JPH0911093A - Operation assignment supporting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To minimize and level the operation time of each operator so as to reduce an operation manager's consideration and description time by an operation assignment editing part for deciding the arrangement of operators using a screen for every product and editing for distributing each operation of operation data to the operators. CONSTITUTION: An operation assignment editing part 29 is provided on an assignment device main body and adapted to arrange operators on a screen for every manufacturing lot using a keyboard/mouse and a display, and perform operation assignment and editing for allotting each operation of operation data to an operator, and register the operation position, the operator in the position and the operation of the operator which are the results of assignment in an operation data storing part 28. An operation experience evaluating part 33 is provided on an assignment device main body and adapted to retrieve and evaluate parts of each operator and the existence/absence of his operation experience. In the case of an inexperienced beginner, a warning such as changing of the background color of an operator's name display part of a screen of the display is given.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a work allocation support mechanism in a factory for continuously assembling a plurality of types of products such as industrial machines and household electric appliances on a manual assembly line.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a manual assembly line in which a series of works are divided and assigned to a plurality of workers for assembly, the result of this work assignment affects the production of the line. Generally, in work assignment, work contents are assigned so as to equalize the work time in consideration of each worker's ability and line constraint conditions. However, since the production capacity is adjusted by changing the number of workers to change the number of workers due to attendance and changes in daily production volume, fluctuations in the number of workers, Due to changes or changes in design specifications, the conditions of allocation such as the number of parts and the number of parts are often changed. Further, the same part, that is, the same part name may have different part specifications such as length and material, or may simply have different purchase lots. This difference is expressed as a difference in component code. That is, even if the models are the same, there are assemblies in which the parts code used is different in terms of manufacturing lot. Therefore, if you use parts with different part codes for specification,
In particular, if the specifications of parts are different, there will be serious problems such as abnormal assembly and deterioration of product performance. In addition, even if the parts specifications are the same, the shortage of parts in other assembly may be affected, causing manufacturing confusion.

As described above, there are a wide variety of items that must be taken into consideration when allocating work, and it is difficult to divert the allocation once made, and allocation must be made every day during production. Moreover, since the design information is prepared only at the time of starting the work allocation accompanying the start of the assembling work, and the data is examined and processed on the spot based on this, the allocation process is confused. Further, these assignment tasks were performed by the work manager in writing on a dedicated sheet (work assignment table). Therefore, the labor of allocation is very large.

[0004]

Therefore, conventionally, a new work allocation table is not created every time, but change items are written or modified in the previously created table. For this reason, as the writing and the like are repeated, the work allocation table becomes complicated, resulting in erroneous recognition of entry errors and misreading. Furthermore, when the production lot is reduced and the production switching interval is shortened, the allocation work cannot keep up with the production progress. For this reason, there is a problem that work allocation is not sufficiently studied, work cannot be leveled well, production efficiency drops, and description of parts and work, misreading occurs and defects and line stops occur. .

On the other hand, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-290188, an attempt has been made to reduce the number of preparation steps by converting the above-mentioned allocation, which was conventionally performed by a work manager to write on a dedicated sheet, to OA using a personal computer. However, it does not take into consideration the parts that require the most labor and the determination of the required work.

The object of the present invention is to improve the quality of work assignment (to minimize and equalize the work time of each worker) and to shorten the assignment time (work manager's consideration and description time). It is to provide the function.

[0007]

The point of interest of the present invention is that the assembly work required for a certain part is uniquely determined, and the necessary tools are uniquely determined from the assembly work. It is to be able to associate the work and the tool when it is found. For example, in order to assemble a part called a motor, "positioning work" must be performed
It is understood in advance that the screw tightening work will be performed twice, and that the screw tightening work will require a tool called an "air screwdriver." Therefore, since it is not possible to know in advance the ability of individual workers, which is one of the allocation know-how, it means that allocation can only be done on the day.

Therefore, in the present invention, among the detailed work allocation processes, processes that do not require allocation know-how, such as processes relating to workers that cannot be known until the day, are performed in advance.
By allowing the work manager to easily perform only the allocation process for workers who need allocation know-how, the allocation time is shortened and quality is improved. In addition, by using such a method, generation / change of design information such as new design or design change, and change of work due to work improvement or facility specification change, etc. should be performed independently of the actual assembly work in terms of timing. For items that can be processed in advance, such as design changes and work improvement that occur before actual allocation, it is possible to minimize the number of steps and time by processing them individually at the stage of occurrence. it can. Furthermore, if the number of changes in workers is small, a standard worker and the work time there are assumed, and work assignment is made in advance based on this work time so that the worker on the day differs from the standard value. It is also conceivable to correct only the part affected by.

