JPH09115087A - Necessary traffic time calculating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To calculate the necessary traffic time for a necessary time calculation section from measurement information on a point which is obtained by a vehicle sensor by correcting a calculated necessary time to corrected necessary times for every small section and calculating the necessary time for the necessary time calculation section from the corrected small-section necessary times. SOLUTION: Small-section necessary time calculating means 5-1 and 5-2 calculate the necessary times for small sections 1 and 2 where vehicle sensors 1-1 and 1-2 are installed from point measurement information measured by the vehicle sensors 1-1 and 1-2 installed in the small sections 1 and 2 in the necessary time calculation section on a road. Small-section necessary time correcting means 8-1 and 8-2 corrects the necessary times calculated by the small-section necessary time calculating means 5-1 and 5-2 into the corrected necessary times for the small sections 1 and 2 for every small section 1 and 2. A section necessary time calculating means 9 calculates the necessary time for the necessary time calculation section from the small-section corrected necessary times corrected by the small-section necessary time correcting means 8-1 and 8-2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a traffic required time calculating device used for providing information on a required time of a road section to a vehicle traveling on a road and for controlling, managing or operating road traffic.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Typical conventional methods for calculating the required time of a road section are classified into the following two types. (1) Method using vehicle number matching (2) Method using point measurement information by vehicle detector

A typical example of the method (1) is a vehicle number reading device (AVI: Automatic Vehicle Identification).
There is a required time calculation device that uses System). An example of this device is described in a document ("About travel time measurement using image processing license plate reading" Kenji Kanayama, The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Volume D, Vol. 109, No. 7, 1989). This is to install a vehicle number reading device by image processing at the start point and the end point of the required time calculation section, match the vehicle number at the start point and the end point, and extract the vehicle number of the same number,
This is a method of calculating the required time between the start point and the end point from the vehicle number acquisition time difference between the start point and the end point. In addition to the vehicle number reading device by image processing, a method for calculating the required time based on the difference between the toll gate transit times on the expressway, and roadside communication devices are installed at the start and end points of the road section for calculating the required time. The system of (1) includes a system in which an in-vehicle terminal having the communication function of (1) is run as a probe car to report the vehicle number of the car to each roadside communication device.

As a typical example of the method (2), there is a device for calculating the point speed from the measurement information of the vehicle detector and calculating the required time of the road section from the point speed. An example of this type of device is described in the above-mentioned document “About travel time measurement using image processing license plate reading” and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-1.
No. 14095, “Required time calculation / prediction device”. For example, when the vehicle detectors 1-1 to 1-6 are installed for each small section of the road section for calculating the required time as shown in FIG. The traffic volume is qi [vehicles / 5 minutes], and the occupancy time per 5 minutes, which is the time when the vehicle 19 exists under the sensor 1, is oi.
[Second / 5 minutes], and assuming that the effective vehicle length (see FIG. 15), which is the sum of the average vehicle length and the sensing area, is li [m], the estimated speed v i at the vehicle detector i is vi = l i qi / oi [m / sec] (Equation 1) When the speed is directly measured by the vehicle detector, the speed does not have to be calculated using (Equation 1). The required time ti of the small section i where the vehicle detector 1-i is installed is
By dividing the length Li [m] of the small section i by the point velocity vi, it is calculated that ti = Li / vi [second] (Equation 2). The estimated required time T [seconds] of the road section, which is a collection of small sections, is calculated as T = Σti [second] (Equation 3). Further, in order to reduce the error between the section required time T calculated by the vehicle detector and the actual section required time, section correction coefficients α and β are prepared, and the required time T ^* is calculated using (Equation 4) ^. May be corrected. T ^* = α · T + β [sec] (Equation 4) The correction coefficients α and β are calculated by the least squares method or the least square method so that the difference between the actual measurement required time R [second] and the corrected estimated required time T ^* is minimized. It is obtained using a parameter estimation method such as the absolute deviation minimization method. The time required for actual measurement at time j is Rj (j: 0 to N) [seconds],
Assuming that the estimated required time after correction is T ^* j, the parameters α and β that minimize the sum S of the squares of the error at N time points can be obtained by the least square method as in (Equation 5). S = Σ (Rj-T ^* j) ² (Equation 5) In the absolute deviation minimization method, the parameters α and β that minimize the sum A of the absolute values of the errors can be obtained as in (Equation 6). A = Σ | Rj-T ^* j | (Equation 6)

