JPH09128672A - Disaster preventing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a disaster preventing system whereby the respective systems of security, building management and air-conditioning and information can be shared and high reliability is kept without causing cost-up. SOLUTION: Independent first networks are formed in every area by a first loop transmission path so as to execute supervisory controlling by a distribution processing system, the first networks are loop-connected by the second loop transmission path LP2, the both end nodes of the second loop transmission path is connected by the third loop transmission path LP3 so as to realize a duplex loop conversion equivalently and the whole loss of system functions is prevented so that extremely high reliability is kept. Thus, contribution to the cost-down is enabled compared with a simple transmission path duplexing. Moreover, ATM(asynchronous transfer mode) exchanges 10-1 (1) to 10-1 (N) for executing asynchronizing transfer to the respective nodes forming such topologies are used so that the respective systems of security, building management and air-conditioning and information can be shared.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disaster prevention system suitable for use in, for example, large-scale buildings such as ultra-high-rise buildings or large-scale underground malls.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the increase in size and complexity of buildings and the intelligentization of facilities, in response to this, advanced information is required to obtain higher safety and reliability in disaster prevention systems. The optimized distributed processing method has been put to practical use. Here, an example of the disaster prevention system based on the distributed processing method will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a receiver, which carries out data communication with relay boards 2-1 to 2-3 (described later) which are provided as nodes on the loop trunk line L according to a predetermined protocol, and these relay boards 2-1 to 2-1.
-3 predicts the occurrence of a fire based on the state data (packet data) supplied from -3, and issues a fire alarm when the fire level exceeds a predetermined value. In addition to such a fire alarm, the receiver 1 also sends and receives voice data via a function of monitoring and controlling a gas leak alarm, smoke prevention, fire door, etc., and a handset attached to the relay boards 2-1 to 2-3. It also has the ability to send and receive.

Relay boards 2-1 to 2-3 are local area network (LAN) nodes interconnected via loop trunk lines L, respectively, and are connected to other nodes / receivers 1 according to a predetermined protocol. Has a communication control unit for controlling the data communication of the device and a transfer unit for transferring and outputting according to the outputs of various sensors provided on its own transmission line D, and each time it obtains its own access right It is configured to packetize state data. In the relay board 2 arranged on each floor, the thermal analog sensor S1 and the smoke analog sensor S2 are directly connected via the transmission path D, and a plurality of fire alarm bells B are provided by interposing relays. , Fire door DR and general sensor SENS are connected.

According to such a system, the receiver 1 and the relay boards 2-1 to 2-3 are each provided with an independent power supply system (including a standby power supply) to realize function distribution and power supply distribution. , For example, a relay trunk line L has a failure and relay board 2
-1 and the relay board 2-2 are disconnected, this line fault is recognized by the receiver 1 and each of the relay boards 2-1 to 2-3 based on the node link information. The route to the relay board 2-1 and the receiver 1 to the relay boards 2-3, 2-
It is possible to maintain a system function by securing a transmission path divided into a path leading up to 2. Further, for example, when the receiver 1 goes down, the relay boards 2-1 to 2-3 individually function and cooperate with each other to prevent loss of system function.

[0005]

Now, as disaster prevention targets become larger and more complex, it is necessary to maintain high reliability while making the above disaster prevention system more complicated. The same can be said for each of the "security", "building management", and "air conditioning" systems that coexist with the disaster prevention system. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the reliability of each system by making the equipment redundant or by forming the information transmission path into a double loop. There is a waste such as laying a path for each system, it is difficult to maintain consistency between the systems, and such an economic loss is not small, which causes a cost increase. Therefore, the possibility of integrating and merging "security", "building management", or "air conditioning" under centralized information is now being studied, focusing on disaster prevention technology.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and can share information with each system of "security", "building management" or "air conditioning", and has high reliability without inviting cost increase. The purpose is to realize a disaster prevention system that can maintain

