JPH09104004A - Method and device for working precut lumber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve productivity by calculating the whole working time per lumber from working data made by an input means CAD and performing supply, working and carrying away of lumber so as to level working time of each working cell. SOLUTION: Lumber is supplied to a working line B by a lumber feeder 2 consisting of a lumber stocker 2a and a lumber-carrying in means 2b. Working cells 11 -14 consisting of lumber conveyance means 5 and precut working machines 6 are arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of the working line B. A kind and amount of a pillar and a beam to be worked are inputted to an input means (CAD). A plan and the working chart of the pillar or the like are made herein. Working order and working data such as a working part are made and these are sent to a data conversion means (CAM) and the whole working time per lumber is calculated from a working shape of lumber to be worked, working number and working time or the like. Supply of lumber and carrying away of lumber in which working is finished are controlled so as to level working time in the respective working cells 11 -14 . Therefore, the net working rate of the respective precut working machines 6 is made high and productivity is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a method for processing pre-cut wood in which a joint is pre-processed (pre-cut) on wood such as columns and beams used when constructing a wooden house by a conventional construction method (frame construction method). Regarding the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many columns and beams are used to construct a wooden house by a conventional construction method. In recent years, joints of these columns and beams have been precut at a factory before being carried into a construction site. As a result, construction methods have been widely adopted, such as eliminating the time required for on-site processing and shortening the construction period.

Various processing devices and processing machines for pre-cutting joints on wood have been proposed. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication
According to Japanese Patent No. 15609, the tip of the wood sent to the first transport path is clamped by a clamp device, cut by a cutting saw, further sent, and further sent after a tenon is formed at the tip by a tenon removal unit. , The first gripping device grips, and the back end of the timber is processed by a cut-sew and tenon-removing unit. If there is no next processing, it is sent out from the first transport path. If there is the next processing, it is transferred to the second conveyance path by the reverse feeding device and sent in the opposite direction by the second gripping device, and precut processing of the corner only processing part, the boring processing part, the surface processing part, etc. A pre-cut processing machine has been proposed in which processing is performed in one part and is sent out from the second transport path, so that the pre-cut processing machine can perform processing sequentially through two paths.

Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-92802 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-55964), a stopper for defining a machining position of a work on the work transfer path can be controlled to move along the transfer path. And a pair of side surface processing units provided on opposite sides of the transfer path and provided with a plurality of pairs of blades for cutting and perforating both side surfaces of the work, and for vertically perforating the work. A drilling unit including a pair of blades placed above and below the transfer path, and a pair of blades placed above and below the transfer path for cutting the upper and lower surfaces of a workpiece. The lower surface processing unit, the distance between the blade center line of the side surface processing unit and the blade center line of the perforation processing unit, and,
The distance between the center line of the cutting tool of the drilling unit and the center line of the cutting tool of the upper and lower surface processing units is 1 / each of the basic column spacing.
There has been proposed a processing machine for a horizontal construction material for wooden construction, which is characterized in that it is arranged along the transfer path so as to be a multiple of 2.

In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 169402/1993, wood is conveyed on a conveying path, and the wood is clamped at a predetermined processing position to perform joint processing, corner only processing, stud machining with studs, vertical boring processing, and the like. In a precut processing machine configured to sequentially perform processing in the precut processing unit, a rear end gripping unit that grips and transports the rear end of the wood is provided in the preceding stage of the precut processing unit of the wood transport path, and the precut processing is performed. There has been proposed a pre-cut processing machine characterized in that a tip gripping section for gripping and conveying the tip of the wood is mounted in the subsequent stage of the section.

[0006]

However, each of the above-mentioned conventional precut processing machines has a dedicated processing such as a tenon-removing unit, a corner-only processing unit, or a boring processing unit on the conveying path for conveying the wood to be precut-processed. By arranging multiple machines and pre-cutting joints such as tenons and mortises at predetermined positions of wood sequentially with these processing machines, only other corners are processed while wood is being processed Special machines such as machines and boring machines are in a dormant state, and the operating rate of each special machine is low, so there is a problem that productivity is poor. The present invention has been made in order to improve such a conventional problem, and is provided with a plurality of processing cells, and the processing of precut wood is such that wood is supplied so that the processing time is leveled among the processing cells. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a processing apparatus to significantly improve productivity.