As a method of calculating the required time of a road section from the point measurement information by the vehicle detector, in addition to the method of calculating the point speed, there is a method described in the literature ("Traveling time prediction method and experiment").
There is also a method called the hourglass model described in Yamaguchi et al., Material for Road Traffic Research of the Institute of Electrical Engineers, RTA-92-18). This method estimates the number of existing vehicles Ei in the small section from the traffic volume qi at the small section i by using (Equation 7) (km: jam density [vehicles / m], a: coefficient [seconds / m]. ), The required time tjam i of the small section at the time of traffic congestion is calculated from (Equation 8) from the number Ei of vehicles existing in the small section. Ei = Li * (km-a * qi) [unit] (Equation 7) tjam i = Ei / qi [Seconds] (Equation 8) When the small section k is not congested, the required time tfreek of the small section is It is calculated by (Equation 9). However, Vf [m / sec] is the traveling speed when there is no traffic. tfree k = Lk / Vf (Equation 9) The estimated time T ^* of the road section, which is a collection of small sections, is (Equation 1
According to 0), it can be obtained by adding the sum of the required time for the small congestion section and the sum of the required time for the non-congested small section. i and k are the section numbers of the congested small section and the non-congested small section, respectively. The distinction between traffic congestion and non-traffic congestion can be performed using the point speed calculated by (Equation 1), such as traffic congestion if the point speed is below a certain threshold value, and non-congestion if it exceeds the threshold value.

[0006]

(Equation 1)

Parameters of the hourglass model km, a, Vf
Is calculated using a parameter estimation method such as a least square method or an absolute deviation minimization method so that the difference between the actually measured required time R [seconds] and the estimated required time T ^* is minimized. Assuming that the actual measurement required time at time j is Rj (j: 0 to N) [seconds], in the least squares method, the parameters km and a that minimize the sum S of the squares of the errors at N time points as in (Equation 11) are used. , Vf can be obtained.

[0008]

(Equation 2)

[0009]

In the method (1), when the required time of each main road section is measured by the vehicle number reading device, an expensive vehicle number reading device is used as the start and end points of each required time calculation section. It has to be installed and is a fairly expensive device. Further, when the vehicle number reading cannot be recognized at all in bad weather, it is necessary to calculate the required time by using some auxiliary means. Also, when vehicle number matching is performed at a tollgate on an expressway, it cannot be used to calculate the required time on general roads, and in vehicle number matching with a probe car, a roadside communication device is installed at the start and end points of each required time calculation section. Therefore, stable time measurement cannot be expected until the prevalence of vehicle-mounted devices having a communication function with the roadside communication device rises above a certain level. Further, in the required time measurement by vehicle number matching, the required time is not known until the vehicle arrives at the end of the required time calculation section. Therefore, if the required time calculation section is long, the calculated required time is delayed.

From the above meaning, the method (2) is expected to be able to stably calculate the required time by an inexpensive vehicle detector regardless of the weather or the in-vehicle equipment penetration rate. However, the device for calculating the required time from the point measurement information using the vehicle detector also has the following problems.

The conventional required time calculating device using the vehicle detector does not actually measure the required time of the required time calculating section unlike the vehicle number matching method, but uses the measurement information of the point as it is. Since the required time is estimated, there was a problem in the required time calculation accuracy. The method of calculating the time required for a small section from the point calculation speed assumes that the point speed is constant within the small section, so it takes a particularly long time in a signal street network where the speed changes significantly within the small section. Calculation error occurs. Even in the hourglass model that estimates the number of vehicles existing from the traffic volume at a point, the method of calculating the number of vehicles existing is the same for all small sections within the required time calculation section, and the road characteristics that should originally be different for each small section Do not consider. Even when correcting the required time of the same section calculated by the vehicle detector using the actually measured required time of the section including a plurality of small sections, it is assumed that the point speed is constant within the small section. The time required for the section is calculated uniformly.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a device capable of highly accurately calculating a traffic required time of a required time calculation section from measurement information of a point by a vehicle detector. I am trying.

[0013]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a traffic required time calculating device, which is a point measuring information measured by a vehicle detector installed for each small section within a required time calculating section on a road. From the small section required time calculating means for calculating the required time of each small section in which the vehicle detector is installed, and the required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means for each small section. A small section required time correction means for correcting to the correction required time, and a section required time calculation means for calculating the required time of the required time calculation section from the small section correction required time corrected by the small section required time correction means. It is characterized by that.