In the present invention, first, a design drawing information storage unit that handles design drawing information for each manufacturing lot, and a part name,
A part information extraction unit that extracts a part code and a work point extraction unit that extracts work points that are points to be noted regarding the assembly work of the parts. Further, by having a parts / work point storage unit that stores the extracted part information and work points for each manufacturing lot, the work and tool associated preparation to be described later is performed.

As described above, if the part names are the same, the work for them is the same, and if the work is the same, the tools used are the same. Therefore, paying attention to the part name, a work information storage unit is prepared in which the part name, a plurality of works relating to the part, tools necessary for each work, and work time for the combination of the part and the work are stored. further,
A work, a tool, and a working time are obtained from the contents of the work information storage unit on the basis of the extracted part name in the work data development unit, and the work data is stored in the work data storage unit for storing each manufacturing lot.

The above can be processed in advance with items that occur before the actual allocation, such as design changes and work improvement.
Therefore, since the work data is prepared at the time of allocation, it is only necessary to distribute each work to the workers, so that the work can be easily edited by the work allocation editing unit using the screen and the mouse. At this time, among the workers on each day, a worker who has no experience of the assigned parts / work combination is considered to be a beginner worker, and the work ability deteriorates. Therefore, a work experience evaluation unit for considering that point is required. . The allocation result is stored in the allocation data storage unit. Further, the assignment data is extracted for each worker by the teaching data creation unit to be combined work teaching data, the teaching data is stored for each worker in the teaching data storage unit for each worker, and the teaching data is displayed on the teaching data display unit. It is presented for each worker.

[0012]

The design drawing information storage unit handles the design drawing information for each manufacturing lot in order to discriminate the specifications and parts of the same model because they are different. The component information extraction unit extracts a component name and a component code from the design drawing information storage unit. The work point extraction unit extracts work points, which are points to be noted regarding the assembly work of the part, from the same design drawing information. The parts / work point storage unit stores part information and work points for each manufacturing lot. From the above, the parts for assembling the product and the specifications of the work can be extracted and sorted.

On the other hand, the work information storage section prepares a part name, a plurality of works related to the part, tools required for each work, and a working time for a combination of the part and the work, and stores the working time. With respect to the contents of the work information storage unit, the work information editing unit corrects the work on the component due to work improvement, the tool, and the work time.

The work data expansion unit obtains the work, tool and work time from the contents of the work information storage unit based on the extracted part name, and stores the obtained work data in the work data storage unit for each manufacturing lot. This completes the data required for work assignment.

In the work allocation editing section, the layout of the workers and the editing of the work data to distribute each work to the workers are performed using a screen for each manufacturing lot, and the work data storage section is allocated with the edits. The result is additionally stored. At this time, the work experience evaluation section investigates the work experience situation of each worker.

The teaching data creation unit extracts the above-mentioned allocation data for each worker and collects it as work teaching data, and stores the teaching data for each worker in the teaching data storage unit for each worker.
Further, the teaching data display section presents teaching data for each worker.

[0017]

EXAMPLE An example in which the present invention is applied to an assembly line will be described.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a work assignment support device according to the present invention. Here, the work allocating apparatus main body 1 is composed of, for example, a personal computer main body, and executes the work allocating process described later by its software. The work allocating device body 1 includes an input device 2 including a keyboard and a mouse as an input means for editing, a display 3 for displaying an allocation table, a printer 4 for printing the created allocation table, and a storage of various data. The storage device 5 is connected. Further, a work teaching device body 6 for teaching the assigned work to the worker is connected, and a display 7 for displaying teaching contents and a storage device 8 for storing work teaching data are connected to the work teaching device body 6. . A plurality of sets of the work teaching device body 6, the display 7, and the storage device 8 are connected by a network or the like according to the number of workers. Also,
The design drawing information storage unit 9 is one of the functions of a computer such as CAD for designing, stores information related to designing, and is connected by a network or the like.

