JPH09111514A - Swimming suit for race - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a swimming suit in which a plurality of fine projections are formed in groups at specific places in the stretchable base material constructing a swimming suit to increase turbulent flow on the surfaces of the main body of the swimming suit thereby inhibiting the water flow from peeling off from the suit surface to reduce the pressure drag. SOLUTION: A swimming suit is constructed with a stretchable base material and a plurality of fine projections 2 are formed in independently separated groups at least one place selected from breast A, shoulder blade B, buttock C and abdomen D. The height of the projections is suitably 0.5-2.5mm. They are preferably arranged in zigzag patterns in the body length direction. When the zigzag projection groups are sectioned with gaps extending in the body length direction, the effect to reduce the drag force is increased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for reducing the resistance of swimwear, and more particularly to a swimsuit which reduces the resistance of a swimmer from water in a swimming competition and helps improve records.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In swimming competitions for 1/100 second,
Record improvement is the fight against water resistance. The proportion of the resistance of swimsuits among them is large, and the resistance of swimsuits for women, especially women's swimsuits, greatly affects the record. Conventionally, as a means to reduce the resistance of swimwear, the shape of the swimwear has been improved to reduce the ingress of water and air from the openings, and the smoothness of the surface of the base material forming the swimwear is increased to reduce the frictional resistance with water. The method of doing is mentioned. In addition, recently, a non-water flow straightening sheet with fine ridges provided in parallel to the flow of water on the surface is attached near the opening of the swimsuit (Jikkei 5-38006).
In addition, a large number of base strips are spaced apart in parallel to the flow of water, and a large number of fine protrusions are provided so as to project onto the surface of the fabric with respect to the base strips. What was provided in the opening (Actual fair 6-34324
No.). Further, in addition to swimwear, there are cycle wear, competition ski wear, and the like in which a linear protrusion that is orthogonal to the flow is provided immediately before the separation position of the air flow.

[0003]

The total resistance a swimmer receives in a swimming competition is considered to be: total resistance = surface friction resistance + shape resistance (pressure resistance) + wave-making resistance. Is surface friction resistance and shape resistance (pressure resistance), of which about 9
It is said that 0% is shape resistance. The mechanism of the generation of shape resistance is shown in FIG. In the case of the human body, the pressure increases at the bulging parts such as the chest, back, and buttocks against the flow of water during swimming, the pressure decreases along the bulge, and the pressure increases when exceeding the top of the bulge. At this time, the flow of water along the surface of the swimsuit is separated, and a vortex that flows backward is generated behind the bulging portion, which becomes resistance.

As a means for reducing the shape resistance of a swimsuit, there are the above-mentioned Jitsuhei 5-38006 and Jitsuhei 6-34324. However, as in Jaehei 5-38006, a non-water-permeable sheet is provided on the swimsuit surface. When attached to, the water and air that have entered through the opening will stay between the swimsuit and the human body, causing swelling and waviness, leading to increased resistance. In addition, actual fairness 6-3
4324, in which the base strips provided with fine projections are spaced apart, can be expected to have a rectifying effect to some extent, but a large effect cannot be expected because it is provided near the opening and does not cover the protruding part of the human body. .

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems A swimsuit according to the present invention is applied to a base material surface at any one position or at two or more positions near the top of a protruding part such as a chest, abdomen, scapula, and buttocks when worn. , By providing a plurality of independent fine protrusions and forming a group of protrusions, turbulence of the water flow flowing on the surface of the swimsuit body is promoted and by suppressing separation of the water flow on the swimsuit surface during swimming. It reduces pressure resistance, and because independent projections are directly fixed to the surface of the base material, the resistance due to swelling or waviness of the base material of the swimwear does not accumulate water or air that has entered through the opening of the swimwear. There is no increase.

The turbulent flow accelerating effect can be obtained by linear projections perpendicular to the flow, but the projections themselves also have resistance, and by using independent fine projections as in the present invention as compared with linear projections, The area of resistance is minimized and a sufficient turbulent flow promoting effect is obtained. In addition, by dividing the projections into small projections in the body length direction, the flow velocity of the water flow flowing on the surface of the base material having the projections is such that the base material surface of the projection-free space between the projections The flow velocity becomes slower than that of the water flow, and a fast flow entrains a slow flow to generate a vertical vortex. This vertical vortex has larger energy than normal turbulent flow, contributes to the separation prevention effect of the backward flow, and further improves the drag reduction effect.

