JPH09112864A - Waste treating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To safely supply harmful waste into a melting furnace having a plasma space formed therein. SOLUTION: To introduce a carton C accommodating waste therein into the melting space of the melting furnace body of a primary incinerating unit by a waste supply unit, front and rear chambers 53g, 58h are connected to the front stage of the carton cast port 51a of the body, a damper 53a is opened, and the carton C is first introduced to the chamber 53g. Then, the damper 53a is closed, a damper 53b is opened in the state that the chamber 53g is once sealed, the front chamber 53g communicates with the rear chamber 53h, the carton C is transferred from the chamber 53g to the chamber 53h, then the damper 53b is closed, and sealed in the state that the chamber 53h is isolated from the chamber 53g. Thereafter, the damper 53c is opened, the carton C is introduced from the chamber 53h into the melting space via the port 51a, and eventually the damper 53c is closed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment device for treating waste that cannot be rendered harmless by ordinary incineration.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, substances that are harmful to the human body and the environment, such as medical waste such as syringes and blood collection tubes to which specimens such as blood and urine adhere, or radioactive waste that has been irradiated with radiation. Wastes that are attached to or contaminated with harmful substances, and municipal solid wastes that generate harmful substances in normal incineration, are initially packed in concrete and dumped in the ocean,
It was used as a material for land reclamation and disposed of. However, in recent years, the problem of securing dumping water areas and landfill sites has become apparent, especially in large urban areas, and the occurrence of secondary pollution such as elution of hazardous waste into water after disposal has been pointed out. , Its disposal has become very difficult. Under these circumstances, one of the hot spots for treating waste is high-temperature melting treatment by plasma discharge.

An apparatus for performing this type of melting treatment is, for example,
JP-A-58-800, JP-A-63-15819, JP-A-64-10016, and JP-A-4-126146.
Each of these is disclosed in each of the publications, and each of these forms a plasma space in the melting furnace by the arc generated by the plasma torch, raises the temperature in the furnace to increase combustion efficiency, and waste in the furnace. Is incinerated and melted at high heat.

By the way, in this type of melting apparatus,
The operator of the melting furnace may be damaged by harmful substances due to contact with the waste supplied to the furnace or leakage of harmful exhaust gas generated inside the furnace during melting of the waste, or , It is necessary to surely prevent the harmful substances from adhering to equipment around the melting furnace.

[0005]

However, the devices of the above-mentioned respective publications are intended to ensure the detoxification of waste and improve the combustion efficiency, and ensure the safety when supplying the waste into the furnace. However, even if the problem of melting the waste itself was solved, the problem of ensuring safety at that time was still an important issue to be solved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object of the present invention is to safely discharge hazardous waste into a melting furnace when forming a plasma space and melting hazardous waste at a high temperature. The second object is to provide a waste treatment device capable of supplying the waste to the wastewater, and the second purpose is to safely perform a series of treatments from the supply of the waste to the discharge of slag and gas generated by melting the waste. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment device capable of processing.

[0007]

In order to achieve the first object, the present invention according to claim 1 is to introduce waste into the melting furnace through a charging port of the melting furnace so that the inside of the melting furnace is charged. In a waste treatment device that melts the waste at a high temperature under the plasma state generated in 1., a closed space that is connected to the input port of the melting furnace and that inputs the waste into the melting furnace is defined. A chamber, a supply damper provided in the chamber to communicate and shield the inside and the outside of the chamber, and an openable and closable arrangement in the charging port to communicate the inside of the chamber with the inside of the melting furnace. A charging damper to be shielded, and at least one partitioning damper that is openably and closably disposed in the chamber and partitions the inside of the chamber into a plurality of closed regions from the supply damper side to the charging damper side. , Said supply External communication with the chamber by the damper, from the upstream end closed area of the chamber is shielded,
It is characterized by further comprising a waste transfer means for transferring the waste in the chamber to a closed region at the downstream end of the chamber which is communicated with and shielded from the inside of the melting furnace by the charging damper.

Further, according to the present invention, the waste is contained in a carton, and the carton is transferred in the chamber by the waste transfer means.
Further, in order to achieve the second object, the present invention according to claim 3 is connected to the chamber, is connected to a waste supply means for supplying the waste to the chamber, and is connected to the melting furnace. A secondary combustion furnace in which exhaust gas generated by high-temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace is burned at high temperature in a plasma state and sterilized, and outside the melting furnace generated by high-temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace The apparatus further comprises slag carrying-out means for carrying out the discharged molten slag to the outside.

According to the present invention, the chambers connected to the charging port of the melting furnace are partitioned into a plurality of closed regions by the supply, partitioning, and charging dampers. Therefore, the waste that has been supplied to the first closed area in the chamber by opening the supply damper is closed to the first closed area and then to this closed area on the inlet side of the melting furnace. In the state where the partition damper for partitioning the next closed area is opened and communicated, the waste transfer means transfers the waste from the first closed area to the next adjacent closed area.

Subsequently, the partition damper between the first and the next closed areas is closed, the partition damper between the next closed area and the next closed area is opened, and both the closed areas are communicated with each other. The same transfer of waste is performed, and then, by repeating the same operation, the waste is transferred sequentially between each closed area,
Reach the final closed area adjacent to the input of the melting furnace. Then, with the partition damper between the last closed area and the closed area in front of it being closed, by opening the input damper at the input port, the waste is injected into the melting furnace from the last closed area. .

Therefore, exhaust gas containing harmful substances in the melting furnace generated by high-temperature melting of waste in the melting furnace leaks out of the melting furnace from the charging port when new waste is charged. Is prevented, and it becomes possible to maintain a good operating environment around the waste treatment device.