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the invention as set forth in claim 1, a plurality of distributed processing means for generating status information according to the outputs of various sensing means to monitor the presence or absence of an abnormality. And a first exchanging means provided in a predetermined node of a first loop transmission line that connects these distributed processing means in a ring and transfers the state information in an asynchronous transfer mode, and via the first exchanging means. And a first monitoring control means for monitoring and controlling the plurality of distributed processing means according to the received status information, and the first monitoring control means is arranged in a plurality of areas.
Network and the second loop transmission line that connects the first switching means included in the first network with each other in a ring shape, and the state occurs in the first network. A second switching means for transferring information in the asynchronous transfer mode, and a second monitoring control means for monitoring and controlling the first network according to status information received via the second switching means. The second network includes a third loop transmission line formed by connecting second switching means provided at nodes at least at both ends of the second loop transmission line. The feature is that a double loop is formed equivalently.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, which depends on the first aspect, the first and second exchange means transfer ATM state information in various modes relating to crime prevention, disaster prevention, building management and air conditioning. Is characterized in that. Also,
In the invention according to claim 3, when a failure occurs in the first to third loop transmission lines, the first and second networks independently and independently reconfigure the network configuration. It is characterized by sustaining supervisory control.

According to the present invention, a first network independent for each region is formed by the first loop transmission line to monitor and control by a distributed processing system, and the first network is formed by the second loop transmission line. While loop-connecting, by connecting both end nodes of this second loop transmission line with the third loop transmission line, a dual loop is realized equivalently, preventing complete loss of system function, It is possible to maintain extremely high reliability, which allows
Since the length of the transmission line to be laid can be reduced by half a loop as compared with simply duplicating the transmission line, it can contribute to cost reduction. Furthermore, since ATM switches that perform asynchronous transfer are used for each node that forms such a topology, multimedia compatible data transfer is realized, and conventional "security", "building management", or "air conditioning" systems and information are realized. Can be shared, and it is possible to centrally monitor and control without waste.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The disaster prevention system according to the present invention can be applied to wide-area disaster prevention for monitoring a large-scale building, a large-scale underground mall, a plurality of dwellings, and the like. In the following, a disaster prevention system applied to an ultra-high-rise building proposed as a future concept will be described as an example, and this will be described with reference to the drawings.

A. Configuration of Embodiment Transmission Mode FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a disaster prevention system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, 10 is an ATM switch installed in each node, 11 is a disaster prevention monitoring board that exchanges data blocks in cell units with a disaster prevention distributed processing board 12 (described later) via the ATM switch 10, and these constituent elements 10 to 12 constitute the following transmission mode (topology). That is, on each floor of the super high-rise building,
ATM switches 10-1 (1) to (N), 10-2 (1)
, (N) are each used as a node, and a plurality of disaster prevention distributed processing boards 12, ...
P1 (1) to LP1 (N) are formed. Further, ATM switches 10-1 (1) to (N), 1 on each floor 1 to N are further provided.
0-2 (1) to (N) and ATM exchanges 10-B, 1
A second loop transmission line LP2 that connects 0-T so as to circulate using, for example, a feed line is formed, and
A third loop transmission line LP3 is formed by connecting the ATM exchanges 10-B and 10-T.

Structure of ATM Switch 10 Next, the above-mentioned first to third loop transmission lines LP1 to LP3
The configuration of the ATM exchange 10 installed in the above will be described. The ATM switch 10 includes first to third optical fibers.
Via the loop transmission lines LP1 to LP3 of
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) information is exchanged in units of cells (described later) at a bit rate of Mbps. The ATM exchange is premised on the use of a high-quality transmission line such as an optical fiber transmission line having a low code error rate, and does not perform an error check for each cell (digitized information block of a fixed length), The hardware switch capable of directly operating at high speed is exchange-connected, and therefore the operating speed of the semiconductor switch, that is, several hundreds
Exchange connection is possible even with a signal of a bit rate of Mbps or more, and by using such ATM exchange technology, so-called multimedia compatible information transfer such as data, document, voice and image becomes possible.