Further, by arranging in a zigzag pattern, turbulent flow is efficiently generated even when the water flow is in an oblique direction during a swimming motion, and a resistance reducing effect is obtained. Further, although the peeling position slightly changes depending on the flow velocity, body type, posture change during swimming, etc., it is possible to cope with these changes by providing a plurality of protrusions as a protrusion group.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A swimsuit according to the present invention is a swimsuit made of a stretchable base material, and it can be used at any one or more of the chest, abdomen, scapula, and buttocks. A plurality of independent fine projections are provided on the surface of the base material, and the projections form a projection group, or the projections form a projection group divided by a gap extending in the length direction. It is a swimsuit that is characterized by It is possible to form the projections by arranging the projections forming the projections in a grid shape in the body length direction, but by arranging the projections in a zigzag shape in the body length direction. It is preferable to configure.

The interval between the protrusions forming the protrusion group is 3
The width of the gap portion provided between the projection groups is preferably 10 to 20 mm. The height of the protrusion is 0.5 to
It is preferable that the height is 2.5 mm, and the heights of all the protrusions may be the same, or the height may be changed for each portion where the protrusion group is provided. Furthermore, it is possible to change the height of the protrusions that form the protrusion group even within one protrusion group.

The protrusions are made of synthetic resin or synthetic rubber such as silicone, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. Although it is possible to bond them with an adhesive or the like, it is preferable to form them by fusion by a direct thermoforming method, a high frequency fusion method, an injection molding method or a dipping method.

The base material according to the present invention is a cloth which is partially or wholly interwoven or interwoven with synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon and polypropylene and elastic fibers having elasticity such as polyurethane and polyether ester. It is preferable to use a cloth that stretches freely in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction and is in close contact with the body of the swimmer. Further, the base material is a cloth knitted or woven of synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon and polypropylene and elastic fibers having elasticity such as polyurethane and polyether ester, the surface of which is subjected to hot pressing. It can also be smoothed.

[0012]

EXAMPLE In a high-neck style women's swimming suit, as shown in FIG. 1, a swimsuit body 1 made of a stretchable base material is formed so as to be substantially orthogonal to the flow near the top of the chest A.
A plurality of fine protrusions 2 are arranged in a plurality of rows to form a protrusion group. As shown in FIG. 3, the protrusion 2 has a diameter r of 3 m.
m and height h are independent and substantially hemispherical protrusions each having a height of 2 mm. Silicone rubber is directly molded integrally on the surface of the swimsuit body 1 by thermoforming.
The distance from the center of the protrusion is 6 mm. Furthermore, the respective protrusions are arranged in a staggered manner.

FIG. 5 shows a mechanism of generation of shape resistance in a conventional swimsuit. In the case of the human body, when the water stream 5 collides with the most swollen portion of the chest A, the scapula B, the buttocks C, the abdomen D, etc., against the water stream 5 during swimming, the pressure increases there, causing bulging. The pressure gradually decreases along. This pressure becomes the lowest near the top of the bulging portion, and when it exceeds the top, the pressure increases again, and the flow of the water stream 5 near the surface of the human body is accelerated in the traveling direction of the human body. At this time, the water stream 5 along the surface of the bathing suit is separated behind the projecting portion, and a vortex 6 is generated to cause shape resistance. On the other hand, in the swimming suit according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the protrusions form a protrusion group on the surface of any one or more of the chest A, scapula B, buttocks C and the like. Is provided. Therefore, the water flow 5 flowing on the surface of these bulging portions becomes fine turbulent flow due to the protrusions and flows backward. The water flow that has been separated on the surface of the conventional swimsuit becomes turbulent, so that the force that withstands acceleration due to the pressure difference becomes large and separation becomes difficult.

