JPH09142088A - Method and device for copying - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply copy the profile of an article, the shape and pattern of a sculpture and the like into the size of 1:1. SOLUTION: A TV camera 12 for catching an image of an article A0 and a writing instrument 13 for copying the shape or pattern of the article A0 are supported movably in parallel on a horizontal and transparent top plate 5 integrally by an arm 8. The article A0 is set standing straight under the rear half of the left half of the transparent top plate 5. Beams emitted from the article A0 are reflected twice by a first mirror 30 and a second mirror 31 to form a reflective image of the front of the article A0 right under the TV camera 12. The TV camera 12 and the writing instrument 13 are moved horizontally in parallel so that a reference point mark 21 fixed on the center of an image screen 19 is moved relatively along the profile of the article in the image produced on a TV image receiving machine 2, and the profile viewed from the front of the article A0 is copied by applying the writing instrument 13 onto a paper 7 during the parallel movement.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a copying method and a copying apparatus, and more particularly to a parallel projection method (orthogonal projection method or oblique projection method) for contours, sculptures, or shapes of articles such as excavated articles from ruins. Accordingly, the present invention relates to a copying method and a copying apparatus suitable for copying in a one-to-one size.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, new archeological sites have been discovered one after another at civil engineering sites and construction sites, and numerous haniwa, earthenware, bronzeware, and the like have been excavated. These excavated products have a one-to-one size front view according to the parallel projection method such as the orthogonal projection method and the oblique projection method,
Materials are organized by copying a plan view, side view, and perspective view. To explain the principle of the orthogonal projection method with reference to FIG. 9, the projection plane PL ₁ is placed in front of the target article D. Then, a straight line perpendicular to the projection plane PL ₁ and parallel to each other is drawn from each point of the contour of the article D, and the intersection with PL ₁ is connected to draw a front view D ′ of the contour shape of the article D. The length of a projected image q corresponding to one side Q of the front surface U of the article D is the same, and the length of a projected image r corresponding to one side R of the upper portion of the article D is the same.

[0003]

By the way, in the case of an article having a simple contour shape, copying can be easily performed, but the excavated article generally has a complicated contour, engraving, and pattern, and various two points of the article are provided. Without measuring the dimension between them, it is not possible to draw a one-on-one front view or the like by the right-angle projection method, which takes a lot of time and effort. For this reason, a large number of excavated items are not only left unsorted, but also the number of unsorted excavated items is rapidly increasing. To solve this problem, it is possible to take a photograph of the article, expand it at an appropriate magnification, and trace it to improve the work efficiency. However, the photograph is equivalent to the central projection method, and as shown in FIG. It is a line that connects the intersections with the projection plane PL ₂ by drawing a straight line connecting each point of the contour and VP when viewing D from the viewpoint VP through the projection plane PL ₂ . Therefore, the projection image q ′ of one side Q of the front surface U of the article D and the projection image r ′ of the one side R of the upper portion of the article D have different scales. Therefore, when stretched by a magnification ratio q ′ = Q, r ′ = It does not become R, and the actual length cannot be copied as it is as in the parallel projection method (r 'must be s).

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a copying method and a copying apparatus that can easily copy the contours and shapes of articles, patterns, and patterns into one-to-one sizes.
With that purpose.

[0005]

According to the copying method of the present invention,
The imaging device includes an imaging device that captures an image of a reflected image of an article formed in a predetermined direction by reflecting a light beam emitted from the article with one or more mirrors one or more times, and a writing instrument that reproduces the shape or pattern of the article. Along the shape or pattern of the article in the image captured by the device, so that a predetermined reference point fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the image screen moves relatively,
The imaging device and the writing instrument are integrally moved in parallel in a plane, and the writing instrument is applied to a sheet to copy the shape or pattern of the article during the parallel movement.