A traffic required time calculating device according to a second aspect of the present invention is the traffic required time calculating device according to the first aspect, wherein the small section required time correcting means measures the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means. The required time correction coefficient that minimizes the error from the calculated actual time required for the small section is calculated for each small section.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the traffic required time calculating device according to the first aspect, wherein the small section required time correcting means calculates from the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means. The required time correction coefficient that minimizes the error between the required section actual time and the actually measured actual section time is calculated for each small section.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the traffic required time calculating device according to the first aspect, wherein the small section required time correcting means has road geographical information, road equipment information and signal control parameters of the required time calculating section. The required time correction coefficient is calculated from at least one of the above.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a traffic required time calculating device according to the first aspect, wherein the small section required time correcting means has road geographical information, road equipment information and signal control parameters of the required time calculating section. From at least one of the above, a small section actual measurement required time obtained by simulating the behavior of the vehicle in the required time calculation section, and a small section required time calculation means calculated from the point measurement information of the vehicle detector. The required time correction coefficient that minimizes the error from the required time of the section is calculated for each small section.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a traffic required time calculating device according to the first aspect, which is a time series for accumulating and storing point measurement information or point traffic conditions measured by a vehicle detector in a time series. It is equipped with a traffic condition estimation unit that has a data accumulation unit and a traffic condition estimation unit that estimates the true traffic condition at each point from the point measurement information measured by the vehicle detector using the above time-series data. The time calculating means is characterized by calculating the required time of the small section in which the vehicle detector is installed from the traffic condition obtained by the traffic condition estimating means.

The traffic required time calculating device according to the invention of claim 7 is the traffic required time calculating device according to claim 6, wherein the traffic condition estimating means learns a transition model of the traffic condition from the time series change of the traffic condition at the point. A flow model learning unit and a traffic condition acceleration unit that extrapolates the true traffic condition estimated by the traffic condition estimation unit toward a future time point according to the learned traffic flow model and calculates the traffic condition at the future time point. It is characterized by having.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the traffic required time calculating device according to the sixth aspect, the traffic condition estimating means detects an abnormal condition from the traffic conditions at a plurality of points estimated by the traffic condition estimating section. It is characterized in that it is provided with a traffic condition abnormality determination unit that operates.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating a traffic required time calculating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 (1-1, 1-2) is a vehicle detector installed in each small section in a required time calculation section including a plurality of small sections, and 2 is a point measurement measured by the vehicle detector 1. Traffic condition estimating means for estimating the traffic condition at each point from information 4
Is a time-series data accumulating unit that accumulates and stores measurement information of vehicle detectors and point traffic conditions in time series, 3 is a traffic condition estimating unit that estimates the traffic condition of a point from the accumulated and stored time-series data, 5 (5 -1,5-2) is a small section required time calculating means for calculating the required time of a small section from the estimated point traffic conditions, 6
(6-1, 6-2) is a point speed calculation unit that calculates the point speed from the point traffic conditions, and 7 (7-1, 7-2) is a speed that calculates the required time for a small section from the calculated point speed. -Required time conversion unit, 8 (8-1, 8-2) is a small section required time correction means for correcting the calculated small section required time, and 9 is the required time of the required time calculation section from the small section correction required time It is a section required time calculating means for calculating. The traffic condition estimating unit 3 and the time-series data accumulating unit 4 constitute a traffic condition estimating unit 2. The point speed calculation unit 6 and the speed / required time conversion unit 7 constitute a small section required time calculation unit 5.

Next, the operation will be described. Vehicle detector 1
The vehicle sensor measurement information such as the 5-minute traffic volume q [vehicles / 5 minutes] and the 5-minute occupancy time o [seconds / 5 minutes] at the point measured in step 1 is stored in the time-series data storage unit 4. The traffic condition estimation unit 3 extracts the vehicle sensor measurement information accumulated from the time-series data accumulation unit 4 and performs exponential smoothing represented by (Equation 12), 15-minute smoothing represented by (Equation 13), or By using a smoothing method such as a Kalman filter or a state estimation method, the traffic volume and the occupancy rate that represent the true traffic situation at the point are estimated from the information of the vehicle detector including the error and the abnormal value. yt = γ · xt + (1-γ) · yt-5 (Equation 12) yt = (xt + xt-5 + xt-10) / 3 (Equation 13) where yt is the traffic condition at time t Estimated value, yt-5 is traffic condition estimated value 5 minutes before t, xt is measurement information at time t, xt-5 is measurement information 5 minutes before t, xt-10 is measurement 10 minutes before t Information, γ, is an exponential smoothing coefficient (0 ≦ γ ≦ 1).

The small section required time calculating means 5 calculates the required time of the small section where the vehicle detector is installed from the estimated point traffic condition. First, in the point speed calculation unit 6,
From the traffic volume and occupancy rate estimated by the traffic condition estimation unit 3, the velocity vi of the installation point of the vehicle detector 1-i is calculated using (Equation 1).
Is calculated. When a vehicle detector that can directly measure speed using the principle of radar Doppler is installed,
This process becomes unnecessary. Next, the speed / required time conversion unit 7
In step 2, the required time ti of the small section i is calculated from the point velocity vi calculated using (Equation 2). In the present embodiment, the small section required time calculating means 5 calculates the required time for the small section based on the point speed, but other publicly known required times such as an hourglass model for calculating the required time from the traffic volume. The time calculation method can also be widely used.

