JPH09135920A - Condensed fire extinguishing liquid and method of using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively use water for fire extinguishing liquid, to make it easier to store and carry the fire extinguishing liquid, and to remove the remaining fire extinguishing liquid after the fire is extinguished more easily by making the fire extinguishing liquid condensed with ingredients in a prescribed ratio. SOLUTION: In order to obtain condensed fire extinguishing liquid, 45-93 pts.wt. of water, 56-96 pts.wt. of monometahnolamine and 100 pts.wt. of phosphoric acid is mixed and reacted. The mixture within the range of that composition is adjusted to be pH 3-6 at need, and, further, 0.3-12 pts.wt. of a surfactant is added at need. This fire extinguishing liquid is diluted to 1.2-18 pts.vol. based on 200 pts.vol. of water for use. With such fire extinguishing liquid, a fire can be effectively extinguished with a small amount of water, and loss of water can be significantly reduced. Since this fire extinguishing liquid hardly bubbles when used, the remaining liquid can be more easily treated after extinguishing a fire, more easily stored and carried, and adverse effects on the environment or human body can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention can efficiently extinguish a fire with a small amount of water, remarkably reduce water loss, and hardly generate bubbles during use. Therefore, the treatment of the residual fire extinguishing liquid after use can be simplified. Concentrated fire extinguishing liquid and method of using the same. Further, the present invention has good storability, is convenient for transportation, is easy to dilute in water, and can reduce the amount of fire extinguishing agents other than water to be added at the time of use. The present invention also relates to a concentrated fire-extinguishing solution suitable for extinguishing outdoor fires such as forest fires, and its use method, which has a minimal adverse effect.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Currently, the number of types of fire combustion products is increasing, and in general, radiant spray of fresh water or radiative use of various powder-based or foam-based fire-extinguishing agents, as well as solid-state fire extinguishing in water. It is known to use solid fire-extinguishing agents, which have been pulverized so as to be easily dissolved and then mixed and dissolved. Recently, fire extinguishing agents composed of monoethanolamine and phosphoric acid have been studied.

[0003]

However, in the case of spraying fresh water, especially for extinguishing fires on multi-story buildings such as high-rise buildings and condominiums, since a large amount of water is used, it may cause fires on lower floors and the like. To the part that is not directly related,
Water scattering, outflow, and water leakage often result in so-called water damage, which causes a great deal of damage. This is a common problem that applies not only to multi-storey buildings but also to ordinary houses.
In addition, until now, most of them except for some have relied on fire extinguishing using fresh water, and for this reason, there are housing fires with poor water access, earthquake disasters, forest fires, etc.
It was necessary to use limited water efficiently.

Further, although powder-type and foam-type fire-extinguishing agents have a greater fire-extinguishing ability than water, they are more expensive than water, and most of them are focused on use in special cases such as complex and aircraft fires. Was there. In addition, regarding solid fire extinguishing agents, when a large-scale fire such as a forest fire occurs, the solid fire extinguishing agents are crushed to dissolve easily in water and then mixed and dissolved. Although it is sprayed and used, there is a problem that a device for dissolving solid matter is required and the operation is complicated, which is not necessarily practical.

In addition to the above-mentioned problems when extinguishing fires, as problems after extinguishing fires, in the case of fresh water, it is possible to recover dryness by leaving it for a certain period of time. As a result of focusing only on the fire extinguishing ability of the extinguishing agents of the above, it is a major issue to respond after extinguishing, that is, to remove the extinguishing agents including foam extinguishing agents, especially for extinguishing agents with good foaming properties. In addition, a considerable amount of water was required to remove it by washing with water, and there were problems in cleaning up after extinguishing, and in terms of time, labor, and cost for that, disposing after extinguishing.

[0006] Furthermore, regarding the fire extinguishing agent having a composition consisting of monoethanolamine and phosphoric acid, which has been recently studied,
Already, JP-B-58-58107 or JP-B-52-
Known as No. 37319, all of them have a large content of fire-extinguishing agent in the used state, and since they promote foaming, a great deal of time and effort is required in the work of removing the residual agent after extinguishing the fire. In addition to requiring time, there is a problem that when used outdoors, its toxicity has a considerable effect on the natural environment.

