JPH091394A - Waste can crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce total crushing force in half or less, compared with the conventional crusher, in the type of machine in which a waste can is placed between two plates and crushed by allowing the two plates to approach and recede mutually. CONSTITUTION: A crushing surface with a narrow rib 3 is formed at least on either a fixed plate 2 or a movable plate 1 between which a space is formed for inserting a waste can 4. During the crushing process, the rib 3 imparts to the space with a crushing force concentrated large per unit area, facilitating the crush and reducing the total crushing force. The rib 3 may be formed in a cross, Y-shape, several parallel lines, grid-shape, etc. The entire device may be miniaturized by driving the movable plate 1 with a wire 13 and thereby eliminating unnecessary projections.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to crushing of empty cans for juices, beer, etc., for ordinary households, for crushing empty cans to a predetermined thickness.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the influence of empty cans such as juice and beer on the environment has become remarkable, and how to collect them has become a problem. It is a public opinion that it is necessary to crush and process the empty cans to improve the efficiency of transportation and processing of the recovered empty cans.

Therefore, various empty can pressing machines have been filed and put into practical use. For example, JP-A-6-2
No. 46495 (cylinder system), JP-A-5-5749
No. 0 (roller type) and JP-A-6-23593 (screw shaft type) are available. However, since these are for the purpose of simply crushing the empty can and for crushing in the vertical direction, a strong crushing force is required, and therefore the entire device is inevitably made solid and inevitably becomes large. There is a problem. In addition, the drive motor and the like are inevitably required to have high output.

In order to reduce the crushing force of this empty can, an epoch-making method is disclosed in JP-A-6-246491.
This is characterized in that, when the empty can is crushed in the longitudinal direction, the empty can is arranged such that a part of each outer peripheral edge of the top surface and the bottom surface is obliquely contacted between the movable plate and the fixed plate.

According to the apparatus, the crushing force required to crush a 190 ml steel can when it is placed at an angle of 20 ° (diagonal) is described as 180 kg.

[0006]

However, the problem here is the shape of the crushed empty can. For example, diagonal 20
In the case of crushing at °, the projected occupied area after crushing is about 1.4 times that in the case of crushing the top surface and the bottom surface in parallel. By the way, the bulk after crushing was about 25 mm, which was the same value as other methods. Further, the crushing force after the crushing progresses and the top surface and the bottom surface are in close contact with the movable plate and the fixed plate is inevitably a uniform load.

Another drawback of crushing by arranging empty cans diagonally is that the crushing force acts on the movable plate and the fixed plate, and it is necessary to strengthen the entire device to counter this. Is there.

Also in this case, since the movable plate is driven by the ball screw or the fluid cylinder, the device becomes large due to the feed stroke.

In view of the above problems, the present invention reduces the crushing force of the empty can to half or less of that of the conventional one, even though it crushes in the axial direction of the empty can by the fixed plate and the movable plate which are perpendicular to the axial direction of the empty can. Moreover, the projected occupying area of the empty can after crushing is also minimum, and further, it is an object of the present invention to obtain an empty can crushing device which requires only a small size.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a pair of fixing plates that face empty circular can faces having circular end faces at both ends and that form an empty can housing space therebetween, A movable plate and a means for driving the fixed plate and the movable plate so as to move toward and away from each other, and by driving the fixed plate and the movable plate so as to approach each other, a space disposed between them is provided. In an empty can crushing device that crushes a can,
A crushing surface is formed by fixing a crosspiece having a size sufficient to cover the circular end surface of the empty can to the surface of at least one of the fixed plate and the movable plate facing the empty can.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the surfaces of the fixed plate and the movable plate, which do not have the crosspiece, are flat.

Further, according to the inventions of claims 3, 4, 5 and 6, the crosspieces of the crushing surface are constituted by cross-shaped crosspieces, Y-shaped crosspieces, several parallel crosspieces, and grid-like crosspieces, respectively. .

Further, according to the invention of claim 7, the fixed plate and the movable plate are arranged so as to be opposed to each other in the horizontal direction, and the empty can holder is horizontally arranged between them, and the movable plate is horizontally arranged with respect to the fixed plate. A guide means for guiding the movement is provided, and a discharge opening for the crushed empty can is formed in the empty can holding base near the fixing plate.

[0014]

According to the invention of claim 1, as the movable plate approaches the fixed plate and the crushing process is performed, the empty can receives a large concentrated crushing force per unit area due to the thin crushing surface bar. The total crushing force required for crushing is extremely small compared to the case of receiving a crushing force by a mere plane.

