JPH0891804A - Apparatus for feeding starting liquid to be modified in methanol modification vessel for fuel cell - Google Patents

Apparatus for feeding starting liquid to be modified in methanol modification vessel for fuel cell

Info

Publication number
JPH0891804A
JPH0891804A JP6248879A JP24887994A JPH0891804A JP H0891804 A JPH0891804 A JP H0891804A JP 6248879 A JP6248879 A JP 6248879A JP 24887994 A JP24887994 A JP 24887994A JP H0891804 A JPH0891804 A JP H0891804A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
methanol
storage tank
raw material
water
material liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP6248879A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3638970B2 (en
Inventor
Atsushi Ogino
温 荻野
Kouji Takumi
厚至 工匠
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Aisin Corp
Original Assignee
Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aisin Seiki Co Ltd, Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
Priority to JP24887994A priority Critical patent/JP3638970B2/en
Publication of JPH0891804A publication Critical patent/JPH0891804A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3638970B2 publication Critical patent/JP3638970B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an apparatus for feeding starting liq. in a methanol modification vessel for a fuel cell capable of using at a cold district. CONSTITUTION: This device is provided with a methanol storage tank 15 storing methanol, a modified starting liq. storage tank 16 provided at an under side of this methanol storage tank 15 and storing a mixed liq. of the methanol and water and a controlling means 29 of a flow rate of influent provided between the methanol storage tank 15 and the modified starting liq. storage tank 16 and controlling the flow rate of the influent flowing in the modified starting liq. storage tank 16 from the methanol storage tank 15, and constituted so that a water discharged from a fuel cell 2 is supplied to the modified starting liq. storage tank 16, and also, the flow rate of the influent is controlled by the controlling means 29 so that a mixed ratio of the methanol and the water in the modified starting liq. storage tank 16 is kept in a prescribed value.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、メタノールと水とか
ら水素ガスを生成するメタノール改質器に、メタノール
と水とが混合された改質原料液を供給する装置に関する
ものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying a reforming raw material liquid in which methanol and water are mixed to a methanol reformer which produces hydrogen gas from methanol and water.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】騒音の低減や排気ガスの浄化等の点での
低公害化を図る車両として電気自動車の開発が進められ
ている。そのエネルギー源として蓄電池を用いる形式
と、燃料電池を用いる形式とが試みられているが、燃料
電池を用いる場合、熱量が大きくかつ燃焼によって生じ
る排気ガスがクリーンな水素ガスを燃料とすることが望
ましい。しかしながら、水素ガスをたとえボンベに詰め
てもそのまま車両に搭載することは困難であるから、最
近では、炭化水素例えばやメタノールを原料としてこれ
を改質し、水素ガスを得ることが考えられている。
2. Description of the Related Art Development of an electric vehicle is underway as a vehicle for reducing pollution in terms of noise reduction and exhaust gas purification. A type using a storage battery as a source of energy and a type using a fuel cell have been attempted. However, when using a fuel cell, it is desirable to use hydrogen gas, which has a large amount of heat and whose exhaust gas generated by combustion is clean, as fuel. . However, even if hydrogen gas is packed in a cylinder, it is difficult to mount it on a vehicle as it is. Recently, it has been considered to reform the hydrogen gas such as methanol or methanol as a raw material to obtain hydrogen gas. .

【0003】このような燃料改質器を電気自動車に搭載
した一例が、特開平2−168802号公報に開示され
ている。これを図3に示し、簡単に説明する。この電気
自動車は、メタノール改質器1と燃料電池2とコンバー
タ3と補助電池4と走行用直流モータ5と荷役用ポンプ
モータ6とを備えている。そして荷役用ポンプモータ6
によりポンプ7,8が駆動されて、水タンク9の水なら
びにメタノールタンク10のメタノールが混合器11を
介してメタノール改質器1に供給されるようになってい
る。
An example of mounting such a fuel reformer on an electric vehicle is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 168802/1990. This is shown in FIG. 3 and will be briefly described. This electric vehicle includes a methanol reformer 1, a fuel cell 2, a converter 3, an auxiliary battery 4, a running DC motor 5, and a cargo handling pump motor 6. And pumping motor 6 for cargo handling
Thus, the pumps 7 and 8 are driven to supply the water in the water tank 9 and the methanol in the methanol tank 10 to the methanol reformer 1 via the mixer 11.