[0007]

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently extinguish a fire with a small amount of water, and to significantly reduce water loss.
Furthermore, it is a first object to develop a concentrated fire extinguishing liquid that hardly generates bubbles during use and can simplify the treatment of the residual fire extinguishing liquid after use, and a method of using the same.
Further, the present invention has good storability, is convenient to carry, is easy to dilute in water, and can suppress the content of the extinguishing agent other than water at the time of use, thereby making it possible to reduce the natural environment. To develop a concentrated fire-extinguishing liquid and a method of using it, which has a minimal adverse effect on humans and the human body and is also suitable for use in fire fighting activities outdoors such as forest fires.
The purpose of.

That is, the present invention is specifically a concentration obtained by mixing and reacting 45:93 parts by weight of water and 56:96 parts by weight of monoethanolamine with 100 parts by weight of a phosphoric acid component. Regarding fire extinguishing liquid.

Further, in the present invention, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the phosphoric acid component, 45:93 parts by weight of water and 56-96 parts by weight of monoethanolamine are mixed and reacted, and pH: 3-in the above composition. It also relates to a concentrated fire-extinguishing solution obtained by adjusting to the range of 6.

Further, in the present invention, water: 45 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96 parts by weight are mixed and reacted with 100 parts by weight of a phosphoric acid component, and further a surfactant: 0.3. It also relates to a concentrated fire extinguishing solution obtained by adding ~ 12 parts by weight.

Further, in the present invention, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the phosphoric acid component, 45 to 93 parts by weight of water and 56 to 96 parts by weight of monoethanolamine are mixed and reacted, and pH: 3 to within the above composition. The present invention also relates to a concentrated fire extinguishing solution obtained by adjusting the amount to 6 and further adding 0.3 to 12 parts by weight of a surfactant.

The present invention further provides a concentrated fire-extinguishing solution obtained by mixing and reacting 100 parts by weight of phosphoric acid component with 45 to 93 parts by weight of water and 56 to 96 parts by weight of monoethanolamine. The present invention also relates to a method of using a concentrated fire extinguishing solution, which is used by diluting to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume with respect to 200 parts by volume of water.

Further, in the present invention, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the phosphoric acid component, 45 to 93 parts by weight of water and 56 to 96 parts by weight of monoethanolamine are mixed and reacted to give a pH of 3 to 10 in the above composition. Concentrated fire extinguishing liquid adjusted to the range of 6,
The present invention also relates to a method of using a concentrated fire extinguishing solution, which is used by diluting to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume with respect to 200 parts by volume of water.

Further, in the present invention, water: 45 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96 parts by weight are mixed and reacted with 100 parts by weight of a phosphoric acid component, and a surfactant: 0.3 A concentrated fire-extinguishing solution obtained by adding ˜12 parts by weight is diluted to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume with respect to 200 parts by volume of water. It also concerns.

Further, in the present invention, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the phosphoric acid component, 45 to 93 parts by weight of water and 56 to 96 parts by weight of monoethanolamine are mixed and reacted, and pH: 3 to within the above composition. A concentrated fire-extinguishing solution obtained by adjusting the range of 6 and further adding 0.3 to 12 parts by weight of a surfactant is diluted to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume with respect to 200 parts by volume of water and used. The present invention also relates to a method of using the concentrated fire-extinguishing solution characterized by the above.

Further, in the present invention, also in the method of using the concentrated fire-extinguishing liquid to which the above-mentioned surfactant is added, the diluted liquid is a low foaming test based on the detailed rules for foam extinguishing agents of the Japan Fire Fighting Test Association, and the expansion coefficient is Is less than 3 times and 25% reduction time is 3
It also relates to a method of using the concentrated fire-extinguishing liquid, which is characterized by being 0 seconds or less.

