JPH09112173A - Method and apparatus for excavating hard rock zone - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To excavate a general soil zone and hard rock zone efficiently. SOLUTION: The apparatus includes a tubing mechanism 4 for pushing in with rotation a casing tube 1 with an excavation bit 2 attached in its tip end and a drilling mechanism 56 for pushing in with rotation a drill 81 with a hard rock excavation tool 76 provided on its tip end by a rotating driving mechanism 62 being elevated along the leader 58 planted on the frame 8 of the tubing mechanism 4. The general soil zone is excavated by discharging soil and sand in the casing tube 1 by the use of a hammer grab, and the hard rock zone is excavated by the use of a drilling mechanism 56.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hard rock layer excavating method and apparatus suitable for excavating a hard rock layer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known an all-casing method in which a casing tube is extruded while rotating while pushing a casing tube, and earth and sand in the casing tube pushed into the ground is discharged by a hammer grave.

[0003] However, when excavating hard rock bed rock, although it is possible to push in while rotating the casing tube, even if the hammer crab is dropped on the columnar rock bed remaining in the casing tube and crushed,
The hammer club is damaged and cannot be discharged.

Therefore, when excavating such a hard rock layer, a reverse circulation method (so-called reverse method) using a roller bit for excavating hard rock attached to the tip of a drill pipe has been used.

[0005]

However, since the hard rock layer is below the general soil layer, when the general soil layer is excavated by the reverse method, the excavation speed is slow and the required work time until reaching the hard rock layer is long. was there. In addition, since the reverse method is a surface layer casing method, there is a problem that excavation below this tends to be affected by soil properties, verticality cannot be sufficiently secured, and hole walls are likely to collapse.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hard rock layer excavating method and an apparatus therefor capable of efficiently excavating a general soil layer and a hard rock layer.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following means to solve the problem. That is, while pushing the casing tube with the drill bit attached to the tip while rotating, excavating until reaching the hard rock layer while discharging the earth and sand in the casing tube,
After that, after excavating the hard rock layer while rotating the casing tube, a drill provided with a hard rock excavator is inserted into the casing tube, and the hard rock layer is excavated by pushing while rotating the drill. The hard rock formation excavating method is characterized in that the water supplied into the casing tube is discharged together with debris. Sediment up to the hard rock layer may be discharged by a hammer mag.

Further, a tubing mechanism for pushing a casing tube having a drill bit attached to its tip while rotating it, and a rotary drive mechanism that is moved up and down along a leader installed upright on the frame of the tubing mechanism are provided with a hard rock at the tip. A hard rock layer excavating device is provided with a drilling mechanism that pushes while rotating a drill provided with an excavating tool. At this time, the reader may be supported so as to be rotatable around its axis.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a casing tube having a drill bit 2 attached to its tip, and the casing tube 1 is inserted into and attached to a tubing mechanism 4. As shown in FIG. 2, the tubing mechanism 4 includes a plurality of wedge members 5 arranged at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the casing tube 1, and the wedge member 5 has a link 7 whose both ends are pivotally supported by a rotating ring 6. Is hung through. The rotating ring 6 has a bearing 10 on the upper frame 8.
The upper frame 8 and the elevating frame 12 are rotatably supported via a plurality of chuck cylinders 14.

A rotating body 18 having an insertion hole 16 into which the casing tube 1 can be inserted together with the outer peripheral wedge member 5 is rotatably supported via a bearing 20 on the elevating frame 12. A taper surface 24 corresponding to the taper surface 22 formed on the back surface of the wedge member 5 is formed in the insertion hole 16. A gear portion 28 is formed on the outer periphery of the rotating body 18, and a small gear (not shown) of a hydraulic motor 36 attached to the elevating frame 12 is meshed with the gear portion 28.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, four first guide cylinders 42 are arranged in parallel with the casing tube 1 at four corners of the elevating frame 12 so as to penetrate the elevating frame 12. A flange portion 44 formed on the first guide cylinder 42 is fixed to the lower surface of the elevating frame 12. A cylindrical guide member 43 attached to the lower surface of the upper frame 8 is slidably fitted to the outer periphery of the first guide cylinder 42 protruding above the lifting frame 12, and the upper frame 8 and the lifting frame 12 are slidably fitted together. And 12 are supported so as to be vertically movable relative to each other.