Further, according to the present invention, since the waste is accommodated in the carton and transferred in the chamber, the waste does not come into direct contact with a device part such as a supply damper or a chamber which can be contacted from the outside. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the harmful substances contained in the waste from adhering to the human body. Further, according to the present invention, the waste is supplied to the chamber through which the waste transferred to the input port of the melting furnace is supplied by the waste supplying means, and the high temperature melting of the waste is performed in the melting furnace. The generated molten slag is discharged from the melting furnace and then discharged to the outside by the slag discharging means, and the exhaust gas generated by the high temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace is heated to a high temperature in the secondary combustion furnace under a plasma condition. Since it is combusted and sterilized, it is possible to automate the entire waste melting process and safely perform a series of processes from waste supply to melting slag and exhaust gas generated by melting the waste. In addition to the above, it becomes possible to perform the detoxification treatment of the exhaust gas surely so that no harmful substances remain in the exhaust gas.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The waste treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment, which is indicated by reference numeral 1 in the figure, includes a waste supply unit 3 and primary incineration. A unit 5, a molten slag unloading unit 7, a secondary incineration unit 9 and the like are provided.

As shown in the side view of FIG. 2, the waste supply unit 3 (corresponding to the waste supply means) is a medical waste such as a syringe or a blood collection tube to which a sample such as blood or urine is attached (see FIG. 2). (Not shown) and the like, the H conveyor 31 horizontally conveys the carton C housed therein, and the V conveyor 3 vertically conveys the carton C transferred from the H conveyor 31.
3, and a loading unit 3 for delivering a carton C from the upper end of the V conveyor 33 to the primary incineration unit 5.
5 is provided. As the carton C, for example, a commercially available box-shaped body made of a material such as polyethylene which does not generate harmful substances or gas even when incinerated can be used.

The H conveyors 31 are arranged on the pedestal 31a so as to be vertically stacked in two stages.
Many transport rollers 31b and these transport rollers 31b
and a motor (not shown) for rotating b.
The carton C placed on the starting end on the right side of each H conveyor 31 in the drawing by a transfer device (not shown) is transferred to the end side of each H conveyor 31 on the left side of the drawing by the transfer roller 31b rotated by the motor. Is configured.

The V conveyor 33 includes a base frame 33a, an elevating table 33b for elevating the inside of the base frame 33a, an electric winch 33c for elevating the elevating table 33b within the base frame 33a, and the elevating table 33b. Frame 33a
It has a turning motor 33d for turning inside.

The base frame 33a is installed adjacent to the pedestal 31a, and the inside thereof is formed in a blow-through shape. As shown in FIG. 1, the base frame 33a has a lower portion adjacent to the end of each of the upper and lower two-stage H conveyors 31 and an upper portion extending above the upper-stage H conveyors 31. 5 is configured to reach the upper end.

The elevating table 33b is formed in such a size that one of the cartons C can be placed on the elevating table 33b and can be moved up and down in the base frame 33a. As shown in the enlarged plan view of FIG.
Like the H-conveyor 31, a plurality of transport rollers 33e, which are rotationally driven by a motor (not shown), are disposed above the lifting table 33b. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of transport rollers 33e are supported on a support plate 33f so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane.
A substantially cylindrical elevating guide 33h is connected to the side portion of f, and the elevating guide 33h is fitted to a guide shaft 33g supported by the outer surface of the base frame 33a and extends along the guide shaft 33g. The lifting guide 33h is movably supported.

The elevating guide 33h is engaged with a chain 33k which is stretched between sprockets 33j and 33j at the upper and lower ends of the base frame 33a. By rotating the chain 33k by the sprockets 33j and 33j, The elevating guide 3 while being guided by the guide shaft 33g
3h is moved, and the lifting table 33b is configured to move up and down inside the base frame 33a. Incidentally, reference numeral 33r in FIG. 2 indicates a balance weight attached to the chain 33k.

The electric winch 33c is arranged in the vicinity of the lower end of the base frame 33a, and a sprocket 33m is attached to an output shaft (not shown) of the electric winch. A sprocket 33n provided coaxially with the sprocket 33j, and the sprocket 33n.
A chain 33p is bridged between m. The electric winch 33c is driven by the reciprocating rotation of the sprocket 33m, 33n, 33j, 33j and the chain 3
3p, 33k, and the elevating table 33b via the elevating guide 33h are configured to elevate and lower between a lower limit point facing the end of the lower H conveyor 31 and an upper limit point facing the loading unit 35. ing.

The turning motor 33d is attached to the bottom surface of the lifting table 33b, and the tip of the output shaft (not shown) of the turning motor 33d has the lifting table 3b.
3b is inserted and connected to the support plate 33f, and the turning motor 33d is rotationally driven, so that the lifting table 33b is moved.
Above, the support plate 33f is configured so as to rotate in a horizontal plane together with the plurality of transport rollers 33e.

As shown in FIG. 3, the loading unit 35 extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper end of the base frame 33a to a carton loading portion 53 of the primary incineration unit 5 which will be described later, and is provided with a large number of rollers 35b. A roller conveyor 35a, a pusher 35c that pushes and transfers the carton C toward the terminal side on the roller conveyor 35a, an air cylinder 35d that moves the pusher 35c forward and backward on the roller conveyor 35a, and an air cylinder 3
It has an air cylinder 35e for reciprocating 5d along the extending direction of the roller conveyor 35a, and the roller 35b on the starting end side of the roller conveyor 35a is composed of a conveyance roller rotatably driven by a motor (not shown), The remaining roller 35b on the terminal side is a free roller.

The loading unit 35 includes piston rods (not shown) of the air cylinders 35d and 35e.
The pusher 35c is evacuated to the side of the roller conveyor 35a by the contraction operation of No. 1 and is made to stand by on the V conveyor 33 side, and the carton C on the lifting table 33b at the upper limit position is conveyed by a motor (not shown). Roller 3
3e and rotational drive of the roller 35b arranged on the starting end side of the roller conveyor 35a by a motor (not shown) similarly, the piston rod of the air cylinder 35d is transferred to the substantially intermediate portion of the roller conveyor 35a. When the extension operation is performed, the pusher 35 is attached to the rear end of the carton C.
c is configured to contact. Further, the loading unit 35 has a pusher 35c at the rear end of the carton C.
, The cartons C on the roller conveyor 35a are pushed by the pushers 35c and are transferred from the start end side to the end, and the piston rod of the further air cylinder 35e is pushed. The carton C is transferred from the terminal end of the roller conveyor 35a to the carton input section 53 of the primary incineration unit 5 by the extension operation of the above.

