JPH09101239A - Nailing test machine and method for evaluating nailing properties - Google Patents

Nailing test machine and method for evaluating nailing properties

Info

Publication number
JPH09101239A
JPH09101239A JP25735295A JP25735295A JPH09101239A JP H09101239 A JPH09101239 A JP H09101239A JP 25735295 A JP25735295 A JP 25735295A JP 25735295 A JP25735295 A JP 25735295A JP H09101239 A JPH09101239 A JP H09101239A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
nail
load
test body
weight
nailing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP25735295A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3133660B2 (en
Inventor
Hiroki Kuwayama
弘樹 桑山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kubota Corp
Original Assignee
Kubota Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kubota Corp filed Critical Kubota Corp
Priority to JP07257352A priority Critical patent/JP3133660B2/en
Publication of JPH09101239A publication Critical patent/JPH09101239A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3133660B2 publication Critical patent/JP3133660B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Landscapes

  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Dovetailed Work, And Nailing Machines And Stapling Machines For Wood (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To evaluate the nailing properties of a test body objectively and quantitatively under fixed test conditions by dropping a weight from a specified height onto a nail being held at a specified position and then calculating variation in the load acting on the nail and the displacement of nail being driven. SOLUTION: A nail 3 is held by a nail holding means 13 at a predetermined position of a test body 2 being set at a predetermined position of a base 1. A weight 4 having known mass is then dropped along a rail 6 from an arbitrary height directly above the nail 3 depending on the material or thickness of test body 2 thus driving the nail 3 into the test body 2 and then the variation of load being applied to the nail 3 is detected by means of a strain gauge G applied to the weight 4. An acceleration acting in the direction for stopping the dropping weight 4 is them determined from the variation of load and the mass of weight 4. Nailing properties (cut, crack, deformation, etc.) of the test body 2 is evaluated quantitatively from the correlation between the time required for stopping the weight 4 determined from the acceleration or the driving displacement of nail 3 and the variation of load being applied to the nail 3.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、試験体の所定の位
置に釘を打込み、試験体の釘打性を評価する釘打試験を
行うための釘打試験機及び釘打性評価方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a nailing tester and a nailing ability evaluation method for driving a nail into a predetermined position of a test body and performing a nailing test for evaluating the nailability of the test body.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】この種の釘打試験においては、例えば、
一辺100mm角の試験体の角部から20mm×20m
m、あるいは、15mm×15mm、10mm×10m
mの位置に釘を打ち、試験体に割れ・クラック・欠け・
変形等が発生するか否かにより釘打性を評価する。従来
の釘打試験は、上記所定の位置に釘を案内するための案
内孔を有する治具を用い、当該治具の角部と試験体の角
部とが重なるように、前記治具を試験体の上に載置し
て、試験者が、釘を前記案内孔に金槌を用いて打込み、
釘打性を目視で評価していた。
2. Description of the Related Art In this type of nail driving test, for example,
20mm x 20m from the corner of a 100mm square test piece
m, or 15 mm x 15 mm, 10 mm x 10 m
Striking a nail at the position of m, cracking, cracking, chipping on the test body
Nailability is evaluated by whether or not deformation occurs. In the conventional nail driving test, a jig having a guide hole for guiding the nail to the predetermined position is used, and the jig is tested so that the corner of the jig overlaps the corner of the test body. Placed on the body, the tester drives the nail into the guide hole with a hammer,
The nailability was visually evaluated.

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来の釘
打試験によれば、次のような問題があった。つまり、試
験者が手作業で試験を行うので、釘の打込速度や打込荷
重が一定しない等の個人差が生じ、さらに、試験結果の
評価は試験者の目視に頼らざるをえないから、その評価
が割れの有無等を判断するだけの定性的なものに止ま
り、主観的な要素が含まれるおそれが大きかった。
However, according to the above-mentioned conventional nail driving test, there are the following problems. In other words, since the tester performs the test manually, there are individual differences such as inconsistent nail driving speed and driving load, and the evaluation of the test results must rely on the visual inspection of the tester. However, the evaluation was qualitative only to judge the presence or absence of cracks, and there was a high possibility that subjective factors would be included.

【0003】本発明の目的は、このような従来の釘打試
験の欠点を解消し、試験結果を客観的に評価し得る釘打
試験機を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to solve the above drawbacks of the conventional nailing test and to provide a nailing tester capable of objectively evaluating test results.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】[Means for Solving the Problems]

(構成1)この目的を達成するため、本発明の釘打試験
機の特徴構成は、請求項1に記載したごとく、試験体を
載置する受台と、釘に作用する荷重を検出するための荷
重検出手段を備えた落下式の重錘と、前記重錘の落下を
案内する案内手段と、前記釘を所定の位置に位置決め保
持する釘保持手段と、前記荷重検出手段による検出結果
を演算処理する演算手段と、この演算結果を表示する表
示手段とを備えた点にある。
(Structure 1) In order to achieve this object, the characteristic structure of the nailing tester of the present invention is, as described in claim 1, to detect a pedestal on which a test body is mounted and a load acting on the nail. Drop weights including the load detection means, guide means for guiding the fall of the weights, nail holding means for positioning and holding the nails at predetermined positions, and calculation results of the load detection means. The point is that the processing means for processing and the display means for displaying the calculation result are provided.

