JPH09140483A - Small-amount multi-kind chemical storage and industrial waste sorting and gathering container - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sort the chemicals of a small amount and many kinds corresponding to the kinds, to safely and surely keep and manage them and to safely gather waste generated from the chemicals corresponding to the contents. SOLUTION: This storage 10 is provided with plural lockable drawers 11 provided with plural sections for sectioning and individually housing the chemicals corresponding to the contents and a sorting sticker for identifying the contents of the chemicals to be kept in the drawer is stuck to an easily visibly confirmable position at the outer part of the drawer 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small amount of a wide variety of chemicals storage for safely storing a wide variety of chemicals held in medical facilities, chemical plants, schools, and various other business establishments, and a multi-purpose storage. The present invention relates to a separation / collection container for reliably transporting industrial waste to a designated processing facility via a collection / transporter and securely disposing of it.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A wide variety of chemicals are held in medical facilities, chemical factories, schools, and various other business establishments, and there is a demand for means for safely storing small amounts of highly concentrated substances in a limited space. There is. There is no established convenient, simple, and compact storage means for safely and clearly separating these chemicals based on the relevant laws and their characteristics, and for the users to use these chemicals.

Also, the expiration date of these chemicals has expired,
The amount of harmful industrial waste (hereinafter also simply referred to as waste) generated due to reasons such as the suspension of research tends to increase year by year. These wastes have a negative impact on the environment at designated intermediate treatment facilities and final disposal sites (hereinafter also referred to as disposers) that have prescribed treatment equipment via a collection and transporter that specially collects and transports these wastes. It will be disposed of without any form.

[0004] This kind of waste is, of course, not only workers involved in the work of discharging, collecting and transporting or intermediate processing and final disposal in the moving route from the time of disposal to the final disposal, but also in the vicinity thereof. Are required to be safely transported and processed in a state where they are isolated from the residents and the environment. However, the discharged industrial waste is stored safely according to its content, separated and handed over to the collection / transporter, and the waste separated from the hand of the discharger is safely and securely disposed of through the prescribed route for final disposal. No storage and collection schemes have been established to carry out

[0005]

In the conventional safety management system for small quantities of various chemicals, the related laws and the safety measures inherent in the nature of the chemicals are satisfied at the same time, and the safety is ensured in a limited space, and moreover, for the user. It was difficult to find an easy storage method. In addition, in the method of collecting and transporting industrial waste generated from these chemicals, the discharger how to store his own discharge (that is, waste) and how to safely deliver it to the collection transporter and transport route. It was difficult to guarantee whether or not the product was transported safely and securely and was disposed of safely and securely by the final disposer by the prescribed disposal method.

In recent years, the types of wastes of this kind have diversified,
The amount of emissions is also increasing. However, the storage method and collection method have not been established yet. A first object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chemical storage for sorting chemicals according to their contents and storing them safely once.

The second object of the present invention is to sort the industrial waste safely through the transportation route of the industrial waste from the discharger to the collection / transporter to the disposer for proper disposal. To provide a collection container.

[0008]

In order to achieve the first object, the first invention according to claim 1 is classified according to type, and a sticker indicating the classification is attached according to contents. It is a small amount, multi-type chemical storage for safe and compact storage of small amounts, various types, and high-concentration chemicals stored in each drug container, and individually stores each drug container sorted according to the above classification. It is characterized by having a plurality of compartments inside, affixing a separation sticker for identifying the contents of chemicals to be stored at a position easily visible, and providing a plurality of lockable drawers.

