JPH0890340A - Tapping method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a tapping method that is able to perform threading work automatically and smoothly with a simple structural device. CONSTITUTION: A spindle 7 with a tap 9 goes up and down along a guide column 2. This spindle 7 hangs at one end side of a wire 10, hanging the intermediate on two pulleys 11 and 12, and a balance weight 13 is hung up at the other end side. This weight 13 is balanced with dead load at the side of the spindle 7, and then a return weight 16 is set up on the upper part. In addition, this weight 16 is hung down free of lifting motion with a wire 20 to be connected to a winding machine 23, thereby mounting it on the balance weight 13 and separating from it alternately. Subsequently, axial external force is added to the spindle 7 as long as a incipient short time when the tap 9 cuts into a workpiece W, and during threading operation, the weight 16 is separated onto the weight 13, cutting off the external force to the tap 9, and after the completion of threading work, the return weight 16 is hung down on the balance weight 13, unbalancing them, and the tap 9 is pulled up from a tapped hole as reversing it.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to thread cutting on a workpiece,
The present invention relates to a method for processing a hole and the like and a device therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, tapping has been mounted on a drilling machine via a special jig, and simple threading has been performed. In this case, since an external force in the tap axis direction is applied during the thread cutting operation, it is difficult to cut the thread with high precision.
There is a problem in that accidents that cut the tap frequently occur. Automatic threading devices exist as large numerically controlled machine tools, but are expensive. If the feed of the spindle of the drilling machine is automatically controlled, a simple automatic tapping device can theoretically be configured, but the feed control is difficult and the configuration cannot be simplified.

Further, conventionally, when stepping drilling is performed by using a table-top drilling machine, it is manually performed, but the work is troublesome. The automatic device has a problem that the structure is complicated, large, and expensive.

[0004]

Therefore, according to the present invention, by using a device having a simple structure such as a drilling machine, highly accurate thread cutting or stepping drilling is performed without applying an external force to the tap. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a hole drilling device having a simple structure and capable of automatically performing such a thread cutting process and a stepping drilling process and having a relatively low cost.

[0005]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, a motor-driven main shaft 7 equipped with a tool such as a tap 9 and a drill 49 can be vertically moved up and down along a guide column 2. The main shaft 7 is supported and suspended on one end side of the balance wire 10, the middle of the balance wire 10 is hung on the pulleys 11 and 12, and the balance weight 13,
42, 43 are suspended, and the balance weights 13, 42,
43 is balanced with its own weight on the main shaft 7 side, the return weights 16, 44 are suspended above and below the balance weights 13, 42, 43 by the suspension wires 20 connected to the hoist 23 so as to be able to move up and down, and the return weights 16, 44 are balanced. By putting on and off the weights 13, 42 and 43, the weight balance with the own weight of the main shaft 7 is adjusted, the main shaft 7 is controlled to move up and down, and the tools 9 and 49 are cut into the workpiece W. A hole processing method of pulling out and pulling out was adopted.

Further, a motor-driven main shaft 7 having a tap 9 mounted thereon is supported so as to be vertically movable along a guide column 2, the main shaft 7 is hung on one end side of a balance wire 10, and the middle of the balance wire 10 is a pulley. 11 and 12, a balance weight 13 is hung on the other end side, the balance weight 13 is balanced with its own weight on the spindle 7 side, and the return weight 16 is provided above the balance weight 13 with a hanging wire 20 connected to a hoist 23. The spindle 7 can be lifted up and down so that it can be placed on the balance weight 13 or separated from it, and the spindle 7 is held only for a short period of time when the tap 9 cuts into the workpiece W.
, The return weight 16 is separated from the balance weight 13 while the tap 9 performs the threading operation on the workpiece W, and the axial external force on the tap 9 is cut off. Was reversed and pulled out of the workpiece W, the return weight 16 was hung on the balance weight 13, and the tapping method of breaking the balance with the main shaft 7 and pulling up the tap 9 was adopted.

In order to carry out the tapping method, a motor-driven main shaft 7 having a tap 9 mounted thereon is vertically supported by an elevating arm 4, and the elevating arm 4 is vertically movably supported along a guide column 2. Lifting arm 4
One end of the balance wire 10 is locked to the hook, the intermediate portion of the balance wire 10 is hung on the pulleys 11 and 12 on the guide column 2, and the balance weight 13 is hung at the other end, and the balance weight 13 is hung on its own weight on the lifting arm 7 side. In addition, a return weight 16 is arranged above the balance weight 13, and the return weight 16 can be lifted and lowered by a hanging wire 20 connected to the hoisting machine 23 so that the return weight 16 can be placed on or separated from the balance weight 10. While the tap 9 is performing the thread cutting operation on the workpiece W, the return weight 16 is set to the balance weight 1 so as not to apply an external force in the axial direction to the tap 9.
3 at a distance above and after the threading operation is completed,
When the tap was reversed and it came out of the screw hole, the return weight 16 was placed on the balance weight 13 to break the balance, and the winder 23 was controlled so that the tap 9 was pulled up to constitute a tapping device.