【0004】燃料電池2の発電量を維持するためには、
安定して水素(燃料)ガスを燃料電池2に供給する必要
がある。そこで、メタノール改質器1において、メタノ
ールガスや一酸化炭素等の未反応物質を生成させないよ
う、安定した改質反応を行わなければならない。そのた
め、水とメタノールとが所定の混合比率(モル比にして
通常、水/メタノール>1)になるよう混合された改質
原料液がメタノール改質器1に安定して供給され続けな
ければならない。
In order to maintain the power generation amount of the fuel cell 2,
It is necessary to stably supply hydrogen (fuel) gas to the fuel cell 2. Therefore, in the methanol reformer 1, it is necessary to perform a stable reforming reaction so as not to generate unreacted substances such as methanol gas and carbon monoxide. Therefore, the reforming raw material liquid in which water and methanol are mixed so as to have a predetermined mixing ratio (usually water / methanol> 1 in terms of molar ratio) must be stably supplied to the methanol reformer 1. .

【0005】そのため、従来の燃料改質器の原料液供給
装置は、水およびメタノールを貯蔵するタンク9,10
ならびにポンプ7,8をそれぞれ別個に配設するととも
に、コントローラー12を設け、ポンプ7,8の駆動制
御を行うことにより、混合器11を介して混合比率が所
定の値に調整された改質原料液をメタノール改質器1に
導入するようになっている。すなわち、従来の装置は、
水とメタノールとにそれぞれ別の供給系を設定し、それ
ぞれの供給系の流量を制御することにより、メタノール
改質器1に供給する改質原料液を生成するようになって
いた。
Therefore, the conventional raw material liquid supply device for the fuel reformer has the tanks 9 and 10 for storing water and methanol.
In addition, the reforming raw material in which the mixing ratio is adjusted to a predetermined value via the mixer 11 by separately arranging the pumps 7 and 8 and providing the controller 12 to control the driving of the pumps 7 and 8 The liquid is introduced into the methanol reformer 1. That is, the conventional device is
By setting different supply systems for water and methanol and controlling the flow rate of each supply system, the reforming raw material liquid to be supplied to the methanol reformer 1 has been generated.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような従来の装置
が搭載された電気自動車を、寒冷地、具体的には水の凝
固点以下の雰囲気(0℃以下 at 101325Pa)にて使用す
る場合、水供給系のポンプ7およびタンク9やこれらの
配管内において水が凍結するため、その始動が困難にな
るおそれがある。
When an electric vehicle equipped with such a conventional device is used in a cold region, specifically, in an atmosphere below the freezing point of water (0 ° C. or lower at 101325 Pa), Since water freezes in the pump 7 and the tank 9 of the supply system and in these pipes, it may be difficult to start the water.