In this embodiment, the H conveyor 31, the lifting table 33b, and the loading unit 35 adopt the roller conveyor method, but there is no problem even if other methods such as the belt conveyor method are adopted. Absent.

As shown in FIG. 1, the primary incineration unit 5 is attachable to and detachable from a melting furnace main body 51, a carton charging section 53 formed in an upper portion of the melting furnace main body 51, and a side portion of the melting furnace main body 51. The plasma torch attachment 55 attached to the.

The melting furnace body 51 (corresponding to a melting furnace) is
For example, it is made of non-magnetic metal such as non-magnetic stainless steel and is installed on a hollow and substantially rectangular frame 51A.
The ceiling of the melting furnace body 51 has a carton inlet 51a.
Is formed, a discharge port 51b of the melting slag is formed in the bottom, and the inner wall of the melting furnace main body 51 has, for example, S
having acid resistance of TiO ₂ or TiO ₂ or MgO
Alternatively, a refractory material 51c having a basic resistance of CaO is coated, and a substantially columnar melting space A (corresponding to the inside of the melting furnace) that can be sealed is defined inside the refractory material 51c.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the bottom portion of the melting space A. As shown in FIG.
A weir 51d is formed by partially raising the refractory material 51c in the melting furnace main body 51 portion around the periphery of b.
Molten waste or melting slag (neither is shown) in the part of the melting furnace main body 51 on the side opposite to the discharge port 51b across the
A concave crucible 51e is formed in which is stored.

Further, a pipe 51f for discharging the melting slag in the melting space A is connected to the discharge port 51b, and a high temperature inside the melting space A is formed on a side portion of the pipe 51f. A gas suction port 51g for sucking the exhaust gas and sucking the melting slag from the crucible 51e to the discharge port 51b side is formed, and the high temperature exhaust gas sucked from the gas suction port 51g to the outside of the melting furnace main body 51 is , Is supplied to the secondary incineration unit 9 via an air passage (not shown). further,
The plasma torch attachment 5 for communicating the melting space A with the outside of the melting furnace main body 51 is provided at a position of the melting furnace main body 51 slightly above the crucible 51e.
5 mounting holes 51h are formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an exhaust passage for discharging the exhaust gas staying in the upper portion of the melting space A to the secondary incineration unit 9 side at a side portion near the upper portion of the melting furnace main body 51. 51 j is formed, and the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust passage 51 j is also covered with the refractory material 51 c like the inner wall of the melting furnace main body 51.

The carton charging section 53 (corresponding to a chamber) extends horizontally from above the carton charging port 51a of the smelting furnace main body 51 to the outside of the smelting furnace main body 51 (the front side of the drawing in FIG. 1), and The carton C is formed in a size that allows the carton C to move horizontally inside by a hollow cylindrical body having a length reaching the end of the roller conveyor 35a.

As shown in FIG. 3, the carton loading section 53 is provided with three dampers 53a, 53b and 53c, of which the damper 53a (corresponding to a supply damper) is the carton loading section 53. The damper 53b is arranged on the side of the loading unit 35 so as to be openable and closable.
(Corresponding to a partitioning damper) is disposed in a substantially horizontal middle portion of the carton loading section 53 so as to be retractable inside the carton loading section 53, and a damper 53c (corresponding to a loading damper).
Is arranged so as to open and close the carton input port 51a to communicate and cut off the melting space A of the melting furnace main body 51 and the inside of the carton input port 53.

The dampers 53a to 53c are air cylinders 53d to 5c arranged outside the carton loading section 53.
It slides by the forward / backward movement of the 3f piston rod,
It appears in and out of the carton loading section 53. Then, the carton loading section 53 is partitioned by the damper 53b into a front chamber 53g on the loading unit 35 side and a rear chamber 53h on the carton loading port 51a, and the carton on the loading unit 35 is opened by opening the damper 53a. C can be put into the front chamber 53g, and the rear chamber 53 can be opened by opening the damper 53c.
It is configured such that the carton C in h can be charged into the melting space A of the melting furnace main body 51 from the carton charging port 51a. In the present embodiment, the front and rear chambers 53g and 53h respectively correspond to the closed region of the claims, specifically, the front chamber 53g corresponds to the upstream end closed region and the rear chamber 53h corresponds to the downstream end closed region. Is equivalent to.

The carton input section 53 constructed in this way
At the pusher 35c of the loading unit 35
Thus, the carton C transferred from the end of the roller conveyor 35a to the front chamber 53g of the carton loading unit 53 is
After the damper 53a is closed, the piston rod of the air cylinder 53j projecting from the end of the carton loading part 53 is pushed by the pusher 53k attached to the tip of the piston rod, and the carton is loaded in the rear chamber 53h. It is transferred to a location above the damper 53c that opens and closes the mouth 51a. In addition, in FIG. 1, the waste supply unit 3 is arranged apart from the primary incineration unit 5 for the sake of easy understanding of the drawing, but in reality, the end of the roller conveyor 35a is a carton in FIG. It is arranged so as to overlap with the front side of the insertion portion 53 in the drawing. Then, as is apparent from the above description, in the present embodiment, the waste transfer means is constituted by the air cylinder 53j and the pusher 53k.

The plasma torch attachment 55
Is detachably attached to the attachment hole 51h of the melting furnace main body 51. As shown in the front view of FIG. 5 (a), the substrate 55a and the torch holder 55b detachably attached to the substrate 55a. And two plasma torches 55c and 55c held by the torch holder 55b.