In the present invention, a motor-driven main shaft 7 having a tap 9 mounted thereon is supported vertically vertically movable along the guide column 2, and the main shaft 7 is hung on one end of a balance wire 10. Pulley 11 in the middle of 10,
12, a balance weight 13 is hung on the other end side, the balance weight 13 is balanced with the own weight of the main shaft 7, and the hoist 2 is placed above the balance weight 13.
The return weight 16 is hung up and down freely by the suspension wire 20 leading to the balance weight 13 and the return weight 16 is balanced weight 13
The balance weight 13 is lifted by the return weight 16 only for a short period of initial time when the tap 9 cuts into the workpiece W so that the balance weight 13 can be lifted up integrally by being placed on or removed from the work piece, or by being engaged with the balance weight 13 in the ascending process. In this state, after the tap 9 is subjected to its own weight on the spindle 7 side, the return weight 16 is floated on the balance weight 13 while the tap 9 performs the thread cutting operation with respect to the workpiece W, and the tap 9
After cutting off the external force in the axial direction with respect to
When the tap 9 is reversed and slipped out of the screw hole, the return weight 16 is hung on the balance weight 13 and the main shaft 7
A tapping method of lifting the tap 9 while breaking the balance with the side can be adopted.

In the present invention, in order to carry out the above-mentioned method, a motor-driven main shaft 7 equipped with a tap 9 is vertically supported on a lifting arm 4, and the lifting arm 4 is vertically movable along the guide column 2. And the lifting arm 4
, One end of the balance wire 10 is hooked, the intermediate portion of the balance wire 10 is hung on the pulleys 11 and 12 on the guide post 2, and the balance weight 13 is hung on the other end, and the balance weight 13 is fishing on its own weight on the lifting arm 4 side. Then, a return weight 16 is arranged above the balance weight 13, and the return weight 16 is suspended by a suspending wire 20 connected to a hoisting machine 23 so as to be able to move up and down, and is placed on and separated from the balance weight 13. The hoisting machine 23 is driven by a motor 27 to wind up or release the hanging wire 20 by engaging and disengaging the clutch 25, and furthermore, the vertical position of the tap 9 is adjusted. Position detection means using an encoder 14 or the like for detection is provided, and the phase of the return weight 16 and the balance weight 13 is adjusted. A limit switch 19 for detecting the position is provided, the drive motor 6 of the spindle 7 is started at an appropriate time after the apparatus is started, and the hoisting machine 23 is caused to hoist the hanging wire 20 to return the weight 16 and the balance weight 13 together. When the position detection means 14 detects that the tip of the tap 9 has reached the processing start position where the tip of the tap 9 comes into contact with the workpiece W, the hoist is wound for a predetermined short biting time. Two
By continuing the hoisting operation of No. 3, the hoisting machine 23 is stopped in a state where the self-weight in the axial direction is applied to the tap 9 and the tap 9 is bitten by the workpiece W, and then the balance arm 4 and the balance weight are connected. 13 and cut off the axial external force to the tap 9 during the threading operation, and the position detecting means 1 detects that the tap 9 has reached a predetermined threading depth.
4 detects that the tap 9 is pulled out from the screw hole and the position detecting means 14 detects that the tap 9 has come off, the clutch 25 of the winding machine 23 is disengaged to suspend the hanging wire 20. Release and return weight 1
The tapping device is configured by providing the control device 29 that controls each part so as to raise the tap 9 by dropping 6 onto the balance weight 13 and lowering it.

In the present invention, the motor-driven main shaft 7 on which the drill 49 is mounted is vertically supported on the elevating arm 4, and the elevating arm 4 is vertically slidably supported along the guide column 2. 4, one end of the balance wire 10 is locked, an intermediate portion of the balance wire 10 is hung on the pulleys 11, 12 on the guide column 2, and the other end is provided with a main weight 42 that balances the total weight of the balance wire 10 with its own weight on the lifting arm 4 side. The pressurizing weight 43 is suspended, and a return weight 44 is disposed above the pressurizing weight 43. The return weight 44 is hung up and down by the suspending wire 20 connected to the hoisting means, and is placed on the pressurizing weight 43. Together with the main weight 42, and the winding means drives the motor 27 to engage and disengage the clutch 25 to wind the suspension wire 20. Together is configured to release this, providing a position detecting means for further detecting the vertical position of the drill 49, the return weight 44 and the main weight 42, the limit switch 4 for detecting the relative position of the pressure weight 43
5, 46 are provided, the drive motor 6 of the main shaft 7 is started at an appropriate time after the start of the apparatus, and the hoisting means performs the hoisting operation of the hoisting wire 20 to hoist the return weight 44 together with the pressure weight 43 to drill. 49 is lowered, the weight of the pressure weight 43 in the axial direction is applied to the drill 49, and the workpiece W is pressed against the workpiece W, so that the workpiece W is perforated, and a predetermined hole is preset. When the position detecting means detects that the depth has also reached the depth obtained by dividing the depth by the preset number of steppings, the clutch of the winding means is disengaged to release the hanging wire, and the return weight is used as the main weight 42 and the pressure weight. Drop it on 43 and lower it to pull out the drill 49, drill this hole,
The operation of pulling up the drill 49 is repeated a predetermined number of times for stepping, and a control device 29 for controlling each part so as to form a hole having a predetermined depth is provided to configure the drill device.

