JPH0884921A - Raw material for o/w-type emulsion - Google Patents

Raw material for o/w-type emulsion

Info

Publication number
JPH0884921A
JPH0884921A JP22199994A JP22199994A JPH0884921A JP H0884921 A JPH0884921 A JP H0884921A JP 22199994 A JP22199994 A JP 22199994A JP 22199994 A JP22199994 A JP 22199994A JP H0884921 A JPH0884921 A JP H0884921A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
raw material
type emulsion
inorganic compound
organic substance
polar organic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP22199994A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kaoru Maeyama
薫 前山
Kiyosuke Ueda
清資 上田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mikimoto Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mikimoto Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mikimoto Pharmaceutical Co Ltd filed Critical Mikimoto Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Priority to JP22199994A priority Critical patent/JPH0884921A/en
Publication of JPH0884921A publication Critical patent/JPH0884921A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To acquire good evaluation in terms of the function of cosmetics and to obtain a stable O/W-type emulsion by dispersing forcibly a plate-shaped inorganic compound and a polar organic substance. CONSTITUTION: A raw material for cosmetics to prepare an O/W-type emulsion with good function, stability, and safety is prepared by blending and dispersing forcibly a plate-shaped inorganic compound and a polar organic substance. A plate-shaped inorganic compound which has a layer structure and a swelling property is most suitable, and for example, smectite, mica, hectorite, montmorillonite, saponite, etc., are used. A water soluble polymer is used as the polar organic substance, and for example, polyethylene oxide such as polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid ester, chondroitin sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrolidone, etc., are used.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は官能性や安定性が非常に
よく、また安全性が高いO/W型エマルジョンを作成す
るための原料に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a raw material for producing an O / W type emulsion having excellent functionality and stability and high safety.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】化粧品においては医薬品と異なり、官能
面や安定性が重要な因子である。通常O/W型エマルジ
ョンすなわち水中油型エマルジョンを作成する場合に
は、界面活性剤を用いて乳化するが、界面活性剤は皮膚
の安全性に問題があり、極力配合量を減少させることに
努力が払われている。このための検討が種々なされてい
るが、安定性がよく、且つ官能面で十分なO/W型エマ
ルジョンが得られていなかった。
2. Description of the Related Art In cosmetics, unlike pharmaceuticals, sensory aspects and stability are important factors. Usually, when preparing an O / W emulsion, that is, an oil-in-water emulsion, a surfactant is used to emulsify. However, surfactants have problems with skin safety, and efforts are made to reduce the blending amount as much as possible. Has been paid. Various studies have been made for this purpose, but an O / W type emulsion having good stability and a sufficient sensory aspect has not been obtained.

【0003】このためのひとつの方策としてコロイド性
含水ケイ酸塩を利用し、水相の降伏値を上げ、エマルジ
ョンの安定化を計ることも試みられている。コロイド性
含水ケイ酸塩は、粒径が細かく、細かな隙間に水溶成分
が容易に浸透し、膨潤し、かつ水溶性高分子を表面に吸
着する力が強く、付着力も強力になるものである。2%
の水分散液のpHは8〜10.5であり、見掛け比重は
0.7〜1.0である。このコロイド性含水ケイ酸塩は
従来、増粘剤或いは乳化助剤として用いられているが、
しかし、従来の技術によるコロイド性含水ケイ酸塩のみ
では化粧品としての官能面及び安定性の面においても満
足が得られなかった。
As one measure for this purpose, it has been attempted to utilize colloidal hydrous silicate to increase the yield value of the aqueous phase and stabilize the emulsion. The colloidal hydrous silicate has a small particle size, water-soluble components easily penetrate and swell in the small gaps, and it has a strong ability to adsorb the water-soluble polymer on the surface, and the adhesion is also strong. is there. 2%
The pH of the aqueous dispersion is 8 to 10.5, and the apparent specific gravity is 0.7 to 1.0. This colloidal hydrous silicate has been conventionally used as a thickener or an emulsification aid,
However, the conventional colloidal hydrous silicate alone has not been satisfactory in terms of cosmetics in terms of functionality and stability.