Further, in the copying apparatus of the present invention, an image pickup apparatus for capturing a reflected image of an article formed in a predetermined direction by reflecting a light beam emitted from the article by one or more mirrors one or more times, and the article A writing tool for copying the shape or pattern of the above, a support mechanism that integrally supports the imaging device and the writing tool so as to be movable in parallel in a plane, and a display device that displays an image captured by the imaging device on a screen. The image pickup device or the display device is configured to show a reference point mark fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the screen. The reference point mark is displayed on the screen, a reference point mark member is provided in the optical system of the image pickup device, or a reference point mark provided in the image pickup device or the display device is combined with an image by a combining circuit. Is fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the screen.

[0007]

According to the copying method and copying apparatus of the present invention, an image pickup apparatus for capturing a reflected image of an article formed in a predetermined direction by reflecting a light beam emitted from the article by a mirror or mirrors one or more times. And a writing instrument for copying the shape or pattern of the article, along with the shape or pattern of the article in the image captured by the imaging device, a predetermined reference point fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the image screen. The imaging device and the writing instrument are integrally moved in parallel so as to move relative to each other, and the writing instrument is applied to the paper during the parallel movement to copy the shape or pattern of the article. As a result, the worker performs a simple operation in which the imaging device and the writing instrument are integrally moved in parallel in a plane so that the reference point of the image screen moves relatively along the shape or pattern of the article. Only by doing so, it is possible to copy the article by the parallel projection method, and the work efficiency is dramatically improved. Moreover, the light beam emitted from the article may be reflected by the one or more mirrors one or more times to form a reflection image of the article in a predetermined direction, and the image of the reflection image may be captured by the imaging device. Even if it is upright, a front reflection image is drawn downward by forming a front reflection image and capturing the image of the reflection image from above with an image pickup device so that the paper can be placed horizontally in a comfortable work posture. be able to.

[0008]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of a copying apparatus embodying the copying method of the present invention. 1 is a table, 2
Is T as an example of a display device placed on the table 1.
V receiver, 3 is a workbench, frame 4 and frame 4
It consists of a transparent top plate 5 placed horizontally on top of it. Top 5
In the lower half of the left half in FIG. 1, the article A ₀ to be copied is placed on the table 6, and the copy sheet 7 is placed in the right half of the top plate 5 in FIG. It is attached with a tape (not shown). At the upper right end of the frame 4 in FIG. 1, one end of a parallel movement arm 8 is rotatably supported, and the holding portion 9 at the tip of the arm 8 has a top plate 5 of FIG. 1 and a support member 1 extending in the left lateral direction of the top plate 5 and a support member 1 that is slightly extended in the right lateral direction of the top plate 5 in FIG.
1 and 1 are bolted to each other.

Near the tips of the supporting members 10 and 11, a TV camera 12 and a writing instrument 1 as an example of an image pickup device are provided.
3 is fixed vertically downward. As shown in FIG. 2, the support member 11 is provided with a holder 14 to which the writing instrument 13 can be attached and detached. This holder 14 is a support member 11
It is composed of a screw 15 screwed into the screw and an L-shaped pressing member 16 into which the screw 15 is loosely inserted. The writing instrument 13 can be easily attached by tightening the screw 15 while adjusting the height at which the tip is almost in contact with the paper 7. At this time, since the holding portion 9 of the arm 8 is placed on the top plate 5 and the weight of the tip of the arm 8 is supported by the top plate 5, the paper 7 is held.
No writing pressure is applied to the product and it does not get dirty. Since most of the weight of the arm 8 is supported by the frame 4 on the arm base end side, the parallel movement operation can be smoothly performed even when the holding portion 9 is placed on the top plate 5. The writing instrument 13 can be replaced by loosening the screw 15.

The parallel moving arm 8 has the same mechanism as a drafting arm for drawing, and is moved by holding the knob 17 or by moving the writing instrument 13 by the tip of the writing instrument 13. The writing instrument 12 and the writing instrument 13 can be integrally moved in a plane. By this parallel movement, the TV camera 12 and the writing instrument 13 each move in a plane parallel to the top plate 5.

