JPH0891565A - Pneumatic transport device for granule - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simplify constitution of a pneumatic transport device itself, improve workability and productive efficiency, and attain simplification and integration of an electric system controlling the device, by providing a constant pressure vacuum source. CONSTITUTION: This pneumatic transport device for granule is provided with a constant pressure vacuum source 1 connected with one or a plurality of main pipings 4, branch pipes 5a-5h of which the respective extreme ends are connected to collectors 7a-7h provided corresponding to themselves, and opening/closing valves 6a-6h provided on the branch pipes 5a-5h. Further it is provided with detecting parts 13a-13h detecting the stored quantities of granule material provided in the collectors 7a-7h, a second control part 14b controlling to open/close the opening/closing valves 6a-6h based on the detected signals of the detecting parts 13a-13h, and a first control part 14a controlling the constant pressure vacuum source 1 so that the negative pressure of the main piping 4 and the branch pipes 5a-5h is always constant.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention transports and stores powder and granular material from a material supply source to a collector through an air transport pipe, and the powder and granular material stored in the collector is used as a processing device. The present invention relates to a system for supplying and processing various products, and more particularly, to an air transport device for transporting and storing a powdery or granular material from a material supply source to a collector through an air transport pipe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, various pneumatic transportation devices have been proposed for transporting a granular material from a material supply source to a collector through an pneumatic transportation pipe.

An example of such an air transportation device is shown in FIG. This air transport device is described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-174331, and an example using two systems of suction pipes for air transport is shown.

That is, the air transport pipes 84A and 84B having the suction ports 83A and 83B at the tips, and the air transport pipe 8
Separators 85A and 85B to which the other ends of 4A and 84B are connected
Tanks 90A and 90B having separators and separators 85A and 85
It is provided with two systems of air transportation system consisting of suction pipes 82A and 82B connected to B.

Further, there is provided one suction device 81 having a pair of connection ports 81A and 81B serving as a suction port or a discharge port and capable of forward and reverse operation, and each connection port 81 of the suction device 81.
Suction tubes 82A and 82B are connected to A and 81B, respectively.

Further, first check valves 87A and 87B which allow only the flow in the suction direction are provided in the middle of the respective suction pipes 82A and 82B, and the first check valves 87A and 87B and the respective connection ports 81A. , 81B are provided between the branch pipes 89A and 89B. And these branch pipes 89A, 89B
In addition, a second check valve (88A or 88B) that allows only the discharge from the suction pipe (82A or 82B) connected to the connection port (81A or 81B) serving as the discharge port is provided. In addition, each first check valve 87A, 87B and each separator 85A, 8
The filter 86 is attached to the suction pipes 82A, 82B between the
A and 86B are provided.

Then, the pneumatic transportation device having the above construction operates as follows.

That is, the suction device 81 is operated (for example,
When the connection port 81A is used as a suction port and the other connection port 81B is used as a discharge port, the first check valve 87A is opened and the second check valve 88A is closed by suction in the suction pipe 82A. . On the other hand, the suction pipe 82B by the discharge from the connection port 81B
The internal pressure increases, the first check valve 87B closes, and the second check valve 87B closes.
The check valve 88B opens.

Therefore, the powder or granular material sucked from the suction port 83A is sucked and transported into the separator 85A through the air transport pipe 84A.

On the other hand, when the suction device 81 is operated (for example, reversely rotated) so that the one connection port 81B is the suction port and the other connection port 81A is the discharge port, the first check valve is sucked by the suction pipe 82B. 87B opens and the second check valve 88B closes. On the other hand, the suction pipe 82A is formed by discharging from the connection port 81A.
The internal pressure increases, the first check valve 87A closes, and the second check valve 87A closes.
Check valve 88A opens.

Therefore, the powder or granular material sucked from the suction port 83B is sucked and transported into the separator 85B through the air transport pipe 84B.

[0012]

As described above, in the conventional pneumatic transportation device, the two pneumatic transportation systems are combined into one suction device 8.
1, the powder particles are pneumatically transported by selectively sucking. That is, the two systems of air transportation cannot be operated at the same time, and when one system is operating, the other system is stopped. Therefore, the conventional pneumatic transportation device has various problems as described below.