The total crushing force acting on the empty can is lower as the point of action is smaller. However, in order to stably and continuously press the empty can from the start to the end of the crushing, there are three or more places on the circular end surface of the empty can. Point of action is required.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the surfaces of the fixed plate and the movable plate, which do not have the crosspieces, are made flat so that the contact support to the end surface of the empty can is stably performed on the plane. It

Further, as in the inventions of claims 3, 4, 5 and 6, the crushing surface crosspieces are constituted by cross-shaped crosspieces, Y-shaped crosspieces, several parallel crosspieces, and grid-like crosspieces, respectively. As a result, the crosspiece bites into the end surface of the empty can in various shapes, and similarly, a large concentrated crushing force is generated per unit area of the end surface of the empty can, and the crushing force is greater than that in the case where the flat surface is subjected to the crushing force. The total crushing force required for is greatly reduced.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the fixed plate and the movable plate are arranged horizontally opposite to each other, and the empty can holder is horizontally arranged between them so that the movable plate is horizontal with respect to the fixed plate. A guide means for guiding the movement is provided, and a discharge opening for the crushed empty can is formed in the empty can holding base in the vicinity of the fixed plate, so that the empty can holding base is horizontally positioned between the fixed plate and the movable plate. The empty can that is crushed while being held finally falls from the discharge opening. The guide means guides the movement of the movable plate toward the fixed plate to further stabilize the crushing action.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of the empty can crushing device of the present invention in principle. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a movable plate of the empty can crushing device, and a fixed plate 2 is provided facing the movable plate. A space into which the empty can 4 is inserted is provided between the movable plate 1 and the fixed plate 2, and the empty can 4 is inserted so that its longitudinal axis coincides with the direction connecting the movable plate 1 and the fixed plate 2. To be done. Both end surfaces of the empty can 4 are circular. The movable plate 1 and the fixed plate 2 have their supporting surfaces facing each other forming a flat surface, and the crosspiece 3 is integrally fixed to the supporting surface of the movable plate 1 facing the empty can to form a crushing surface. . The edge of the crosspiece 3 on the side of the empty can 4 is processed into an acute angle, which allows the crosspiece 3 to easily bite into the end surface of the empty can 4. The shape of the crosspiece 3 will be described later.

In FIG. 1, when the movable plate 1 is moved toward the fixed plate 2 in the direction of arrow A by a drive device (not shown), the planar support surface of the fixed plate 2 keeps the empty can 4 stable. To support. At this time, a crushing reaction force acts on the entire supporting surface of the fixed plate 2. This is equal to the total pressure exerted by the drive. On the other hand, from the movable plate 1, a force acts on the end surface of the empty can 4 via the crosspiece 3. However, since this force acts on the empty can 4 only via the thin crosspiece 3, the end surface of the empty can 4 is In contrast, a large concentrated crushing force acts on a unit area, and the total crushing force required for crushing is extremely small as compared with the case of receiving a crushing force by a simple plane.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the crosspiece 3 is provided on the movable plate 1, but the crosspiece 3 may be provided on the fixed plate 2 as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, it may be provided on both the movable plate 1 and the fixed plate 2.

4 to 7 show the shape of the crosspiece 3 of the crushing portion. In the example of FIG. 4, the crosspiece 3 is provided in a cross shape.
In this example, the crosspiece 3 is provided in a Y shape. In the example of FIG. 6, several bars 3 are provided in parallel, and in the example of FIG.
Are provided in a grid pattern.

The height of the crosspiece 3 is preferably about 3 mm to 7 mm. This is because if it is too low, the crosspiece 3 has no effect, and if it is too high, the crushed can bites into the crosspiece 3. The interval between the parallel bars and the grid bars in FIGS. 6 and 7 is preferably about 30 mm pitch.

Table 1 shows experimental data for crushing of empty cans. The values in the uppermost row in Table 1 are the values when two flat plates (fixed plate and movable plate) are made parallel to the end surface of the empty can and crushed without using a crosspiece. This is called vertical compression. The empty can used is a 190 ml steel can (Suntory BOSS coffee can).

In the experiment, a cross-shaped crosspiece (shown in FIG. 4), Y
Regarding the character-shaped crosspieces (shown in FIG. 5), there are two types of parallel crosspieces, one in which the crosspieces 3 are provided on the movable plate 1 (shown in FIG. 1) and the other in which the crosspieces 3 are provided on the fixed plate 2 (shown in FIG. 2). Regarding the lattice crosspieces (shown in FIG. 6) and the grid crosspieces (shown in FIG. 7), the crosspieces 3 are formed on both the movable plate 1 and the fixed plate 2 separately from the above-mentioned two types of experiments.
There are three types in total (shown in FIG. 3).