The video output of the TV camera 12 is a cable 18
Is input to the TV receiver 2 via the TV camera 1
The image of the article A captured in 2 is displayed on the screen 19.
The center of the surface 20 of the cathode ray tube of the TV receiver 2 (screen 19
Which corresponds to the optical axis C of the TV camera 12),
A cross-shaped reference point mark 21 is shown. Since the TV camera 12 has an arbitrary magnification, it may be set appropriately.

On the front surface of the left half of the workbench 3, there is arranged a first mirror 30 which is oriented slightly obliquely from the vertical,
Further, behind the first mirror 30, a second mirror 31 which is oriented slightly obliquely from the horizontal is arranged. Second mirror 31
Is located in the left half of the top plate 5 and further below the front half.
The first mirror 30 and the second mirror 31 are fixed by supporting members (not shown).

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. The article A ₀ to be copied is placed in an upright position with the front half of the top plate 5 facing the bottom half of the back half. Further, the paper 7 is attached to the right half of the top plate 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the light beam emitted from the article A ₀ is first reflected by the first mirror 30 to form a _first reflected image A ₁ . The first reflection image A ₁ has the same size as the article A ₀ , but the left and right sides are interchanged. The light ray reflected by the first mirror 30 is further reflected by the second mirror 31 to form a _second reflected image A ₂ . Second reflection image A ₂
Has the same size as the article A _0, and there is no left-right interchange. This second reflection image A ₂ is obtained by displaying the article A ₀ on the TV camera 12
It is formed in the same direction as when it is faced directly under (the state where the front is directly above).

In order to draw a front view of the contour shape of the article A ₀ by the orthogonal projection method, first, the tip of the writing instrument 13 is moved in a plane parallel to the top plate 5, and the reference point mark 21 of the screen 19 is displayed. second reflection images a _second image (i.e., image of the articles a ₀₎ of the article a ₀ contoured in, then while applying a writing pressure to slightly depressed paper 7 the writing instrument 13, the article in the video a _The writing instrument 13 is continuously moved together with the TV camera 12 so that the reference point mark 21 relatively moves along the contour of ₀ , and a line drawing is drawn (FIG. 4 (1), (2)).
reference). At this time, the optical axis C facing the vertical direction of the TV camera 12 is the projection plane PL ₁ from the contour of the article D in FIG.
It becomes equivalent to the perpendiculars B _{1 to} B ₄ that are vertically dropped to the optical axis C, and the intersection of the optical axis C and the top plate 5 becomes a right angle projection image of the contour of the article A ₀ . Since the writing instrument 13 moves in the same manner as the TV camera 12, the line drawing is a right-angle projection image of the contour of the article A ₀ ,
It is a copy of the contour shape seen from the front in a one-to-one size.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the operator sets the TV camera 12 and the writing instrument 13 so that the reference point mark 21 on the video screen moves relatively along the contour shape of the article A _0. By simply performing a simple work of moving the two in parallel in a plane, it becomes possible to copy the article by the orthogonal projection method, and the work efficiency is dramatically improved. In addition, the light beam emitted from the article A _{0 is} reflected twice by the first mirror 30 and the second mirror 31, and the second reflected image A ₂ of the article A _{0 in} a predetermined direction.
And the image of the _second reflection image A ₂ is formed on the TV camera 12
Therefore, even if the article A ₀ is placed upright, it is reflected by the two mirrors 30 and 31 to form a front reflection image (second reflection image A ₂ ) below, By capturing the image of the reflected image from above with the TV camera 12, the front view of the article A ₀ can be drawn in a comfortable work posture in which the paper 7 is placed horizontally.