(1) In the case where it is desired to switch from one air transportation system to the other air transportation system in order to pneumatically transport the granular material by selectively sucking two air transportation systems by one suction device 81. The switching operation is required each time.
In particular, in the era of today's high-mix low-volume production, switching operations are often required, which is extremely troublesome work.

(2) The alternative suction means that one of the pneumatic transportation systems cannot suck. In other words, even if one tank of the air transportation system that cannot be sucked is emptied, the granular material cannot be supplied, so that the mechanical operation of the system is interrupted. For example, even if there are four suction devices 81 and there are eight transportation systems, only four transportation systems can operate in the conventional air transportation device, and the remaining four transportation systems cannot operate. for that reason,
When the machines in these systems run out of material in the tank, they will stop operating at that point. In this case, in order to enable all eight transportation systems to operate simultaneously, it is necessary to prepare eight suction devices 81, which is extremely expensive.

(3) Suction pipes 82A and 82B connected to the suction device 81 are required for each pneumatic transportation system, but since the suction pipes 82A and 82B are main pipes, the pipe diameter is large and expensive. . In addition, such main pipes are spread in the factory by the number of systems, and the cost of piping materials is high, and the cost of piping work is also high, which increases the cost accordingly. Moreover, since the total length of the main pipe is long, extra maintenance and inspection are required.

(4) When a large number of conventional pneumatic transportation devices as described above are installed in parallel, it is necessary to enable ON / OFF operations for each system, and these can be operated collectively. Since it is difficult to do so, it becomes electrically complicated and the electric construction cost for that is high.

(5) When operating and suctioning one system, it is necessary not to suck the other system. Therefore, the check valve 8 is attached to the suction pipes 82A and 82B which are main pipes.
7A, 88A, 87B, 88B and the like are attached, and complicated operations such as alternately opening and closing are required.

(6) Since it is necessary to constantly monitor the materials in the tanks 90A and 90B so as not to interfere with the operation due to a short circuit, it is necessary to pay close attention to the process control.

(7) When constant production is constantly performed for a long period of time under the same process control, computerization for controlling this is relatively easy, but when performing high-mix low-volume production or seasonal production. If the production volume and production variety change rapidly due to economic trends or economic trends, it is difficult to build a system that can accurately respond to these changes.

The present invention was devised to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a constant pressure vacuum source to simplify the structure of the apparatus itself and improve workability and production efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide an air transport device for powder and granules, which also simplifies and consolidates an electric system for controlling this.

[0021]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an air transportation apparatus for powder or granular material according to claim 1 of the present invention supplements the powder or granular material from a material supply source through an air transportation pipe. Applied to a system that transports and stores the material in a collector and supplies the granular material stored in the collector to a processing device to process various products, and one or more main pipes are connected A constant pressure vacuum source, a branch pipe branched from the main pipe into a plurality of pipes, each of which has a tip connected to the collector provided corresponding to each of the main pipe and the negative pipe of the branch pipe. The first control unit controls the constant pressure vacuum source so that the pressure is always constant.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air transport device for powdery or granular material according to the first aspect, wherein the on-off valve provided in the branch pipe and the collector are provided. A configuration is provided that includes a detection unit that is provided and that detects the storage amount of the granular material, and a second control unit that controls the opening and closing of the on-off valve based on the detection signal of the detection unit.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air transportation device for powdery or granular material according to the first or second aspect, wherein the first control unit operates the constant pressure vacuum source. The control is proportional derivative control (PD) or proportional integral derivative control (PID).

[0024]

The operation of the pneumatic transportation device for powder particles according to claim 1 will be described.

One or a plurality of main pipes are connected to a constant pressure vacuum source such as a blower, a plurality of branch pipes are branched from these main pipes, and a collector is provided at each tip of these branch pipes. Connecting. Then, the constant pressure vacuum source is controlled by the first controller so that the negative pressures of the main pipe and the branch pipes are always constant.