【0007】この発明は、上記の事情を背景としてなさ
れたもので、寒冷地での使用に耐えることができる燃料
電池用メタノール改質器の原料液供給装置を提供するこ
とを目的とするものである。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a raw material liquid supply device for a methanol reformer for a fuel cell, which can withstand use in cold regions. is there.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、この発明は、水素ガスと酸素ガスとの電気化学反
応を行う燃料電池に水素ガスを供給するためにメタノー
ルの水蒸気改質反応を行う燃料電池用メタノール改質器
の原料液供給装置において、メタノールを貯溜するメタ
ノール貯溜槽と、このメタノール貯溜槽の下側に配設さ
れるとともに前記燃料電池から排出される水の供給管路
が接続され、かつメタノールと水との混合液を貯溜する
改質原料液貯溜槽と、前記メタノール貯溜槽と前記改質
原料液貯溜槽との間に配設され、前記メタノール貯溜槽
から前記改質原料液貯溜槽に流入するメタノールの流入
量を、前記改質原料液貯溜槽におけるメタノールと水と
の混合比率が所定の値になるよう調整する流入量調整手
段とを備えていることを特徴とするものである。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a steam reforming reaction of methanol for supplying hydrogen gas to a fuel cell which carries out an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. In a raw material liquid supply device for a methanol reformer for a fuel cell for performing a fuel cell, a methanol storage tank for storing methanol, and a supply pipe for water disposed below the methanol storage tank and discharged from the fuel cell. And a reforming raw material liquid storage tank that stores a mixed liquid of methanol and water, and is arranged between the methanol storage tank and the reforming raw material liquid storage tank. And an inflow amount adjusting means for adjusting the inflow amount of methanol flowing into the quality raw material liquid storage tank so that the mixing ratio of methanol and water in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank becomes a predetermined value. And it is characterized in and.

【0009】[0009]

【作用】改質原料液貯溜槽で貯えられている改質原料液
は、メタノール改質器に導入され、主に水素ガスに改質
される。燃料電池において、前記水素ガスと酸素ガスと
が電気化学反応をすることにより、電気エネルギーが発
生するとともに、水(水蒸気)が生成される。この生成
された水が改質原料液貯溜槽に導入されるため、改質原
料液貯溜槽において、メタノールに対する水の混合比率
が大きくなろうとする。このとき、流入量調整手段が、
メタノール貯溜槽のメタノールを改質原料液貯溜槽に流
入させ、改質原料液貯溜槽におけるメタノールと水との
混合比率を所定の値にする。したがって、改質原料液貯
溜槽には、燃料電池を安定して運転させるために必要な
改質原料液が常時貯溜される。
The reforming raw material liquid stored in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank is introduced into the methanol reformer and is mainly reformed into hydrogen gas. In the fuel cell, the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas undergo an electrochemical reaction to generate electric energy and water (water vapor). Since the generated water is introduced into the reforming raw material liquid storage tank, the mixing ratio of water to methanol tends to increase in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank. At this time, the inflow amount adjusting means
Methanol in the methanol storage tank is caused to flow into the reforming raw material liquid storage tank, and the mixing ratio of methanol and water in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank is set to a predetermined value. Therefore, the reforming raw material liquid required for stable operation of the fuel cell is always stored in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank.

【0010】[0010]

【実施例】つぎに、この発明の一実施例につき図1ない
し図2を参照しながら説明する。まず、この実施例にお
ける燃料電池システムの概略につき説明する。この燃料
電池システムは、メタノールと水との混合液すなわち改
質原料液から水素ガスを生成するメタノール改質器1
と、水素ガスと空気中の酸素ガスとの電気化学反応によ
り発電を行う燃料電池2と、メタノール改質器1に導入
される改質原料液を作製・貯溜する機能タンク13と、
これらを制御するコントローラ14とを備えている。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, the outline of the fuel cell system in this embodiment will be described. This fuel cell system includes a methanol reformer 1 that produces hydrogen gas from a mixed liquid of methanol and water, that is, a reforming raw material liquid.
A fuel cell 2 for generating power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in the air; a functional tank 13 for producing and storing a reforming raw material liquid to be introduced into a methanol reformer 1.
The controller 14 which controls these is provided.