The configuration and order of processing in the present invention will be described in detail below.

FIG. 2 shows the functional configuration of the present invention.
The design drawing information storage unit 21 is included in the storage device 9 and handles design drawing information of manufacturing lots. In the design drawing information, in addition to general design information such as the shape and size of a part, a part name, a part code, and work points, which are points to be noted when assembling the part, are described at the same time. An example is shown in FIG. In addition, even in the same model, the specifications and the parts to be used are different every day, so it is the design drawing information for each manufacturing unit. The parts information extraction unit 22 is the allocation device body 1
The component name and the component code are extracted from the design drawing information storage unit 21. As described above, there are cases where the parts name is the same but the parts specifications such as length and material are different, or the purchase lot is different, and this difference is expressed as a difference in the part code. Therefore, the parts used for the assembly work of a certain manufacturing lot are designated by the part name and the part code. The work point extraction unit 23, which is provided in the layout apparatus main body 1, extracts work points, which are points to be noted regarding the assembly work of the component, from the design drawing information storage unit 21. The parts / work point storage unit 24 is stored in the storage device 5 and stores part information and work points for each manufacturing lot. By the above, the points for assembling the manufacturing lot and the points to be noted in the work have been extracted, sorted and stored. FIG. 4 shows an example of description of parts / work points in the above-mentioned design drawing information.

The work information storage unit 25 is in the storage device 5,
A part name, a plurality of works related to the part, a tool required for each work, and a working time for a combination of the part and the work are registered. An example is shown in FIG. In the example, a part with a part name of “sustainer” is set and screwed in two places as an assembly work, and requires an air driver when tightening the screw, and each work time is 2.2 seconds, 4.0 seconds, 4.6. Registered to be seconds. The work information editing unit 26 is provided in the allocating apparatus main body 1 and uses the keyboard / mouse 2 and the display 3 to add, correct, or delete the contents of the work information storing unit 25. For example, the work is changed for the part due to the work improvement, the tool is corrected accordingly, and the work time is corrected. The same applies to registration of new parts.

The work data expansion unit 27 is in the allocating apparatus main body 1, and based on the name of each part of the extracted manufacturing lot, the work required for each part, the tool,
The working time is obtained, and the above-mentioned part number and working point are also stored in the working data storage unit 28 in the storage device 5 as working data. Further, the work data storage unit 28 additionally registers the worker determined by the work assignment editing unit 29 and the work position thereof. The final data structure is shown in FIG.

The work assignment editing unit 29 is provided in the assignment device main body 1 and uses the keyboard / mouse 2 and the display 3 to arrange the workers on the screen for each production lot and allocate each work of the work data to the workers. Work assignment editing is performed, and the work position as the assignment result, the worker at that position, and the work of the worker are registered in the work data storage unit 28. The work experience evaluation unit 33 is provided in the allocating apparatus main body 1 and searches and evaluates the parts of each worker and the experience of the work. In the case of an inexperienced beginner, a warning such as changing the background color of the operator's name display portion of the screen of the display 3 is issued.

By using both the work information editing unit 26 and the work allocation editing unit 29 at the time of allocation, it is possible to perform allocation while modifying the work data such as adding work points and changing work time. As described above, the work data necessary for actually teaching the work (who, what, where, what is used, and how long it takes) is prepared.

The teaching data creation unit 30 is provided in the teaching device main body 6 and extracts the above-mentioned allocation data for each worker to make it as work teaching data, and teaches it to the teaching data storage unit 31 for each worker in the storage device 8 for each worker. Store data. Further, the teaching data display unit 32 presents teaching data to each worker.

The procedure of work assignment using the present invention will be described below.

First, the work allocation of a new model, that is, the first allocation without a past case will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. A new model is designed, and its contents are stored in the design information storage unit 21. A component name and a component code are extracted from the design information storage unit 21 by the component information extraction unit 22. Further, the work point extracting unit 23 extracts work points which are points to be noted regarding the assembly work. Then, the extracted part name, part code, and work point are stored in the part / work point storage unit 24 that stores each manufacturing lot.
(Step S1) Further, the work data expansion unit 27 is configured to use the part name in the work information storage unit 25, a plurality of works related to the part, the tools required for each work, and the work time in the combination of the parts and work. The work, the tool, and the work time are obtained from the contents of the work information storage unit 25 based on the extracted component name (step S2), and the work data is stored in the work data storage unit 27 for storing each manufacturing lot (step S3). The processing up to this point is automatically performed by the present invention triggered by the completion of the design of the new model. You can save time. At this point in time, the worker in the work data shown in FIG. 6 is undecided.