A second invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the sticker carries an identification seal formed of a combination of a color and a mark set in advance according to the type of industrial waste. In order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, a third invention according to claim 3 is an industrial waste product in which a chemical agent which has become an industrial waste is collected from a discharger to a disposer through a carrier. Transport safely through the travel route,
A separate collection container for reliable disposal, wherein the separate collection container is made of a plurality of types with materials and shapes and functions having an optimal storage function according to the form of the industrial waste, and is collected. It is characterized by being attached with an identification sheet indicating the type of industrial waste.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the configuration of the first invention,
A small amount, multi-type chemical storage is a chemical storage that can satisfy small amounts, various types, and high-concentration chemicals at the same time with relevant laws and safety measures inherent in the nature of the chemicals, and can store them reliably and simply. This storage is divided into, for example, 28 according to the content of chemicals, and is equipped with a plurality of lockable drawers to store and store at least poisonous substances, deleterious substances, or dangerous substances such as strong acids, strong alkalis and flammability. The drawer is configured to be securely locked.

The inside of the drawer has a predetermined number of compartments for individually storing the chemicals which are divided in advance according to the content of the chemicals, and each compartment is in principle divided into compartments. Stores chemicals addressed to one. Furthermore, a classification sticker for identifying the contents of the chemicals to be stored in the drawer is attached to a position on the outside of the drawer where it is easily visible, so that the contents of the drawer can be easily identified during storage or collection. Has been

Further, in the configuration of the second invention,
By carrying an identification seal made of a combination of a color and a mark set in advance according to the type of chemicals on the sticker, the contents of the drawer can be more easily identified during storage or storage. And
The separate collection container according to the third aspect of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure in order to safely convey and securely dispose of the industrial waste through the industrial waste transfer route from the discharger to the collection carrier to the disposer. It is composed of a plurality of types of materials having the optimum storage function, shape and function according to the form of industrial waste, and the waste contained in the bottle has a plurality of compartments similar to the drawer in the second invention. And a cardboard box,
A lidded and sealable plastic container will be used for solid waste, and a sealable plastic tank will be used for liquid waste.

Then, an identification sheet indicating the type of industrial waste to be stored is attached to each of the containers. As described above, according to the present invention, in order to safely convey and securely dispose of the industrial waste through the transportation route of the industrial waste from the discharger, the collection carrier, and the disposer, the form of the industrial waste is set. If the type of industrial waste to be stored is bottled, the container with the optimal storage function prepared according to If it is a liquid, store it in a sealed and sealed plastic container. If it is a liquid, store it in a sealed plastic tank that is sorted according to the type of contents.

A sticker indicating the type of industrial waste contained is attached to each of the above-mentioned containers, the disposal direction is clearly indicated, and each container is moved together with the container to deliver or transfer each industrial waste transportation route. A multi-sheet treatment confirmation manifest for confirming the above fact is transferred between the waste generator, the collector and the final disposer together with the industrial waste. A sheet of the same kind as that used in the above-mentioned storage can be attached to each of the above-mentioned containers.

The container transported to the final disposer is disposed of together with the container according to the disposal method specified in the manifest. Therefore, the industrial waste does not always move in a separated state and is not exposed to the environment on the way of the transportation route from the discharger to the final disposal operator via the collection / transporter. Not only all of the above workers, but also third parties will be isolated.

Further, the manifest attached to the container enables each delivery from the unloader to the final disposal operator via the collection / transporter, and at the time of delivery, the fact of the delivery / delivery can be confirmed and illegal dumping can be prevented. . Also,
By attaching an identification sticker on the surface of the container to identify the type of industrial waste contained in the container, the operator can easily confirm the type of industrial waste contained in the container and the treatment method. It is possible to prevent mishandling.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining an embodiment of a small quantity multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention. 10 is a small volume multi-chemical storage (hereinafter also simply referred to as storage), 11
Is a drawer, 12 is a lock, 13 is a sticker, and 14 is a sticker. In the figure, the storage 10 of this embodiment comprises a first storage 10a, a second storage 10b, and a third storage 10c each having a four-stage drawer 11. First storage 1
0a, the second storage 10b, the third storage 10c each drawer 11 can be independently pulled out, can be locked by the lock 12, the sticker 13 is attached to the surface, the sticker 13 contents And the identification sticker 14 are attached.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining an example of the construction of the drawer of the small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention, in which the partition 15 divided into 4 × 4 = 16 is formed. Reference numeral 16 is a moving rail of the drawer 11. FIG. 3 is an example of classification of the contents of chemicals to be stored separately in a small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.
In the top drawer of 0a, "A organic matter", then "A'organic matter (drama substance)" and "D'organic substance 5 (drama substance)", and below it, "B organic solvent", the bottom layer. "B'organic solvent (deleterious substance)" is stored in the drawer.