The negative pressure of the constant pressure vacuum source is set to, for example, -0.4 kg / cm ^{2, though} it depends on the material of the granular material and the distance (head loss) of the transportation pipe. However, in the case of a light granular material having a small apparent specific gravity, -0.1 kg / cm ²
May be set. Further, when the apparent specific gravity of the granular material is large, when the granular material contains moisture, when the distance of the transportation pipe is long, etc., it may be set to -0.8 kg / cm ² . In other words, the negative pressure of the constant pressure vacuum source is
-0.1 kg / cm ² to -0.8 kg / c depending on the apparent specific gravity of the granular material, the degree of moisture, the distance of the transportation pipe, etc.
It may be set arbitrarily between m ² .

As described above, since the constant pressure vacuum source always maintains a constant negative pressure in the main pipe and the branch pipe, even if a large number of collectors are emptied at the same time, Since suction can be performed with the same constant negative pressure, the granular material can be reliably transported and stored in each empty collector.

The operation of the pneumatic transportation device for powdery or granular material according to claim 2 will be described.

An opening / closing valve is provided in each branch pipe having the above-mentioned configuration, and a detector for detecting the amount of the powder or granular material stored is provided in each collector, and a second controller based on a detection signal from this detector. The on-off valve is controlled to open and close by.

For example, when the detection unit is a lower limit level detector for detecting the lower limit level of the granular material in the collector, the second control unit opens the open / close valve based on this detection signal. Then, the inside of the branch pipe is suctioned, and the granular material is controlled to be transported from the material supply source to the collector for a certain set time (for example, 30 seconds, an arbitrary time such as 3 minutes).

When the detection unit is a level detector for detecting the lower limit level and the upper limit level of the granular material in the collector, the second control unit controls the open / close valve based on the lower limit detection signal. Is opened, the inside of the branch pipe is sucked, the granular material is transported from the material supply source to the collector, and the open / close valve that was opened is closed based on the upper limit detection signal, and the suction inside the branch pipe is stopped. Then, the transportation of the granular material to the collector is controlled to be stopped.

Thus, the powdery granular material is transported to each collector at any time by controlling only the on-off valve without switching from one pneumatic transportation system to the other pneumatic transportation system unlike the conventional pneumatic transportation device. You can now do.

Further, since the constant pressure vacuum source always keeps a constant negative pressure in the main pipe and the branch pipe, the suction force of each system when the on-off valve is opened is also kept constant.
Therefore, the amount of powdery granular material transported to the collector per unit time is constant regardless of the open / closed states of other open / close valves. It is possible to set the control to a fixed time. That is, complicated control such as delicately controlling the opening / closing times of all the open / closed valves according to the open / closed state of each open / close valve is unnecessary.

The operation of the pneumatic transportation device for powder particles according to claim 3 will be described.

The operation control of the constant pressure vacuum source by the first control unit is proportional derivative control (PD) or proportional integral derivative control (PI).
D).

For example, when the blower suddenly operates, the negative pressure exceeds the set value for a moment, so that the constant pressure vacuum source immediately senses that the constant negative pressure has been reached and stops the operation of the blower. However, since the set negative pressure has not actually been reached in the main pipe, at the next moment, the set value or less is again sensed and the blower is operated again.
Further, even when the on-off valve suddenly opens or closes, the constant pressure vacuum source operates in the same manner as described above, so that PD control or PID is performed so that such meaningless operation is not repeated.
Take control.

[0037]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of an air transportation device for powdery or granular material according to the present invention, and exemplifies a case where the air transportation system is one system.

In the figure, the constant pressure vacuum source 1 uses a blower 2 in this embodiment, and a main pipe 4 which is a suction pipe is connected to a suction port of the blower 2 through a filter 3. Although one blower 2 is shown in this embodiment, a plurality of blowers 2 can be installed if necessary.

The main pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of branch pipes 5a-5h in the middle thereof.
To 5h through the open / close valves 6a to 6h, respectively, the collector 7
a to 7h are connected.

The collectors 7b and 7c are connected to the mixer 8a, and the discharge port of the mixer 8a, the discharge port of the collector 7a, and the discharge port of the hopper 9a for manually feeding the raw materials are, for example, It is guided through a delivery pipe into the hopper 11a of the injection molding machine 10a. The collectors 7d and 7e are mixers 8
b, and the discharge port of the mixer 8b and the discharge port of the hopper 9b for manually feeding the raw materials are, for example, the injection molding machine 10
It is guided through the delivery pipe into the hopper 11b of b.
Further, the collectors 7f and 7g are connected to the mixer 8c, and the discharge port of the mixer 8c is guided to the inside of the hopper 11c of the injection molding machine 10c through a delivery pipe, for example. Further, the discharge port of the collector 7h is guided, for example, into the hopper 11d of the injection molding machine 10d through a delivery pipe.