【0005】(作用・効果)本発明の釘打試験機では、
釘保持手段によって所定の位置に位置決め保持された釘
の上に所定の高さから重錘を落下させ、重錘が釘を打込
む際の釘に作用する荷重の変化を、重錘に備えた荷重検
出手段によって計測する。一方、この荷重の値からは、
後述する方法によって釘の打込変位量が算出でき、表示
手段によって前記荷重変化と、この釘の打込変位量とを
相関付けて表示することができる。また、釘の打込変位
量を求めずとも、荷重の変化と時間経過とを相関づけて
表示することも可能である。本発明の釘打試験機では、
試験者の技量等による試験条件のバラつきが生じること
がなく、常に客観的な試験結果を得ることができる。さ
らに、従来の試験においては割れの有無等を目視するの
みの定性的な評価に留まっていたが、本発明の試験機に
おいては、釘に作用する荷重あるいは荷重の変化状態を
知ることができるから、釘打性を定量的に評価できるこ
ととなる。
(Operation / Effect) In the nailing tester of the present invention,
The weight is provided with a change in load acting on the nail when the weight strikes the nail by dropping the weight from a predetermined height on the nail positioned and held at a predetermined position by the nail holding means. It is measured by the load detection means. On the other hand, from the value of this load,
The nail driving displacement amount can be calculated by the method described later, and the load change and the nail driving displacement amount can be displayed in correlation with each other by the display means. Further, it is also possible to display the change in load and the passage of time in correlation with each other without obtaining the amount of displacement of driving the nail. In the nailing tester of the present invention,
It is possible to always obtain objective test results without variation in test conditions due to the skill of the tester. Furthermore, in the conventional test, only the qualitative evaluation was made by visually observing the presence or absence of cracks, etc., but in the test machine of the present invention, the load acting on the nail or the change state of the load can be known. Therefore, the nailability can be quantitatively evaluated.

【0006】(構成2)本発明の釘打試験機を請求項2
に記載したように、前記釘保持手段が、前記釘を挟持す
るための一対の第1保持部材と第2保持部材とからなる
ように構成してもよい。
(Structure 2) A nail driving tester according to the present invention is claimed.
As described above, the nail holding means may be configured to include a pair of a first holding member and a second holding member for holding the nail.

【0007】(作用・効果)本発明の釘保持手段は、第
1保持部材と第2保持部材とで釘を挟持し、所定の打込
位置に位置決めし、固定するものである。このような釘
保持手段を備えれば、釘を試験体に対して常に一定の位
置に一定の角度で打込むことができる。また、試験者が
手作業で釘を位置設定するものではないから、釘の位置
設定の最中に重錘が誤って落下しても安全である。
(Operation / Effect) The nail holding means of the present invention holds the nail between the first holding member and the second holding member, positions it at a predetermined driving position, and fixes it. If such a nail holding means is provided, the nail can be driven into the test body at a constant position at a constant angle. Further, since the tester does not manually set the position of the nail, it is safe even if the weight falls by mistake during the position setting of the nail.

【0008】(構成3)本発明の釘打試験機は、請求項
3に記載したごとく、前記受台に、前記試験体を貫通し
た釘の頭部が挿通自在な挿通孔を有する釘挿通部材が、
前記受台に対して着脱自在に設けられており、当該挿通
孔が、前記釘の挿通方向に沿って円錐状に拡径するよう
に構成してもよい。
(Structure 3) In the nailing tester of the present invention, as described in claim 3, a nail insertion member having an insertion hole through which the head of the nail penetrating the test body can be inserted in the pedestal. But,
The insertion hole may be detachably attached to the pedestal, and the insertion hole may be configured to have a conical diameter along the insertion direction of the nail.

【0009】(作用・効果)前記受台は、試験体を貫通
した釘の先端と干渉しないよう構成されている。つま
り、受台には円形断面の釘挿通孔を有してなる着脱自在
な釘挿通部材を取付けておき、重錘の落下エネルギーの
全てを釘の打込み抵抗で消費させるべく、釘の打込位置
における試験体の裏側を単に空間に形成しておく。ただ
し、当該空間を過大に設定すると、釘の打込みに際して
試験体に曲げ変形が生じて、試験体の裏側に曲げによる
割れが生じる場合があり、正当な釘打性評価が行えな
い。そこで、本発明の釘打試験機では、前記釘挿通孔の
内径が釘の外径より僅かに大きくなるよう、前記釘挿通
部材を適宜交換可能に構成してある。尚、釘の貫通に伴
って木屑等が発生するから、これらを適切に除去しない
と、釘の貫通抵抗が増加してやはり正当な釘打性評価が
行えなくなる。そこで、本構成のごとく、挿通孔を、前
記釘の挿通方向に沿って円錐状に拡径させることで、試
験体の曲げ発生を有効に防止しながら、木屑等を効率的
に排出することができる。
(Operation / Effect) The pedestal is constructed so as not to interfere with the tips of the nails penetrating the test body. That is, a removable nail insertion member having a nail insertion hole with a circular cross section is attached to the pedestal, and the nail driving position is used so that all of the weight drop energy is consumed by the nail driving resistance. The back side of the test body in is simply formed in a space. However, if the space is set too large, the test piece may be bent and deformed when the nail is driven, and cracks may occur on the back side of the test piece due to bending, so that proper nailing performance cannot be evaluated. Therefore, in the nailing tester of the present invention, the nail insertion member is appropriately replaceable so that the inner diameter of the nail insertion hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the nail. Since wood chips and the like are generated as the nail penetrates, if these are not properly removed, the penetration resistance of the nail increases and proper nailability cannot be evaluated. Therefore, as in the present configuration, by expanding the insertion hole in a conical shape along the insertion direction of the nail, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of bending of the test body while efficiently discharging wood chips and the like. it can.