The outer circumference of a second guide cylinder 46, which is erected on the base frame 45, is slidably fitted into the inner circumference of the first guide cylinder 42.
A flange portion 48 is formed. The head side of the cylinder 50 is fixed to the upper end of the first guide cylinder 42, and the rod 5 of the cylinder 50 is fixed to the second guide cylinder 46.
2 are connected via a pin 54.

As shown in FIG. 1, a drilling mechanism 56 is arranged on the upper frame 8, and the drilling mechanism 56 is provided with a leader 58 erected on the upper frame 8 so as to be rotatable around its axis. ing. A rail 60 is laid along the axial direction of the leader 58, and a rotation drive mechanism 62 is supported on the rail 60 by a pair of guide gibs 64 so as to be movable up and down along the rail 60. A fixed member 63 is attached to the reader 58, and the fixed member 63 and the rotary drive mechanism 62 are detachably connected by a connecting member 65.

The rotary drive mechanism 62 includes a rotary drive mechanism 62.
The rod sides of the two hydraulic cylinders 66 and 68 provided on both sides of are connected to each other, and the head sides of the hydraulic cylinders 66 and 68 are detachably connected to the upper frame 8.
The rotary drive mechanism 62 is attached to rotate the drill pipe 70, and the drill pipe 70 is connected to a drain hose 74 via a swivel joint 72 attached to the rotary drive mechanism 62. Further, the drill pipe 70 is configured by connecting a plurality of pipes having a predetermined length.

As shown in FIG. 3, a hard rock excavator 76 is fixed to the tip of the drill pipe 70, and a plurality of hard rock bits 78 are attached to the bottom of the hard rock excavator 76. There is. As the hard rock bit 78, a well-known roller bit or disc cutter used for excavating a hard rock layer is used. The tip of the drill pipe 70 is opened downward on the bottom surface of the hard rock drilling tool 76, and the hard rock drilling tool 76 is formed with a plurality of through holes 80 in the axial direction. In the present embodiment, a hard rock drilling tool 76 equipped with a drill pipe 70 and a hard rock bit 78 is used for drilling 81.
Is configured.

A drill pipe 70 above the hard rock drilling tool 76.
A stabilizer 82 is attached to the. The outer periphery of the stabilizer 82 is formed in a size that can be inserted into the inner periphery of the casing tube 1, and is configured to prevent the drill pipe 70 from swinging.

A tip of a water supply pipe 84 for supplying water from a tank or the like (not shown) is opened in the casing tube 1. Further, an air feed pipe 86 is arranged in parallel with the drill pipe 70, and the tip of the air feed pipe 86 extends to near the tip of the drill pipe 70.

Next, the operation of the above-described hard rock layer excavating device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The following describes an example of excavation of a ground having a hard rock layer 92 under a general soil layer 90 such as clay, silt, and gravel. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the leader 58 rotates 90 degrees to move the rotary drive mechanism 62 into the insertion hole 1 of the tubing mechanism 4.
6 Retreat from above. At this time, the rotation driving mechanism 62 and the fixing member 63 are connected by the connecting member 65 to prevent the rotation driving mechanism 62 from descending, and the hydraulic cylinders 66, 6 are connected.
8 and the upper frame 8 are disconnected.

Then, the casing tube 1 is inserted into the tubing mechanism 4 and the chuck cylinder 14 is driven. As a result, the guide member 43 slides along the first guide cylinder 42, the upper frame 8 is pulled down, and the wedge member 5 passes through the bearing 10, the rotary ring 6, and the link 7.
Is inserted between the outer periphery of the casing tube 1 and the tapered surface 24 of the rotating body 18. The tapered surface 22 of the wedge member 5 slides along the tapered surface 24, and the plurality of wedge members 5 grip the outer circumference of the casing tube 1.