Regarding the cruciform crosspiece and the Y-shaped crosspiece, the case where the crosspiece was attached to both the movable plate and the fixed plate was not tested.
This is because it is difficult to correctly place the circular end surface of the empty can at the intersection of the crosspieces, so that practicality is taken into consideration.

[0027]

[Table 1] Here, the maximum crushing force refers to the maximum value among the load changes in the crushing process, and the average crushing force refers to the value obtained by averaging the values of the loads that fluctuate during the crushing process. The experiment was performed 5 times each.

From the above experimental data, when the crosspiece 3 is provided,
It can be seen that the maximum crushing force is less than half the maximum crushing force of 600 kg in the case of longitudinal compression, even though it has the same directionality as longitudinal compression. No significant change was seen in the average crushing force. By the way, the crushing speed is 20m
Experiments were performed at m / min, 100 mm / min and 500 mm / min, but no change in crushing force with speed was observed.

The following experiment was also conducted from the question of what the crushing force of diagonal compression would be with a crosspiece.

FIG. 9 shows a movable member having a crushing surface configured such that the heights of the parallel bars 3'are sequentially changed so that an inclination angle α of about 3 ° is formed when the bars 3'are arranged. The plate 1 (fixed plate 2 is also possible) is shown. Further, FIG. 10 shows a plurality of parallel bars 3 '.
And a plurality of parallel bars 3 ″ orthogonal to it are combined to form a grid, and the heights of the bars 3 ′ are sequentially changed, and the grid is inclined 3 ° in the longitudinal direction of the bar 3 ″. This allows
A movable plate 1 (or a fixed plate 2 is also possible) having a crushed surface with an inclined lattice surface is obtained. When the empty can 4 was placed between the crushing surface and the crushing surface having a flat surface and crushed, the results shown in Table 2 were obtained.

In FIG. 11, a movable plate 1 having a lattice plane having an inclination of about 3 ° in FIG. 10 and a fixed plate 2 having the same lattice plane are made to face each other with a phase difference of 90 ° and diagonally compressed into an empty can 4. At the same time, the case where the twist is generated is shown.

The crushing speed used in the experiment was 100 mm / min. The mounting pitch of the crosspieces was also 30 mm. Similarly, an empty can used a Suntory BOSS coffee can. The experimental results were as follows.

[0033]

[Table 2] According to the experimental results in Table 2, even if the lattice planes are inclined or the lattices are opposed to each other with a phase difference of 90 °, no significant reduction of the crushing force is observed as compared with the parallel crushing.
It was revealed that the shape of the empty can after crushing was not uniform and the influence of force component was significant.

FIG. 8 shows a concrete example of crushing of an empty can according to the present invention. The movable plate 1 and the fixed plate 2 (neither of the crosspieces 3 on the crushing surface are shown) are arranged facing each other in the horizontal direction with a space so that the empty can 4 can be arranged. When the empty can 4 is loaded from an empty can input port (not shown), the empty can 4 is guided onto a gutter-shaped empty can holding base 5 fixed horizontally between the movable plate 1 and the fixed plate 2.
One end of the empty can holding base 5 is fixed to the fixed plate 2, and a gap A is formed between the empty can holding base 5 and the fixed plate 2 for forming a discharge port 7 for the empty can after being crushed. The other end of the empty can support 5 penetrates the movable plate 1 slidably. The movable plate 1 is provided with a notch 6 into which the empty can support 5 can be fitted.

The movable plate 1 is held by the wire 13 and follows the movement of the wire 13. Two or more guide rods 12 are fitted in the movable plate 1 in order to prevent the movable plate 1 from swinging during movement. The wire 13 has one end connected to the pulley 10 and then wound around the pulley 10 by a length corresponding to the moving amount of the movable plate 1, and the wire 13 is held in the middle of the movable plate 1 via the pulleys 10a and 10b. The other end is connected to the pulley 10 via the pulley 10c. Because it is configured like this,
The rotation of the pulley 10 causes the wire 13 to move the movable plate 1 toward and away from the fixed plate 2 along the guide rod 12.

The pulley 10 is fixed to both ends of a drive shaft 11 having a gear 9e inserted in the middle thereof, and the gear 9 is attached to the output shaft of the motor 8 and the gear 9a successively meshed with the gear 9.
It is decelerated by 9b, 9c and 9d.