【0010】(構成4)本発明の釘打評価方法の特徴手
段は、重錘を落下させ、釘に当てつけて、前記釘を試験
体に打込み、前記釘を打込んでいる最中の荷重変化を一
定時間毎に測定し、この荷重変化と時間との関係、ある
いは、荷重変化と前記釘の打込変位量との関係を求め、
前記荷重が、荷重が最大となった状態から瞬時に除荷さ
れた場合には前記釘打性が良好であると判断し、一方、
荷重が最大となった状態から漸減する状態に除荷された
場合には前記釘打性が不良であると判断する点にある。
(Structure 4) The characteristic means of the nail driving evaluation method of the present invention is that a weight is dropped, the weight is applied to the nail, the nail is driven into a test body, and the load change during driving of the nail. Is measured at regular intervals, the relationship between this load change and time, or the relationship between the load change and the amount of displacement of the nail driven,
When the load is instantaneously unloaded from the state where the load is maximum, it is determined that the nailability is good, while
The point is that when the load is unloaded from the maximum load state to the gradually reduced state, it is determined that the nailability is poor.

【0011】(作用・効果)本構成の荷重検出手段は、
釘に作用する荷重を一定時間毎検出し、その変化を把握
することができる。釘が試験体に打込まれるに伴い、釘
に対する試験体の摩擦抵抗が増加するから荷重検出値は
増加する。そして、釘の打込みが終了する時点で荷重検
出値は最大値となる。つまり、釘の打込み深さが最大に
なっているか、もしくは、釘が試験体を貫通して、摩擦
力が最大限界となっているからである。本発明の釘打性
評価は、打込み終了時点の荷重変化に注目するものであ
る。試験体に割れ等の欠陥が発生していなければ、最大
値を示していた荷重は釘の打込みが終了した直後に瞬間
的に除荷される。つまり、試験体は、重錘のエネルギー
が全て失われるまで最大摩擦力をもって抵抗する。しか
し、釘の打込み最中に割れ等の欠陥が発生した場合に
は、試験体の摩擦抵抗が低下し、それまで増加していた
荷重検出手段による検出荷重は低下する。これは、割れ
等の発生により、試験体が発生させる摩擦抵抗力が低下
するからである。この結果、検出荷重の下降は、前述の
ごとく急落するのではなく、緩やかに減少するものとな
る。本発明の釘打性評価方法によれば、荷重変化の状態
を把握することで釘打性を正確に評価することができ
る。しかも、割れ等が発生しているか否かだけではな
く、具体的な荷重が検出できてその試験体の摩擦抵抗な
どを知ることができるから、試験体の材料特性を評価す
ることにもなる。
(Operation / Effect) The load detecting means of this construction is
The load acting on the nail can be detected at regular intervals and the change can be grasped. As the nail is driven into the test body, the frictional resistance of the test body against the nail increases, so that the load detection value increases. Then, the load detection value becomes the maximum value at the time when the nail driving is completed. In other words, the driving depth of the nail is the maximum, or the nail penetrates the test body and the frictional force is the maximum limit. The nailability evaluation of the present invention focuses on the load change at the end of driving. If no defects such as cracks have occurred in the test body, the maximum load is instantaneously unloaded immediately after the nail driving is completed. That is, the test body resists with maximum friction until all the weight energy is lost. However, when a defect such as a crack occurs during driving of the nail, the frictional resistance of the test body decreases, and the load detected by the load detecting means, which has been increasing until then, decreases. This is because the frictional resistance generated by the test body decreases due to the occurrence of cracks and the like. As a result, the decrease in the detected load does not fall sharply as described above, but gradually decreases. According to the nailability evaluation method of the present invention, the nailability can be accurately evaluated by grasping the state of the load change. Moreover, not only whether or not cracks or the like have occurred, but also a specific load can be detected and the frictional resistance of the test piece can be known, so the material properties of the test piece can be evaluated.

【0012】(構成5)本発明の釘打評価方法において
は、前記荷重検出手段を、前記重錘の表面に取付けた歪
ゲージで構成することができる。
(Structure 5) In the nail driving evaluation method of the present invention, the load detecting means may be composed of a strain gauge attached to the surface of the weight.