By using the above concentrated fire-extinguishing liquid in the method of use according to the present invention, it is easy to dilute it into water, and the fire-extinguishing ability is improved as compared with the case of using water alone, and at the same time, almost no bubbles are generated. Furthermore, the amount of extinguishing agent other than water used can be reduced. As a result, water loss is significantly reduced, it is easy to remove the fire extinguishing liquid that has scattered, spilled, or leaked to the non-fire area, and is less toxic.The residual extinguishing liquid is compared after extinguishing even when used outdoors such as in forest fires. It is quickly removed by a very small amount of rainwater, and the adverse effects on the natural environment and the human body can be reduced as much as possible.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The specific contents of the present invention will be described below. In the present invention, a limited amount of water is used in order to efficiently use limited water for extinguishing a fire and to facilitate dilution into water. Phosphoric acid, water, monoethanolamine materials, and optionally specified amounts of surfactants are used. That is, assuming that 100% phosphoric acid is used, phosphoric acid: 100
Water: 45-93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56-96 parts by weight are mixed and reacted with respect to parts by weight, and if necessary, the extinguishing performance for water is maintained and the adverse effect on the environment is maintained. To reduce the p
In order to adjust the range of H3 to 6 and to further improve the permeability of the fire extinguishing liquid to the fire part, if necessary, a surfactant: 0.3 to 12 parts by weight is added to form a concentrated fire extinguishing liquid. obtain.

Further, as described above, the concentrated fire-extinguishing solution is usually stored in this state from the viewpoints of storability and transportability. In order to reduce the amount of the extinguishant used and to simplify the treatment of the residual extinguishing liquid after use, the concentrated extinguishing liquid is diluted to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume with respect to 200 parts by volume of water.
Furthermore, the concentrated fire extinguishing liquid added with a surfactant has a low expansion rate in a low foaming test based on the detailed regulations of the fire extinguishing chemicals verification test of the Japan Fire Fighting Test Association so that the foam disappears quickly after use. It is more preferable to adjust and use the composition within the above-mentioned composition and the dilution range so that the reduction time is 3 times or less and the 25% reduction time is 30 seconds or less.

Example 1 In this example, phosphoric acid (100
%) And monoethanolamine (hereinafter abbreviated as MEA) 56 and 96 parts by weight, and the amount of water is 35%.
The application state when changing to ~ 110 parts by weight was examined.
This concentrated fire-extinguishing liquid usually consists of the specified amount of phosphoric acid, MEA and water in the concentrated state. Although this concentrated fire extinguishing liquid is diluted before use, it does not mean that the amount of water in the concentrated fire extinguishing liquid can be any amount, and the results of experiments have revealed that an optimum amount is required. .

That is, at the time of use, it is necessary to extract a specified amount of this concentrated fire extinguishing liquid and mix it with water, and for that purpose, a certain degree of viscosity or less is required. In this example, this mixer was examined by using a gear pump (manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Co., Ltd.) that can be easily diluted with water. The experiment was carried out at a temperature of -20 ° C at which the viscosity was particularly high. According to the experiment, it was found that the amount of outflow from the pump decreased sharply even if the amount of water added was too large or, conversely, too small. The following shows the relationship between MEA and water at -20 ° C.

(Parts by weight of water) (Parts by weight of MEA) 35 45 70 93 93 110 56 △ ○ ○ △ × 96 × △ ○ ○ × In the table, “△” indicates that there is no problem in practical use, but the pump flow rate changes. In addition, "X" is in a range where it cannot be actually used, and "○" is practically no problem. From the above results, phosphoric acid 100
It was found that the amount of water added was in the range of 45 to 93 parts by weight relative to the parts by weight and the MEA of 56 to 96 parts by weight, in order to facilitate the work of diluting with water.

[Embodiment 2] In this embodiment, the amount of water added is 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, and MEA is added in an amount of 50 parts by weight.
Change within the range of H2.5 to 6.5 (only at pH 2.5 and 6.5, the amount of water added was 45 and 95, respectively).
Parts by weight). As the surfactant, commonly used shampoo or other obazoline LB (manufactured by Toho Kagaku Co., Ltd.) was added, and 3 parts by weight of this was added to obtain a concentrated fire extinguishing solution. This concentrated fire extinguishing liquid is mixed so that the mixing ratio with respect to 200 parts by volume of water is 2.5 parts by volume, and the mixture is specified by the Japan Fire Fighting Association.
A fire extinguishing efficiency experiment based on pH change was conducted using a fire model. The following table shows the efficiency when the pH is changed in the above concentrated fire extinguishing liquid composition, when the efficiency in extinguishing water only is 1.