In order to effectively suppress the peeling, the position where the group of protrusions is provided is the body length from the apex of the most protruding bulge in each of the chest A, scapula B, buttocks C or abdomen D. 30-60 upstream of the water flow
A range of 10 to 30 mm on the downstream side of the peak of the bulge is suitable from the position of mm. This is because the separation of the water flow occurs behind the apex of the bulge, so that it is necessary to generate turbulence on the front side of the apex, that is, on the upstream side. Further, in the width direction, it is preferable to provide the bulge in each region of the chest A, scapula B, buttocks C or abdomen D. This is because the projections generate turbulence and suppress the separation of the water flow, but on the other hand, it increases the surface friction resistance of the swimsuit, so it is efficient to provide it only in the range where bulge is observed in the previous period. Because it is. However, these positional values are not limited, and the design can be changed according to the swimmer's speed in the water and the swimming method.

Another embodiment of the swimsuit according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
Shown in The swimming race swimsuit shown in FIG. 2 is a swimming race swimsuit characterized in that the projection 2 constitutes a projection group 3 divided by a gap portion 4 extending in the body length direction. As shown in FIG. 6, the flow rate of water flowing on the surface of the swimsuit body 1 is different between that flowing on the surface of the projection group 3 and that flowing on the surface of the gap portion 4 where no projection is provided. As a result, the water flow flowing through the gap portion 4 having a high flow velocity engulfs the water flow flowing over the surface of the protrusion group 3 having a low flow velocity, and a so-called vertical vortex 7 is generated at the boundary portion between the gap portion 4 and the protrusion group 3. The vertical vortex 7 has a larger energy than the turbulent flow, and is generated in the vicinity of the gap 4 and flows to the rear of the protruding portion, so that it has an effect of preventing separation of the water flow. The synergistic effect with the turbulent effect produces a greater effect.

Next, more specific examples will be shown to try to compare the performance with that of a conventional swimming race swimsuit. The substrate using the Toray Co., Ltd. polyester yarn "Tetron (registered trademark)" 40 ^d / 36 ^f and by Du Pont-Toray Co., Ltd. polyurethane elastic yarn "operon (registered trademark)" 40 ^d used in the swimsuit body , 32 gauge double reed single tricot machine with polyester thread on front reed and polyester thread on back reed 8
It is knitted into a half structure by supplying 0% and 20% polyurethane yarn. Using this base material, a high-neck style female swimsuit is prepared and used as a comparative example.

The protrusion is provided as follows. That is, a hemispherical concave hole having a diameter of 3 mm and a depth of 2 mm is dug in the upper surface of the flat plate mold in accordance with the shape of the projection group. A silicone rubber mixed with a cross-linking agent is poured so as to cover all of the recessed holes, and the silicone rubber overflowing from the recessed holes is scraped off so that only the recessed holes are filled with the silicone rubber. In this state, the cloth made of the base material is placed on the mold, and the back surface of the cloth is pressed by a heating press machine. After pressing at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined pressure, the cloth is cooled and removed from the mold, and the recone rubber, which has been filled in the recessed holes, is fixed to the surface of the cloth as an independent protrusion.

The resistance values of the swimsuit according to the present invention constituted by the above method and the conventional swimsuit of the comparative example were compared by using a resistance test apparatus using a human body model shown in FIG. In the resistance test apparatus shown in FIG. 7, a test swimsuit 49 is worn on a human body model 43 (height 1630 mm) supported by two struts 44 a and 44 b extending from a connecting rod 45, and the test swimsuit 49 is attached to the circulating water tank 48. It is made to settle in and the resistance is measured. The connecting rod 45 includes two metal columns 4
It is fixed to the ceiling with 6a and 46b, while the metal support 4
Strain gauges 47a and 47b are installed on 6a and 46b, respectively. Therefore, the magnitude of resistance received by the human body model 43 wearing the swimsuit 49 from the water flow is measured by a dynamic strain gauge as an electric signal from the strain gauges 47a and 47b, and is displayed and recorded on a personal computer via an A / D converter. It The speed of the water flow in this measurement is 1.8 m /
s.

(Embodiment 1) In Embodiment 1 of the swimming race swimsuit according to the present invention, the projection group 3 is provided on the chest A as shown in FIG. The protrusions 2 have a diameter r of 3 mm and a height h of 2 mm, and are hemispherical as shown in FIG. 3, and the distance L between the protrusions is 6 mm from the center to the center. Further, the protrusions 2 are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the body length direction. In this case, the resistance reduction effect of about 0.5% of the total resistance value was obtained with respect to the comparative product having no protrusion.