The substrate 55a is formed in a substantially circular shape, and a through hole 55d having a laterally elongated substantially oval shape is formed in a substantially central portion of the substrate 55a. Further, in the middle portion of the substrate 55a in the thickness direction, a water passage 55e for cooling water (not shown) is provided as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5A, cooling water is injected into the water passage 55e from a water inlet valve 55f attached to the lower portion of the substrate 55a, and the cooling water in the water passage 55e is formed. , The water discharge valve 55 attached to the upper part of the substrate 55a
It is configured to be drained from the g. The water passage 55e at the periphery of the through hole 55d is closed by welding in order to prevent water leakage.

Further, the mounting hole 51h is formed on the substrate 55a.
As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the refractory material 51 is attached to the rear surface of the melting furnace body 51 facing the melting space A when attached to the refractory material 51.
A refractory material 55h similar to that of c is attached, and a passage 55j for passing an arc generated by the plasma torch 55c is provided in a portion of the refractory material 55h which faces the through hole 55d.
Are formed so as to be directed downward as the distance from the substrate 55a increases. Inside the passage 55j, the through hole 55d is formed.
The torch holder 55b is provided on the back surface of the substrate 55a around the periphery of
The holding frame 55k is welded.

The torch holder 55b has the through hole 55.
It has a mounting plate 55m having a size and shape corresponding to d, and two holding cylinders 55n projecting from the surface of the mounting plate 55m at positions on the left and right sides.

Each of the holding cylinders 55n holds the plasma torch 55c, and both have a cylindrical shape as shown in the front view of FIG. 6 (a). One in the middle right side extends so that its axial direction is slightly upward and to the right as it moves away from the mounting plate 55m, and the other in the left side in the figure has its axial direction. It extends so as to face upward and leftward as it moves away from the mounting plate 55m, with a greater inclination than the right holding cylinder 55n.

The back surface of the mounting plate 55m and the inner peripheral wall of each holding cylinder 55n are shown in FIG. 6 (b) in a sectional view taken along the line Loro in FIG. 6 (a), and also in FIG. 6 (c). As shown in the partially cutaway bottom view, the same refractory material 5 as the refractory materials 51c and 55h.
Each of the refractory materials 55p is covered with 5p, and two passages 55r for passing an arc generated by each plasma torch 55c are formed in the refractory material 55p in line with the axial direction of each holding cylinder 55n. The peripheral surface of the material 55p is a flange 55s protruding from the back surface of the mounting plate 55m.
Covered with.

The torch holder 55b has the through hole 55.
5B, the inside of the frame body 55k is closed by the refractory material 55p covered with the flange 55s, and each passage 55r has the substrate 55k.
It is configured to communicate with the passage 55j of a. still,
In FIG. 5B, for the sake of easy viewing of the drawing, the inner periphery of the passage 55j of the substrate 55a and the flange 55 of the torch holder 55b.
Although there is a gap between the outer periphery of s and the outer periphery of s, in reality, they are almost in close contact with each other.

6 (b) and 6 (c) are provided at intermediate portions in the thickness direction of the mounting plate 55m and the respective holding cylinders 55n.
As shown in FIG. 5, water channels 55t and 55w for cooling water (not shown) communicating with each other are formed.
At t and 55w, as shown in FIG.
Cooling water is injected from the water inlet valves 55x and 55y attached to the right end of m and the outer peripheral surface of each holding cylinder 55n, and the cooling water in the water passages 55t and 55w is the left end of the mounting plate 55m. The water is discharged from the water discharge valves 55z provided at the side portion and the center portion, respectively.

As shown schematically in FIG. 1, the plasma torch 55c has a plasma torch attachment 55 mounted in a mounting hole 51h of the melting furnace main body 51, and its tip end as shown in FIG. 5 (b). In addition, it projects toward the passage 55j from the mounting plate 55m. Although not described with reference to the drawings, the plasma torches 55c have a gap between a base portion on the anode side and a tip portion on the cathode side, and a high voltage applied between both electrodes of the anode and the cathode. By this, an arc is generated from the tip of the plasma torch 55c to generate a plasma atmosphere around the arc, and the diameter of the arc is narrowed down by the compressed air supplied to the base side. The plasma torch 55c itself is prevented from being overheated by the water supplied to the water channels formed inside both of the front portions.

In the melting space A of the smelting furnace main body 51, the combustion flame by the auxiliary combustion burner (not shown) is caused to be substantially horizontal due to the difference in inclination of the arcs generated by the plasma torches 55c, or the horizontal direction of the flame. While spirally rotating, the temperature reaches the crucible 51e in the melting space A of the melting furnace main body 51 through the passage 55j, and the plasma torches 55c cause the crucible 51 to move.
Due to the plasma state generated in the vicinity of e, the combustion efficiency of the carton C due to the combustion flame of the auxiliary burner increases, and specifically, the carton C is heated at a high temperature of 1500 ° C to 1600 ° C.
And the waste inside it is configured to be incinerated. Although compressed air is used as the process gas in the present embodiment, other gas such as Ar, N ₂ , CO ₂ , H ₂ or the like may be used instead of or selected from these gases. It can be mixed and used.

As shown in FIG. 1, the molten slag unloading unit 7 (corresponding to slag unloading means) includes a bucket 71 for storing the molten slag, a carriage 73 on which the bucket 71 is placed, and a carriage 73. The container 75 for accommodating is provided. As shown in the front view of FIG. 7A, the bucket 71 has a substantially inverted truncated cone shape that opens upward, and the carriage 73 has a size in which two buckets 71 are placed side by side. It has a pedestal base 73a and two rows of four wheels 73b that support the pedestal 73a. The container 75 is formed in the shape of a hollow rectangular box having a size that allows the carriage 73 on which the bucket 71 is placed to move in the direction in which the buckets 71 are lined up.
As shown in the side view of FIG. 7C, a rail 75a on which the wheels 73b are mounted is arranged on the bottom surface of the rail 5, and further,
As shown in FIG. 7A, the carriage 7 is mounted on the rail 75a.
An air cylinder 75b for moving 3 is provided.