Now, referring to FIG. 2, the ATM exchange 10
Will be described. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10a denotes a communication control unit, which time-divisionally controls the setting and release of the connection path in the ATM switch unit 10b described later. ATM
In the switch unit 10b, crossing switches are arranged in a matrix (so-called unit input switches of 2 inputs and 2 outputs are cascaded in multiple stages), and input ports and outputs to be connected according to an instruction from the communication control unit 10a. The signal supplied to the input port is output to the specified output port by closing the switch at the intersection of the ports. That is, each unit switch selects a route one after another according to the number in the header of the cell and sends the cell to the designated output port.

The cross switch need not be a switch that physically closes and opens (turns on and off),
For example, the connection relationship between the input port and the output port is stored in a table provided in the memory, and virtual address information of the header part of the packet in the information to be transmitted,
It is configured to match the contents of the connection table and deliver it to the appropriate output port. When exchanging information, each cell is delivered to the designated output port according to the virtual address information in the header of the cell. However, if the connection table is referenced for each cell, it takes too much time to transfer the cells in the node, and the high speed cannot be obtained. Therefore, the switch hardware autonomously checks the header part and sends the cell to the output port. Is the way to send. That is, the address bits handled by each of the intersection switches arranged in a matrix are examined, and cells are sent to the next intersection switch or output port according to "1" or "0". In this way, the ATM cells that have entered the input port are transferred to the output port, so that the cells in the node are transferred at extremely high speed.

Input / output interface units 10c-1 to 10c-n are provided with predetermined data of exchange target information so as to give a command for an intersection switch of an input port and an output port to be connected to the ATM switch unit 10b. The number of the cell header is divided into units and added. The disaster prevention monitoring board 11 and the disaster prevention distributed processing board 12 connected to the input / output interface sections 10c-2 to 10c-n have ATM interface sections (not shown) built therein, and the interface sections 10c-2 to 10c-. It is configured to transfer data to and from n in an asynchronous transfer mode.

The ATM exchange uses a 53-byte cell as a data transmission unit with a reciprocal of 125 .mu.s of a voice signal sampling frequency of 8 KHz as a cycle, and a wide area communication BI.
It is easy to connect to SDN and has good compatibility with telephone lines. For example, when an audio signal is transmitted by the frame relay, the time interval of the signal of one communication channel changes. Therefore, when such a variation in the time interval is reproduced on the receiving side, it causes deterioration of the quality of voice. On the other hand, in the B-ISDN used by ATM, the transmission speed of UNI (user / network interface) is very high, so even if there is a change in the time interval, its absolute value can be made very small and the voice quality Deterioration can be prevented. Therefore, in the case of the present embodiment, A connected to the third loop transmission line LP3
The TM switch 10-B can be connected to an ATM public line such as B-ISDN, and can be connected to other external systems very easily.

Disaster prevention monitoring board 11 and disaster prevention distributed processing board 1
2. Structure of the disaster prevention monitoring board 11 is the first through the ATM switch 10 under the instruction of the control unit composed of CPU, ROM and RAM.
, 12 and a plurality of disaster prevention distributed processing boards 12, ..., 12 installed in the loop transmission line LP1 of each of them are received in the asynchronous transfer mode, and each processing board 12, ..., 12 is under the jurisdiction of each based on the received cell contents. While determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the area, the result is displayed on a CRT or printed out. Further, the disaster prevention monitoring board 11 is provided with a large-capacity external storage device such as a magnetic disk, and stores an execution file group and control data necessary for system operation, or a history of automatic test results performed at predetermined intervals.

As shown in FIG. 1, the disaster prevention monitoring board 11 has two systems, A system and B system, respectively connected to the ATM exchanges 10-1 and 10-2 on each floor, and both systems are always connected. Be put into a running state. Then, when one of the disaster prevention monitoring boards 11 goes down, the non-stop system operation control is performed in which the other disaster prevention monitoring board 11 monitors and controls all the processing boards 12 interposed in the first loop transmission line LP1. It Therefore, the external storage device of the disaster prevention monitoring board 11 is used as a so-called mirror disk in which information having the same content as that of the other party is always registered.