[0011]

In the boring apparatus according to the present invention, the hoist 2
Return weights 16 and 44 with suspension wire 20 connected to 3
, And weights 13, which balance with the own weight of the spindle 7 side,
By returning the weights 16 and 44 on and off the 42 and 43, the main shaft 7 is controlled to move up and down, and the tools 9 and
The hole 49 such as tapping or stepping drilling is performed by cutting or removing 49 from the workpiece W.

In the tapping device of the present invention, when manually operating the tapping device, the main shaft 7 is pushed down by hand and the tap 9
The main shaft drive motor 6 is started before the abutting on the work W, and the tap 9 is further pushed down. When the tap 9 bites the work W, the pushing down is stopped. During this time, when the balance weight 16 rises and the return weight 16 moves away from the limit switch 19, the hoisting means 23 operates to pull up the return weight 16 and when the return weight 16 contacts the limit switch 19, the operation of the hoisting machine 23 stops. . Therefore, the return weight 16 follows the balance weight 13 and rises so that the return weight 16 is always in a position floating above the balance weight 13, and maintains the balance between the balance weight 13 and the tap 9 side. For this reason, when the manual depression of the tap 9 is stopped, no external force is applied to the tap 9 in the axial direction. In this state, the tap 9 descends while threading the workpiece W with its own lead. When a screw having a predetermined depth is formed, when the spindle drive motor 6 is reversed, the tap 9 is pulled out of the screw hole by its own lead. Then, the lifting wire 23 is released from the hoisting machine 23, the return weight 16 is dropped on the balance weight 13, the balance with the tap 9 is broken, and the tap 9 is pulled up from the workpiece W. The position detecting means provided with the encoder 14 or the like can detect a predetermined thread cutting depth of the tap 9, and automatically control the subsequent operations such as releasing the hanging wire 20 and reversing the spindle drive motor 6.

When the tapping device of the present invention is automatically operated, when the device is started with the return weight 16 placed on the balance weight 13 and the tap 9 being in the upper position,
The control device 29 connects the clutch 25 to operate the hoist 23 and raises the return weight 16. The return weight 16 engages with the balance weight 13 while rising,
With this, the tap 9 rises and the tap 9 descends. At this point, the operation of the limit switch 19 is ignored and the hoist 2
3 continues the operation. The drive motor 6 of the main shaft 7 holding the tap 9 starts rotating while the tap 9 is moving down. When the position detecting means provided with the encoder 14 and the like detects the position where the tap 9 contacts the workpiece W, after a predetermined short time elapses, the control device 29 stops the hoisting machine 23 and returns the return weight 16 and the balance weight 13 Stop rising. From this point on, the limit switch is turned off, and the hoisting machine 23 is operated. When the limit switch is turned on, the hoisting machine 23 is stopped, and the return weight 16 is always in a state of floating from the balance weight 13.
Follow 3 After the tap 9 comes into contact with the workpiece W, the weight of the main shaft 7 is applied to the tap 9 in a short time when the balance weight 13 rises, and the tap 9 is pressed against the workpiece W. During this time, the tap 9 bites about one thread of the screw into the workpiece W, and then the main shaft 7 side has the balance weight 1
In balance with 3, the external force on the tap 9 disappears. In this state, the tap 9 continues to rotate and descends while threading the workpiece W with its own lead. When the position detection means detects that the tap 9 has reached the predetermined thread cutting depth, the control device 29 reverses the spindle drive motor 6 and the tap 9 is pulled out of the threaded hole of the workpiece W by its own lead. When the position detecting means detects that the tap 9 is pulled out from the screw hole, the control device 29 disengages the clutch 25 of the hoist 23 and returns to the balance weight 13 to return to the weight 1.
6 is dropped, the balance is broken, the tap 9 is raised, and the thread cutting is completed.