A tip end of a piston rod (not shown) of the air cylinder 75b is connected to a base 73a of the carriage 73, and the wheel 73b of the carriage 73 is moved to the rail 75a by the forward / backward movement of the piston rod. The base 73a rolls up and moves in the container 75 by about one bucket 71.

At a substantially central position on the upper surface of the container 75 in the moving direction of the carriage 73, as shown in a plan view of FIG. 75c is two bolts 75d on the outer circumference
It is supported so that it can be moved up and down by screwing it. The discharge port 5 of the melting furnace main body 51 is provided at the center of the pressing lid 75c.
An input port 75e for the molten slag discharged from 1b is formed. Further, both end surfaces of the container 75 in the moving direction of the carriage 73 are formed into a take-out door 75g that can be opened and closed via a hinge 75f, and the take-out door 75g is opened by pulling the handle 75h toward you, The bucket 71 on the dolly 73 can be taken in and out of the container 75.

The container 75 having the above-described structure is arranged at a lower portion of the melting furnace main body 51 so that the input port 75e is located directly below the discharge port 51b of the melting furnace main body 51. Then, as shown in FIG. 7A, the container 75 has one of the buckets 71 on the carriage 73 in a state where the carriage 73 is located at a position on the takeout door 75g side of one of the containers 75. The top opening of the is the cover 75c
In this state, the pressing lid 75c is moved downward by screwing the bolt 75d, so that the pressing lid 75c is engaged with the upper end opening of the bucket 71 facing the pressing lid 75c.

In FIG. 7A, 75j is a container 75.
Three viewing windows are formed on one side of the container near the upper portion at equal intervals, and 75k indicates the lighting windows formed on the upper surface of the container 75 on both sides of the inlet 75e, respectively. By looking through the window 75j from the outside, the positions of the carriage 73 and the bucket 71 inside the container 75,
Also, the amount of the molten slag contained in the bucket 71 and the like can be confirmed by being illuminated by the light incident inside from the lighting window 75k.

In the molten slag unloading unit 7, the dolly 73 in the container 75 is moved to one of the unloading doors 75g side by the air cylinder 75b, and the bolt 75d.
One of the buckets 71 on the carriage 73
When the pressing lid 75c is engaged with and fixed to, the melting slag discharged from the discharge port 51b of the melting furnace main body 51 is charged into the bucket 75 through the charging port 75e. When the bucket 71 is filled with the melting slag, the melting slag unloading unit 7 detaches the pressing lid 75c from the bucket 71 and moves the carriage 73 to the other ejection door 75g side by the air cylinder 75b.
By engaging the pressing lid 75c with another empty bucket 71, the molten slag discharged from the discharge port 51b of the melting furnace main body 51 is continuously charged into the empty bucket 71, and at the same time, the one outlet door 75g The bucket 71 filled with the molten slag can be carried out to the outside of the container 75 by opening the container.

As shown in FIG. 1, the secondary incineration unit 9 includes a combustion furnace body 91 and a plasma torch attachment 93 which is detachably attached to the upper portion of the combustion furnace body 91.

The combustion furnace body 91 (corresponding to a secondary combustion furnace)
Is a non-magnetic metal such as non-magnetic stainless steel, similar to the melting furnace main body 51 of the primary incineration unit 5,
It is formed smaller than the melting furnace main body 51. An intake passage 91a for taking in exhaust gas generated in the primary incineration unit 5 is formed at a side portion of the combustion furnace main body 91, and the intake passage 91a is provided in the melting furnace main body 51 via a duct (not shown). It is connected to the gas suction port 51g and the exhaust passage 51j. In addition, in the upper part of the combustion furnace body 91,
An exhaust passage 91b is formed for exhausting the exhaust gas detoxified by incinerating the exhaust gas in the combustion space B at a high temperature.

Further, a mounting hole 91c similar to the mounting hole 51h of the melting furnace body 51 is formed in the ceiling portion of the combustion furnace body 91. The inner wall of the combustion furnace main body 91, the intake passage 91a, the duct, and the inner peripheral wall of the exhaust passage 91b have the same refractory material 91 as the refractory material 51c of the melting furnace main body 51.
The combustion space B, which is covered with d and has a substantially columnar shape that can be sealed, is defined inside the refractory material 91d.

Plasma torch attachment 93
Has a substrate similar to the plasma torch attachment 55 of the primary incineration unit 5, a torch holder (none are shown), and a plasma torch 93a, and is detachably attached to the attachment hole 91c of the combustion furnace body 91. It is configured to be. Then, in the combustion space B of the combustion furnace main body 91, as in the melting space A of the melting furnace main body 51, the combustion flame by the auxiliary combustion burner (not shown)
The plasma torch 93a turns horizontally or in a spiral shape close to horizontal by the inclination of the arc, and the plasma state generated in the combustion space B by the plasma torch 93a assists combustion at a high temperature of 850 ° C or higher. The exhaust gas is incinerated by the combustion flame of the burner. Further, the substrate of the plasma torch attachment 93 and the torch holder are individually cooled by cooling water flowing in water channels (not shown) formed in the middle portion in the thickness direction.

In FIG. 1, 11 is a water supply pump, 13 is a water tank for storing water to be supplied to the water supply pump 11, and the water tank 1 is operated by the operation of the water tank 1.
The water in the water 3 flows through the water inlet valves 55f, 55x, 55y to the water passage 55e of the substrate 55a of the plasma torch attachment 55 and the water passage 55t of the torch holder 55b.
55w is supplied as cooling water, and these water channels 55
The cooling water in e, 55t, 55w is the water discharge valve 55g,
It is drained to the water tank 13 via 55z. In addition, the cooling water in the water tank 13 is also supplied and circulated as cooling water to the plasma torches 55c and 93a, the substrate of the plasma torch attachment 93, and the torch holder by the operation of the water supply pump 11.