Next, in the small section required time correcting means 8, the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means 5 from the point measurement information is used for actually driving the small section for each small section. Correct to the required time. An example of the correction formula in the small section i is shown in (Formula 14). Here, αi is a gain coefficient, βi is an offset coefficient, and t ^* i is a time required for the corrected small section i. t ^* i = αi · ti + βi (Equation 14)

Finally, the small section correction required time corrected for each small section by the small section required time correction means 8 is collected in the section required time calculation means 9 and the required time of the required time calculation section is calculated according to (Equation 15). T [second] is calculated. T = Σt ^* i (Equation 15) At this time, as a method of calculating the required time of the required time calculation section from the required time of each small section, as shown in FIG. 2, each small section at the same time There are two methods, a method of adding the required time and a method of shifting the time in the past in consideration of the traveling locus of the vehicle. The method of taking the sum of the same time is more suitable for providing information because the latest traffic information is considered.
The method of tracking the traveling locus is highly accurate in terms of an error from the actual required time, but causes a delay with respect to the current time.

The correction coefficients αi and βi for each small section should be set so that the difference between the small section required time estimated from the point measurement sensor information and the actual required time of the small section is as small as possible. is there. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the relationship between the small section required time obtained from the small section required time calculating means 5 and the small section actually measured required time is obtained to minimize the error such as the least square method or the absolute deviation minimizing method. The method is used. That is, when the measured required time of the small section i at time j is Rij and the estimated required time of the small section after correction is t ^* ij, the correction coefficients αi and βi of the small section are calculated as follows. The estimation can be performed using a parameter estimation method such as a least square method that minimizes the sum of squares Si or an absolute deviation minimization method that minimizes the sum Ai of the absolute values of the errors shown in (Expression 17).

[0027]

(Equation 3)

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of essential parts for explaining an example of obtaining a correction coefficient for a small section by using the time required for actual measurement of the small section. In the figure, reference numeral 18 denotes a vehicle traveling locus receiving unit for receiving a traveling locus of a vehicle within a required time calculation section from a vehicle 19,
Reference numeral 17 denotes a small section actual required time calculating unit for calculating an actually measured required time for a small section from a traveling locus of a vehicle within the required time calculating section, and 17 to 19 constitute a small section required time measuring means.
Further, in the small section required time correction means 8 of FIG.
Is a correction coefficient calculation unit that calculates a required time correction coefficient that minimizes an error between the small section actually measured time and the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculation means 5, and 12 is a correction coefficient. Is a correction unit that corrects the required time.

In FIG. 4, as an example of the small section required time measuring means, an example of obtaining the actually measured required time of the small section from the traveling locus of the vehicle 19 in the required time calculation section is shown. It is also conceivable to install it in the.
Further, the traveling locus of the vehicle 19 does not need to be transmitted to the vehicle traveling locus receiving unit 18 in real time, but may be collectively transmitted to the vehicle traveling locus receiving unit 18 after the traveling ends. The measured small section required time is only used as an auxiliary to calculate the correction coefficient for the required time calculation based on the vehicle detector information, so many vehicles do not need to transmit the small section actually measured time, It does not matter if it is a pilot running measurement method using one vehicle.

As described above, the traffic required time calculating device according to the first embodiment has the traffic condition estimating means 2 for estimating the traffic condition at each point from the point measurement information measured by the vehicle detector 1. As a result, many measurement errors and abnormal values included in the data of each vehicle detector 1 can be removed, and the required time measurement that is less susceptible to the errors and abnormalities of the vehicle detector 1 can be performed. In addition, since the small section required time correction means 8 is provided, it is possible to correct the required time of the small section calculated from the point measurement information for each small section to the required time for actually traveling the small section. Compared to the conventional method that calculates the required time for the time calculation section all at once and calculates the required time for the small section uniformly, the difference in traffic conditions between points in the small section and the difference between the point traffic situation and the small section required time It is possible to calculate the required time with high accuracy in consideration of the difference between the individual small sections of the relationship. Further, by directly obtaining the relationship between the actual measurement required time of the small section and the small section required time calculated by the point measurement information, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate required time closer to the actual required time. .