(Embodiment 2) In Embodiment 2 of the swimming suit according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, four projection groups 3 divided by a gap 4 are provided on the chest A, and each projection 2 Are arranged in a zigzag pattern in the longitudinal direction. in this case,
Compared to the comparative product without protrusions, the total resistance value is about 1.
There was a resistance reduction effect of 5%. It is considered that this is because the effect of the vertical vortex is added due to the provision of the gap portion 4.
The diameter r, height h, shape of the protrusions, and the distance L between the protrusions
Is the same as in Example 1.

(Embodiment 3) In Embodiment 3 of the swimming race swimsuit according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, four projection groups 3 divided by a gap portion 4 are provided on the chest A, and the central 2 It is one in which two projection groups are displaced upward by 10 mm. The protrusions 2 are arranged in a staggered pattern with respect to the body length direction. In this case, the resistance reduction effect of about 2.0% of the total resistance value was obtained as compared with the comparative product having no protrusion. This is the gap 4
It is considered that this is because the effect of the vertical vortex due to the provision of the above is added and the projection group can be made to correspond to the difference in water flow between the valley portion and the raised portion of the chest A. The diameter r, height h, shape, and distance L between the protrusions are the same as in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 4) In Embodiment 4 of the swimming race swimsuit according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, a group of four protrusions 3 divided by a gap portion 4 is provided on the chest A, and the protrusions 3 are located sideways. The gap part 4 of is slightly angled with respect to the body length direction,
This excludes the protrusions on the part of the chest A that is not bulged. The protrusions 2 are arranged in a staggered pattern with respect to the body length direction. In this case, the resistance reduction effect of about 1.9% of the total resistance value was obtained as compared with the comparative product having no protrusion. It is considered that this is due to the addition of the effect of the vertical vortex due to the provision of the gap portion 4. Further, in this case, the gap 4
When the swimmer actually wears and swims, the same vertical vortex effect can be expected for the water flow that is obliquely received with respect to the body length direction due to the rolling of the body. The diameter r, height h, shape, and distance L between the protrusions are the same as in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 5) In Embodiment 5 of the swimming suit according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 12, the protrusion group 3 is provided on the buttocks C along the protrusions in a substantially V-shaped shape. In this case, the resistance reduction effect of about 0.5% of the total resistance value was obtained with respect to the comparative product having no protrusion. The diameter r, height h, shape, and distance L between the protrusions are the same as in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 6) In Embodiment 6 of the swimming race swimsuit according to the present invention, as shown in FIG.
Is provided. In this case, the resistance reduction effect of about 0.3% of the total resistance value was obtained as compared with the comparative product having no protrusion. Since the protrusion of the scapula C is smaller than that of other parts, it is considered that the contribution of the resistance reducing effect of the projection group is smaller than that of other parts. The diameter r, height h, shape, and distance L between the protrusions are the same as in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 7) Embodiment 7 of the swimming suit according to the present invention is one in which the projection group 3 is provided on the chest A, scapula B, buttocks C and abdomen D as shown in FIG. . In this case, the resistance reduction effect of about 2.2% of the total resistance value was obtained as compared with the comparative product having no protrusion. The effect of reducing the resistance of Example 7 is not a simple sum of the effects of the respective portions shown in the above-mentioned examples. It is believed that the increase in The diameter r, height h, shape, and distance L between the protrusions are the same as in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 8) As shown in FIG. 15, Embodiment 8 of the swimming race swimsuit according to the present invention is provided with the protrusion groups 3 on the chest A, the scapula B and the buttocks C, and the protrusion groups are spaced from each other. It is divided in part 4. In this case, there was a resistance reduction effect of about 2.8% of the total resistance value as compared with the comparative product having no protrusion. This is because in addition to reducing the surface frictional resistance by excluding the projections on the abdomen where the resistance reducing effect is relatively small, the resistance reducing effect due to the vertical vortex is provided by providing the gap portion 4 in each projection group. It is considered that it contributed greatly. The diameter r, height h, shape, and distance L between the protrusions are the same as in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 9) In a ninth embodiment of the swimming suit according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 16, the projection group 3 is provided on the chest A, the scapula B and the buttocks C, as shown in FIG. On chest A
Of the projections of FIG.
Of the gaps 4 provided on the side, the gaps 4 closer to the sides are slightly angled with respect to the body length direction, and the protrusions on the region where the bulge of the chest A is removed are excluded, or (b)
As shown in Fig. 4, the projections of the scapula B and buttocks C are also separated by the gap 4
It is divided by. In this case, as compared with the comparative product having no protrusion, the total resistance value of about 2.7 in (a).
%, (B) also had a resistance reduction effect of 2.8%. This is because the surface frictional resistance is reduced by eliminating unnecessary protrusions in the vicinity of the abdomen D and chest A, which have a relatively small resistance reducing effect, and in addition, by providing a gap portion 4 in each protrusion group, It is considered that the drag reduction effect due to the vortex contributed greatly.