In the drawer of the uppermost stage of the second storage box 10b, "J toxic substance", then "E3 type water-inhibiting", and below that, "C 2 type" and "D 5 type", the lowermost stage. Store the "solvent for G" in the drawer. And the third storage 1
In the top drawer of 0c, "F inorganic substance", then "F'inorganic substance (dramatic substance)", below it "I alkaline liquid (dramatic substance)", and in the bottom drawer "H 6 class" Store strong acid (deleterious substance).

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a display example of a sticker attached to a drawer of a small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention. This sticker is attached to the bottom of the third storage box 10c and has a size of 654 mm in length and 90 mm in width. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of detailed contents of an example of classification of contents of chemicals to be stored separately in the small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.

FIGS. 6 and 7 are explanatory views of an identification sticker to be attached to a sticker to be attached to a small amount, multi-type chemical storage, according to the present invention, wherein the classifications A, A ', B, B', and
C, D, D ', E, F, F', G, H, I, and J are configured to be distinguishable by their colors and marks. FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the flow of sorted storage and storage of industrial waste, collection / transportation, and final disposal in the industrial waste collection and treatment system using the sorted collection container according to the present invention.

In the figure, when the discharger starts the disposal of the industrial waste, it is checked whether the industrial waste is in the form of solid or liquid (step S-1). Further, it is checked whether or not it is in a predetermined bottle (S-2), and if it is not in the predetermined bottle, it is stored in a dedicated plastic container (S-3). If the container is in a predetermined bottle, the above-mentioned storage is classified and stored (S-4).

If it is a liquid in step (S-1),
Whether or not it is an organic compound is checked (S-5), and if it is an organic compound, it is housed in a dedicated plastic tank (S-5).
-6) If it is not an organic substance, see if it contains heavy metal (S-7). If it contains heavy metal, store it in a dedicated plastic tank (S-8). Further, it is judged whether or not it contains a heavy metal but is acidic (S-9), and if it is acidic, it is stored in a dedicated plastic tank (S).
-10).

If it is not acidic, it is stored in a dedicated plastic tank (S-11). After that, when the collection time comes, the waste is transferred to a dedicated cardboard box, sealed, and then handed over to the collector (S-12). On the other hand, the waste stored in the dedicated plastic container and the waste stored in the dedicated plastic tanks are delivered to the collector as they are in a sealed state (S-13).

The collector conveys the exclusive cardboard box, the exclusive plastic container and the exclusive plastic tank which are accepted from the discharger (S-13) and delivers them to the disposer, and the disposer disposes of them according to the prescribed method. (S-14). In addition, it is desirable that each of the wastes stored in the dedicated plastic container is stored by being wrapped in a predetermined plastic sheet or bag.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a bottled waste of solid waste and a cardboard box for collecting the waste.
(A) is waste in a bottle, and (b) is a cardboard box. This bottle is a predetermined standard bottle (500 ml bottle) used for storing commercially available chemicals, and the cardboard box 6a has the same compartment 6a 'as the drawer of the storage shown in FIG. There is.