In the drill apparatus of the present invention, when the drive motor 6 of the main shaft 7 is started after the apparatus is started, the hoisting machine 23 winds the hanging wire 20 and returns the weight 44.
And the pressurizing weight 43 are lifted, the weight balance with the weight 42 is disturbed, and the drill 49 is lowered to remove the drill 49.
Then, the weight of the weight difference in the axial direction is applied to the workpiece W to bring the workpiece W into pressure contact with the workpiece W for drilling. The depth of the hole is determined by the controller 29
When the position detection means detects that the predetermined depth previously set in the above is reached by a depth obtained by dividing the preset number of steppings in the same manner, the clutch 25 of the winding machine 23 is disengaged to release the hanging wire 20, The return weight 44 and the pressurizing weight 43 are dropped on the weight 42 and lowered to pull up the drill 49 from the hole, perform operations such as refueling, removing chips, etc., drilling this hole, pulling up the drill 49, The above operation is repeated a predetermined number of times to form a hole having a predetermined depth.

[0015]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIGS. 1 to 3, two guide columns 2, 2 are erected on a base 1. An upper frame 3 is horizontally fixed to the upper ends of the guide columns 2. An elevating arm 4 is vertically slidably engaged with the guide columns 2 and 2. The upper limit position of the lifting arm 4 is regulated by a stopper 5 provided on the upper part of the guide column 2.

A main shaft 7 which is normally and reversely rotated by a motor 6 is vertically supported by the lifting arm 4. A tap holder 8 is fixed to a lower end of the main shaft 7. A tap 9 is attached to the tap holder 8. One end of a balance wire 10 for suspending the lifting arm 4 is locked to the lifting arm 4. The wire 10 is pulled up onto the upper frame 3 and the pulley 1
1 and 12 hang down to the opposite side of the main shaft 7, and the other end is locked to the balance weight 13. The lifting arm 4 and the balance weight 13 are balanced in weight. Pulley 1
1, a rotary encoder 14 for counting the number of rotations of the tap 9 is attached to detect the position of the tap 9.

The balance weight 13 has a guide pin 15 protruding vertically, and the wire 10 is locked to the upper end thereof. The guide pin 15 slidably penetrates the support plate 17 of the return weight 16. Guide pin 15
At the upper part of the contact plate 1 for stopping the relative rise of the support plate 17
8 is fixed, and a limit switch 19 is fixed to the lower surface thereof. The limit switch 19 is for monitoring the return weight 16 so as to constantly maintain a state of floating above the balance weight 13. The limit switch 19 turns on when the return weight 16 comes into contact, and turns off when the return weight 16 separates.

One end of the suspension wire 20 is locked to the return weight 16. The wire 20 is pulled up onto the upper frame 3, and the other end of the wire 20 is locked to a winding pulley 24 of a winding machine 23 fixed on the upper frame 3 via a pulley 21. The hoisting pulley 24 is connected to a shaft 26 via a clutch 25 (FIG. 3). The shaft 26 is rotated by a motor 27. Therefore, after the wire 20 is wound up by the winding pulley 24, the clutch 25 can be disengaged and the return weight 16 can be lowered by its own weight. The motor 27 is controlled so as to stop when the limit switch 19 is turned on and start when the limit switch 19 is turned off.

The return weight 16 is the balance weight 1
It is arranged so that it can be placed on or off the top of the 3. When the return weight 16 is placed on the balance weight 13, the weight balance with the lift arm 4 is lost, and the balance weight 13 is lowered, and the lift arm 4
Rises. Also, the return weight 16 is pulled up,
After the support plate 17 contacts the contact plate 18, the balance weight 13 and the like are lifted, and the lifting arm 4 side descends by its own weight.

On the base 1, a processing table 28 is provided. The processing table 28 can fix the workpiece W with a jig and freely position it on a horizontal plane.

The tapping device is controlled by a control device 29 as shown in FIG. The control unit 29 includes an input unit 30 for setting the depth of the screw hole and a workpiece W.
Timer 3 to set the bite time of tap 9 against
1 and 1 are connected.

In this tapping apparatus, the workpiece W is fixed on the processing table 28, the tip of the tap 9 is placed on the lower hole of the workpiece W, and the processing start point set push button 32 is pressed to control the processing start point. It is stored in the device 29. In addition, while numerically inputting the depth of the screw hole in the input unit 30, the time for the tap 9 to bite the workpiece W in the timer 31,
That is, the time required to cut approximately one thread of the screw is set.