【0011】機能タンク13は、メタノールを貯溜する
メタノール貯溜槽15と、このメタノール貯溜槽15の
下側に配設され、メタノールと水との混合液(改質原料
液)を貯溜する改質原料液貯溜槽16とを備えている。
また、メタノール改質器1は、メタノール改質部とメタ
ノール改質反応を促進させるための加熱部17とを備え
ている。そして、この改質原料液貯溜槽16とメタノー
ル改質器1との間には、改質原料液通路18およびポン
プ19が配設されている。
The functional tank 13 is provided with a methanol storage tank 15 for storing methanol and a reforming raw material which is arranged below the methanol storage tank 15 and stores a mixed liquid (reforming raw material liquid) of methanol and water. The liquid storage tank 16 is provided.
Further, the methanol reformer 1 includes a methanol reforming section and a heating section 17 for promoting the methanol reforming reaction. A reforming raw material liquid passage 18 and a pump 19 are arranged between the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 and the methanol reformer 1.

【0012】燃料電池2は、燃料電極2aと、空気電極
2bと、これらに挟まれた固体電解質2cとを備えてお
り、燃料電極2a側とメタノール改質器1との間には、
燃料ガス通路20が配設され、空気電極2b側には外部
の空気を導入させる空気通路21が設けられている。そ
して、燃料電極2a側と改質原料液貯溜槽16との間に
は、排出ガス通路22と水分離器23と回収水通路24
とが配設されている。
The fuel cell 2 comprises a fuel electrode 2a, an air electrode 2b, and a solid electrolyte 2c sandwiched between them, and between the fuel electrode 2a side and the methanol reformer 1,
A fuel gas passage 20 is provided, and an air passage 21 for introducing outside air is provided on the air electrode 2b side. The exhaust gas passage 22, the water separator 23, and the recovered water passage 24 are provided between the fuel electrode 2a side and the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16.
And are provided.

【0013】また、水分離器23とメタノール改質器1
の加熱部17との間には燃焼ガス通路25が設けられる
とともに、メタノール貯溜槽15と加熱部17との間に
はメタノール通路26およびポンプ27が設けられてお
り、この加熱部17において燃焼させられ、改質反応を
促進させるようになっている。なお、この燃焼によって
得られる水を改質原料液貯溜槽16に導入するよう構成
することもできる。
Further, the water separator 23 and the methanol reformer 1
The combustion gas passage 25 is provided between the heating section 17 and the heating section 17, and the methanol passage 26 and the pump 27 are provided between the methanol storage tank 15 and the heating section 17. Therefore, the reforming reaction is promoted. The water obtained by this combustion may be introduced into the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16.

【0014】さらに、改質原料液貯溜槽16には、メタ
ノールと水との混合比率を計測する計測手段28が設け
られている。この計測手段28は、例えば、比重センサ
ー(もしくは濃度センサー、密度センサー等)28aと
温度センサー28bとを備えており、例えば、比重セン
サー28aによる測定値を温度センサー28bによって
感知された温度に応じて補正することにより、改質原料
液の混合比率を正確に計測するようになっている。そし
て、この計測手段28によって計測された改質原料液の
混合比率は、コントローラー14に送られるようになっ
ている。また、メタノール貯溜槽15の下部に、コント
ローラー14にその開度が制御される自動弁(ON/O
FFバルブ、ソレノイドバルブ等)29が設けられてい
る。
Further, the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 is provided with a measuring means 28 for measuring the mixing ratio of methanol and water. The measuring means 28 includes, for example, a specific gravity sensor (or a concentration sensor, a density sensor, etc.) 28a and a temperature sensor 28b. For example, the measured value by the specific gravity sensor 28a is determined according to the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 28b. By making the correction, the mixing ratio of the reforming raw material liquid can be accurately measured. The mixing ratio of the reforming raw material liquid measured by the measuring means 28 is sent to the controller 14. Further, an automatic valve (ON / O) whose opening is controlled by the controller 14 is provided below the methanol storage tank 15.
FF valve, solenoid valve, etc.) 29.