On the other hand, in the precut wood manufacturing apparatus of the latter publication, various joints can be processed by exchanging the tools attached to the robot arm. Therefore, as in the former publication, there are a plurality of dedicated processing machines on the line. Although it is not necessary to install it, since the robot used is an articulated robot, it cannot perform processing that receives a large reaction force during processing, resulting in poor productivity and low processing accuracy. The present invention has been made in order to improve such a conventional problem, and is provided with a plurality of processing cells, and the processing of precut wood is such that wood is supplied so that the processing time is leveled among the processing cells. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a processing apparatus to significantly improve productivity.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of processing cells each comprising a wood conveying means and a precut processing machine for precutting wood which is conveyed and positioned by the wood conveying means. Arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of the processing line, and supplying the wood to be processed from the upstream side of the processing line, and the processing shape and processing of the wood to be processed based on the processing data created by the input means in advance. The total processing time per piece of wood is calculated from the number of pieces, the processing time, etc., and multiple pieces of wood are supplied to each processing cell from the upstream side so that the processing time in each processing cell is almost leveled. In addition to carrying out the processing, the finished wood is carried out from the downstream side of the processing line.

Further, a processing line in which a plurality of processing cells including a wood conveying means and a precut processing machine for precutting the wood conveyed and positioned by the wood conveying means are arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the wood to be processed is The total processing time per piece of wood is calculated from the input means for creating the processing data, the processing shape of the wood to be processed, the number of processing, and the processing time based on the above processing data, and the processing time in each processing cell is almost equal. The control means controls each processing cell so that a plurality of pieces of wood are supplied from the upstream side to each processing cell so as to be realized.

Further, a plurality of processing cells are arranged serially from the upstream side to the downstream side of the processing line, or a combination of serial and parallel.

[0011]

[Effect] With the above configuration, the processing time in each processing cell is leveled, so that the operation rate of the precut processing machine provided in each processing cell is increased and the productivity can be improved. Also, by simply inputting the floor plan etc. of the house created in advance into the input means, processing data such as the necessary number of processing points such as wood and joints will be created, and the processing time of each processing cell will be based on this processing data. Since the leveled wood is processed and the wood that has been processed is carried out from the downstream side of the processing line, it is possible to automate the pre-cutting of the wood and simultaneously process multiple wood in multiple processing cells. Because it is possible
The processing time can be shortened and the productivity can be improved accordingly.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 is a block diagram of a serial processing line in which a plurality of processing cells are serially arranged, FIG. 2 is a specific configuration diagram of the serial processing line, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a precut processing machine, and FIG. 4 is precut processing. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the machine, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the tool, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a plurality of processing cells, for example, four processing cells. The first processing cell 1 ₁ , the second processing cell 1 ₂ and the third processing cell 1 ₃ are arranged on the processing line B from the upstream side. They are arranged in the order of the fourth processing cells 1 _4, timber 3 to be pre-cut processing is conveyed from the upstream side to the timber conveying direction indicated by the arrow a, so that the pre-cut machining. 2
Is a wood supply device installed at the uppermost stream of processing line B,
The timber stockers 2a placed in a state where the timbers 3 to be pillars and beams are arranged in a direction parallel to the timber carrying direction A, and the timbers 3 sent out one by one from the timber stocker 2a are sent out in the timber carrying direction A. It is composed of a wood carry-in means 2b.

The wood stocker 2a is composed of a plurality of rows of chain conveyors whose intervals are gradually widened from the reference side so that woods 3 having different lengths can be stored with the left end as a reference. The wood carry-in means 2b is a roller conveyor. It comprises gripping means (not shown) for gripping the wood 3 placed on the roller conveyor and moving it in the wood transport direction A.
And, between the wood carry-in means 2a and the first processing cell 1 ₁ ,
Cutting the loaded timber 3 to a predetermined size (a) in FIG.
The cutting means 4 is provided by an electric saw as shown in FIG. The cutting means 4 first cuts an end portion (left end in the embodiment) which is a reference end of the loaded wood 3 and cuts the wood 3 into a predetermined size with reference to the reference end. There is.