Next, the hydraulic motor 36 is driven to rotate,
The casing tube 1 is rotated together with the rotating body 18.
Further, the cylinder 50 is driven toward the contraction side, the first guide cylinder 42 slides on the outer periphery of the second guide cylinder 46, and the elevating frame 12 is lowered together with the first guide cylinder 42. Thereby, the casing tube 1 is pushed into the ground while rotating, and the excavation bit 2 at the tip of the casing tube 1 excavates.

When the entire stroke of the cylinder 50 is driven, the rotation of the hydraulic motor 36 is once stopped and the chuck cylinder 14 is driven to drive the wedge member via the upper frame 8, the bearing 10, the rotating ring 6 and the link 7. 5 is pulled up, and the grip of the casing tube 1 is released.

Then, the cylinder 50 is driven toward the extension side, and the first guide cylinder 42 slides on the outer periphery of the second guide cylinder 46 to raise the elevating frame 12. Then, by repeating the above-described operation, the outer circumference of the casing tube 1 is gripped, and while the rotating body 18 is rotated, the elevating frame 12 is lowered and the casing tube 1 is pushed.
By repeating this operation, excavation by the casing tube 1 is performed. In addition, the casing tube 1 can be excavated more deeply by adding.

As shown in FIG. 6A, when the casing tube 1 is pushed in while being rotated and excavated by the excavation bit 2, earth and sand remain inside. The earth and sand is caused to drop the hamag rab 94 lifted by a crane (not shown), and is discharged to the outside of the casing tube 1 by the hamag lab 94. By excavating using the casing tube 1, excavation at a large depth can be performed while reliably preventing hole wall collapse, and a highly vertical pile hole can be obtained. Therefore, it can be applied even when the general soil layer 90 is thick.

This is repeated until the drill bit 2 reaches the hard rock layer 92. When the drill bit 2 reaches the hard rock layer 92, the earth removal by the hammer mug 94 is stopped and only the casing tube 1 is hard rock layer as described above. Push it into 92 while rotating it. Casing tube 1 is hard rock layer 92
After pushing it to a predetermined depth, the casing tube 1 is temporarily stopped from rotating.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, the drill pipe 70 to which the hard rock excavator 76 is attached is suspended by a crane (not shown) and inserted into the casing tube 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the leader 58 is rotated to match the center of the casing tube 1 with the rotation center of the rotary drive mechanism 62, and the drill pipe 70 is connected to the rotary drive mechanism 62. Further, the connecting member 65 is removed, and the head sides of the hydraulic cylinders 66 and 68 are connected to the upper frame 8.

On the other hand, water is supplied from the water supply pipe 84 into the casing tube 1. The water level at the time of supplying water may be the same level or lower than the ground level. Prevention of the hole wall collapse is performed by the casing tube 1, and the amount of supplied water is sufficient if there is an amount necessary for sucking debris.

Next, the drill pipe 70 is rotated by the rotary drive mechanism 62, and the hydraulic cylinders 66 and 68 are driven to the pulling side to push the drill pipe 70 into the hard rock layer 92 while rotating the hard rock excavator 76. Press down. Therefore, the hard rock layer 92 is excavated by the hard rock bit 78 of the hard rock excavator 76.

At the same time, the compressed air is supplied from the air feed pipe 86 to the lower end of the hard rock excavation tool 76, so that the air lift effect is produced, and the supplied water passes through the through hole 80, the drill pipe 70 and the swivel joint 72. The water is pumped through the drain hose 74 and drained from the casing tube 1. The drainage is sucked from the drill pipe 70 opened downward in the center of the hard rock excavator 76, so that the debris from the bit 78 for hard rock is also sucked in at the same time, helping the lift of the debris and the casing tube. 1 is discharged to the outside (FIG. 3C).

The casing tube 1 is pushed in while rotating, and the hard rock layer 92 is excavated by the hard rock excavator 76,
The above steps are repeated. Thereby, the hard rock layer 92 can be excavated to a predetermined depth. Incidentally, if the casing tube 1 and the drill pipe 70 are added to extend the entire length, various depths can be dealt with.