Even if the operator does not press down on the writing instrument 13 by holding it down, if the writing pressure is applied to the paper 7, hold the knob 17 at the tip of the arm 8 and
The TV camera 12 and the writing instrument 13 may be moved in parallel. Further, the arrangement of the first mirror 30 and the second mirror 31 is not limited to the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, and other arrangement may be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the first mirror 32 is a half mirror,
When the second mirror 33 is arranged under the top plate 5 at an angle of 45 ° obliquely when viewed from the vertical direction and the second mirror 33 is arranged horizontally under the first mirror 32, the light rays emitted from the article A ₀ are first The light is reflected by the first mirror 32 to form a _first reflected image A ₁ . The first reflection image A ₁ has the same size as the article A ₀ , but the left and right sides are interchanged. The light ray reflected by the first mirror 32 is further reflected by the second mirror 33 to form a _second reflected image A ₂ . The second reflected image A ₂ has the same size as the article A ₀ ,
There is no left or right interchange. The second reflected image A ₂ is formed in the same direction as when the article A ₀ is placed directly below the TV camera 12 (the state where the front is directly above). The image of the second reflected image A ₂ can be captured by the TV camera 12 through the first mirror 32 which is a Hough mirror. According to the example of FIG. 5, since the first mirror 32 can be arranged below the top plate 5, the installation space can be reduced. Also, the second mirror 33 can be oriented in the horizontal direction for easy installation.

Further, in order to allow the arm 8 to move smoothly on the top plate 5, as shown in FIG. 6, the center is rotatably supported by the holding portion 9 in a plane parallel to the top plate 5. And a second rotation support member 23 rotatably supported on both ends of the first rotation support member 22 in a plane parallel to the top plate 5, 24 is provided. Then, the rollers 25, 2 which come into contact with the top plate 5 and support the weight of the tip portion of the arm 8 by the second rotation support members 23, 24.
6 may be pivotally supported. The second rotation support member with the roller is the support member 1 that fixes the TV camera 12.
It may also be provided at the tip of 0.

Although the reference point mark is shown on the center of the screen 19, it may be shown by being fixed at a predetermined position or an arbitrary position on the screen other than the center, as in the reference point mark 21A in FIG. In this case, the reference point mark 21 on the video screen 19
So that A moves relatively along the contour of the article,
When the TV camera and the writing instrument are integrated and translated in a plane, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to draw an oblique projection image K of the article (D) viewed obliquely on the projection plane PL ₃ . In addition, if the optical axis of the TV camera is changed from the direction perpendicular to the top plate to be oblique, the reference point mark may be fixedly written at the center of the screen or at a predetermined or arbitrary position other than the center. In either case, it is possible to draw an oblique projection image in which the article A ₀ is viewed parallel to the oblique direction (see FIG. 8).

The method of attaching the reference point mark to the screen is as follows.
Instead of directly displaying on the screen, a reference point mark member may be provided in the optical system of the TV camera, or a combining circuit (superimposing circuit) provided in the TV camera or the TV receiver. Therefore, the reference point mark may be electrically combined with the video signal. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the arm is used for the parallel translation, but the biaxial (X, Y) slide mechanism may be used for the parallel translation. Further, although the TV camera is used as the imaging device, a video camera or the like may be used. Although a TV receiver is used as the display device,
An image monitor device (including a device integrated with a video camera) may be used. In addition to the cross mark, the reference point mark may have other forms such as a black circle and an arrow.
Further, the copy target is not limited to the contour shape of the article, and may be an engraving shape or a pattern.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment and modification, two mirrors are used.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and only one mirror that reflects the light beam emitted from the article may be provided so that the reflected image is formed only once to form a reflected image in a predetermined direction. , Three or more mirrors that reflect the light rays emitted from the article are provided, and the image reflected by one mirror is reflected again by the next mirror so that the light rays emitted from the article are reflected three times or more. The final reflection image may be formed in a predetermined direction by repeating the reflection.