The illustrated cardboard box has a length of 450 mm, a width of 450 mm, and a height of 250 mm, and is divided into 4 × 4 boxes with the same quality of cardboard inside, so that the contained bins do not come into direct contact and are damaged by impact. It has a structure that does not. A vinyl sheet for packaging the bottle may be attached to the cardboard box. That is, it is configured such that the bin-containing waste stored in the drawer of the storage is directly transferred to the compartment 6a ′ of the cardboard box 6a.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of an amorphous waste among solid wastes and a plastic container for storing and collecting the waste, and FIG. 10A shows the amorphous waste stored in a predetermined plastic sheet or bag. The amorphous waste is stored in a predetermined plastic sheet or bag and is stored and collected in the plastic container 6b shown in (b). This amorphous waste includes glass products, metal products and their scraps, paper with chemicals attached, cotton, plastic instruments, and other powdered materials, which are packed in plastic sheets or bags. Then, it is placed in a plastic container 6a with a lid and sealed.

The above-mentioned plastic container 6a has good airtightness and water resistance, and has physical strength capable of withstanding transportation work. As its dimensional examples, the main body is 345 mm long × 345 mm wide, and 390 mm high. The material is 2 mm thick polypropylene resin, the lid is polyethylene, and the volume is 2
5 liter lidded container (for example, Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.)
The product name is “Medi Pale”).

The plastic container may be a cylindrical lidded container known as a so-called poly bucket.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of an example of a plastic container used for liquid waste, among the dedicated containers for accommodating, storing and transporting industrial waste used in the present invention.

This container is a so-called poly tank 6c made of polyethylene resin having a thickness of 3 mm, and its typical size is 255 mm in length, 255 mm in width, and 380 m in height.
The volume is 20 liters in m. In the above cardboard box, plastic container and plastic tank,
Sticker 8 for identifying the type of waste stored
(Container sticker) is attached. This sticker 8
Is a sticker 1 attached to the storage described in FIG.
The same as 3 is desirable. It should be noted that, in particular, the waste stored in the plastic tank 6c is clearly indicated by the numbers 1 to 3 described in FIG.

That is, according to the type of liquid waste sorted according to the flow of FIG. 8, each waste is accommodated in the plastic tank 6c and stored in a sealed state. Delivered. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a process confirmation manifest used for industrial waste collection, transportation, and disposal using the separate collection container of the present invention, where A is a first confirmation sheet and B1 is a first confirmation sheet. 2 is a confirmation sheet, B2 is a third confirmation sheet, C1 is a fourth confirmation sheet, C2 is a fifth confirmation sheet, and D is a sixth confirmation sheet.

As shown in the figure, this manifest 7
Consists of a copy sheet of 6 sheets of A form sheet, B1 form sheet, B2 form sheet, C1 form sheet, C2 form sheet, and D form sheet. When the final disposal of the waste is completed, Sheet A, sheet B2 and sheet D are in hand, sheet B1 and sheet C are in the hands of the collection carrier.
The 1-vote sheet and the C2-vote sheet will be stored in the hand of the final disposer.

That is, the A-form sheet is discharged after confirming that the discharger has delivered the various containers containing the industrial waste to the collection carrier and that the collection carrier has received the container. This is the first confirmation slip that the person keeps. The B1 form sheet is a second confirmation slip that the collection carrier stores in order to confirm the fact that the collection carrier has accepted the container.

The B2 form sheet serves as a third confirmation sheet which the discharger stores after confirming the fact that the collection carrier delivers the container to the final disposer and the fact that the final disposer has accepted the container. . The C1 vote sheet is a fourth confirmation vote that is stored by the collection carrier after confirming the fact that the collection carrier has delivered the container to the final disposal operator and the fact that the final disposal agent has accepted the container.

The C2 vote sheet is a fifth confirmation vote which the final disposer stores after confirming the fact that the final disposer has delivered the container. Then, the D-form sheet becomes a sixth confirmation form that the final disposer confirms the fact that the container has been accepted and directly delivers it to the discharger, and the discharger stores it. The above-mentioned 6-sheet spliced manifest is A, B1 and B2 from the top so that the containers containing industrial waste can be peeled off one sheet from the top in the order in which they are transferred on the waste container moving route. It is desirable to spell one set in the order of votes, C1 votes, C2 votes, and D votes, but the order is not particularly limited.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of the movement and storage of a waste storage container and its manifest used in the industrial waste collection and processing system using the waste storage and collection container of the present invention. 1 is an industrial waste discharger, 2 is a collection carrier, 3 is a final disposer, 4 is a waste container moving route, 5 _{1 to} 5 ₆ is a manifest moving route, 6 is a container containing waste, 7 Is the manifest.