Embodiment 2 When it is difficult to obtain the actual measurement required time for each small section, the correction coefficient can be obtained for each small section using the actual measurement required time of the required time calculation section including a plurality of small sections. FIG. 5 shows the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a main-part configuration diagram for explaining the travel destination time calculation device according to FIG. 1, and shows an example of a case where a correction coefficient for a small section is obtained using actually measured time for a required time calculation section in which several small sections are bundled. In the figure, 21 is a section required time measuring means for actually measuring the required time of the required time calculation section, 22 is calculated by the section required time calculating means 9 from each small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means 5. The correction coefficient calculation unit calculates a correction coefficient that minimizes an error between the section required time and the section actual measurement required time measured by the section required time measuring unit 21.

An error minimization method such as a least square method or absolute deviation minimization is used for calculating the correction coefficient. That is,
Rj is the actual required time of the required time calculation section at time j
Then, in the least squares method, the sum of squares S of the errors shown in (Expression 18) can be obtained, and in the absolute deviation minimization method, the parameters αi and Σβi that minimize the absolute deviation A of the errors shown in (Expression 19) can be obtained. it can.

[0033]

(Equation 4)

This is a parameter calculation method that utilizes the fact that the required time of the required time calculation section in this device is a linear sum of the required times of the small sections. Generally, in the least squares method, the sum of squares of the error between the estimated value yj represented by yj = a0 + a1.x1j + .. an.xnj and the measured value zj S = Σ (zj-yj) ²
The parameters a0, a1, ... Similarly, in the absolute deviation minimization method, parameters a0, a that minimize the sum A = Σ | zj-yj |
Can ask for 1, · · an. However, at this time,
The reliability of the calculation parameters is low unless a sufficient number of actual measurement required time data are used.

As the section required time measuring means 21, a vehicle number reading / reading device or a vehicle number report by a probe car using a roadside communication device can be used. The measured section required time is only used as an auxiliary for calculating the correction coefficient for the required time calculation based on the vehicle detector information, so even in bad weather or when the penetration rate of in-vehicle devices having a communication function with the roadside communication device is low. Available.

As described above, by directly obtaining the relationship between the actual measurement required time of the required time calculation section and the section required time calculated by the point measurement information, a highly accurate required time closer to the actual required time can be obtained. , It is possible to more easily calculate the actual measurement required time for the small section without directly obtaining it.

Embodiment 3 The method of calculating the correction coefficients αi and βi using the actual measurement required time has been described above, but in reality, the actual measurement device for measuring the required time by reading the vehicle number is expensive and cannot be installed in large numbers. In the present situation where it has not spread, it is difficult to stably obtain the actual measurement required time. An embodiment for obtaining the required time correction coefficient when the actual measurement value is difficult to obtain will be described below. FIG. 6 is a main part configuration diagram for explaining a traffic required time calculating device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 8 is a small section required time correction means in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, 10 is a road geographic equipment information management unit for managing road geographic information and road equipment information of the required time calculation section, and 11 is a road geography. A correction coefficient calculation unit that calculates a required time correction coefficient from the information and the road facility information, and a correction unit 12 that corrects the small section required time from the calculated correction coefficient.

The road geographic facility information management unit 10 includes, as road geographic information, the positions of signalized intersections, the intervals between signalized intersections, the length of small sections, the lane width, the number of lanes, the road gradient, the side margin of the road, the road curvature and the like. The location of the vehicle detector and the type of vehicle detector are managed as road facility information. In the present embodiment, the correction coefficients αi and βi are not obtained as the correction coefficients corresponding to each small section, but each small section is classified by, for example, its geographical feature, and is commonly used by the small sections having the feature. Obtained as the correction coefficient to be used.
The correction coefficient calculation unit 11 calculates the correction coefficient for each small section from the road geographical facility information using the correction coefficient calculation table and the correction coefficient calculation formula, and the correction unit 12 uses the calculated correction coefficient to calculate the small section. Correct the time required for. FIG. 7 shows an example of the correction coefficient calculation table. In this example, from the relationship between the small section length and the installation position of the vehicle detector, for example, the small section length is L1.
When the vehicle detector is installed in the range of to L2 and near the end of the small section, the correction coefficients α and β for each small section are obtained such that the correction coefficients for the small section are α8 and β8. The correction coefficients α8 and β8 are commonly applied to other small sections where the characteristics of the small section length and the installation position of the vehicle detector match. The correction coefficient calculation unit 11 is provided with a plurality of correction coefficient calculation tables and correction coefficient calculation formulas corresponding to the types of road geographic equipment information, and α and β derived from the respective correction coefficient calculation tables and correction coefficient calculation formulas. Are averaged to obtain correction coefficients αi and βi for the small section. The correction coefficient calculation table and the correction coefficient calculation formula can be calculated by combining the actual measurement required time data and the road geographic equipment information, and can be set empirically according to the road geographic equipment information.