The work manager allocates the prepared work data to the workers by the work allocation editing unit 29 when the work allocation becomes necessary. At this time, since the individual contents (characters, words) are described by the above processing, the work manager need only register the work shown on the screen to the worker by using a pick-and-place means such as a mouse. .
The state at this time will be described with reference to FIG.

On the screen, the model to be assigned, the production lot number, the number of machines, the number of planned workers, and the takt time are displayed in advance.

First, the part names are displayed in a list on a part of the screen (lower left in this example). At the same time, the work / tool / working time / working point required for assembling each component obtained in steps 2 and 3 are displayed in a list on the screen (lower center in this example). This is an operation mode in which the left part is selected and displayed in the right column. Also,
You can delete or add new items to each list on this screen. Further, a list of workers is displayed in a list (lower right in this example). If the above lists cannot be displayed completely, scroll up and down.

Further, an allocation table having the name of a worker located at each work position and a column in which a plurality of works performed by the worker can be entered is simultaneously displayed (the upper half in this example). The "work position" indicates the position where the worker can work on the line by number. This allocation table cannot be displayed for all work positions, so scroll left and right. Allocation operation is basically performed by an input mechanism that allows pick and place using a mouse or the like (selecting characters displayed on the screen with the mouse, moving them, and pasting them in the required positions).

In the allocation operation on this screen, first, a desired part is selected with a mouse or the like. Then, a list of work / tool / working time / working point required for the part is displayed. When the required work / tool / working time / working point is selected, the work / tool / working time / working point and the part to which the preceding work belongs are both identified. Next, this is moved to the required work column of the required worker by using the mouse or the like, and is pasted. Then, in the work column, it is displayed in a format such as "(component)-(work)". When this operation is repeated until the unassigned work / tool / work time is exhausted, the assignment operation ends (step S4).
That is, the work conventionally performed by writing is basically only required to operate the mouse, which greatly reduces the labor.
When the allocation is completed, the contents are stored in the work data storage unit 28 (step S5).

At this stage, the work allocation is completed. Hereinafter, it relates to a process of presenting the assigned work content to the worker. The teaching data creation unit 30 extracts the above-mentioned allocation data for each worker, collects it (step S6), and stores it in the worker-specific teaching data storage unit 31 (step S7). The teaching data display unit 32 presents the teaching data to each worker (step S8). An example of the presentation screen is shown in FIG.

The work assignment and teaching processing procedures in the present invention have been described above. Separately from this, the contents of the work information storage unit 25 such as registration of new parts using the work information editing unit 26 in advance are described. Addition, correction, and deletion are performed (step S9). This work information edit does not necessarily have to be performed at the time of work assignment, and changes may be collectively edited before assignment. Of course, the work may be assigned while being edited.

Next, the allocation at the time of assembling the conventional model will be described.

The tact of the production lot to be allocated,
If the conditions of the worker, the parts, etc. are not different from the conventional ones, it may be considered immediately after step S4, and the allocation performed before that is read out from the work data storage unit 28, and the processing from step S5 is performed.

When the design drawing information such as parts and work points are different from the conventional conditions, the process starts from step S1.

Even if the design drawing information is the same, if the work is improved and the work for the parts is different, first, the work information storage unit 25 is updated by the work information editing unit 26 (step S9). Step 4 and subsequent steps are performed based on the updated work information.

When the worker is changed due to the absence of work on the day of work, etc., the allocation and subsequent steps in step S4 are performed.

The above procedure is the same when the operator on the same day is assumed to be a standard operator who is an experienced person of the relevant part / work, and the procedure is performed before the day of assembly and is corrected on the day of assembly.

As described above, according to the present system, instead of reprocessing all when changing the allocation condition as in the conventional case,
Minimal processing may be performed according to the status of change. Also,
Even if a new model is assigned, if the parts configuration is similar to the conventional product and the overall assembly work is not so different, the assignment result can be used to perform the assignment in the same procedure as the modification of the conventional model. In this case, the editing man-hour in step S4 is significantly reduced.