【0015】また、メタノール貯溜槽15には水位計3
0とメタノール供給口31とが設けられている。そし
て、メタノール貯溜槽15に貯溜されているメタノール
量が少なくなった場合、外部からメタノール供給口31
を介してメタノール補給を促すようになっている。同様
に、改質原料液貯溜槽16には、水位計32および水供
給口33が設けられ、改質原料液貯溜槽16における改
質原料液の水位が所定の位置より低くなった場合には水
の補給を促すようになっている。
In the methanol storage tank 15, a water level meter 3
0 and a methanol supply port 31 are provided. When the amount of methanol stored in the methanol storage tank 15 becomes small, the methanol supply port 31 is externally supplied.
It is designed to prompt replenishment of methanol via the. Similarly, the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 is provided with a water level gauge 32 and a water supply port 33, and when the water level of the reforming raw material liquid in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 becomes lower than a predetermined position. It is designed to encourage water supply.

【0016】上記のように構成された実施例の動作につ
き説明する。改質原料液貯溜槽16内の改質原料液は、
改質原料液通路18およびポンプ19を介してメタノー
ル改質器1に導入されて、燃料ガス、具体的には水素ガ
スに改質され、不可避的に二酸化炭素ガス、水蒸気、未
反応メタノールガス、未反応一酸化炭素ガスが生成され
る場合がある。メタノール改質器1から排出されたこれ
らのガスは、燃料ガス通路20を介して燃料電池2の燃
料電極2a側に導入される。前記ガスのうち水素ガスお
よび一酸化炭素ガスは、固体電解質2cを介して、空気
電極2bに導入される空気中の酸素ガス(酸素イオン)
と電気化学的に反応することにより、燃料電池2におい
て発電が行われる。そして、この燃料電池2の燃料電極
2aから排出される排出ガス、すなわち二酸化炭素ガ
ス、水蒸気、メタノールガス、未反応水素ガス、未反応
一酸化炭素ガスは、排出ガス通路22を介して水分離器
23に導入される。この水分離器23において、水分す
なわち水およびメタノールと、ガス分すなわち二酸化炭
素ガス、未反応水素ガス、未反応一酸化炭素ガスとに分
離される。この分離された水分が、回収水通路24を介
して改質原料液貯溜槽16に導入される。そこで、計測
手段28に計測された混合比率に応じて、コントローラ
ー14が自動弁29の開度を調節し、改質原料液貯溜槽
16におけるメタノールと水との混合比率を常に所定の
値に調整する。このとき、改質原料液貯溜槽16の内部
例えば貯溜槽16の底部に攪拌用ファン(図示せず)を
設け、メタノールを素早く水に溶解するようにして、計
測手段28の精度を高めるよう構成することもできる。
The operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described. The reforming raw material liquid in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 is
It is introduced into the methanol reformer 1 via the reforming raw material liquid passage 18 and the pump 19 and reformed into a fuel gas, specifically hydrogen gas, and inevitably carbon dioxide gas, steam, unreacted methanol gas, Unreacted carbon monoxide gas may be generated. These gases discharged from the methanol reformer 1 are introduced to the fuel electrode 2a side of the fuel cell 2 via the fuel gas passage 20. Hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas among the above gases are oxygen gas (oxygen ions) in the air introduced into the air electrode 2b through the solid electrolyte 2c.
Electricity is generated in the fuel cell 2 by electrochemically reacting with. The exhaust gas discharged from the fuel electrode 2a of the fuel cell 2, that is, carbon dioxide gas, water vapor, methanol gas, unreacted hydrogen gas, and unreacted carbon monoxide gas, is discharged through the exhaust gas passage 22 into a water separator. 23. In this water separator 23, water, that is, water and methanol, are separated into gas components, that is, carbon dioxide gas, unreacted hydrogen gas, and unreacted carbon monoxide gas. The separated water is introduced into the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 through the recovered water passage 24. Therefore, the controller 14 adjusts the opening degree of the automatic valve 29 according to the mixing ratio measured by the measuring means 28 to constantly adjust the mixing ratio of methanol and water in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 to a predetermined value. To do. At this time, a stirring fan (not shown) is provided inside the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16, for example, at the bottom of the storage tank 16, so that methanol is quickly dissolved in water to improve the accuracy of the measuring means 28. You can also do it.