After the hard rock layer 92 has been drilled to the required depth, the drill pipe 70 is removed from the rotary drive mechanism 62, the leader 58 is rotated, and the drill pipe 70 and the hard rock drilling tool 76 are inserted into the casing tube. Take it out of 1. Then, a rebar cage (not shown) is inserted, concrete is poured, and the cylinder 50 of the tubing mechanism 4 is driven to pull out the casing tube 1.

As described above, according to the hard rock layer excavating method of this embodiment, since the general soil layer 90 is excavated by the casing tube 1, it is possible to excavate while maintaining the verticality even if the general soil layer 90 is thick, and the hole is formed. The wall can be surely prevented from collapsing. Further, since the earth and sand in the casing tube 1 are discharged by the hammer mug 94, it is possible to efficiently excavate and excavate in a short time. After reaching the hard rock layer 92, the hard rock bit 78 of the drill 81 excavates, so that the excavation can be performed efficiently. It should be noted that instead of the hammer mug 94, the same can be done by discharging earth and sand with a rotating bucket or the like.

According to the hard rock layer excavating device of this embodiment, the casing tube 1 can be pushed while rotating, and the drill 81 having the hard rock bit 78 attached therein can be inserted into the casing tube 1 for rotation. The general soil layer 90 can be excavated in a short time and the hard rock layer 92 can be excavated. Further, by making the leader 58 rotatable, the rotary drive mechanism 62 can be easily retracted from the casing tube 1.

As described above, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments at all, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0034]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described in detail above, the method for excavating a hard rock layer of the present invention can excavate a general soil layer while maintaining verticality and surely preventing collapse of a hole wall, and at the same time, excavating a hard rock layer. Since it is excavated with a hard rock excavator, it can be excavated efficiently in a short time. In addition, the hard rock layer excavating device can push in while rotating the casing tube, and can insert the drill provided with the hard rock excavating tool into the casing tube and push in while rotating, thus shortening the general soil layer. In addition to being able to drill in time, it is possible to drill hard rock formations. Further, by allowing the leader to swivel, the rotary drive mechanism can be easily retracted from the casing tube.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a hard rock layer excavating device as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the tubing mechanism of this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a casing tube and a drill according to this embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the hard rock layer excavation device of this embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which the leader of the hard rock layer excavating device of the present embodiment is turned to retract the rotary drive mechanism.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a process sequence of the hard rock layer excavation method of the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Casing tube 2 ... Drilling bit 4 ... Tubing mechanism 8 ... Upper frame 12 ... Lifting frame 45 ... Base frame 56 ... Drilling mechanism 58 ... Leader 62 ... Rotation drive mechanism 65 ... Connecting member 66, 68 ... Hydraulic cylinder 70 ... Drill pipe 76 ... Hard rock excavator 78 ... Hard rock bit 81 ... Drill 90 ... General soil layer 92 ... Hard rock layer 94 ... Hammaglab

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A casing tube having a drill bit attached to its tip is pushed while rotating, and earth and sand in the casing tube are discharged to excavate until a hard rock layer is reached, and then, the casing tube is rotated to form a hard rock layer. After excavating, a drill provided with a hard rock drilling tool is inserted into the casing tube, the hard rock layer is drilled by pushing while rotating the drill, and the water supplied into the casing tube is rocked. A method for excavating a hard rock layer, which is characterized in that it is discharged together with waste. 2. The method of excavating a hard rock layer according to claim 1, wherein the sediment until reaching the hard rock layer is discharged by a hammer mag. 3. A hard rock at the tip by a tubing mechanism that pushes while rotating a casing tube having a drill bit attached to the tip and a rotary drive mechanism that is moved up and down along a leader installed upright on the frame of the tubing mechanism. A hard rock layer excavating device, comprising: a drilling mechanism that pushes while rotating a drill provided with an excavating tool. 4. The hard rock layer excavating device according to claim 3, wherein the leader is supported so as to be rotatable about its axis.