Concentrated fire extinguishing solution pH 2.5 3.0 4.0 4.0 6.0 6.5 Effectiveness 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.1 As described above, in the case of pH 6.5. Since it has almost the same efficiency as the case of using water only, it cannot be expected to be very effective.
On the other hand, as the pH decreases, its efficiency also increases. In fact, in the case of pH 2.5, the efficiency is about twice as high as that in the case of using water only. However, according to the experience so far, a strong acid of pH 2.5 is not practical even though it is a concentrated fire extinguishing solution. In terms of efficiency, p
Since H6.5 is almost the same as water, the practical pH of the concentrated fire extinguishing solution was found to be within the range of 3 to 6.

[Embodiment 3] In the present embodiment, the composition of the concentrated fire extinguishing liquid similar to that of Embodiment 2 shows the fire extinguishing efficiency when the dilution amount is changed and the pH is concretely used. It is the table below. As can be seen from the table, when the efficiency when only water is used is set to 1, when the dilution amount is reduced (the amount of concentrated fire extinguishing liquid added is increased), almost 1 part by volume is almost 200 parts by volume of water. Like water, it does not show the effect as a fire extinguishing agent, but when it exceeds 1.2 parts by volume, the effect comes to be seen. From the above results, the dilution amount is 2
It has been found that 1.2 parts by volume or more is necessary with respect to 00 parts by volume.

Addition amount 0 (water) 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.6 3.0 Efficiency rate 1 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.8

Example 4 In this example, in the composition of the concentrated fire extinguishing solution of Example 3, the dilution ratio was set to 1.3 parts by volume of the concentrated extinguishing solution to 200 parts by volume of water, and the amount of the surfactant added was changed. The fire extinguishing efficiency when changed was examined. The table below is a comparison of fire extinguishing efficiency depending on the amount of surfactant added, where the extinguishing efficiency when no surfactant is added is 1. As can be seen from the table, the effect is seen from the case where 0.3 part by weight of the surfactant is added. Therefore, if the amount of the surfactant added is 0.3 part by weight or more, the fire extinguishing efficiency is further improved. I found out that

Addition amount 0 0.2 0.3 2.0 Effectiveness 1 About 1.0 1.1 1.2

[Embodiment 5] In this embodiment, a test was conducted based on the detailed rules for the test of foam extinguishing agents of the Japan Testing Institute.
The test method was based on the composition of the concentrated fire extinguishing liquid of Example 3, and the expansion rate was 3 times or less and the 25% reduction time was 30 seconds or less depending on the changes in the content of the surfactant and the dilution amount in the concentrated fire extinguishing liquid. The conditions were examined, and the examination results are as shown in the table below. In this case, the amount of the surfactant is the amount of the additive contained in the concentrated fire extinguishing liquid, and the unit is parts by weight. The dilution amount means the amount of the concentrated fire extinguishing liquid added to 200 parts by volume of water, and the unit in this case is shown by volume part.

When the coefficient of expansion is 3 times or less and the 25% reduction time is 30 seconds or less, when this is actually sprayed on the surface of the test wood and then water is sprinkled on the surface, the foam immediately foams. Disappeared, and it was clarified that there is no problem in practically removing the extinguishant. In the table below (-
−) Represents an untested part.

(Amount of Surfactant) 4 8 12 16 Rare 3 − − ○ ○ × Dilution 10 ○ − − − − × Amount 18 − − ○ ○ − − 24 − − × − − × From the above results, extinguishing the fire Regarding the removal of the extinguishant afterwards, the amount of the surfactant to be added and the amount of dilution so as not to be a practical problem is 12% by weight with respect to the concentrated extinguishing liquid as the surfactant. It was understood that the amount of dilution was 18 parts by volume or less with respect to 200 parts by volume of water.