【0017】上記説明したように、改質原料液貯溜槽1
6には、まず水が補給され、その後メタノールが補給さ
れることにより、改質原料液貯溜槽16内における水と
メタノールとの混合比率が設定される。ここで、水の比
重は約1.0、メタノールの比重は約0.8であるの
で、混合液中の水の割合が大きくなると混合液の比重が
大きくなり、メタノールの比重が大きくなると混合液の
比重が小さくなる。そこで、ある温度に対する所定の比
重がαt0、許容される範囲がδ、計測手段27によって
計測された混合液の比重がαt とすると、図2に示した
制御ルーチンのように、αt とαt0との差がδより大き
いか否かが判断される(ステップ1)。その判断結果が
“ノー”の場合、自動弁29が閉じられてメタノールの
供給が行われない(ステップ2)。判断結果が“イエ
ス”の場合、自動弁29が開いてメタノールが供給され
る(ステップ3)。この制御動作が繰り返されることに
より、改質原料液貯溜槽16におけるメタノールと水と
の混合比率が常にほぼ所定の値にされる。
As described above, the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 1
6, the water is first replenished, and then the methanol is replenished, whereby the mixing ratio of water and methanol in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 is set. Here, since the specific gravity of water is about 1.0 and the specific gravity of methanol is about 0.8, the specific gravity of the mixed solution increases as the proportion of water in the mixed solution increases, and the specific gravity of methanol increases as the specific gravity of methanol increases. The specific gravity of becomes smaller. Therefore, assuming that the predetermined specific gravity for a certain temperature is αt0, the allowable range is δ, and the specific gravity of the mixed solution measured by the measuring means 27 is αt, as in the control routine shown in FIG. It is determined whether the difference is larger than δ (step 1). When the result of the determination is "No", the automatic valve 29 is closed and the methanol is not supplied (step 2). If the determination result is "yes", the automatic valve 29 is opened and methanol is supplied (step 3). By repeating this control operation, the mixing ratio of methanol and water in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 is always set to a substantially predetermined value.

【0018】この実施例によれば、始動に必要な改質原
料液は、すでに改質原料液貯溜槽16においてメタノー
ルと水とが所定の比率で混合された状態で貯溜されてい
る。このメタノールと水とが混合された改質原料液、す
なわちメタノールが溶解した水は、メタノールの凝固点
が約−100℃であるため、通常の気象環境の温度下で
凍結することがない。したがって、寒冷地においても改
質原料液自体が凍結することがないため、この改質原料
液を利用しての上記燃料電池システムを寒冷地での始動
が可能である。
According to this embodiment, the reforming raw material liquid necessary for starting is already stored in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 in a state where methanol and water are mixed at a predetermined ratio. Since the reforming raw material liquid in which methanol and water are mixed, that is, water in which methanol is dissolved, has a freezing point of methanol of about -100 ° C, it does not freeze under the temperature of a normal weather environment. Therefore, since the reforming raw material liquid itself does not freeze even in cold regions, it is possible to start the fuel cell system using the reforming raw material liquid in cold regions.

【0019】さらに、前記システムにおいて生成ならび
に循環される水を利用して、新たに改質原料液を調製す
るため、前記システムの連続運転が可能である。また水
を単独で貯溜する必要が特になくなるため、重量や配設
スペースの点で、特に車載上、有利に構成することがで
き、水の凍結を考慮する必要がなくなっている。具体的
にいうと、改質原料液すなわち1 molのメタノールと約
1 molの水とから、エネルギーを取り出す際、約3 mol
の水が生成される。これら約3 molの水から、約1 mol
の水を回収すれば、外部から水供給口33を介しての水
を補給する必要もない。
Further, since the reforming raw material liquid is newly prepared by utilizing the water produced and circulated in the system, continuous operation of the system is possible. Further, since it is not particularly necessary to store water alone, it can be advantageously constructed in terms of weight and installation space, particularly on a vehicle, and it is not necessary to consider freezing of water. Specifically, when extracting energy from the reforming raw material liquid, that is, 1 mol of methanol and about 1 mol of water, about 3 mol of
Water is produced. From these about 3 mol water, about 1 mol
If the water is collected, it is not necessary to replenish the water via the water supply port 33 from the outside.