Further, the collectors 7a to 7h are connected to the air transport pipes 12a to 12h for transporting the granular material from the material supply sources 18a to 18h, respectively. In the collectors 7a to 7h, level detectors 13a to 13h for detecting the lower limit level of the stored granular material are provided.

Further, these level detectors 13a to 13h are also provided.
Is detected by the second controller 14 equipped with a computer.
The second control unit 14b is configured to control the opening / closing of each of the on-off valves 6a to 6h based on these detection signals and the like.

In this embodiment, the injection molding machines 10a ...
Although it has been described as a system for supplying the powdery material to 10d, a system for supplying the powdery material to a processing device such as an extruder (extruder) or a filling machine (packer) may be used in addition to this. It is possible.

Further, the negative pressure of the constant pressure vacuum source 1 by the blower 2 is, as described above, the apparent specific gravity of the granular material used, the degree of moisture, the pipe diameters and distances of the air transport pipes 12a to 12h, etc. -0.1 kg / cm ² based on various conditions
To -0.8 kg / cm ² may be arbitrarily set. Further, since the constant pressure vacuum source 1 is always kept at a constant negative pressure by the first controller 14a, the collectors 7a to 7a.
Regardless of how many are operated for 7 h, it operates so as to always exhibit a constant suction capacity.

For example, when the operating number of the collectors 7a to 7h is small, the blower 2 has a small capacity to maintain a constant suction force (for example, -0.4 kg / cm ² ). Suction is sufficient, and when a large number of operating devices out of the total number of collectors 7a to 7h are used, a large capacity is exerted in order to maintain this constant suction force (for example, -0.4 kg / cm ² ). And will be sucked. Such control is performed by the first controller 14a.

The first controller 14a controls the operation of the constant pressure vacuum source 1 by proportional derivative control (PD) or proportional integral derivative control (PID).

For example, when the blower 2 which is the constant pressure vacuum source 1 suddenly operates, the negative pressure exceeds the set value for a moment, so that the constant pressure vacuum source 1 immediately senses that the constant negative pressure is reached,
Stop operation of blower 2. However, since the set negative pressure is not actually reached in the main pipe 4, at the next moment, the blower 2 is operated again by sensing the set value or less again. Further, the open / close valves 6a to 6h
Since the constant pressure vacuum source 1 performs the same operation even when is suddenly opened or closed, the control operation by the first control unit 14a is controlled by the PD so as not to repeat such meaningless operation.
Control or PID control is used.

Next, the operation of the pneumatic transportation device having the above structure will be described.

While the injection molding machines 10a to 10d are in operation, when the granular material is sufficiently stored in all the collectors 7a to 7h, the on-off valves 6a to 6h are controlled by the second control. It is closed by the control signal from the portion 14b. In addition, the blower 2 which is the constant pressure vacuum source 1 always has a constant negative pressure (for example, -0.4 kg / c) inside the main pipe 4.
The operation is controlled by the control signal from the first controller 14a so as to maintain m ² ).

In such an operating state, for example, when the level detector 13a in the collector 7a detects that the stored granular material has reached the lower limit level, the detection signal indicates the second control. It is sent to the section 14b. The second control unit 14b, based on this detection signal, opens and closes the on-off valve 6
Control to open a. Therefore, the inside of the collector 7a is sucked through the branch pipe 5a, so that the granular material is transported and stored in the collector 7a from the material supply source 18a through the air transport pipe 12a.

Such operation control is performed by the other collectors 7b ...
The same applies when the granular material stored in 7h reaches the lower limit level. Moreover, even if a plurality of collectors are emptied at the same time and suction is performed at the same time, since the constant pressure vacuum source 1 is used, the suction force in each of the collectors 7a to 7h is equal to that of the collector 7a. It will always be kept constant regardless of the operating number of ~ 7h. That is, the collectors 7a to 7h
It is possible to reliably transport and store the granular material in the empty collector regardless of the operating number of the.