Furthermore, in this case, since the gap portion 4 of the chest A is provided at an angle, when the swimmer actually wears it,
The same vertical vortex effect can be expected for the water flow that is received diagonally to the body length direction as the body rolls. The diameter r, height h, shape, and distance L between the protrusions are the same as in the first embodiment.

The structure and effects of various embodiments have been described in comparison with the conventional swimming swimwear. These effects are further improved by improving the base material used for the swimwear body and the shape of the protrusions. Can be made. For example, if the surface of the base material used for the body of the swimsuit is smoothed, the surface resistance of the entire swimsuit can be further reduced.

The form of the projections according to the present invention is not limited to the size, shape, interval and the like shown in the above embodiment. For example, the height of the protrusion can be appropriately designed in the range of about 0.5 to 2.5 mm, but if it is 0.5 mm or less, the desired turbulent flow effect cannot be expected, while If it is 2.5 mm or more, the surface frictional resistance becomes large, which is rather an adverse effect. Further, as for the shape of the protrusion, as shown in FIG. 17, a cylinder, a cone, a truncated cone, a polygonal column, a polygonal pyramid, a polygonal pyramid, or the like can be appropriately selected.

[0031]

[Effects of the Invention] When the swimsuit according to the present invention is worn and swims,
The projections provided on the surface of the swimsuit generate turbulence and vertical vortices in the water flow flowing on the surface. These turbulent flows and vertical vortices disturb the flow at the swelling part of the swimmer's body before the water flow separates from the surface of the swimsuit, suppress the separation, and reduce the vortices generated behind the swelling part. As a result, the shape resistance is reduced, which contributes to the improvement of recording.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view, a side view, and a rear view of a swimsuit according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view, a side view, and a rear view of a swimsuit according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a protrusion provided on a surface of a base material.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state of water flow flowing on the surface of the swimsuit according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state of water flow flowing on the surface of a conventional swimming suit.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing how vertical vortices are generated on the surface of the swimsuit according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a resistance measuring device using a human body model.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the shape of a protrusion according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Swimsuit main body 2 Protrusion 3 Protrusion group 4 Gap 5 Water flow 6 Vortex 7 Longitudinal vortex A Chest B B Shoulder part C Gluteus D Abdomen 42 Resistance measurement device 43 Human body model 44a Strut 44b Strut 45 Connecting rod 46a Metal strut 46b Metal strut 47a Strain Gauge 47b Strain gauge 48 times running water tank 49 Swimsuit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Kenjiro Mori Inventor Kenjiro Mori 1-12-35 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Mitsuno Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A swimsuit made of a stretchable base material, wherein a plurality of independent fine particles are provided on the surface of the base material at any one or two or more of the chest, abdomen, scapula, and buttocks. A swimming race swimsuit characterized in that projections are provided and the projections form a projection group. 2. A swimsuit made of a stretchable base material, wherein a plurality of independent fine particles are formed on the surface of the base material at any one or more of the chest, abdomen, scapula, and buttocks. A swimming race swimsuit characterized in that projections are provided, and the projections form a group of projections separated by a gap extending in the length direction. 3. The swimming race swimsuit according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions forming the protrusion group are arranged in a zigzag shape in the body length direction. 4. The protrusion is formed of a synthetic resin or synthetic rubber such as silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc., and is directly integrated with a stretchable substrate by adhesion or fusion. The swimming race swimsuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the swimsuit is fixed to the swimsuit.