In the figure, the discharger 1 stores the waste entrusted with disposal in a predetermined container according to the property (liquid, solid, dangerous substance, or infectious substance, etc.) and hermetically seals it. Hand over to the collection carrier 2. At the same time, when the discharger 1 hands over the waste storage container 7 in which his / her waste is stored and sealed in a predetermined container to the collection / transporter 2, the manifest consisting of 6 sheets is sent to the collection / transportation carrier 2. Hand over.

That is, when it becomes necessary for the waste discharger 1 to dispose of the waste, the waste is stored in a predetermined container and delivered to the collection carrier 2 in a sealed state. At this time, the discharger 1
Is a 6-sheet copy sheet of A table sheet (A), B1 table sheet (B1), B2 table sheet (B2), C1 table sheet (C1), C2 table sheet (C2), and D table sheet (D). Fill in the required fields in the manifest 7 and sign / seal it to give to the collection carrier 2.

The collection carrier 2 has a manifest 7 on the spot.
Is signed / imprinted, and the A-side sheet (A) is returned to the discharger 1.
Discharger 1 is a table sheet (A) returned from collection carrier 2
The collection and transporter 2 stores the B1 table sheet (B1) in the manifest, transports the waste storage container 6 together with the remaining four sheets, and hands it over to the final disposer 3.

When the collection carrier 2 delivers the waste container 6 to the final disposal operator 3, the final disposal operator 3 signs / imprints the remaining 4 sheets, and the B2 table sheet (B2) and the C1 table sheet ( Return C1) to the collection carrier 2. Collection carrier 2 stores C1 table sheet (C1) and B2 table sheet (B2)
Take it back and hand it to Discharger 1.

The discharger 1 collates the A table sheet (A) previously stored with the B2 table sheet (B2), and the waste storage container 6 is transferred to the final disposal operator 3 via the collection carrier 2. Confirm that it has been handed over. On the other hand, the final disposer 3 stores the C2 front sheet (C2) and the D front sheet (D),
Dispose of the waste according to the prescribed method.

When this disposal is completed, the final disposal person 3
Fill in Disposal on the front sheet (D) and return to Discharger 1 by means such as mailing. Discharger 1 collates the A table sheet (A) (and B2 table sheet (B2)) stored previously with the D table sheet (D) returned from the final disposer 3 and discards the waste. It is confirmed that the waste carried in the storage container 6 has been disposed of by the final disposer 3.

As a result, the discharger 1 can confirm that the waste discharged by himself / herself has been surely disposed of in the proper facility by the proper method, and can verify that the waste has not been illegally discarded. It is desirable to use a shape, a color, or a combination of a color and a character or a number, which is prepared in advance for each property of the waste, which can be easily recognized by an operator involved in the waste treatment.

In the above, the collection carrier 2 is the discharger 1
The waste storage container 6 has been described as being transported between the final disposer 3 and the final disposer 3, but it is assumed that the waste is intermediately accumulated at the relay person and then the waste disposer 3 is transported to the final disposer 3. If adopted, add multiple other sheets to the manifest to confirm the delivery of the number of manifests between the collection carrier 2 and the relay person and between the relay person and the final disposer 3, and the same as above. The same confirmation and verification can be realized by storing the sheet / returning the sheet.