Incidentally, when a vacuum source that is not a constant pressure is used, the suction force in each collector is large when the number of operating collectors is small, and is small when the number of operating collectors is large. Therefore, depending on the operating state of the collector, a situation may occur in which the planned amount of the granular material is not supplied to the collector.

Here, the time for which the on-off valve 6a is kept open (that is, the timing for closing) is the time (for example, 30) during which the predetermined granular material is sucked and stored in the collector 7a.
(Arbitrary time such as second, 3 minutes, etc.) may be set in advance, and may be closed when the set time has elapsed.
Further, a level detector for detecting the upper limit level of the granular material is provided at an upper position in each of the collectors 7a to 7h (level detector 13b provided in the collectors 7b, 7d, 7h,
13d and 13h are shown as detectors for detecting the lower limit level and the upper limit level, respectively.) When this level detector detects the upper limit level of the particulate material that has been sucked and stored, the on-off valve 6a You may make it close 6h. Further, the timing of detecting the level of the granular material may be continuously detected during the operation, and the intermittent operation is performed for about 5 seconds to 20 seconds, and the granular material accumulated during the suspension of operation. May be detected.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the pneumatic transportation device for powdery particles according to the present invention, in which a plurality of main pipes 4 (in this embodiment, two pipes 4a and 4b) are arranged in parallel. The configuration is shown in FIG.

In the figure, the constant pressure vacuum source 1 has a structure in which four blowers 2 are used in the present embodiment. Of these, two suction blowers 2a and 2b are provided with suction pipes through filters 3a. Certain main pipes 4a and 4b are connected. Further, main pipes 4a and 4b, which are suction pipes, are connected to the respective suction ports of the other two blowers 2c and 2d via a filter 3b.

Since the other structure is the same as that shown in FIG. 1, the same members are designated by the same reference numerals here (however, the lower case alphabetical letters as subscripts are used to distinguish the same members). Different characters are attached), and detailed description is omitted. Further, extruders 15a, 15b, ... As processing equipment are connected to the main pipe 4b.

When four blowers 2a to 2d are installed as the constant pressure vacuum source 1 as in this embodiment, the on-off valves 6i to 6q are provided.
Of these, when the number of open / close valves is large, the four blowers 2a to 2d are in full operation. However, when the number of open / close valves is small, the four blowers 2a to 2d are arbitrarily operated. The blower (for example, 2b, 2d) will be stopped. Such control is performed by the first controller 14a.

Further, the operation of the pneumatic transportation device shown in FIG. 2 is the same as that shown in FIG. 1, so the description of the operation will be omitted here.

[0060]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The pneumatic transportation device for powder and granules according to the present invention comprises a constant pressure vacuum source to which one or a plurality of main pipes are connected, and a plurality of branches from the main pipe, each of which has a tip. A branch pipe connected to the collector provided corresponding to each, and a first control unit for controlling the constant pressure vacuum source so that the negative pressure of the main pipe and the branch pipe are always constant It is configured. Further, an air transport apparatus for powder and granules according to the present invention includes an opening / closing valve provided in a branch pipe, a detection unit provided in a collector for detecting a storage amount of the powder or granular material, and a detection unit of this detection unit. The second that controls the opening and closing of the on-off valve based on the detection signal
And a control unit. Further, in the pneumatic transportation device for powdery particles according to the present invention, the operation control of the constant pressure vacuum source by the first control unit is proportional differential control (PD) or proportional integral differential control (PID). The effect of.

(1) In the conventional device, switching operation of the power source is required, and there is a time loss until the negative pressure becomes constant after the power is turned on. However, in the device of the present invention, each system is always constant. Since it is standing by at the negative pressure of, each system can be operated immediately without time loss.

(2) Since a constant negative pressure is always maintained in the main pipe and the branch pipe by the constant pressure vacuum source, even if a large number of collectors are emptied at the same time, the suction is surely performed for each system. Therefore, it is possible to reliably transport and store the granular material in each empty collector. Therefore, the situation in which the machine operation is interrupted until the material suction is switched does not occur.