With such a configuration, the required time correction coefficient can be automatically calculated from the road geographical information and the road facility information even when it is difficult to obtain the actual measurement value, so that there is no application record. It can be adapted to the area,
The correction coefficient can be automatically and easily calculated even when the road is widened, a traffic signal is newly installed, a vehicle detector is newly installed, and the correction coefficient can be easily managed.

Embodiment 4 FIG. FIG. 8 is a main part configuration diagram for explaining a traffic required time calculating device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 8 is a small section required time correction means in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, 10 is a road geographical equipment information management unit that manages road geographical information and road equipment information of the required time calculation section, and 13 is separately installed. The signal control computer, 14 is a correction coefficient calculation unit that calculates a required time correction coefficient from road geographical information, road facility information, and signal control parameters, and 12 is a correction unit that corrects the required time from the required time correction coefficient. The correction coefficient calculation unit 14 calculates the correction coefficient for each small section in consideration of the signal control parameter in addition to the road geographical information and the road equipment information described in the third embodiment. For the correction coefficient calculation, a correction coefficient calculation table in which a column of signal control parameters is further added, or a correction coefficient calculation formula can be used.

The required time of the required time calculation section is affected by the signal control parameter, and the relationship between the traffic condition at the vehicle detector installation point and the required time of the small section changes accordingly.
In this embodiment, by calculating the required time correction coefficient that also takes the signal control parameter into consideration, it is possible to calculate the correction coefficient corresponding to the change of the signal control parameter, and it is affected by the switching of the signal control parameter. It is possible to calculate the required time with higher accuracy, which is difficult.

Embodiment 5 FIG. FIG. 9 is a main part configuration diagram for explaining a traffic required time calculating device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 8 is a small section required time correction means in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, 10 is a road geographical equipment information management unit that manages road geographical information and road equipment information of the required time calculation section, and 13 is separately installed. A signal control computer, 15 is a traffic flow simulator for simulating the behavior of a vehicle in a required time calculation section, and 16 is point measurement information of a sensor installation point calculated by the traffic flow simulator 15 and calculated by the traffic flow simulator 15. It is a correction coefficient calculation unit that calculates a required time correction coefficient from the required time of the small section. As the traffic flow simulator, for example, a road traffic control simulation device as disclosed in JP-A-6-259407 can be used. The traffic flow simulator 15 acquires the road geographic information and road equipment information of the relevant small section from the road geographic equipment information management unit 10 and the signal control parameters from the signal control computer 13, and calculates the traffic flow in the required time calculation road section. To do. Using the result of the simulation, the correction coefficient calculation unit 16 derives the relationship between the small section required time calculated by the simulated point measurement information as shown in FIG. 10 and the simulated small section actual measurement required time. , Required time correction coefficients αi and βi are calculated. The traffic flow simulator 15 may be built in the travel time calculation device, or may be connected offline when necessary.

With such a configuration, the correction coefficient can be calculated even when the actual measurement value is difficult to obtain. The use of the simulator is suitable when some actual measurement data, such as small section data, is difficult to obtain. The required time can be calculated by considering the behavior in detail.

Embodiment 6 FIG. 11 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating a traffic required time calculating device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 2 is a traffic condition estimating means for estimating the traffic condition at each point from the point measurement information measured by the vehicle detector 1, and 4 is a time series of the measurement information of the vehicle detector 1 and the point traffic condition. A time-series data accumulating section for accumulating and storing in 3 is a traffic condition estimating section for estimating a traffic condition of a point from the time-series data accumulated and stored, and 24 is a traffic condition from time-series data accumulated in the time-series data accumulating unit The traffic flow model learning unit that learns the transition model of 23 uses the learned traffic flow model to extrapolate the traffic situation estimated by the traffic situation estimation unit 3 toward a future time point, It is a traffic condition acceleration unit that predicts traffic conditions. The traffic condition estimation unit 3, the time-series data storage unit 4, the traffic condition acceleration unit 23, and the traffic flow model learning unit 24 constitute the traffic condition estimation unit 2. As the traffic flow model learning unit 24 for learning the transition model of the traffic situation, in addition to model automatic learning by a neural network, a method such as a parameter identification method of a macro traffic flow model can be used.
As shown in FIG. 12, the section required time calculating means 9 adds the required time for a small section while shifting the time in the future direction according to the predicted travel locus of the vehicle.

With this configuration, it is possible to calculate the required time not only at the present time but also at the future time, to prevent the deterioration of the information quality due to the delay of information provision, and to make a traffic plan at the future time. It can also be used.