As a result, the discharger 1 can confirm that the waste discharged by himself / herself has been surely disposed of in the proper equipment by the proper method, and can verify that the waste has not been illegally discarded. In addition, the collection carrier 2 is the discharger 1
The waste storage container 6 has been described as being transported between the final disposer 3 and the final disposer 3, but the waste is intermediately accumulated at the relay person,
After that, when adopting a route for transporting to the final disposer 3, other than confirming the number of manifests to collect and transport the carrier 2 and the intermediary and the delivery between the intermediary and the final disposer 3. It is possible to realize the same confirmation and verification by adding a plurality of sheets to the manifest and performing the same sheet storage / sheet return as described above.

[0047]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By using a storage that separates the chemicals into categories that are set according to the type of chemicals to be stored, it is possible to prevent accidents such as the generation of toxic substances due to the mixture of chemicals, fire accidents, etc. Loss of chemicals due to locking,
Theft can be prevented.

Regarding the waste generated from the chemicals, the waste is delivered and finally disposed along a moving route connecting the discharger, the collection carrier and the final disposer using a predetermined container. Since the container is incinerated or buried, and the manifest that confirms the fact is transferred with the waste every time the container is transferred along the transfer route, it is stored in the specified storage container. It is possible to provide an industrial waste treatment system that guarantees that the waste discharged from the waste generator is surely disposed of by the final disposer, thus contributing to environmental conservation and fulfilling social responsibility. Therefore, it becomes possible to safely and surely dispose of various kinds of waste by preventing the occurrence of environmental pollution due to illegal dumping.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of a small amount, multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration example of a drawer of a small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an example of classification of the contents of wastes sorted and stored in a small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a display example of a sticker attached to a drawer of a small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of detailed contents of a classification example of the contents of wastes sorted and stored in a small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of an identification sticker attached to a sticker attached to a small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of an identification sticker attached to a sticker attached to a small amount multi-type chemical storage according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the flow of the separated storage and storage of industrial waste, the collection / transportation, and the final disposal in the industrial waste collection and treatment system using the small amount multi-type chemical storage and the separate collection container according to the present invention. .

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a bottled waste of solid waste and a cardboard box for collecting the waste.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an amorphous waste among solid wastes and a plastic container for storage and collection thereof.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a plastic container used for liquid waste, among the dedicated containers for accommodating, storing and transporting industrial waste used in the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a process confirmation manifest used for industrial waste collection, transportation, and disposal using the separate collection container of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of movement and storage of a waste storage container used in an industrial waste collection / processing system using the waste storage / collection container of the present invention and a manifest thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ・ ・ ・ ・ Industrial waste discharger 2 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Collecting carrier 3 ・ ・ ・ ・ Final disposer 4 ・ ・ ・ ・ Waste container moving route 6 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Waste container 7 ・ ・..Manifest. 8 ... Container sticker. 10 ... ・ Small amount of various chemicals storage 10a ・ ・ ・ ・ First storage 10b ・ ・ ・ ・ Second storage 10c ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Third storage 11 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Drawer 12 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Lock 13 ... Sticker 14 ... Seal

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A small amount of multi-type chemicals for safe and compact storage of small amounts, various types, and high-concentration chemicals, which are stored in each chemical container that is classified according to type and is attached with a sticker indicating the classification according to the contents. It is a chemical storage cabinet, and has a plurality of compartments inside which individually store the respective chemical containers sorted according to the classification, and a sorting sticker for identifying the contents of the chemicals to be stored in a position that is easy to see. Storage container for small quantities of various chemicals, which is equipped with multiple drawers that can be attached and locked. 2. The small-quantity multi-type chemical storage as set forth in claim 1, wherein the sticker carries an identification seal composed of a combination of a color and a mark set in advance according to the type of industrial waste. 3. A separation / collection container for safely transporting and reliably disposing of chemicals that have become industrial wastes through a transportation route of industrial wastes from a discharger to a collection / transporter to a disposer. The separation and collection container is made of a plurality of types having a material, shape and function having an optimal storage function according to the form of the industrial waste, and an identification sheet indicating the type of industrial waste to be collected is attached. A separate collection container for collecting industrial waste.