Further, 15 in FIG. 1 is a plasma torch 55.
c, 93a ignition device, 17 supplies a constant current electric power for ignition to the ignition device 15, and a plasma torch 55
c, 93a, a power supply device for supplying a process gas such as compressed air, 18 is a flow rate controller for adjusting the flow rate of the process gas supplied to the power supply device 17, 19 is a power supply device while monitoring the normal operation of the water supply pump 11. A control panel for controlling the operation of 17 and 21 for the control panel 19
2 shows an operation panel connected to the control panel and provided with various operation switches (not shown). Further, reference numeral 23 in FIG. 1 denotes an air compressor for supplying air for advancing and retracting to the pusher 35 and the air cylinders 53b, 73c, and 25 denotes an air flow path for sending process gas from the air compressor 23 to the flow rate regulator 18. An opening / closing valve for opening and closing, 27 is a control panel for the waste supply unit 3, and the air compressor 23 is a pusher 35 and an air cylinder 53.
If b and 73c are replaced by hydraulic cylinders, they can be replaced by hydraulic pumps.

Next, the operation (action) of the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment configured as above will be described.
First, for example, an article to be disposed of such as a medical waste such as a syringe or a blood collection tube to which a sample such as blood or urine is attached, that is, a carton C containing the waste is transferred to an arbitrary H conveyor of the waste supply unit 3. 31 is transferred to the V conveyor 33, the pusher 35c is further retracted to the side of the roller conveyor 35a, and the conveyance roller 33e is rotated by a motor (not shown) in a state where the pusher 35c is on standby on the V conveyor 33 side. The carton C is driven and transferred from the V conveyor 33 to the loading unit 35.

Subsequently, with the pusher 53k retracted to the end side of the carton loading section 53, the damper 53a
Is opened and the carton C is transferred to the front chamber 53g of the carton input part 53 by the pusher 35c, then the damper 53a is closed and the damper 53b is opened, and the carton C is moved from the front chamber 53g to the rear chamber 53h by the pusher 53k. To the rear chamber 53h after opening the damper 53c after closing the damper 53b.
Through the carton charging port 51a into the melting space A of the melting furnace main body 51 of the primary incineration unit 5 to be charged,
The damper 53c is closed.

On the other hand, in the melting space A of the melting furnace main body 51, two plasma torches 55c are provided in the vicinity of the crucible 51e.
A plasma state is formed by the arc generated by the arc, and the combustion efficiency of the combustion flame from the auxiliary burner is increased by the plasma state, resulting in 1500 ° C to 1600 ° C.
Of the plasma torch 55c and the inclination difference of the arcs emitted by these two plasma torches 55c, the crucible 5
In the melting space A near 1e, the combustion flame from the auxiliary burner orbits spirally or swirls in a horizontal plane. Therefore, the carton C placed in the melting space A
Is burned at a high temperature by the combustion flame from the auxiliary burner with increased combustion efficiency before reaching the crucible 51e. By this high temperature burning, in the melting space A, the burned residue of the medical waste in the carton C is melted. This produces molten slag. Exhaust gas generated when the molten slag is generated is
A part of the exhaust gas containing unburned components that have been substantially burned by the combustion flame in the melting space A and have not been burned out yet is sent from the melting space A to the secondary incineration unit 9 where it is harmless. It becomes a treated gas that has been converted to gas. The details of the processing will be described later.

Of these, the melting slag is accumulated in the crucible 51e, and the carton C is continuously charged and incinerated, so that the melting slag accumulated in the crucible 51e is increased and the crucible 51e is filled up. Causes the molten slag to move from the crucible 51e over the weir 51d to the discharge port 51b,
It falls from this discharge port 51b and is discharged to the outside of the melting furnace main body 51. The melting slag discharged to the outside of the melting furnace main body 51 is generated by the hot air generated by the circulation of the combustion flame in the melting space A and the high-temperature exhaust gas sucked from the gas suction port 51g to the outside of the melting passage main body 51. It is continuously heated.

While being heated in this way, the melting furnace main body 5
The melting slag discharged to the outside of the No. 1 is the pressing lid 75c in the container 75 arranged at the lower part of the melting furnace main body 51.
Is accommodated in one bucket 71 in which the position of the discharge port 51b is aligned with the input port 75. Then, from the viewing window 75j on the side surface of the container 75, the one bucket 71
While confirming the amount of molten slag contained therein, one of the buckets 71 filled with a trolley 73 is sequentially replaced with an empty bucket 71 next to the other, and the bucket 71 filled with a slag is placed near it. Open the take-out door 75g and take it out of the container 75, and replace it with an empty bucket 71
Is placed on the dolly 73 and the take-out door 75g is closed.

Further, when the bucket 71 in which the molten slag is currently put is full, the pressing lid 75c engaged with the bucket 71 is removed, the carriage 73 is moved, and the container 75 is moved first. The empty bucket 71 placed on the dolly 73 in place of the full-filled bucket 71 taken out of the container is positioned directly below the loading port 75e, and the holding lid 75c is engaged with this bucket 71, and then the discharging port The molten slag dropped from 51b and discharged to the outside of the melting furnace main body 51 is continuously accommodated in the bucket 71.

On the other hand, as described above, the melting furnace main body 51
Part of the exhaust gas containing unburned components that could not be completely burned in the melting space A of the combustion chamber 91 of the secondary incineration unit 9 from the gas suction port 51g through the duct and the intake passage 91a (not shown). It is taken into the combustion space B, or taken into the combustion space B of the combustion furnace body 91 through the exhaust passage 51j and the intake passage 91a.