Embodiment 7 FIG. 13 is a block diagram for explaining a required time calculating device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 2 is a traffic condition estimating means for estimating the traffic condition at each point from the point measurement information measured by the vehicle detector 1, and 4 is a time series of the measurement information of the vehicle detector 1 and the point traffic condition. A time-series data accumulating unit for accumulating and storing in 3 is a traffic condition estimating unit for estimating a traffic condition at a point from the time-series data accumulated and stored, and 25 is an abnormality of the vehicle detector 1 from the estimated traffic conditions at a plurality of points. A traffic condition abnormality determination unit that detects an abnormal condition of the traffic condition such as the presence or absence of a parked vehicle and the occurrence of a traffic accident, and 26 is a traffic condition abnormality determination unit 2
This is a traffic condition abnormality notifying device that notifies other traffic control systems when it is determined in 5 that the traffic condition is abnormal. The traffic condition estimation unit 3, the time-series data storage unit 4, and the traffic condition abnormality determination unit 25 constitute the traffic condition estimation unit 2. The traffic condition abnormality determination unit 25 determines that the traffic condition is abnormal when the measurement information of a specific vehicle detector is significantly different from the front and rear vehicle detectors or when the traffic condition changes suddenly from a certain time, for example, Estimate the type of abnormality, such as whether an accident occurred, a parked vehicle, or a vehicle sensor failure. The traffic condition estimation unit 3 uses the abnormality information from the traffic condition abnormality determination unit 25 to exclude the data of the abnormal sensor, and estimates the traffic condition using other normal sensors.

With such a configuration, it becomes possible to use the information of the traffic required time measuring device for detecting the abnormality of the traffic condition.

[0048]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the vehicle detection is performed based on the point measurement information measured by the vehicle detector installed for each small section in the required time calculation section on the road. Small section required time calculating means for calculating the required time of each small section in which the container is installed, and the required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means as the correction required time of each small section. Since the small section required time correction means for correcting and the section required time calculation means for calculating the required time of the required time calculation section from the small section correction required time corrected by the small section required time correction means are provided, It is possible to correct the required time for the small section calculated from the point measurement information for each section to the actual time required for traveling in the small section. of Compared to the conventional method that calculates the required time uniformly, highly accurate required time that takes into consideration the difference in traffic conditions between points within a small section and the difference in the relationship between the point traffic condition and the required time for each small section. Calculation is possible.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the small section required time correcting means measures the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means and the actually measured small section. Since the required time correction coefficient that minimizes the error from the required time is calculated for each small section, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate required time that is closer to the actual required time.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the small section required time correcting means calculates the section required time calculated from the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means. The required time correction coefficient that minimizes the error between the measured time and the actually measured time for each section is calculated for each small section. It can be calculated more easily without asking.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the small section required time correction means is at least one of road geographical information, road equipment information and signal control parameters of the required time calculation section. Since the required time correction coefficient is calculated from this, the required time correction coefficient can be automatically calculated from road geographic information, road equipment information and signal control parameters even if it is difficult to obtain the actual measurement value. It can also be applied to areas where there is no road, and can automatically and easily calculate correction factors for road widening, new installation of traffic lights, new installation of vehicle detectors, etc. Will be easier.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the small section required time correction means is at least one of road geographical information, road equipment information and signal control parameters of the required time calculation section. The required time for a small section measured by simulating the behavior of the vehicle in the required time calculation section and the required time for the small section calculated by the small section required time calculation means from the point measurement information of the vehicle detectors. Since the required time correction coefficient that minimizes the error of is calculated for each small section, the correction coefficient can be calculated even when it is difficult to obtain the actual measurement value, and the behavior of the vehicle in the small section can be detailed. It is possible to calculate the required time in consideration.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a time-series data accumulating section for accumulating and storing the point measurement information or the point traffic condition measured by the vehicle detector in a time series, A traffic condition estimating unit having a traffic condition estimating unit that estimates the true traffic condition at each point from the point measurement information measured by the vehicle detector using the time-series data is provided. Since the required time for the small section where the above-mentioned vehicle detector is installed is calculated from the traffic situation obtained by the traffic situation estimation means, it is necessary to eliminate many measurement errors and abnormal values included in the data of each vehicle detector. Therefore, it is possible to measure a required time that is not easily affected by an error or abnormality of the vehicle detector.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in the sixth aspect, the traffic condition estimating means includes a traffic flow model learning unit that learns a transition model of the traffic condition from a time-series change of the traffic condition at the point. Since a true traffic condition estimated by the traffic condition estimation unit is extrapolated to a future time point according to the learned traffic flow model, and a traffic condition acceleration unit for calculating the traffic condition at the future time point is provided, Not only the present time but also the time required in the future can be calculated, the deterioration of information quality due to delay in information provision can be prevented, and it can be used for transportation planning in future.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in the sixth aspect, the traffic condition estimating means detects the abnormal condition from the traffic conditions of the plurality of points estimated by the traffic condition estimating section. Since it has a section, it can also be used for detecting abnormalities in traffic conditions.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating a traffic required time calculating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method of calculating a section required time by a section required time calculating means according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a correction coefficient calculation method in a correction coefficient calculation unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of main parts for explaining the traffic required time calculating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a main part configuration diagram for explaining a traffic required time calculating device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a main part configuration diagram for explaining a traffic required time calculating device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a correction coefficient calculation table according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is a configuration diagram of main parts for explaining a traffic required time calculating device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 9] Fig. 9 is a configuration diagram of main parts for explaining a traffic required time calculating device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a correction coefficient calculation method in a correction coefficient calculation unit according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating a traffic required time calculating device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a section required time calculating method in section required time calculating means according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating a traffic required time calculating device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 shows a conventional example and first to seventh embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a required time calculation section, a vehicle detector, and a small section relating to FIG.