【0013】(作用・効果)例えば、重錘の下部側面に
歪みゲージを貼付しておけば、簡単な構成でありながら
重錘の弾性変形を検出することができ、釘に作用する衝
撃荷重を正確に計測することができる。
(Operation / Effect) For example, if a strain gauge is attached to the lower side surface of the weight, elastic deformation of the weight can be detected with a simple structure, and the impact load acting on the nail can be detected. Can be measured accurately.

【0014】[0014]

【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の実施例を図面に基
づいて説明する。本発明の釘打試験機の概要を図1、図
2に示す。本試験は、受台1の上に試験体2を載置し、
前記試験体2の所定の位置に釘3を位置決めした後、当
該釘3の鉛直上方から重錘4を落下させて釘3を打込
み、試験体2の釘打性を評価するものである。本発明の
釘打試験機は、実際に釘3を打込む試験機本体Sと、そ
こから得られた検出信号を数値演算する演算手段E、さ
らに、当該演算結果を表示する表示手段28および当該
演算結果を保管する記憶手段29とから構成されてい
る。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The outline of the nailing tester of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In this test, the test body 2 is placed on the cradle 1,
After the nail 3 is positioned at a predetermined position on the test body 2, the weight 4 is dropped from above the nail 3 vertically to drive the nail 3 into the nail 3 to evaluate the nailing performance of the test body 2. The nailing tester of the present invention includes a tester main body S for actually driving the nail 3, a calculation means E for numerically calculating a detection signal obtained from the tester main body S, a display means 28 for displaying the calculation result, and The storage unit 29 stores the calculation result.

【0015】試験機本体Sの詳細は図2、図3に示すと
おりである。重錘4の落下は、前記受台1に取付けた案
内手段5を用いて行う。例えば、当該案内手段5は、前
記受台1上に直立させた一対のレール6と、前記レール
に係合すべく前記重錘4の外周部の2箇所に鉛直方向に
設けた溝部7とで構成する。前記レール6の上方位置に
は、前記重錘4を所定高さに係止し、かつ、係合解除し
て前記重錘4を自由落下させ得る重錘係止手段8を備え
る。当該重錘係止手段8は、前記一対のレール6に添っ
て高さ変更自在な架台9と、当該架台9に設けられてい
て、回転つまみ10によって鉛直軸芯周りに回転可能な
第1係止片11とからなる。一方、前記重錘4の上方部
には、前記第1係止片11と係合可能な第2係止片12
が設けられている。当該重錘係止手段8を用いれば、前
記試験体2の材種あるいは厚みに応じて、前記重錘4を
任意の高さから落下させることができ、最適の衝撃荷重
を釘3に作用させることができる。前記受台1上であっ
て前記重錘4が落下する位置には、釘保持手段13によ
って釘3が位置決め保持されている。当該釘保持手段1
3は、枢支開閉自在に構成された一対の第1アーム14
と第2アーム15とから構成されており、当該第1アー
ム14および第2アーム15の先端部に形成されている
釘保持用凹部16で前記釘3を挟持するものである。
尚、前記釘保持手段13は、前記受台1側に設けられて
いる構成に限られず、前記重錘4に設けられていてもよ
い。要するに、前記釘3を正確に前記試験体2に打込む
ための手段が備わっていればよい。前記受台1側であっ
て前記釘3が打込まれる位置には、前記受台1から着脱
自在な釘挿通部材17が設けられている。当該釘挿通部
材17には、前記試験体2を貫通した釘3が抵抗なく挿
通するための釘挿通孔18が形成されている。当該釘挿
通孔18の内径は、試験に用いる前記釘3の外径より
0.3mm程度大きいのが好ましい。つまり、前記釘挿
通孔18の内径が小さ過ぎると、ここで前記釘3が接触
し、前記試験体2に作用すべき前記重錘4の荷重がロス
される。一方、前記釘挿通孔18の内径が大き過ぎる
と、前記試験体2に曲げが生じて前記試験体2の裏側で
割れが発生するおそれが高まるからである。尚、当該釘
挿通孔18は、筒状に開口しているものに限られるもの
ではなく、図4に示すごとく、前記試験体2側が小径と
なった円錐状に開口しているものであってもよい。この
ような釘挿通孔18Aであれば、前記試験体2の裏側で
の曲げ発生が阻止できるうえ、前記釘3が前記試験体2
を貫通する際に生じる屑も排出され易くなって好都合で
ある。
Details of the tester main body S are as shown in FIGS. The weight 4 is dropped by using the guide means 5 attached to the pedestal 1. For example, the guide means 5 includes a pair of rails 6 standing upright on the pedestal 1 and a groove portion 7 provided vertically at two locations on the outer peripheral portion of the weight 4 so as to engage with the rails. Configure. At a position above the rail 6, there is provided a weight locking means 8 that locks the weight 4 at a predetermined height and releases the weight 4 by releasing the engagement. The weight locking means 8 is provided with a gantry 9 whose height can be freely changed along the pair of rails 6, and a first engaging member provided on the gantry 9 and rotatable around a vertical axis by a rotary knob 10. It consists of a stopper 11. On the other hand, a second locking piece 12 that can be engaged with the first locking piece 11 is provided above the weight 4.
Is provided. If the weight locking means 8 is used, the weight 4 can be dropped from an arbitrary height according to the material type or the thickness of the test body 2, and an optimum impact load is applied to the nail 3. be able to. The nail 3 is positioned and held by the nail holding means 13 at a position on the pedestal 1 where the weight 4 falls. The nail holding means 1
3 is a pair of first arms 14 configured to be pivotally openable and closable.
And a second arm 15, and the nail 3 is clamped by a nail holding recess 16 formed at the tip of the first arm 14 and the second arm 15.
The nail holding means 13 is not limited to the configuration provided on the pedestal 1 side, and may be provided on the weight 4. In short, it suffices if a means for accurately driving the nail 3 into the test body 2 is provided. A nail insertion member 17 that is detachable from the pedestal 1 is provided at the position on the pedestal 1 side where the nail 3 is driven. The nail insertion member 17 is formed with a nail insertion hole 18 for inserting the nail 3 penetrating the test body 2 without resistance. The inner diameter of the nail insertion hole 18 is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the nail 3 used in the test by about 0.3 mm. That is, if the inner diameter of the nail insertion hole 18 is too small, the nail 3 comes into contact with the nail insertion hole 18 and the load of the weight 4 to be applied to the test body 2 is lost. On the other hand, if the inner diameter of the nail insertion hole 18 is too large, bending of the test body 2 may occur and cracks may occur on the back side of the test body 2. Note that the nail insertion hole 18 is not limited to the one that is opened in a tubular shape, and as shown in FIG. 4, the nail insertion hole 18 is opened in a conical shape with a small diameter on the test body 2 side. Good. With such a nail insertion hole 18A, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of bending on the back side of the test body 2 and the nail 3 is used for the test body 2
This is convenient because the scraps generated when penetrating the hole are easily discharged.