In the combustion space B of the combustion furnace body 91, a plasma state is formed by the arc emitted by the plasma torch 93a.
Similar to the smelting furnace main body 51, the combustion efficiency of the combustion flame from the auxiliary combustion burner is increased, the combustion flame is heated to a high temperature of 850 ° C. or higher, and the inclination difference of the arc generated by the plasma torch 93a causes a difference in the combustion space B. A combustion flame from an auxiliary combustion burner (not shown) circulates in a spiral or swirls in a vertical plane inside. Therefore, the exhaust gas sucked into the combustion space B is incinerated at a high temperature by the combustion flame from the auxiliary combustion burner whose combustion efficiency is increased, and the high temperature incineration sterilizes the exhaust gas in the combustion space B. Black smoke (soot) and unburned gas components are incinerated and removed, and the production of dioxins is suppressed. The treated gas thus combusted in the combustion space B passes through the exhaust passage 91b and the combustion furnace main body 91.
Is discharged to the outside.

Then, on the path of the exhaust passage 91b, the following post-treatment is carried out as necessary in order to remove HCl, SO _X , soot and the like in the exhaust gas. First, the hot treated gas is cooled to around 55 ° C by a water shower in the cooling tower, and then dust is removed by a dry cyclone or a wet scrubber if necessary, and then alkali cleaning in the cleaning tower is performed. Dioxins are removed by the lime spray method and lime spraying method to detoxify the treated gas and then release it into the atmosphere through a flue such as a chimney. Depending on whether or not dust is generated, the dust removal process by a dry cyclone or a wet scrubber may be omitted. Further, when the supply of cooling water from the water tank 13 to the plasma torch attachments 55, 93 is stopped due to a failure of the water supply pump 11 or the like, the plasma torches 55c, 93a are extinguished by a command from the operation panel 19. , The waste melting process stops.

As described above, the waste treatment device 1 of the present embodiment
According to the above, for example, a carton C containing medical waste such as a syringe or a blood collection tube to which a specimen such as blood or urine adheres is stored in the melting furnace main body 51 of the primary incineration unit 5 by the waste supply unit 3. When charging into the melting space A, two chambers 53g and 53h are provided in front of the carton charging port 51a of the melting furnace main body 51 so that the front and rear chambers 53g and 53h are connected in series.
a is opened and the carton C is first put into the front chamber 53g, then the damper 53a is closed and the front chamber 53g is once closed, and then the damper 53b is opened so that the front and rear chambers 53g and 53h are communicated with each other. After transferring C from the front chamber 53g to the rear chamber 53h, the damper 53b is closed to seal the rear chamber 53h in a state of being separated from the front chamber 53g, and then the damper 53c is opened to move the carton C from the rear chamber 53h to the carton. Input port 51
It is put into the melting space A via a, and finally the damper 53c.
Is configured to be closed.

Therefore, the carton C in the rear chamber 53h is
When the damper 53c is opened and closed when the gas is charged into the melting space A from the carton charging opening 51a of the melting furnace main body 51, the exhaust gas generated in the melting space A tries to leak to the outside of the melting furnace main body 51. Do both the front and rear chambers 53g,
The damper 53b that partitions 53h and the damper 53a that opens and closes when the carton C is supplied to the front chamber 53g can be reliably prevented by closing the damper 53c while the damper 53c is open. The environmental condition can be kept good, and the waste can be safely supplied to the melting furnace main body 51.

Further, according to the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, since the waste is stored in the carton C and transferred between the front and rear two chambers 53g and 53h, the waste is dumped by the damper 53a and each chamber 53g. , 53h or the like that does not come into direct contact with the portion of the device 1 that can be contacted from the outside, and therefore it is possible to reliably prevent the harmful substances contained in the waste from adhering to the human body.

Further, according to the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the front chamber 53 of the carton C containing the waste.
g is automatically supplied by the waste supply unit 3 by the H conveyor 31, the V conveyor 33, and the loading unit 35 of the waste supply unit 3, and the waste is supplied in the melting space A of the melting furnace main body 51. After the melting slag generated by the high temperature melting of the melting furnace is discharged from the discharging port 51b of the melting furnace main body 51 to the outside of the melting furnace main body 51, the melting slag is stored in the bucket 71 of the melting slag discharge unit 7 and the outside of the waste treatment apparatus 1 Exhaust gas generated by high temperature melting of waste in the melting space A
In the combustion space B of the combustion furnace body 91, high temperature combustion and sterilization are performed in a plasma state. Therefore, not only is it possible to automate the entire melting process of waste and improve the safety level of the processing work, but, in addition to the post-processing described earlier, the detoxification process of exhaust gas can be performed without harmful substances. It can be surely performed so as not to remain in the exhaust gas.

In the present embodiment, the carton loading section 53
Carton C is supplied to the H
A conveyor 31, a V conveyor 33 that vertically conveys the carton C transferred from the H conveyor 31, and a waste supply unit by a loading unit 35 that transfers the carton C from the upper end of the V conveyor 33 to the primary incineration unit 5. However, the carton C may be supplied to the carton input section 53 by another type such as a hopper type, or the carton C is automatically supplied by the waste supply unit 3. Alternatively, the waste supply unit 3 may be omitted and the carton C may be manually supplied to the carton input unit 53. Further, in the present embodiment, the carton input unit 53 is replaced by the damper 53.
Although the front and rear chambers 53g and 53h are partitioned by b, it is arbitrary how many dampers divide the carton input part 53 into compartments, that is, chambers.

Further, in this embodiment, the slag unloading unit 7 for reciprocating the carriage 73 carrying the bucket 71 in the container 75 unloads the slag generated in the smelting furnace main body 51 to the outside of the apparatus 1. However,
For example, the carry-out pan is moved on the roller conveyor passing directly below the discharge port 51b of the melting furnace main body 51, and the discharge port 51b is moved.
Equipment for receiving molten slag discharged from a pan by a carry-out pan
The structure for carrying out the molten slag to the outside of the apparatus 1 such as the structure for carrying out the melting slag is not limited to the melting slag carrying-out unit 7 shown in the present embodiment, and is arbitrary. Also,
In the present embodiment, the configuration including the molten slag unloading unit 7 and the secondary incineration unit 9 has been described, but one or both of them may be omitted. Further, in the present embodiment, the waste transfer means is configured by the air cylinder 53j and the pusher 53k, but the waste transfer means is configured by elements different from the present embodiment, such as a conveyor type such as a roller conveyor or a belt conveyor. May be.