The wood 3 cut into a predetermined size by the cutting means 4 is sent to the first processing cell 1 ₁ . The first processing cell 1 ₁ and the second processing cell 1 ₂ are made up of a precut processing machine 6 composed of a wood conveying means 5 and a 4-axis orthogonal robot. The third processing cell 1 ₃ is made orthogonal to the wood conveying means 5 and 5 axes. consists precut machine 6 ₁ made of type robot, and the fourth processing cell 1 ₄ consists of pre-cut working machine 6 ₂ having a timber transport means 5 and turret 6a.

[0016] Incidentally timber conveying means 5 only the arrangement of the first processing cell 1 _first to fourth working cell 1 ₄ and also transfer means 5a and the roller conveyor 5b different, for the same configuration, the first processing cell 1 ₁ Only the wood conveying means 5 will be described. The wood conveying means 5 transfers the wood 3 carried onto the processing line B onto the processing line of the precut processing machine 6 by a transfer means 5a.
And a transfer means 5b consisting of a roller conveyor provided on the processing line of the pre-cut processing machine 6, and the transfer means 5a has an upper end (waba), a wooden end (koba) and a lower end ( A reversing mechanism (not shown) for reversing the wood), and transporting means 5b carries the timber 3 transferred on the processing line of the precut processing machine 6 and carries it into the precut processing machine 6 for processing. Gripping means (not shown) for positioning the position are provided.

On the other hand, the first processing cell 1 ₁ and the second processing cell 1
_The pre-cut processing machine 6 provided in ₂ is configured as shown in FIG. 4, for example. That is, the Y-axis (wood transport direction A
Column 6 on bed 6a that can move in the same direction as
b is erected, and one end of an arm 6c is supported on the column 6b so as to be vertically movable in the Z-axis direction. The arm 6c is provided so as to project horizontally in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Y-axis, and the spindle support member 6d is supported by the arm 6c so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. A spindle 6f is supported on the spindle support member 6d so as to be rotatable about the horizontal shaft 6e in the γ-axis direction, and the spindle 6f is provided with a spindle shaft 6h rotated by a spindle motor 6g. This spindle shaft 6
A tool 9 for precutting the wood 3 is detachably attached to h. A plurality of types of tools 9 are prepared in advance according to the joint shape to be precut.

An example of the tool 9 is shown in FIGS. Fig.5 (a) shows only the corners for machining dowel holes, Fig.5 (b) shows only the chain for machining dowel holes and oblong holes, and Fig.5 (c) shows a dowel tool for machining dovetail grooves. Then, FIG. 5D shows a router for processing various grooves and the like. The tools 9 are automatically exchanged by the automatic tool exchange device 10.

As shown in FIG. 4, the automatic tool changer 10 has a magazine 10a in which a plurality of tools 9 are stored in advance, and a predetermined tool 9 is taken out from the magazine 10a and attached to the spindle shaft 6h. The tool 9 is removed from the spindle shaft 6h and stored in a predetermined position of the magazine 10a. The above is the first
Is a pre-cut machine 6 4-axis provided in the processing cell 1 ₁ and the second processing cells 1 _2, third processing cell 1 precut machine 6 ₁ provided ₃ of the 4-axis precut machine 6 To rotate the spindle 6f around the vertical axis α
It has a 5-axis configuration with additional axes. The 5-axis pre-cutting machine 6 ₁ is a 4-axis pre-cutting machine 6 shown in FIG.
Since the configuration is the same except that the α-axis motor 6i for performing the turning in the α-axis direction is added to the above, description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, the fourth processing cell 1 ₄ provided on the downstream side
Precut machine 6 ₂ consists of a turret machine, as shown in FIG. 3 (d) and (e). The pre-cut working machine 6 ₂ mainly butt end of the joint timber 3, i.e. dovetail joint or sickle joints, mortise and cylinder feed, etc. efficiently to precut bolt holes, hexagonal shape as shown in (d) of FIG. 3 Turret 6j and a turret 6k having a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 3 (E), and 6 or 4 tools 9 are attached to these turrets 6j and 6k in advance. Then, the tool 9 to be used is selected by rotating the turrets 6j and 6k based on a command from the control device 12 which will be described later, and precut processing of mainly the mouth of the wood 3 is performed. The timber 3 in which all processing is completed through a fourth processing cells 1 ₄ is carried out to the timber unloading device 11 installed in the downstream processing line B,
They are placed side by side in the product stocker 11a of the wood carry-out means 11.