【0016】前記受台1上には、試験体2を所定の位置
に設定するための試験体位置設定手段19が設けられて
いる。前記試験体2への前記釘3の打込みは、例えば、
矩形形状の試験体2の隅部において、各辺から夫々15
mm離間した位置に対して、あるいは、20mm、25
mm離間した位置に対して行われる。これによって試験
位置が任意に設定でき、当該位置における割れ・欠け等
の発生状況が判断できる。前記受台1の面上には、前記
釘3の打込み点を通って互いに直行する二本の直線を想
定し、夫々の直線上において前記打込み点から一方側に
15mm,20mm,25mm等の目盛り20を設け
る。そして、前記直行する夫々の直線上において、少な
くとも前記目盛り20を設けた範囲を移動自在で、か
つ、固定自在な試験体当接片21を夫々の直線上に設け
る。つまり、前記試験体当接片21を試験条件に合わせ
て任意の位置に設定し、前記試験体2の角部をこれら試
験体当接片21に当接させることで、所定の位置に正確
に前記釘3を打込むことができる。前記試験体2の固定
は、前記受台1上に設けられた試験体固定手段22を用
いて行う。当該試験体固定手段22は、一対の固定アー
ム23、および、夫々の固定アーム23の先端に設けら
れた固定ボルト24とからなる。さらに、前記受台1上
には重錘ストッパ25を設けてある。当該重錘ストッパ
25は、前記レール6の基端部に設けられており、前記
重錘4が前記釘保持手段13に衝突するのを防止する機
能を有する。通常の場合には、前記釘3への衝撃荷重は
前記試験体2で吸収され、前記重錘4は、前記釘3の頭
部に当接した状態で停止する。この時、前記重錘4は当
該重錘ストッパ25の位置まで達していない。しかし、
前記釘3の打込みによって前記試験体2が割れた場合等
には、前記釘3に作用する衝撃荷重が前記試験体2で吸
収しきれないため、前記重錘4は引続き落下することと
なる。このような場合に、前記重錘ストッパ25は、前
記重錘4が前記釘保持手段13に衝突するのを確実に防
止する。前記重錘ストッパ25は、例えば、ゴムなどで
構成するとよい。
On the pedestal 1 is provided a test body position setting means 19 for setting the test body 2 at a predetermined position. For driving the nail 3 into the test body 2, for example,
At the corners of the rectangular test body 2, 15 from each side
20 mm or 25 mm apart
It is performed for positions separated by mm. As a result, the test position can be set arbitrarily, and the occurrence of cracks, chips, etc. at that position can be determined. On the surface of the pedestal 1, two straight lines are assumed which pass through the driving points of the nails 3 and are orthogonal to each other, and a scale of 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm or the like on one side from the driving points on each straight line. 20 is provided. Then, on each of the straight lines that are orthogonal to each other, at least the range where the scale 20 is provided is movable and can be fixed, and the test body contacting piece 21 is provided on each of the straight lines. In other words, by setting the test piece abutting piece 21 at an arbitrary position according to the test condition and bringing the corners of the test piece 2 into contact with the test piece abutting pieces 21, the test piece abutting piece 21 can be accurately positioned at a predetermined position. The nail 3 can be driven in. The test body 2 is fixed by using the test body fixing means 22 provided on the pedestal 1. The test body fixing means 22 is composed of a pair of fixing arms 23 and a fixing bolt 24 provided at the tip of each fixing arm 23. Further, a weight stopper 25 is provided on the pedestal 1. The weight stopper 25 is provided at the base end portion of the rail 6 and has a function of preventing the weight 4 from colliding with the nail holding means 13. In a normal case, the impact load on the nail 3 is absorbed by the test body 2, and the weight 4 stops in a state of being in contact with the head of the nail 3. At this time, the weight 4 has not reached the position of the weight stopper 25. But,
When the test body 2 is cracked by driving the nail 3, the impact load acting on the nail 3 cannot be absorbed by the test body 2 and the weight 4 continues to drop. In such a case, the weight stopper 25 reliably prevents the weight 4 from colliding with the nail holding means 13. The weight stopper 25 may be made of rubber, for example.