[0070]

As described above, according to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the waste is charged into the melting furnace through the charging port of the melting furnace, and the plasma state generated inside the melting furnace is generated. A waste treatment apparatus for melting the waste at a high temperature under a chamber, the chamber being connected to the charging port of the melting furnace to define a closed space for charging the waste into the melting furnace; A supply damper provided in the chamber for communicating and blocking the outside and the inside of the chamber, and a charging damper provided for opening and closing the charging port to communicate and shield the inside of the chamber and the inside of the melting furnace. And at least one partition damper that is openably and closably disposed in the chamber and partitions the interior of the chamber into a plurality of closed regions from the supply damper side to the input damper side, and the supply damper. By From the upstream end closed region of the chamber, which is communicated and shielded with the outside of the chamber, to the downstream end blocked region of the chamber, which is communicated with and shielded by the charging damper from the inside of the incinerator, It is configured to include a waste transfer means for transferring the waste.

Therefore, the chambers connected to the charging port of the melting furnace are divided into a plurality of closed regions by the supply, partitioning, and charging dampers, and the supply damper is opened to open the first chamber in the chamber. After the waste supplied to the closed area of the melting furnace is repeatedly closed / opened by the partition damper and transferred between the adjacent closed areas by the waste transfer means, the closed area adjacent to the charging port of the melting furnace is closed. Reaching the area, and with the partition damper between this closed area and the closed area in front of this closed area closed, by opening the input damper at the input port, waste is injected from the closed area into the melting furnace. Becomes Therefore, it is possible to prevent the exhaust gas containing the harmful substances in the melting furnace generated by the high temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace from leaking to the outside of the melting furnace from the charging port when a new waste is charged,
It is possible to maintain a good operating environment around the waste treatment device and to safely supply the waste into the melting furnace.

According to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention,
Since the waste is housed in the carton and the carton is transferred in the chamber by the waste transfer means, the waste is directly contacted with a device part such as a supply damper or a chamber which can be contacted from the outside. And to prevent the harmful substances contained in the waste from adhering to the human body, thus improving safety.

Further, according to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the waste treatment apparatus is connected to the chamber, and the waste supply means for supplying the waste to the chamber is connected to the melting furnace.
A secondary combustion furnace in which exhaust gas generated by high-temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace is burned at high temperature in a plasma state and sterilized, and outside the melting furnace generated by high-temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace It was configured to further include slag unloading means for unloading the discharged molten slag to the outside. For this reason,
Supply of the waste to the chamber through which the waste transferred to the input port of the melting furnace and discharge of the melting slag generated by the high temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace and discharged from the melting furnace to the outside of the apparatus Can not only be automatically and safely performed by the waste supply means and the slag discharge means,
The effect of detoxifying the exhaust gas generated by the high-temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace can be surely performed so that no harmful substances remain in the exhaust gas.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a waste treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the waste supply unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the waste supply unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a bottom portion of a melting space in the melting furnace body of the primary incineration unit shown in FIG.

5 is an enlarged view of the plasma torch attachment of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 5 (b) is FIG.
It is the ii sectional view taken on the line of (a).

6 is a view showing the torch holder of FIG. 5 in a further enlarged manner, FIG. 6 (a) is a front view, FIG. 6 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Loro of FIG. 6 (a), and FIG. 6 (c). Is a partially cutaway bottom view.

7 is an enlarged view showing the molten slag unloading unit shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 7 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 7 (b) is a plan view.
FIG. 7C is a side view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Waste Supply Unit (Waste Supply Means) 51 Melting Furnace Main Body (Smelting Furnace) 51a Carton Input Port (Input Port) 53 Carton Input Portion (Chamber) 53a Damper (Supply Damper) 53b Damper (Partition Damper) 53c Damper (Damper for input) 53g Front chamber (closed area at upstream end) 53h Rear chamber (closed area at downstream end) 53j Air cylinder (waste transfer means) 53k Pusher (waste transfer means) 7 Melt slag discharge unit (slag discharge means) 91 Combustion furnace body (secondary combustion furnace) A Melting space (inside the melting furnace) C Carton

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A waste treatment apparatus for injecting waste into an inside of the melting furnace through a charging port of the melting furnace and melting the waste at a high temperature under a plasma state generated inside the melting furnace, wherein: A chamber that is connected to the charging port of the melting furnace and defines a closed space for charging the waste into the melting furnace; and a supply chamber that is provided in the chamber and that communicates and shields the outside and the inside of the chamber. A damper, a loading damper that is openably and closably disposed at the charging port and that communicates and shields the inside of the chamber and the inside of the melting furnace, and an opening and closing member that is disposed inside the chamber and can be opened and closed. At least one partitioning damper for partitioning into a plurality of closed regions from the supply damper side to the input damper side, and above the chamber that is communicated with and shielded from the outside of the chamber by the supply damper Waste transfer means for transferring the waste in the chamber from the end closed region to the downstream end closed region of the chamber which is communicated with and shielded from the inside of the melting furnace by the charging damper. Waste treatment equipment. 2. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste is stored in a carton, and the carton is transferred in the chamber by the waste transfer means. 3. Exhaust gas generated by high-temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace, which is connected to the chamber, supplies waste to the chamber, and is connected to the melting furnace. A secondary combustion furnace for high temperature combustion and sterilization in a plasma state, and a slag unloading means for carrying out the molten slag generated by the high temperature melting of the waste in the melting furnace and discharged to the outside of the melting furnace. Claim 1 or 2 further provided
A waste treatment device as described in the above.