[0021] The foregoing is a plurality of processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ is the configuration of the serial machining lines arranged serially, then the processing method of performing pre-cut processing timber 3 by using the serial line 6 It will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. The control system of the processing line B has an input means (CAD) for inputting processing data such as dimensions of columns and beams to be processed and the shape of joints to be precut, and the input data to the precut processing machine 6 and its surroundings. A data conversion means (CAM) for converting control data to a control device 12 for controlling the apparatus and sending the control data, and the control apparatus 12 for controlling each precut processing machine 6 and peripheral devices based on the control data sent from the conversion means. .

For example, when pre-cutting wood 3 such as columns and beams used for one wooden house, first, a floor plan of the house is prepared, and the columns and beams to be used according to the floor plan. Input the type and quantity into the input means (CAD). Input means (CAD) automatically creates a floor plan based on the input data, then creates machining drawings of all columns and beams from this floor plan, and then creates columns and beams from this machining plan. Create machining data such as machining sequence and machining location. Then, the processed data is sent to the data conversion means (CAM), and the processed data is sent to the wood conveying means 5 and the precut processing machine 6.
It is converted into control data for controlling the above, and scheduling for equalizing loads (processing time) of the plurality of precut processing machines 6 is performed.

In order to level the load of the precut processing machine 6, first, a processing shape (ID) which can be processed in a portion having a different function of each precut processing machine 6 is washed out, and the wood 3 which needs the processing is subjected to each precut processing. Allocate to Machine 6. And the load product of the remaining data, that is, the processing ID ×
The total processing time is calculated from the number of processed pieces × the processing time per piece, and the pre-cut processing machines 6 are distributed so that the total processing time is equal. As a result, even if different tools 9 are attached to the pre-cut processing machines 6 and the processing times are different, the load on the wood 3 is equalized.
Since the precut processing machine 6 is stopped during the processing of the wood 3, the productivity can be improved. The control data converted by the data conversion means (CAM) as described above passes through the control device 12 having the process control computer for controlling the processing line B to the precut processing machines 6 and the wood 3 to these precut processing machines 6. The precut processing machine 6 and the peripheral devices are sent to the peripheral devices to be supplied and controlled as follows.

On the wood supply means 2 installed on the upstream side of the processing line B, the woods 3 to be processed are lined up and placed on the wood stocker 2a, and the operation of the processing line B is started. First, the wood supply means 2 carries in the wood 3 to be processed first onto the wood carry-in means 2b, the carried wood 3 is gripped by the gripping means (not shown) and sent in the wood transport direction A, and the end portion is cut by the cutting means 4. It is cut off. Since the end of the wood 3 is not cut with high accuracy or the end surface is scratched and the quality is not stable,
This is done to remove this portion. When the cutting of the wood 3 is completed, the control device 12 sends control data to the gripping means, and the wood 3 cuts the cutting means 4 based on this control data.
Is moved to and the wood 3 is cut into a predetermined size.

Then, the wood 3 cut into a predetermined size is sent to any of the first processing cell 1 _{1 to} the fourth processing cell 1 ₄ . That is, the processing point of the timber 3 to be processed may not only be processed in a single pre-cut working machine 6 provided on the first to fourth processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 _4, the timber 3 is of the pre-cut machine 6 sent to the first through fourth processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ arranged first processing the location and then hit the machining point that can be processed by a plurality of pre-cut working machine 6, each pre-cut machining The wood 6 is distributed so that the load on the machine 6 is leveled. Each processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ wood 3 that has been distributed to the predetermined processing by the pre-cut machine 6 provided in each processing cell 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ is applied. Although processing of each processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ are performed based on the upper end of the timber 3, if it is necessary to invert the timber 3 for processing the edge and lower end, in each processing cell 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ The wood 3 is once returned to the transfer means 5a of the transportation means 5 provided,
After being inverted by an inversion mechanism (not shown), the conveying means 5b is again provided.
Transfer and process on top. Then, the first processing cell ₁ 1 to 1
_The wood 3 that has passed through the _fourth to fourth processing 1 cells ₁ to 14 and has been processed at all points is carried out to the wood carrying-out means 11 installed on the downstream side, and the product stocker 11a of the wood carrying-out means 11 is carried out. It is placed in the state that it is lined up.