【0020】また、従来のシステムでは、メタノールと
水とをそれぞれポンプにより加圧しながら混合し、メタ
ノール改質器1に導入するようになっていたため、ポン
プの脈動により改質原料液の混合比率が不安定になるこ
とが多かったが、この第1実施例では、すでに所定の割
合で混合されている改質原料液をメタノール改質器1に
導入するようになっているため、混合液の混合比率は安
定し、ひいては燃料電池の発電量を安定させることがで
きる。さらに、メタノール貯溜槽15から改質原料液貯
溜槽16へのメタノールの導入は重力を利用しているた
め、従来のシステムに比べ、改質原料液をメタノール改
質器1に導入するためのポンプが2基から1基に減少さ
れ、その配設やコストの面等で有利に構成される。
Further, in the conventional system, methanol and water are mixed while being pressurized by respective pumps and introduced into the methanol reformer 1, so that the pulsation of the pumps causes the mixing ratio of the reforming raw material liquids to change. Although it often became unstable, in the first embodiment, since the reforming raw material liquid already mixed at a predetermined ratio is introduced into the methanol reformer 1, mixing of the mixed liquid is performed. The ratio is stable, and thus the power generation amount of the fuel cell can be stabilized. Furthermore, since the introduction of methanol from the methanol storage tank 15 to the reforming raw material liquid storage tank 16 uses gravity, a pump for introducing the reforming raw material liquid into the methanol reformer 1 is more effective than the conventional system. Is reduced from two to one, which is advantageous in terms of arrangement and cost.

【0021】[0021]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、この発明によれ
ば、燃料電池用メタノール改質器に供給される改質原料
液が、改質原料液貯溜槽において、すでにメタノールと
水とが所定の比率で調整された状態で貯溜されている。
したがって、寒冷地においても、この改質原料液が凍結
することがないので、燃料電池システムの始動をするこ
とができる。また、燃料電池システムにおいて生成なら
びに循環される水を利用するようになっているため、改
質原料液を調製するために水を貯溜する必要が特になく
なる。したがって、この燃料電池システムの小型・軽量
化を図ることができる。さらに、改質原料液におけるメ
タノールと水との混合比率が安定するので、メタノール
改質器から得られる水素ガス量が安定し、燃料電池にお
ける発電量が安定する。
As described above, according to the present invention, the reforming raw material liquid supplied to the methanol reformer for a fuel cell has a predetermined amount of methanol and water in the reforming raw material liquid storage tank. It is stored in the state adjusted by the ratio.
Therefore, even in cold regions, the reforming raw material liquid does not freeze, so that the fuel cell system can be started. Further, since the water produced and circulated in the fuel cell system is used, it is not necessary to store water for preparing the reforming raw material liquid. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the fuel cell system. Furthermore, since the mixing ratio of methanol and water in the reforming raw material liquid is stable, the amount of hydrogen gas obtained from the methanol reformer is stable and the amount of power generation in the fuel cell is stable.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】この発明の原料液供給装置の一実施例を概略的
に示した図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a raw material liquid supply device of the present invention.

【図2】図1に示した実施例の制御ルーチンを示したフ
ローチャートである。
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control routine of the embodiment shown in FIG.