(3) Since the main pipe and the branch pipe are always kept at a constant negative pressure by the constant pressure vacuum source, the suction force of each system when the on-off valve is opened is also kept constant. .
Therefore, the amount of powdery granular material transported to the collector per unit time is constant regardless of the open / closed states of other open / close valves. It is possible to set the control to a fixed time. That is, complicated control such as delicately controlling the opening / closing times of all the open / closed valves according to the open / closed state of each open / close valve is unnecessary.

(4) In the conventional device, the number of main pipes connected to the suction device was required for the number of transportation systems, but in the pneumatic transportation device of the present invention, the main pipes are basically used for a plurality of transportation systems. Since the number of main pipes having a large pipe diameter can be reduced since the number of pipes can be reduced to one, material costs and piping construction costs can be reduced accordingly. Moreover, since the total length of the piping is short, maintenance and inspection are easy.

(5) In the conventional device, a suction device (vacuum source) is required for each transport system so that all the transport systems can be operated simultaneously. However, in the pneumatic transport device of the present invention, Since it is not necessary to provide a vacuum source for each transport system, the number of vacuum sources, such as blowers, can be significantly reduced.

(6) Since it is not necessary to perform an operation such as switching the transportation system alternately as in the conventional apparatus, it is not necessary to provide an opening / closing valve or a check valve in the main pipe. Can be reduced.

(7) When the amount of the granular material in the collector decreases, the lower limit level is detected and the granular material is automatically sucked. The troublesomeness of paying attention to the switching time is eliminated, and the process management becomes easy.

(8) Computerization is easy because it is only necessary to control the constant pressure vacuum source so that the negative pressures of the main pipe and the branch pipes are always constant. In particular, when performing high-mix low-volume production, or depending on the season or economic trends,
Even when the product type changes rapidly, the air transport apparatus of the present invention does not need to consider these changes, and thus can be computerized. Further, even when it is desired to change the size of the product or the amount of material used at one time, it is not necessary to newly adjust the set computer program. In addition, even if the material storage capacity changes due to replacement of the processing equipment or collector, or if a new processing equipment is installed by extending the air transportation pipe and extending it, the set computer program is set. There is no need to make new adjustments.

(9) Even when the maximum capacity of the constant pressure vacuum source is increased or decreased, it can be easily performed by a simple operation such as adding or reducing a blower.

(10) Since the operation control of the constant pressure vacuum source by the first controller is the proportional derivative control (PD) or the proportional integral derivative control (PID), for example, when the blower suddenly operates, the negative pressure is momentarily increased. Since it exceeds the set value, the constant pressure vacuum source immediately detects that the constant negative pressure has been reached, stops the operation of the blower, and at the next moment, again detects the value below the set value and restarts the blower. Such repeated malfunctions are prevented. Further, even when the open / close valve is suddenly opened or closed, it is possible to prevent the constant pressure vacuum source from performing the same malfunction as described above.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air transport device for powder and granules according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the pneumatic transportation device for powder and granules according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional air transportation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Constant Pressure Vacuum Source 2 Blower 4 Main Pipe 5a to 5q Branch Pipe 6a to 6q Open / close Valve 7a to 7q Collector 10a to 10f Injection Molding Machine 12a to 12q Air Transport Pipe 13a to 13q Detector (Detector) 14a First Control Part 14b 2nd control part 15a, 15b Extruder 18a-18h Material supply source

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A powdery or granular material from a material supply source is transported and stored in a collector through an air transport pipe, and the powdery or granular material stored in the collector is supplied to a processing device to produce various products. In a system for processing, a constant pressure vacuum source to which one or a plurality of main pipes are connected, and the above-mentioned collecting unit that is branched from the main pipe into a plurality of pipes and has respective tips provided in correspondence with each other. Granules comprising: a branch pipe connected to a container; and a first control unit that controls the constant pressure vacuum source so that the negative pressures of the main pipe and the branch pipe are always constant pressures. Air transport device for the body. 2. An on-off valve provided in the branch pipe, a detection unit provided in the collector for detecting a storage amount of the granular material, and the on-off valve based on a detection signal of the detection unit. A second control unit for controlling opening and closing of the air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air-transporting apparatus for powdery or granular material is provided. 3. The powdery particle pneumatic transportation device according to claim 1, wherein the operation control of the constant pressure vacuum source by the first controller is proportional derivative control (PD) or proportional integral derivative control (PID). .