[0021]

According to the copying method and copying apparatus of the present invention,
An image pickup device that captures an image of a reflected image of an article formed in a predetermined direction by reflecting a light beam emitted from the article twice with two mirrors, and a writing instrument for copying the shape or pattern of the article are provided. The imaging device and the writing instrument are integrated into a plane so that a predetermined reference point fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the image screen moves relatively along the shape or pattern of the article in the image captured by the device. In parallel, the writing instrument is applied to the paper during the parallel movement to copy the shape or pattern of the article. As a result, the worker performs a simple operation in which the imaging device and the writing instrument are integrally moved in parallel in a plane so that the reference point of the image screen moves relatively along the shape or pattern of the article. Only by doing so, it is possible to copy the article by the parallel projection method, and the work efficiency is dramatically improved. Moreover, the light beam emitted from the article is reflected by one or more mirrors.
Alternatively, it is possible to form a reflection image of the article by reflecting the light a plurality of times in a predetermined direction, and capture the image of the reflection image with an imaging device.
For example, even when the article is upright, a reflection image of the front is formed below by reflecting it with a mirror, and the image of the reflection image is captured from above by an imaging device, so that the paper can be placed horizontally easily. A front view of an article can be drawn depending on the work posture.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of a copying apparatus embodying a copying method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a writing instrument holder.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the action of two mirrors.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a copying method.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example of a mirror.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example of the arm.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of reference point marks.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an oblique projection method.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a right angle projection method.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a central projection method.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 TV receiver 3 working table 5 top plate 8 arm 12 TV camera 13 writing instrument 21, 21A reference point mark 30, 32 first mirror 31, 33 second mirror A ₀ article A ₁ first reflection image A ₂ second 2 reflection image

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An imaging device that captures an image of a reflected image of an article formed in a predetermined direction by reflecting a light beam emitted from the article with a mirror or mirrors one or more times, and a writing instrument that reproduces the shape or pattern of the article. The imaging device and the writing instrument such that a predetermined reference point fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the video screen moves relatively along the shape or pattern of the article in the video captured by the imaging device. And the writing tool is applied to the paper during the parallel movement so as to copy the shape or pattern of the article. 2. One or more mirrors that reflect a light beam emitted from an article one or more times to form a reflected image of the article in a predetermined direction, an imaging device that captures an image of the article, and the shape or pattern of the article. A writing tool for copying, a support mechanism that integrally supports the imaging device and the writing tool so as to be movable in parallel in a plane, and a display device that projects an image captured by the imaging device on a screen, the imaging device The device or the display device is configured so as to show a reference point mark fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the screen. 3. One or more mirrors that reflect a light beam emitted from an article one or more times to form a reflected image of the article in a predetermined direction, an imaging device that captures an image of the article, and the shape or pattern of the article. A writing instrument for copying, a support mechanism that integrally supports the imaging device and the writing instrument so as to be movable in parallel in a plane, and a display device that projects an image captured by the imaging device on a screen, A reference point mark is written at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the screen of the copying machine. 4. One or a plurality of mirrors that reflect a light beam emitted from an article one or more times to form a reflected image of the article in a predetermined direction, an imaging device that captures an image of the article, and the shape or pattern of the article. A writing tool for copying, a support mechanism that integrally supports the imaging device and the writing tool so as to be movable in parallel in a plane, and a display device that projects an image captured by the imaging device on a screen, the imaging device A copying apparatus characterized in that a reference point mark member is provided in an optical system of the apparatus, and the reference point mark is fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on a video screen. 5. One or a plurality of mirrors that reflect a light beam emitted from an article one or more times to form a reflected image of the article in a predetermined direction, an imaging device that captures an image of the article, and the shape or pattern of the article. A writing tool for copying, a support mechanism that integrally supports the imaging device and the writing tool so as to be movable in parallel in a plane, and a display device that projects an image captured by the imaging device on a screen, the imaging device A copying apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus or the display apparatus is provided with a synthesizing circuit for synthesizing the reference point mark on the image so as to be fixed at an arbitrary position or a predetermined position on the image screen.