Now, it is assumed that the return weight 16 is placed on the balance weight 13 and the elevating arm 4 is in the raised position. When the start push button 33 is pressed, the control device 29
Operates the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23 via the motor contactor 34, connects the clutch clutch 25 via the clutch contactor 35,
Pull up. The return weight 16 rises and the contact plate 18
, The balance weight 13 is pulled up, and the lifting arm 4 is lowered. At this time, the operation of the limit switch 19 is ignored. The position of the lifting arm 4 is detected by the encoder 14 and the control device 29. The encoder 1 indicates that the tap 9 has reached a predetermined position near the machining start point.
When the detection is made at 4, the control device 29 controls the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23 to decelerate the elevating arm 4 and feed it intermittently so that the tap 9 does not collide with the workpiece W. At the same time, the control device 29 rotates the motor 6 forward via the inverter 36.

When the encoder 14 detects that the tap 9 has reached the machining start point, that is, the contact position with the workpiece W, the timer 31 is actuated and, after the set time has elapsed, the control device 29 causes the motor of the hoisting machine 23 to operate. Stop 27. After this point, the control mode is a control mode in which the motor 27 operates when the limit switch 19 is turned off, and stops when the limit switch 19 is turned on. During this set time, the tap 9 comes into contact with the workpiece W and stops descending, and the balance weight 13 rises.
The tap 9 bites against the workpiece W while being pressed against the workpiece W by its own weight such as the lifting arm 4, the spindle 7, etc., and cuts approximately one screw thread. Tap 9 by this bite
Is slightly lowered, the tap 9 side and the balance weight 13 side are again balanced, and no external force is applied to the tap 9 in the axial direction. Thereafter, the tap 9 descends by its own lead while cutting the screw by the rotation, while the return weight 16
When the limit switch is turned on and off, the limit switch is repeatedly lifted and stopped, and the balance weight 13 is always kept floating. Therefore, no extra force is applied to the tap 9.

When the encoder 14 detects that the tap 9 is threaded by the set depth, the control device 29
The motor 6 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the tap 9 is pulled out of the screw hole by its own lead due to the reverse rotation. When the encoder 14 detects that the tap 9 has returned to the machining start point, the control device 2
In step 9, the clutch 25 of the hoisting machine 23 is disengaged, the return weight 16 is lowered on the balance weight 13, the balance is lost, and the lifting arm 4 is raised. When the encoder 14 detects that the tap 9 has reached the predetermined position, the control device 29 stops the motor 6. The elevating arm 4 moves up and comes into contact with the stopper 5 to stop.

When the tapping device is manually operated, the control device 29 is switched to the manual mode, the handle is operated by hand, the tap 9 is pushed down, and the spindle drive motor 6 is started before contacting the workpiece W. Let it. Tap 9
Press down, and when it bites into the workpiece W, stop pressing down. During this time, the balance weight 13 rises. The balance weight 13 rises, the return weight 16
When the control device 29 is turned off at a distance from the limit switch 19, the control device 29 starts the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23, raises the return weight 16, and the limit switch 19
When N, the motor 27 is controlled to stop. Therefore, the return weight 16 follows the balance weight 13 and rises so as to be floating from the balance weight 13, and maintains the balance between the balance weight 13 and the tap 9 side. For this reason, when the manual depression of the tap 9 is stopped, no external force is applied to the tap 9 in the axial direction. In this state, the tap 9 moves down while cutting the workpiece W by itself. When a screw having a predetermined depth is formed, the spindle drive motor 6 is reversed to pull out the tap 9 from the screw hole, the clutch 25 of the hoisting machine 23 is disengaged, the suspension wire is released, and the return weight 16 is balanced weight. 13 and the balance with the tap 9 side is lost, and the tap 9 is pulled up from the workpiece W. It is also possible to detect a predetermined thread cutting depth of the tap 9 with a position detecting means including an encoder 14 and the like, and automatically control the subsequent reverse rotation of the motor 6 and the lifting wire releasing operation.

In the illustrated embodiment, the processing table 2
8 is independent of the control device 29.
9 to fix and position the workpiece W in the control device 2
By controlling at step 9, a series of operations can be completely automated. In addition, a vibration cutting device (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-776) in which the main shaft is rotated and finely vibrated in the forward and reverse rotation directions at a high speed while vertically vibrating in accordance with the pitch of the screw
9), a more precise screw can be formed quickly. If the tap 9 is worn,
The tap 9 cannot cut into the workpiece by a predetermined depth within the time set by the timer 31. Therefore, the cut depth is detected by the encoder 14, and when the control device 29 detects that the cut depth is not cut within the set time, the wear alarm device of the tap 9 is operated to prompt the exchange of the tap 9. can do.