【0017】演算手段E、表示手段28、記憶手段29
についての詳細は以下のとおりである。これらの手段
は、図1に示したごとく、前記重錘4に設けられた荷重
検出手段Gで得られた電気信号を演算し、試験者が釘打
性を評価し易いように図表化するためのものである。前
記重錘4の質量および前記重錘4の落下高さより、前記
釘3に作用するエネルギーが求まる。このエネルギーが
前記釘3の打込みに際してどのように消費されるかを測
定すれば、前記試験体2の打込性評価を行える。前記重
錘4の形状は任意であるが、その下部には前記荷重検出
手段Gが備えられている。この部分は、前記重錘4の主
要部分に比べて小径に形成しておき、この小径部30の
表面であって互いに180度対向する位置に、前記荷重
検出手段としての歪ゲージを夫々貼付する。このように
貼付位置を小径に形成するのは、前記釘3の頭部に衝撃
荷重が作用する際に、前記重錘4の荷重によって前記小
径部30が容易に弾性変形することとなり、前記釘3に
作用する荷重変化を計測し易くなるからである。これら
2枚の歪ゲージから得られる検出結果は、シグナルコン
ディショナ26、FFTアナライザ27等の演算手段E
によって平均化されつつ演算処理され、前記釘3に作用
する衝撃荷重へと変換される。この衝撃荷重が求まれ
ば、前記重錘4の質量が既知であるから、落下する重錘
4を停止させる方向に作用する加速度を求めることがで
き、さらに、この加速度から、前記重錘4が停止するま
での時間、あるいは、前記釘3の打込変位量を算出でき
る。例えば、前記釘3の打込変位量は次の演算式により
求めることができる。 F=M・a V=V0 +∫a・dt X=V0 ・t+∫∫a・dtdt F:検出荷重 M:重錘質量 a:釘の打込みにより重
錘に作用する加速度 V:速度 V0 :初速度 X:釘の変位量 t:時間 前記釘3の打込みの進行に伴って、前記試験体2の摩擦
抵抗は増加する。このため、前記検出荷重Fおよび前記
加速度aは増加することとなるが、荷重Fの測定および
加速度aの演算は一定時間t毎に繰返し測定されるか
ら、例えば、加速度aの変化を時間tで積分すれば、前
記釘3の変位量Xを算出することができる。勿論、前記
釘3の変位量そのものを別の計測手段で実測してもよ
い。このようにして求めた荷重変化等は、表示手段28
によって図式化されると共に、記憶手段29によって記
憶保存される。
Calculation means E, display means 28, storage means 29
The details are as follows. As shown in FIG. 1, these means calculate the electric signal obtained by the load detecting means G provided on the weight 4 and make a chart so that a tester can easily evaluate the nailability. belongs to. The energy acting on the nail 3 is obtained from the mass of the weight 4 and the drop height of the weight 4. By measuring how this energy is consumed when the nail 3 is driven, the driveability of the test body 2 can be evaluated. The weight 4 has an arbitrary shape, but the load detecting means G is provided below the weight 4. This portion is formed to have a smaller diameter than the main portion of the weight 4, and the strain gauges as the load detecting means are attached to the surfaces of the small diameter portion 30 at positions facing each other by 180 degrees. . Forming the sticking position to have a small diameter in this way means that when the impact load acts on the head of the nail 3, the small diameter portion 30 is easily elastically deformed by the load of the weight 4, and This is because it becomes easy to measure the change in load acting on No. 3. The detection results obtained from these two strain gauges are the calculation means E such as the signal conditioner 26 and the FFT analyzer 27.
Is calculated while being averaged, and converted into an impact load acting on the nail 3. If this impact load is obtained, the mass of the weight 4 is known, and therefore the acceleration acting in the direction of stopping the falling weight 4 can be obtained. Further, from this acceleration, the weight 4 can be calculated. It is possible to calculate the time until stopping, or the driving displacement amount of the nail 3. For example, the driving displacement amount of the nail 3 can be obtained by the following arithmetic expression. F = M ・ a V = V 0 + ∫a ・ dt X = V 0・ t + ∫∫a ・ dtdt F: Detected load M: Weight mass a: Acceleration acting on weight by nailing V: V 0 : Initial velocity X: Displacement amount of nail t: Time As the driving of the nail 3 progresses, the frictional resistance of the test body 2 increases. Therefore, the detected load F and the acceleration a are increased, but the measurement of the load F and the calculation of the acceleration a are repeatedly measured at every constant time t. Therefore, for example, the change of the acceleration a at the time t. If integrated, the displacement amount X of the nail 3 can be calculated. Of course, the displacement amount of the nail 3 itself may be measured by another measuring means. The load change and the like thus obtained are displayed on the display means 28.
And is stored and stored by the storage means 29.