Since the wood 3 such as a pillar is mainly processed with a joint such as a hook, an ant, and a sickle only in the mouth, and many pillars and beams are jointed with the mouth, the fourth processing cell 1 ₄ is to perform the fitting process of the butt in the final step by installing pre-cut working machine 6 ₂ turret type suitable for these processed, the turret precut machine 6
_With No. _2, since the tool change operation is quick, the machining efficiency can be improved.

[0027] The above is a first embodiment in which arranged a plurality of processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ to serially arranging a plurality of processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 _n in serial and parallel as shown in FIG. 7 As for the mixing line, the load of each precut processing machine 6 can be leveled as in the first embodiment. Now it is described with reference to FIG 8 the operation of the second embodiment, processing cells 1 ₁ of first smallest number in the first step -1,1 ₂ -1,
Allocate all the processing points of one wood 3 to 1 ₃ -1,
Then perform processing by distributing a workable machining point in pre-cut working machine 6 of the processing cells 1 ₁ -1 ₂ -1 ₃ -1, similar method sends to the second step When processing is complete Allocate the processing point with. Then, all the processing points of the wood 3 are processed through the third step and the n-th step, and the processed wood 3 is carried out to the wood carrying-out means 11 provided on the downstream side.

In the first embodiment described above, the case where the pillar and the beam are processed on the same processing line B has been described. However, as in the third embodiment shown in FIG.
It may be divided into B'and processed. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining line B'for machining a pillar may be arranged on the upstream side, and the machining line B for machining a beam may be arranged on the downstream side. In this case, the total length of the machining lines B ', B is In order to avoid the lengthening, the beam processing line B is set to the fourth processing cell 1
_{The 4} and the wood carrying-out means 11 may be arranged so as to be folded back.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a precut wood processing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a specific configuration diagram of a precut wood processing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3A to 3E are explanatory views of a precut processing machine provided in the precut wood processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a precut processing machine provided in the precut wood processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

5 (a) to (d) are explanatory views of a tool used in the precut processing machine provided in the precut wood processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of the precut wood processing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a precut wood processing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view of the precut wood processing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a specific configuration diagram of a precut wood processing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a specific configuration diagram of a precut wood processing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ₁ to 1 ₄ ... machining cell 3 ... timber 5 ... timber conveying unit 6 ... precut machine 12 ... control unit CAD ... input means A ... timber conveying direction B ... processing line.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A downstream from the upstream side of the plurality of processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ made of pre-cut machine 6 which pre-cut machining wood 3 conveyed positioned machining line B by timber conveying means 5 and the wood conveying means 5 The wood 3 to be processed, which is arranged on the side of the processing line B, and which is to be processed from the upstream side of the processing line B, and the processing shape, the number of processing, and the processing of the wood 3 to be processed based on the processing data created by the input means CAD in advance. calculate the total working time per timber from, time, and each processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ a plurality of timber 3 from the upstream side to as processing time in each processing cell 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ are substantially leveled A method for processing precut wood, comprising supplying the wood 3 for precut processing and carrying out the processed wood 3 from the downstream side of the processing line B. Wherein the plurality of processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ wood 3 conveyed positioned by timber conveying means 5 and the wood conveying means 5 consisting of a precut machine 6 to pre-cut processing are arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side Processing line B and input means CAD for creating processing data of the wood 3 to be processed,
Machining shape and machining speed of the timber 3 to be processed based on the processing data to calculate the total working time per timber, and the processing time in each processing cell 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ are substantially leveled with and processing time processing of pre-cut wood from the upstream side to the processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ are a plurality of timber 3, characterized in that it comprises a control means 12 for controlling the respective processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ to be supplied to apparatus. 3. A plurality of processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ machining apparatus precut timber according to claim 2, wherein comprising arranged in serially to the downstream side from the upstream side of the processing line B. 4. A plurality of processing cells 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ machining apparatus precut timber according to claim 2, wherein formed by arranging the serial and parallel combinations to the downstream side from the upstream side of the processing line B.