FIG. 4 shows a drilling device for performing stepping drilling. This drill device is equipped with a drill 49 in place of the tap 9 in the tapping device described above, is provided with a stepping input section 41 for setting the number of steppings in place of the timer 31, and uses the balance weight 13 as a main weight 42. It has the same structure as the tapping device except that it is divided into a pressure weight 43, a return weight 44 is provided on the pressure weight 43, and limit switches 45 and 46 for controlling the positions of the weights 43 and 44 are provided. Therefore, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 5 shows weights 42, 43,
44 are shown in detail.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, the main weight 42 is
The return weight 44 is hung on the hanging wire 20 and is hung on the wire 10. The main weight 42 has a vertically protruding guide pin 47, and the wire 10 is locked at the upper end thereof. The guide pin 47 slidably penetrates the pressure weight 43 located above the main weight 42 and the return weight 44 located above it. An abutting plate 18 that stops the relative lifting of the return weight 44 is fixed to the upper portion of the guide pin 47, and a limit switch 46 is fixed to the lower surface thereof. The limit switch 46 is for monitoring the return weight 44 and the pressurizing weight 43 so as to maintain the state of floating above the main weight 42. The limit switch 46 is turned on when the return weight 44 comes into contact, and turned off when the return weight 44 comes off.
FF. The weight of the elevating arm 4 side (main shaft 7 side) and the total weight of the main weight 42 and the pressurizing weight 43 are in balance.

The return weight 44 can be raised by winding the wire 20 with the winding pulley 24, and can be lowered by disengaging the clutch 25 by its own weight. The motor 27 is controlled so as to stop when the limit switch 46 is turned on and start when the limit switch 46 is turned off.

The pressure weight 43 is provided with a vertically protruding suspension pin 48, and is connected to the return weight 44 via the suspension pin 48 so as to be movable up and down within a predetermined range. That is, the suspension pin 48 slidably penetrates the return weight 44 and is prevented from falling down by the flange 50 at the upper end. Therefore, when the return weight 44 rises and is separated from the pressure weight 43 by a predetermined distance, the return weight 44 engages with the flange 50 of the pin 48 and can rise together with the return weight 44.

The return weight 44 is arranged so as to be placed on the pressure weight 43 or be separated upward from the pressure weight 43. When the return weight 44 is placed on the main weight 42 together with the pressurizing weight 43, the weight balance with the lifting arm 4 side (main shaft 7 side) is lost, and the weight 4
2, 43, 44 are lowered, and the lifting arm 4 (main shaft 7) is raised. After the return weight 44 is lifted and comes into contact with the contact plate 18, the main weight 42 is also lifted, and the lifting arm 4 side is lowered by its own weight.

In this drill device, the tip of the drill 49 is brought into contact with the workpiece W on the machining table 28 and the machining start point set push button 32 is pressed to set the machining start point to the control device 29.
To memorize. In addition, while inputting the depth of the hole to be cut into the input unit 30 as a numerical value, the desired stepping frequency is input and set into the stepping input unit 41.

Now, as shown in FIG. 6A, it is assumed that the return weight 44 and the pressing weight 43 are placed on the main weight 42, and the lifting arm 4 is at the raised position. When the start push button 33 is pressed, the control device 29 activates the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23 via the motor contactor 34, connects the clutch clutch 25 via the clutch contactor 35, and pulls up the return weight 44.
The return weight 44 rises and lifts the pressure weight 43 via the suspension pin 48, and comes into contact with the contact plate 18. By lifting the pressure weight 43, the weight balance is lost and the elevating arm 4 descends by its own weight. At this time, the operation of the limit switch 46 is ignored. The position of the lifting arm 4 is detected by the encoder 14 and the control device 29. When the encoder 14 detects that the drill 49 has reached a predetermined position near the machining start point, the control device 29 causes the hoist 23
The motor 27 is controlled to decelerate the elevating arm 4 and intermittently feed it so that the drill 49 does not collide with the workpiece W. At the same time, the control device 29 rotates the motor 6 via the inverter 36.

The drill 49 is at the processing start point, that is, the workpiece W
When the encoder 14 detects that the contact position has been reached, the control device 29 stops the motor 27 of the hoisting machine 23. After this point, the control mode is a control mode in which the hoist motor 27 operates when the limit switch 46 is OFF, and stops when the limit switch 46 is ON. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
3 moves away from the main weight 42 together with the return weight 44, so that the drill 49 is pressed against the workpiece W due to the weight difference between the main weight 42 and the weight of the lifting arm 4, the main shaft 7, etc. To cut holes. The depth of the hole is
When the encoder 14 detects that the depth has been reached by dividing the set depth by the number of steppings, the control device 29 disengages the clutch 25, releases the wire 20, and returns the return weight as shown in FIG. 6 (A). 44 and the pressurizing weight 43 are dropped onto the main weight 42, the drill 49 is raised together with the arm 4 and pulled out from the hole, and oil is supplied and cutting chips are removed.
When the encoder 14 detects that the drill 49 has returned to the stepping start position, the control device 29
And the wire 20 is wound up again, and the same drilling and drilling operations as above are repeated by the set number of stepping times to form a hole having a set depth. When the last stepping operation is completed, the return weight 44
And the pressure weight 43 is lowered onto the main weight 42, and the drill 49 is raised. When the encoder 14 detects that the drill 49 has reached the predetermined position, the control device 29 stops the motor 6. The elevating arm 4 moves up and comes into contact with the stopper 5 to stop.