Since the above-described embodiment of the present invention is constructed as described above, first, the empty can 4 which is inserted from the empty can input port (not shown) is guided onto the empty can holding base 5. Next, by operating the motor 8, the gears 9, 9a, 9b, 9
The pulley 10 is rotated through c, 9d, and 9e, the wire 13 wound around the pulley 10 is unwound, and the other end side of the wire 13 is wound up. Therefore, the wire 13
The movable plate 1 held in the direction of approaching the fixed plate 2. Since the circular end surface of the empty can 4 is pushed by the thin crosspiece 3, it is crushed by an extremely large concentrated crushing force per unit area. Further, the circular end surface of the empty can 4 on the side of the crosspiece 3 that is being crushed is deformed by the concentrated crushing force of the crosspiece 3 so that each of the crosspieces 3 is held, so that the empty can 4 that is being crushed does not jump upward. It can be prevented. After the empty can 4 is completely crushed, the movable plate 1 is separated from the fixed plate 2 by reversing the motor 8. At this time, the crushed and flattened empty can 4 ′ drops downward from the discharge port 7.

[0038]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is constructed as described above, a large concentrated crushing force per unit area acts on the end surface of an empty can via a thin crosspiece, so that crushing is likely to occur and The total crushing force required for crushing is less than half that of the conventional one, and energy costs can be reduced. Further, since the empty can is crushed in the longitudinal axis direction and in parallel between the planes orthogonal to the axis, no force component force is applied, so that the components to be strongly manufactured in the device manufacturing are the movable plate and the fixed plate. It is good enough, it is easy to design, and the manufacturing cost is low.

Further, by forming the crosspiece in a cross shape, a Y shape, a parallel crosspiece, or a lattice shape, the contact between the crosspiece and the end surface of the empty can can be balanced, and the crushing can be ensured.

Furthermore, when the movable plate is moved by a wire, there is an advantage that the entire apparatus can be downsized.

Further, in the present invention, since the empty can is crushed in the direction of its longitudinal axis, the shape of the can after crushing becomes a flat circular shape and becomes stable, and there is a problem that the pull tab portion of the can projects. In addition, there is no danger of holding the can after crushing, and the bulk of the crushed product is reduced. On the other hand, when the empty can is crushed in the direction orthogonal to its longitudinal axis (horizontal direction of the can), the projected area of the can after crushing is larger than the above case, and the shape of the can is also larger. It is irregular and not stable, cracks occur in the pull tab portion during the crushing process and it is dangerous to travel to the outside, and even if crushing is performed with a crosspiece intervening, the crosspiece locally hits the peripheral surface of the can, etc. However, the effect of the crosspiece cannot be expected so much.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which a movable plate has a crosspiece.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of an embodiment of the present invention having a crosspiece on a fixing plate.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which a movable plate and a fixed plate both have crosspieces.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a crushing surface having a cross-shaped bar on a movable plate (fixed plate).

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a crushing surface having a Y-shaped bar on a movable plate (fixed plate).

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a crushing surface having a plurality of parallel bars on a movable plate (fixed plate).

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a crushed surface having a grid-shaped crosspiece on a movable plate (fixed plate).

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of an empty can crushing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a crushing surface having a movable plate (fixed plate) with several parallel inclined bars.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a crushed surface having a tilted lattice surface on a movable plate (fixed plate).

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a movable plate and a fixed plate, which have crushed portions having inclined lattice planes and face each other with a phase difference of 90 °.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 movable plate 2 fixed plate 3, 3 ', 3 "bar 4, 4' empty can 5 empty can holder 7 discharge port 8 motor 9, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e gear 10, 10a, 10b, 10c pulley 11 Drive shaft 12 Guide rod 13 Wire

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A pair of a fixed plate and a movable plate, which face the circular end surfaces of an empty can having circular end surfaces at both ends and which form an empty can housing space therebetween, and the fixed plate and the movable plate approach each other. An empty can crushing device for crushing an empty can disposed between the fixed plate and the movable plate by driving the fixed plate and the movable plate so as to approach each other, An empty can crushing device, characterized in that a crushing surface is formed by fixing a crosspiece of a size sufficient to cover the circular end surface of the empty can to the surface of at least one of the fixed plate and the movable plate facing the empty can. . 2. The empty can crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the surfaces of the fixed plate and the movable plate which do not have the crosspieces are flat. 3. The empty can crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crosspiece on the crushing surface has a cross shape. 4. The empty can crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crosspiece on the crushing surface is Y-shaped. 5. The empty can crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crosspiece on the crushing surface comprises several parallel crosspieces. 6. The empty can crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crosspiece on the crushing surface has a lattice shape. 7. The fixed plate and the movable plate are arranged to face each other in a horizontal direction, and an empty can holder is horizontally arranged between them.
3. A guide means for guiding the horizontal movement of the movable plate with respect to the fixed plate is provided, and a discharge opening for the crushed empty can is formed in the empty can holding base in the vicinity of the fixed plate. The empty can crushing device according to any one of 3, 4, 5, and 6.