[0032]

As is clear from the results of the above-mentioned respective examples, water: 45-
93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96 parts by weight are mixed and reacted, and if necessary, pH is adjusted to a range of 3 to 6 in the above composition, and further, a surfactant: 0.3 to It is a concentrated fire extinguishing solution obtained by adding 12 parts by weight, and this concentrated extinguishing solution is added to 200 parts by volume of water.
Concentrated fire extinguishing liquid diluted to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume and further added with a surfactant is used in a low foaming test based on the detailed rules for the test of foam extinguishing agents of the Japan Fire Defense Testing Association, if necessary. , Expansion rate is 3 times or less, and 25% reduction time is 30
Since it is used by adjusting within the above composition and within the dilution range so as to be less than a second, efficient fire extinguishing can be performed with a small amount of water, water loss is significantly reduced, and bubbles are hardly generated during use, and The treatment of the residual fire extinguishing liquid after use can be simplified.

Since it is a concentrated type, it does not require much space for storage, is convenient for transportation, has excellent handleability, and can be diluted easily with water. Further, it is generally used when used. Compared to existing fire extinguishing liquids, the amount of fire extinguishing agents other than water added can be kept low, so toxicity is low and adverse effects on the natural environment and humans are minimal, making it suitable for outdoor use such as forest fires. We were able to obtain a concentrated fire extinguishing liquid and its usage. Although not shown in this example, if the effective use of water, the performance of removing the residual fire extinguishing liquid after use, and the adverse effect on the natural environment and the human body are taken into consideration, which is the purpose of the present invention, The use of additives other than those in the examples, or surfactants is also sufficiently possible.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A phosphoric acid component: 100 parts by weight, and water: 4
5 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96
Concentrated fire extinguishing solution obtained by mixing and reacting with parts by weight. 2. A phosphoric acid component: 100 parts by weight, and water: 4
5 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96
By mixing and reacting with parts by weight, pH: 3 in the above composition
Concentrated fire-extinguishing solution characterized by being adjusted to a range of ~ 6. 3. Phosphoric acid component: 100 parts by weight, water: 4
5 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96
By mixing and reacting with parts by weight, a surfactant: 0.3 to
Concentrated fire extinguishing solution obtained by adding 12 parts by weight. 4. A phosphoric acid component: 100 parts by weight, and water: 4
5 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96
By mixing and reacting with parts by weight, pH: 3 in the above composition
Adjusted to the range of ~ 6, and further surfactant: 0.3-12
A concentrated fire extinguishing solution obtained by adding 1 part by weight. 5. A phosphoric acid component: 100 parts by weight, and water: 4
5 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96
The concentrated fire extinguishing liquid obtained by mixing and reacting with 1 part by weight of water is mixed with water 2
A method for using a concentrated fire-extinguishing solution, characterized in that it is diluted to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume with respect to 00 parts by volume. 6. A phosphoric acid component: 100 parts by weight with respect to water: 4
5 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96
By mixing and reacting with parts by weight, pH: 3 in the above composition
A concentrated fire-extinguishing solution adjusted to a range of 6 to 6 is used by diluting it to 1.2-18 parts by volume with respect to 200 parts by volume of water. 7. A phosphoric acid component: 100 parts by weight, and water: 4
5 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96
By mixing and reacting with parts by weight, a surfactant: 0.3 to
The concentrated fire extinguishing solution obtained by adding 12 parts by weight was added to water 200
A method for using a concentrated fire-extinguishing solution, which is used by diluting to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume with respect to a volume part. 8. A phosphoric acid component: 100 parts by weight, and water: 4
5 to 93 parts by weight and monoethanolamine: 56 to 96
By mixing and reacting with parts by weight, pH: 3 in the above composition
Adjusted to the range of ~ 6, and further surfactant: 0.3-12
A concentrated fire-extinguishing solution obtained by adding 1 part by weight is diluted to 1.2 to 18 parts by volume with respect to 200 parts by volume of water and used. 9. A low-foaming test based on the foam fire extinguishing agent's test rules of the Japan Fire Fighting Test Association, wherein the diluted liquid has a coefficient of expansion of 3 times or less and a 25% reduction time of 30 seconds or less. The method of using the concentrated fire-extinguishing liquid according to claim 7 or 8.