The operation of the limit switch 45 is ignored during automatic operation. When performing only automatic driving,
The return weight 44 and the pressure weight 43 are integrally formed, and the lifting operation of the drill 49 can be controlled only by raising and lowering the weight.

When the control device 29 is switched to the semi-automatic mode when the drill device is operated semi-automatically, the operation of the limit switch 46 is initially ignored, and the limit switch 45 is ON to operate the hoisting motor 27, and OFF to stop the operation. It becomes a mode. Therefore, when the drill 49 is manually pushed down, the pressurizing weight 43 and the main weight 42 are integrally pulled up by the wire 10, but the return way 44 is also wound up by the motor 27 and rises, and the balance state shown in FIG. Keep. When the drill 49 abuts on and aligns with the workpiece W, when the spindle drive motor 6 is started, the hoisting motor 27 is started and the pressurizing weight 43 is pulled up together with the return weight 44, and the weight balance is lost and the drill 49 Is applied to the workpiece W, and the workpiece W is punched. After the start of the motor 6, the state of raising the return weight is monitored by the limit switch 46. That is, when the limit switch 46 is ON, the winding motor 27 is stopped, and when it is OFF, the winding motor 27 is started, and the pressurizing state of the drill 49 is maintained. The subsequent stepping operation is the same as the automatic operation.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hole drilling method capable of easily performing threading and stepping drilling using a device having a simple structure such as a drilling machine. In addition, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a relatively simple and relatively inexpensive hole drilling device capable of automatically performing such threading and stepping drilling.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a tapping device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a tapping device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of control of a tapping device.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of control of the drill device.

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the weight of the drill device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the weight of the drill device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Guide pillar 4 Lifting arm 6 Motor 7 Main shaft 9 Tap 10 Balance wire 11 Pulley 12 Pulley 13 Balance weight 14 Encoder (position detecting means) 16 Return weight 23 Hoisting machine (Hoisting means) 20 Suspension wire 27 Motor 25 Clutch 19 Limit Switch 29 Control device W Workpiece