[0042]

According to the present invention, the drawing information such as the part name, the part code, and the work point, which is conventionally visually checked and entered by the work manager based on the drawing, is automatically converted into the necessary drawing information. Since it is displayed on the alignment allocation screen in units of manufacturing lots, it is possible to prevent erroneous recognition at the time of drawing reading and erroneous entry at the time of allocation description. Further, since the allocation contents are displayed as they are on the teaching screen, it is possible to prevent a content error during teaching. That is, it is possible to prevent misuse of parts and lack of parts.

Further, according to the present invention, the number of steps at the time of work allocation is reduced, and the work allocation data is prepared in advance to reduce the net allocation time. Will be further advanced, high quality allocation results will be obtained, and production efficiency can be improved. According to the present invention, as the allocation is repeated, the combination status such as parts and work and working time, and worker and work are accumulated. By analyzing this accumulation and making a rule, a work manager unfamiliar with the allocation However, you will be able to make high-quality allocations.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration of an apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a functional configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a design drawing description example.

FIG. 4 is an example of a storage format of information about parts.

FIG. 5 is a configuration example of work data.

FIG. 6 is a processing flow chart according to an embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an example of a part / work point storage format.

FIG. 8 is an example of an allocation screen.

FIG. 9 shows an example of a teaching screen.

[Explanation of symbols]

 S ... Flow steps

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. In a manual assembly line in which a plurality of workers share the work, design drawing information for each product for assembly work in which parts, workers and work contents are different every day even if they are of the same model. A design drawing information storage unit that stores the parts, and a part name that is a general name of a used part and a part code that is a more detailed identification name because the specifications are different even if the same part name is used, from the design drawing information storage unit An information extraction unit, a work point extraction unit that extracts work points that are points to be noted regarding assembly work of the part from the same design drawing information, a part / work point storage unit that stores the part information and work points for each product, and a part name A work information storage unit that stores a plurality of works related to the parts and the parts, tools necessary for each work, and a working time in the combination of the parts and the works; Work information editing unit that performs a modification of the contents, work extracted the part name from the contents of the working information storage unit in the group, working data expansion unit for obtaining a tool, the working time,
A work data storage unit that stores the obtained work data for each product, a work assignment editing unit that determines the placement of workers by using a screen for each product, and edits each work of the work data to distribute to each worker , A work allocation support device comprising a layout data storage unit for storing the layout result. 2. The work allocation support device according to claim 1, focusing on a part name, registering a work according to the part name, a tool and a work time according to the work, and registering from the part name. A work assignment support device that executes a work development method, in which a work and a part name and a tool and a work time are obtained from the work. 3. The work allocation support device according to claim 1, wherein the work name, the work, the tool, and the work time required for assembling the part by the work development method are displayed on the screen. At the same time, the required work / tool / time is allocated to the work / tool / time by a display device that displays an allocation table having a column for entering the worker name and work to be performed by the worker and an input mechanism capable of picking and placing such as a mouse. A work allocation support device having a work allocation screen to be registered in the allocation table together with tools / work time parts. 4. A teaching data creation unit that extracts the assignment data according to claim 1 for each worker and collects it as work teaching data, a teaching data storage unit for each worker that stores the teaching data for each worker, A work assignment support device configured to present a work as an assignment result to each worker, which comprises a teach data display unit for presenting the teach data to each worker. 5. When the parts are decided by the work development method according to claim 2, paying attention to the same work and the same tool if the parts names are the same even if the parts code is different in the assembling work. A work allocation support device that executes a work allocation method in which tools are determined and work is only allocated to workers on the day of assembly. 6. The work assignment support device according to claim 5, wherein the work and tools are determined, and further, assuming a standard worker, the work is assigned in advance according to the work assignment method, and on the day of assembly, A work assignment support device that executes a work assignment method that only modifies the assignment according to the determined ability of the worker. 7. The work assignment support device according to claim 5, wherein the assignment data storage section is searched for the worker on the assembly day, and if there is no assigned part / work in the past, a caution is given on the screen as a work beginner. A work assignment support device that has a work experience evaluation unit that displays a prompt. 8. A manual assembly line in which work is shared among a plurality of workers, and for assembly work in which parts, workers and work contents are different every day even for the same model.
A manual work line in which work is assigned using the work assignment support device described in.