FIG. 15 shows a conventional example and first to seventh embodiments of the present invention.
It is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the vehicle length, the sensing area and the effective vehicle length related to.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 vehicle detector, 2 traffic condition estimation means, 3 traffic condition estimation part, 4 time series data storage part, 5 small section required time calculation means, 6 point speed calculation part, 7 speed /
Required time calculator, 8 Small section required time correction means, 9
Section required time calculation means, 10 Road geographical equipment management section, 11 Correction coefficient calculation section, 12 Correction section, 13
Signal control computer, 14 correction coefficient calculation unit, 1
5 Traffic flow simulator, 16 Correction coefficient calculation unit,
17 small section actual required time calculation unit, 18 vehicle traveling locus reception unit, 19 vehicle, 20 correction coefficient calculation unit, 2
1 section required time measurement unit, 22 correction coefficient calculation unit,
23 Traffic situation acceleration section, 24 Traffic flow model learning section,
25 traffic condition abnormality determination unit, 26 traffic condition abnormality notifying device.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A required time for each small section in which the vehicle detector is installed is calculated from point measurement information measured by a vehicle detector installed for each small section in the required time calculation section on the road. Small section required time calculating means, small section required time correcting means for correcting the required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means to the correction required time of each small section, and the small section required time A traffic required time calculating device, comprising: a section required time calculating means for calculating a required time of the required time calculating section from the small section correction required time corrected by the correcting means. 2. The small section required time correction means has a required time correction coefficient that minimizes an error between the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculation means and the actually measured small section required time. The traffic required time calculating device according to claim 1, which is calculated for each item. 3. The small section required time correcting means minimizes an error between the section required time calculated from the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculating means and the actually measured section actually required time. The traffic required time calculating device according to claim 1, wherein the required time correction coefficient is calculated for each small section. 4. The small section required time correcting means calculates a required time correction coefficient from at least one of road geographical information, road facility information and signal control parameters of the required time calculation section. Traffic required time calculation device. 5. The small section required time correction means is obtained by simulating the behavior of the vehicle in the required time calculation section from at least one of road geographical information, road facility information and signal control parameters of the required time calculation section. For each small section, a required time correction coefficient that minimizes the error between the calculated small section actual required time and the small section required time calculated by the small section required time calculation means from the point measurement information of the vehicle detector The traffic required time calculating device according to claim 1, which is calculated according to claim 1. 6. A time-series data storage unit for time-sequentially storing and storing spot measurement information or spot traffic information measured by the vehicle detector, and spot measurement measured by the vehicle detector using the time-series data. A traffic condition estimating unit having a traffic condition estimating unit that estimates the true traffic condition at each point from the information is provided, and the vehicle detector is detected from the traffic condition obtained by the traffic condition estimating unit in the small section required time calculating unit. The traffic required time calculating device according to claim 1, wherein the required time of the installed small section is calculated. 7. The traffic condition estimating means learns a traffic flow model learning unit for learning a traffic condition transition model from a time-series change of traffic condition at a point, and the true traffic condition estimated by the traffic condition estimating unit as described above. 7. A traffic condition accelerating unit that extrapolates and predicts toward a future time point according to the traffic flow model, and calculates a traffic condition at the future time point.
Traffic time calculation device described. 8. The traffic condition estimating means according to claim 6, further comprising: a traffic condition abnormality determining unit for detecting an abnormal condition from traffic conditions at a plurality of points estimated by the traffic condition estimating unit. Time calculator.