【図3】従来の車載用燃料電池システムの一例を概略的
に示す図である。
FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a conventional vehicle-mounted fuel cell system.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 メタノール改質器 2 燃料電池 13 機能タンク 15 メタノール貯溜槽 16 改質原料液貯溜槽 29 自動弁 1 Methanol reformer 2 Fuel cell 13 Functional tank 15 Methanol storage tank 16 Reforming raw material liquid storage tank 29 Automatic valve

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 水素ガスと酸素ガスとの電気化学反応を
行う燃料電池に水素ガスを供給するためにメタノールの
水蒸気改質反応を行う燃料電池用メタノール改質器の原
料液供給装置において、 メタノールを貯溜するメタノール貯溜槽と、このメタノ
ール貯溜槽の下側に配設されるとともに前記燃料電池か
ら排出される水の供給管路が接続され、かつメタノール
と水との混合液を貯溜する改質原料液貯溜槽と、前記メ
タノール貯溜槽と前記改質原料液貯溜槽との間に配設さ
れ、前記メタノール貯溜槽から前記改質原料液貯溜槽に
流入するメタノールの流入量を、前記改質原料液貯溜槽
におけるメタノールと水との混合比率が所定の値になる
よう調整する流入量調整手段とを備えていることを特徴
とする燃料電池用メタノール改質器の原料液供給装置。
1. A raw material liquid supply device for a methanol reformer for a fuel cell, which performs a steam reforming reaction of methanol to supply hydrogen gas to a fuel cell that performs an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, wherein: Reforming for storing a mixed liquid of methanol and water, which is connected to a methanol storage tank for storing water and a water supply pipe which is disposed below the methanol storage tank and is discharged from the fuel cell The raw material liquid storage tank is disposed between the methanol storage tank and the reforming raw material liquid storage tank, and the amount of methanol flowing into the reforming raw material liquid storage tank from the methanol storage tank is adjusted to A raw material liquid supply for a methanol reformer for a fuel cell, comprising: an inflow amount adjusting means for adjusting a mixing ratio of methanol and water in the raw material liquid storage tank to a predetermined value. Location.
JP24887994A 1994-09-16 1994-09-16 Reforming raw material liquid supply device for methanol reformer for fuel cell Expired - Fee Related JP3638970B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP24887994A JP3638970B2 (en) 1994-09-16 1994-09-16 Reforming raw material liquid supply device for methanol reformer for fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP24887994A JP3638970B2 (en) 1994-09-16 1994-09-16 Reforming raw material liquid supply device for methanol reformer for fuel cell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0891804A true JPH0891804A (en) 1996-04-09
JP3638970B2 JP3638970B2 (en) 2005-04-13

Family

ID=17184798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US6242119B1 (en) 1998-07-02 2001-06-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system and draining method for the same
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US6432568B1 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-08-13 General Motors Corporation Water management system for electrochemical engine
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US6740432B1 (en) 1999-06-22 2004-05-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system and method for regulating liquid fuel for the same
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Cited By (19)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6242119B1 (en) 1998-07-02 2001-06-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system and draining method for the same
US6572994B1 (en) 1998-10-26 2003-06-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Polymer electrolyte fuel cell system
WO2000025379A1 (en) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Solid polymer type fuel cell system
US6740432B1 (en) 1999-06-22 2004-05-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system and method for regulating liquid fuel for the same
JP2001135338A (en) * 1999-11-04 2001-05-18 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell equipment and method of operating fuel cell
US6432568B1 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-08-13 General Motors Corporation Water management system for electrochemical engine
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KR20020056150A (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-10 구자홍 Fuel supply apparatus for fc
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US7563530B2 (en) 2003-04-11 2009-07-21 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Fuel amount control system for fuel cell
WO2005043658A3 (en) * 2003-11-04 2006-01-12 Nissan Motor Fuel cell system and water recovery method thereof
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US8071248B2 (en) 2007-01-23 2011-12-06 Bloom Energy Corporation Structure and method for optimizing system efficiency when operating an SOFC system with alcohol fuels
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