On the other hand, the disaster prevention distributed processing board 12 is an ATM-LAN node interconnected by the first loop transmission line LP1, and cell transfer in an asynchronous transfer mode with another node / monitor board 11 according to a predetermined protocol. And a transfer unit for transferring and outputting status data according to the outputs of various sensors provided on its own transmission path D, and the status data of its own is acquired each time an access right is obtained. It is configured to be cellized and asynchronously transferred. Each processing board 1
In the transmission line D of 2, similar to the conventional disaster prevention system, the well-known thermal analog sensor S, fire alarm bell B, gas alarm G,
A fire door D and a transmitter P with a repeater interposed are connected.

B. Operation of Embodiment Normal Operation Next, a schematic operation of the disaster prevention system having the above-described configuration will be described. In this system, when normal, two systems of disaster prevention monitoring boards 11-NA and 11-NB (N is the number of floors) are provided for each floor and a predetermined distributed disaster prevention processing board 12 through ATM exchanges 10-1 and 10-2. Sends and receives cells in the asynchronous transfer mode to determine whether there is an abnormality in the area under its control. The disaster prevention monitoring boards 11-B and 11-T connected to the ATM exchanges 10-B and 10-T arranged at both end nodes of the second loop transmission line LP2 are ATM-L on each floor.
The presence or absence of an abnormality in the AN, that is, the entire system is monitored.

Operation when a line failure occurs in the first loop transmission line LP1 For example, the first loop transmission line LP laid on the first floor
If a line failure occurs within 1, disaster prevention monitoring board 11-1
A, 11-1B are ATM exchanges 10-1 (1), 10-
Each processing board 12 in asynchronous transfer mode via 2 (1)
After identifying the line failure point based on the contents of the cell sent from the, the transmission line LP1 is disconnected at the failure point,
As a result, the network topology is changed from the original loop (ring) type to the bus type, and each processing board 12 is continuously monitored and controlled.

Operation when the disaster prevention monitoring board 11 loses its function As described above, when one disaster prevention monitoring board 11 goes down, the other disaster prevention monitoring board 11 has the first loop transmission line LP.
All processing boards 12 installed in 1 are monitored and controlled, but when both systems are down, disaster prevention distributed processing board 12
ATM cell switch 1 by individually converting its own status data into cells
The second loop transmission line L via 0-1 or 10-2
ATM exchanges 10-B arranged at both end nodes of P2,
Disaster monitoring boards 11-B, 1 connected to 10-T, respectively
Transfer to 1-T. As a result, even if the disaster prevention monitoring boards 11 of the two systems arranged on each floor lose their functions, it is possible to maintain the monitoring control without impairing the function of the entire system.

Operation when a line failure occurs in the second loop transmission line LP2 In this case, the disaster prevention monitoring boards 11-B and 11-T perform disaster prevention processing on each floor via the ATM exchanges 10-B and 10-T. Board 11
After identifying the line fault point based on the contents of the cell sent from the, the transmission line LP2 is disconnected at the fault point,
As a result, the network topology was changed from the original loop (ring) type to the bus type, and the ATM-
Monitor the LAN for abnormalities. By the way, when a plurality of line faults occur in the second loop transmission line LP2 and the state of the ATM-LAN on each floor cannot be monitored even if the topology of the network is changed to the bus type, the third loop transmission line LP2 2nd via LP3
The state of the ATM-LAN connectable to the loop transmission line LP2 is monitored.

By doing so, for example, even if the transmission system, which is the nerve system of the building equipment, suffers a communication failure such as a partial disconnection due to a large-scale earthquake, the disaster prevention monitoring functioning properly. Board 11 or disaster prevention distributed processing board 12 and AT
By connecting via the M switch 10, it is possible to prevent the complete loss of system functions. Moreover, in the case of the present embodiment, the ATM exchange 10-B is an A-type such as a B-ISDN.
Since it is accessible to the TM public line, it is considered to be able to promptly notify and contact other external systems.