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A motor-driven main shaft equipped with a tool is vertically movably supported along a guide column, the main shaft is hung on one end side of a balance wire, the middle of the balance wire is hooked on a pulley, and the other end side is hung. The balance weight is hung, the balance weight is balanced with the weight of the spindle, and the return weight is hung above the balance weight by a hanging wire connected to the hoisting means so that the return weight can be placed on or removed from the weight. By doing so, the balance between the balance weight and the spindle-side self-weight is adjusted, the spindle is controlled to move up and down, and the tool is cut into or removed from the workpiece. 2. A motor-driven main shaft having a tap mounted thereon is vertically supported along a guide column so as to be vertically movable, the main shaft is suspended at one end of a balance wire, an intermediate portion of the balance wire is hung on a pulley, and the other end is mounted on a pulley. A balance weight is suspended, and the balance weight is balanced with the own weight of the main spindle. The return weight is suspended above the balance weight by a suspending wire connected to a hoisting means so that the return weight can be lifted up and down so that the balance weight can be placed on and off the balance weight. During the initial short time when the tap cuts into the workpiece, an external force is applied to the spindle in the axial direction only for a short time.While the tap performs the threading operation on the workpiece and returns to the screw hole, the return weight is released on the balance weight, and After the external force in the axial direction is cut off and the screw cutting operation is completed, the tap is reversed and the screw is removed from the screw hole. Hang it on the balance weight,
A tapping method characterized by raising the tap while breaking the balance with the spindle side. 3. A motor-driven main shaft having a tap mounted thereon is vertically supported by a lifting arm, and the lifting arm is vertically movably supported along a guide post, and one end of a balance wire is locked to the lifting arm. Then, hang the middle part of the balance wire on the pulley on the guide post, suspend the balance weight at the other end, and balance this with the own weight of the lifting arm side,
A return weight is arranged above the balance weight, and the return weight is suspended by a suspending wire connected to a hoisting means so that the return weight can be lifted and lowered so that the return weight can be placed on and separated from the balance weight. The return weight was placed above the balance weight at intervals so that no external force was applied to the tap while returning to the screw hole after the operation was completed.After the completion of the threading operation, the tap was reversed and pulled out from the screw hole. A tapping device characterized in that a return weight is placed on a balance weight to break the balance, and a winding means is controlled so as to raise a tap. 4. A motor-driven main shaft having a tap mounted thereon is vertically supported along a guide column so as to be vertically movable, and the main shaft is suspended at one end of a balance wire, an intermediate portion of the balance wire is hung on a pulley, and the other end is mounted on a pulley. A balance weight is suspended, the balance weight is balanced with the own weight of the main spindle side, and the return weight is suspended above and below the balance weight by a suspension wire connected to a winding means so as to be able to move up and down freely, and the return weight is placed on and separated from the balance weight. In addition, the balance weight is engaged with the balance weight during the ascending process so that it can be lifted up as a unit. After the return weight is lifted on the balance weight, the external force on the tap in the axial direction is cut off. In the state, perform the thread cutting operation, after the thread cutting operation is completed, reverse the tap to pull out from the screw hole, then hang the return weight on the balance weight,
A tapping method characterized by raising the tap while breaking the balance with the spindle side. 5. A motor-driven main shaft equipped with a tap is vertically supported by an elevating arm, the elevating arm is vertically elevatably supported along a guide column, and one end of a balance wire is locked to the elevating arm. Then, hang the middle part of the balance wire on the pulley on the guide pole, hang the balance weight on the other end, and balance it with the weight of the lifting arm side.
A return weight is arranged above the balance weight, and the return weight is suspended by a suspending wire connected to the hoisting means so as to be able to be lifted and lowered, and can be placed on or separated from the balance weight, and can be engaged with the balance weight during the ascent process to be pulled up integrally. In this manner, the winding means is configured to wind or release the hanging wire by engaging and disengaging the clutch by driving a motor, and further comprises a position detecting means for detecting the vertical position of the tap, as well as a return weight and a balance weight. A limit switch is provided to detect the relative position of the device, and after starting the device, the drive motor of the main shaft is started at an appropriate time, and the hoisting means performs the hoisting operation of the hanging wire, and the balance weight is lifted together with the return weight, and the tap is lifted. And lower the tap so that the tip of the tap contacts the workpiece. When the position detection means detects that the position has been reached, by continuing the hoisting operation of the hoisting means for a predetermined short biting time, the tap is applied with its own weight in the axial direction to be pressed against the workpiece. After stopping the winding operation of the winding means in the closed state, the tap is made to bite the work piece, the balance arm side is balanced with the balance weight, and the external force in the axial direction to the tap is cut off during the thread cutting operation. , When the position detecting means detects that the tap has reached the predetermined thread cutting depth, the drive motor for the spindle is rotated in the reverse direction to raise the tap,
When the position detecting means detects that the tap has returned to the predetermined position, the clutch of the winding means is disengaged to release the suspending wire, and the return weight is dropped onto the balance weight and lowered to raise the tap. A tapping device, which is provided with a control device for controlling. 6. The tapping device according to claim 4, wherein the position detecting means includes a rotary encoder connected to a shaft of a pulley on which the suspension wire is hung. 7. The balance weight has a guide pin vertically penetrating through a support plate of the return weight so as to be slidable. The balance wire is locked to an upper end of the guide pin, and a guide wire is provided. The limit switch is fixed to the upper part of the pin, and it turns ON when the return weight contacts.
The tapping device according to claim 4, wherein the tapping device is turned off when the tapping device is separated, and is interlocked with the hoisting device so that the return weight is always floating above the balance weight. 8. A motor-driven main shaft equipped with a drill is vertically supported by an elevating arm, the elevating arm is vertically elevatably supported along a guide column, and one end of a balance wire is locked to the elevating arm. Then, hang the middle part of the balance wire on the pulley on the guide pole, and at the other end, hang the main weight and pressure weight that balance the weight of the lifting arm side with the total weight, and place the return weight above the pressure weight. Then, this can be lifted up and down freely with a hanging wire connected to the winding means so that it can be placed on the pressure weight or can be lifted on the main weight together with the pressure weight.The winding means is driven by a motor and the clutch is engaged. The hanging wire is wound up or released by cutting and the position detecting means for detecting the vertical position of the drill is provided, and the return wire is Equipped with a limit switch that detects the relative positions of the weight, the main weight, and the pressurizing weight, start the drive motor of the spindle at an appropriate time after starting the device, and cause the hoisting device to hoist the hoisting wire and return. The weight is lifted together with the pressure weight, the drill is lowered, and the weight of the pressure weight in the axial direction is applied to the drill to bring the weight into contact with the workpiece W. When the position detecting means detects that the preset predetermined depth is also divided by the preset number of steppings, the position detecting means disengages the clutch of the hoisting means to release the suspension wire, and the return weight is used as the main weight. Then, drop the drill on the pressure weight and lower it to lift the drill, repeat this drilling and drill lifting operation for the specified number of steppings. So returned,
A drill device comprising a control device for controlling each part so as to form a hole having a predetermined depth.