【0018】表示に際しては、例えば、図5に示すごと
く、前記釘3に加わる荷重Fを縦軸に、前記釘3の変位
量Xを横軸にとって両者の相関関係をグラフ化する。当
該グラフを評価する際には、特に、前記荷重Fが降下す
る際の状態に注目する。試験体2に割れ等の欠陥が発生
していなければ、図5のうちA線のごとく、最大値を示
していた荷重Fは前記釘3の打込みが終了と同時に瞬間
的に除荷される。これは、打込まれる釘3に対して、前
記試験体2が、前記重錘4のエネルギーが全て失われる
まで摩擦力等の力で抵抗するからである。前記釘3の打
込みの進行に伴い、当然、摩擦抵抗等が増加するから、
荷重Fの検出結果は増加する。そして、前記釘3の進行
が停止した瞬間に、それまで増加を続けていた荷重Fは
急激に降下する。しかし、前記釘3の打込み最中に、前
記試験体2に割れ・クラック・欠け等の欠陥が発生した
場合には、前記試験体2の摩擦抵抗が前記釘3の打込み
途中に低下し、前記荷重検出手段Gの検出荷重Fも低下
することとなる。この場合には、例えば、図5のうちB
線に示すごとく、ある程度増加していた検出荷重Fは、
割れ等が発生した時点を境に下降を始める。これはつま
り、割れ等の発生およびその進行に伴って前記釘3への
抵抗力が徐々に失われていくからであり、この下降は、
前述の急落に比べて緩やかなものとなる。尚、当該グラ
フの横軸は、前記釘3の変位量Xに限定されるものでは
なく、単に時間tをとってもよい。要するに、検出荷重
Fが最大値から急落するか、漸減するかの違いを特定で
きれば、前記試験体2の釘打性を評価することができ
る。
At the time of display, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the correlation between the two is graphed with the load F applied to the nail 3 as the vertical axis and the displacement X of the nail 3 as the horizontal axis. When evaluating the graph, pay attention to the state when the load F drops. If there is no defect such as cracking in the test body 2, the load F, which showed the maximum value as shown by the line A in FIG. 5, is instantaneously unloaded at the same time when the driving of the nail 3 is completed. This is because the test body 2 resists the nail 3 to be driven by a force such as a frictional force until the energy of the weight 4 is completely lost. As the driving of the nail 3 progresses, the frictional resistance and the like naturally increase,
The detection result of the load F increases. Then, at the moment when the advance of the nail 3 is stopped, the load F, which has continued to increase until then, drops sharply. However, when a defect such as a crack, a crack or a chip occurs in the test body 2 during the driving of the nail 3, the friction resistance of the test body 2 decreases during the driving of the nail 3, The detected load F of the load detecting means G also decreases. In this case, for example, B in FIG.
As shown by the line, the detected load F, which has increased to some extent, is
It begins to descend at the time when cracks occur. This is because the resistance to the nail 3 is gradually lost with the occurrence and progress of cracks and the like.
It will be more gradual than the plunge. The horizontal axis of the graph is not limited to the displacement amount X of the nail 3 and may simply take the time t. In short, if it is possible to identify the difference between the detected load F suddenly decreasing from the maximum value and gradually decreasing, the nailability of the test body 2 can be evaluated.

【0019】〔別実施形態〕前記実施形態では、荷重検
出手段Gを前記重錘4に設けたが、この構成に限られる
ものではなく、前記釘3の頭部に予め当接させて固定し
ておく構成でもよい。また、前記荷重検出手段Gは、歪
ゲージに限られるものではなく、圧力変化を利用するも
の等でもよい。さらには、直に前記釘3の変位量を測定
するものであってもよく、この場合には、接触・被接触
による各種の測定方法が考えられる。要するに、前記釘
3の打込みに際し、前記釘3に作用する荷重、あるい
は、前記釘3が前記重錘4に作用させる加速度のうち何
れか一方を測定できる構成であればよい。
[Other Embodiments] In the above-described embodiment, the load detecting means G is provided on the weight 4, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration and is fixed by abutting on the head of the nail 3 in advance. It may be configured in advance. Further, the load detecting means G is not limited to the strain gauge, but may be one utilizing a pressure change or the like. Further, the displacement amount of the nail 3 may be directly measured, and in this case, various measuring methods by contact / contact may be considered. In short, when the nail 3 is driven, either the load acting on the nail 3 or the acceleration acting on the weight 4 by the nail 3 can be measured.

【0020】尚、特許請求の範囲の項に、図面との対照
を便利にするために符号を記すが、該記入により本発明
は添付図面の構成に限定されるものではない。
In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the accompanying drawings.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の釘打試験機の全体構成を示す模式図FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a nailing tester of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の釘打試験機本体の構成を示す斜視図FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the nailing tester main body of the present invention.

【図3】本発明の釘打試験機本体の主要部を示す平面図FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the main part of the nailing tester main body of the present invention.