As described above, in the disaster prevention system according to the present embodiment, the first loop transmission line LP1 forms an independent ATM-LAN for each floor to monitor and control the distributed processing system, and the ATM for each floor. -Equivalently realize a double loop by connecting the LAN in a loop by the second loop transmission line LP2 and connecting both end nodes of the second loop transmission line LP2 by the third loop transmission line LP3. As such, it prevents the complete loss of system functionality,
It is possible to maintain extremely high reliability.
In addition, the length of the transmission line to be laid can be reduced by half a loop as compared with simply duplicating the transmission line, which can contribute to cost reduction. Further, since the ATM switch 10 is used for each node forming such a topology, data transfer compatible with multimedia is realized, and therefore, the conventional "security", "building management", or "air conditioning" systems are used. Information can be shared, and it is possible to perform unified monitoring and control without waste.

In this embodiment, only the structure in which the disaster prevention monitoring board 11 and the disaster prevention distributed processing board 12 are provided is disclosed, but the point intended by the present invention is that each node is equipped with the ATM switch 10. 1st-3rd loop transmission lines LP1-L
By providing P3, multimedia compatible data transfer can be realized with high reliability, and as a result, “disaster prevention”, “security”, “building management” and “air conditioning” that were individually present in the past. It is to be able to realize the integration and fusion of each system of. In this embodiment,
Although the disaster prevention system applied to ultra-high-rise buildings proposed as a future concept has been described, the invention is not limited to this, and of course, it is also applied to wide-area disaster prevention that locally monitors a large-scale underground mall or multiple buildings. It is possible.

In this embodiment, ATM exchanges 10-B and B are used.
-I showed an example of connecting with ISDN, but instead of this,
It may be configured to connect to a normal analog public line,
In that case, an ATM terminal adapter is installed between the analog public line and the ATM exchange 10-B. Also, A
It is also possible to adopt a mode in which a ground station linked to a communication satellite is connected to the TM switch 10-T to provide a system configuration that can cope with a large-scale disaster. At this time, the ATM exchange 10-T may be programmed in advance so as to call a designated station via a communication satellite in order to avoid congestion at the time of a large-scale disaster.

[0028]

According to the present invention, an independent first network is formed for each region by the first loop transmission line and is monitored and controlled by a distributed processing system. By connecting both end nodes of this second loop transmission line with the third loop transmission line while making a loop connection by the loop transmission line, a double loop is realized equivalently, so that the system function is perfect. Loss can be prevented and extremely high reliability can be maintained. Also,
As a result, the length of the transmission line to be laid can be reduced by half a loop as compared with the simple duplication of the transmission line, which can contribute to cost reduction. Furthermore, since ATM switches that perform asynchronous transfer are used for each node that forms such a topology, multimedia compatible data transfer is realized, and conventional "security", "building management" or "air conditioning" systems and information are realized. Can be shared and can be centrally monitored and controlled without waste.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an ATM exchange 10 in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 ATM exchanges (first and second exchanges) 11 disaster prevention monitoring board (first and second monitoring control means) 12 disaster prevention distributed processing board (distributed processing means) LP1 first loop transmission line LP2 second loop transmission Line LP3 Third loop transmission line

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of distributed processing means for generating status information according to outputs of various sensing means to monitor whether or not there is an abnormality.
First exchange means provided at a predetermined node of a first loop transmission line that connects these plurality of distributed processing means in a loop, and transfers the status information in an asynchronous transfer mode, and reception via the first exchange means. A first network configured to include a first monitoring control unit that monitors and controls the plurality of distributed processing units according to the status information to be provided, and the first network arranged in a plurality of regions; and the first network included in the first networks. Second switching means, which is provided at at least both ends of the second loop transmission line that connects the switching means in a ring shape, and transfers the status information generated in the first network in the asynchronous transfer mode, A second network comprising a second monitoring control means for monitoring and controlling the first network according to the status information received via the second exchanging means. However, the second network includes a third loop transmission line formed by connecting second switching means provided at nodes at least at both ends of the second loop transmission line, and is equivalently a double loop. Disaster prevention system characterized by forming a. 2. The disaster prevention system according to claim 1, wherein the first and second exchange means are ATM exchanges for transferring status information of various aspects related to crime prevention, disaster prevention, building management and air conditioning. . 3. The first and second networks are
When a failure occurs in the first to third loop transmission lines,
The disaster prevention system according to claim 1, wherein the network form is independently and independently reconstructed to maintain the monitoring control.