【図4】試験機本体の釘挿通部材に係る別実施形態を示
す縦断面図
FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the nail insertion member of the tester body.

【図5】本発明の釘打試験機で求めた釘の変位量と釘に
加わる荷重との相関関係図
FIG. 5 is a correlation diagram of the amount of displacement of the nail and the load applied to the nail obtained by the nailing tester of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 受台 2 試験体 3 釘 4 重錘 5 案内手段 13 釘保持手段 14 第1アーム 15 第2アーム 17 釘挿通部材 18 釘挿通孔 28 表示手段 G 荷重検出手段 E 演算手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cradle 2 Test piece 3 Nail 4 Weight 5 Guide means 13 Nail holding means 14 1st arm 15 2nd arm 17 Nail insertion member 18 Nail insertion hole 28 Display means G Load detection means E Calculation means

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 試験体(2)の所定の位置に釘(3)を
打込み、前記試験体(2)の釘打性を評価する釘打試験
を行うための釘打試験機であって、 前記試験体(2)を載置する受台(1)と、前記釘
(3)に作用する荷重を検出するための荷重検出手段
(G)を備えた落下式の重錘(4)と、前記重錘(4)
の落下を案内する案内手段(5)と、前記釘(3)を所
定の位置に位置決め保持する釘保持手段(13)と、前
記荷重検出手段(G)による検出結果を演算処理する演
算手段(E)と、この演算結果を表示する表示手段(2
8)とを備えた釘打試験機。
1. A nailing tester for driving a nail (3) into a predetermined position of a test body (2) and performing a nailing test for evaluating the nailability of the test body (2), A cradle (1) on which the test body (2) is placed, and a drop-type weight (4) equipped with a load detection means (G) for detecting a load acting on the nail (3), The weight (4)
Guide means (5) for guiding the falling of the nail, a nail holding means (13) for positioning and holding the nail (3) at a predetermined position, and an arithmetic means for arithmetically processing the detection result of the load detecting means (G) ( E) and display means (2) for displaying the calculation result.
8) A nail driving tester equipped with and.
【請求項2】 前記釘保持手段(13)が、前記受台
(1)に設けられていて、前記釘を挟持するための一対
の第1アーム(14)と第2アーム(15)とからなる
請求項1記載の釘打試験機。
2. The nail holding means (13) is provided on the pedestal (1) and comprises a pair of first arm (14) and second arm (15) for holding the nail. The nailing tester according to claim 1.
【請求項3】 前記受台(1)に、前記試験体(2)を
貫通した前記釘(3)の頭部が挿通自在な釘挿通孔(1
8)を有する釘挿通部材(17)が、前記受台(1)に
対して着脱自在に設けられており、当該釘挿通孔(1
8)が、前記釘(3)の挿通方向に沿って円錐状に拡径
している請求項1記載の釘打試験機。
3. A nail insertion hole (1) through which the head of the nail (3) penetrating the test body (2) can be inserted into the pedestal (1).
A nail insertion member (17) having a nail insertion hole (1) is detachably attached to the pedestal (1).
The nailing tester according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of 8) is conically expanded along the insertion direction of the nail (3).
【請求項4】 試験体(2)の所定の位置に釘(3)を
打込み、前記試験体(2)の釘打性を判断する釘打性評
価方法であって、 重錘(4)を落下させ、前記釘(3)に当てつけて、前
記釘(3)を前記試験体(2)に打込み、前記釘(3)
を打込んでいる最中の荷重変化を一定時間毎に測定し、
この荷重変化と時間との関係、あるいは、荷重変化と前
記釘(3)の打込変位量との関係を求め、前記荷重が、
荷重が最大となった状態から瞬時に除荷された場合には
前記釘打性が良好であると判断し、一方、荷重が最大と
なった状態から漸減する状態に除荷された場合には前記
釘打性が不良であると判断する釘打性評価方法。
4. A nailing performance evaluation method for determining a nailing property of a test body (2) by driving a nail (3) into a predetermined position of the test body (2), wherein a weight (4) is used. The nail (3) is dropped and applied to the nail (3), the nail (3) is driven into the test body (2), and the nail (3) is dropped.
Measure the load change while driving, at regular intervals,
The relationship between the load change and the time, or the relationship between the load change and the driving displacement amount of the nail (3) is obtained.
When the load is instantly unloaded from the maximum load, it is determined that the nailability is good, while when the load is gradually reduced from the maximum load A nailing performance evaluation method for judging that the nailing performance is poor.
【請求項5】 前記荷重検出手段(G)が、前記重錘
(4)の表面に取付けた歪ゲージである請求項4に記載
の釘打性評価方法。
5. The nailing performance evaluation method according to claim 4, wherein the load detecting means (G) is a strain gauge attached to the surface of the weight (4).
JP07257352A 1995-10-04 1995-10-04 Nail driving tester and nailing property evaluation method Expired - Fee Related JP3133660B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107228727A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-10-03 南京林业大学 Nail puller nail-holding ability test device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107228727A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-10-03 南京林业大学 Nail puller nail-holding ability test device
CN107228727B (en) * 2017-06-28 2019-04-16 南京林业大学 Nail puller nail-holding ability test device

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