【0004】この解決方法のひとつとして、特開平3−
83909号公報が提案されている。これは合成ベント
ナイトとシリコン油とからなるO/W型エマルジョンで
あるが、シリコン油の添加によって合成ベントナイトの
配合量を減少して、同物質が有するきしみ感を減少し、
その増粘作用とベントナイトの粒子の細かさによって乳
化の安定性を保つものである。
As one of the solutions to this problem, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
Japanese Patent No. 83909 has been proposed. This is an O / W type emulsion composed of synthetic bentonite and silicone oil, but the addition amount of silicone oil reduces the amount of synthetic bentonite compounded and reduces the squeaky feeling of the substance.
The thickening action and the fineness of the bentonite particles maintain the stability of emulsification.

【0005】化粧品の乳化方法は従来回転式のホモジナ
イザーが汎用されてきた。最近、高圧型のホモジナイザ
ーが出現して、乳化力も増してきたが、その中でも、米
国特許4533254号に記載されているマイクロフル
イダイザーが優れている。これは高圧にした2種の液体
を偏平ノズルを通じて高速に噴出させ、高速下に衝突さ
せて、微粒子状に分散させるものである。しかし、これ
を用いても、原料が従来の処方では、分離や安定性に問
題があった。
As a method of emulsifying cosmetics, a rotary homogenizer has been generally used. Recently, a high-pressure type homogenizer has appeared and the emulsifying power has also increased. Among them, the microfluidizer described in US Pat. No. 4,533,254 is excellent. In this method, two types of liquids, which are under high pressure, are ejected at high speed through a flat nozzle and collide at high speed to disperse them into fine particles. However, even if this is used, there is a problem in separation and stability when the raw material is a conventional formulation.

【0006】また、特開平4−192685号公報には
コロイド性含水ケイ酸塩とポリエチレングリコールとを
組み合わせてマイクロフルイダイザーで乳化することに
よって、強固なO/W型エマルジョンを形成し、安全で
あるとともに、官能面でも優れたO/W型エマルジョン
を得ている。
Further, in JP-A-4-192685, a colloidal hydrous silicate and polyethylene glycol are combined and emulsified by a microfluidizer to form a strong O / W type emulsion, which is safe. At the same time, an O / W type emulsion excellent in sensory aspect is obtained.

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、化粧
品としての官能面で充分な評価が得られ、且つ安定性の
よいO/W型エマルジョンを得、且つ皮膚への安全性を
高めるため、界面活性剤を使用することのないO/W型
エマルジョンを製造するに当って、簡単な設備で、且つ
多くの種類のエマルジョンを得るエマルジョン原料を提
供することである。
The object of the present invention is to obtain an O / W type emulsion which is sufficiently evaluated in terms of the sensory aspects of cosmetics and has good stability, and to enhance the safety to the skin. The object of the present invention is to provide an emulsion raw material that can obtain many kinds of emulsions with simple equipment in producing an O / W type emulsion without using a surfactant.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】そのために鋭意研究した
結果、板状無機化合物と極性有機物質とを強力な方法で
分散させたものを原料とすれば、クリームを作成すると
きに、強力な乳化を必要とせず作成することが可能であ
り、且つこの結果の利点として、 1)原料として供給されれば、従来の界面活性剤を使用
することなく、且つ官能面で充分な評価が得られ、安定
性のよいO/W型エマルジョンを簡単な装置で作成でき
る。
[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of earnest research for that purpose, when a plate-like inorganic compound and a polar organic substance are dispersed by a strong method as a raw material, a strong emulsification is obtained when a cream is prepared. Can be produced without the need for, and as an advantage of this result, 1) if it is supplied as a raw material, sufficient evaluation can be obtained in terms of sensory aspects without using a conventional surfactant, A stable O / W emulsion can be prepared with a simple device.

【0009】2)このことはさらに極少量の乳化すなわ
ち、個人の好みにあわせて界面活性剤を使用することな
く、且つ官能面で充分な評価が得られ、安定性のよいO
/W型エマルジョンの安全性の高い処方を容易に作成す
ることができる。 3)さらに、乾燥をすることによって、水に対して不安
定な物質などをこの分散物に配合しておき、必要な時点
で乳化することによって安定性が保たれる。などの利点
があげられる。界面活性剤は基本的には使用しないが、
極微量、安全性に問題のない範囲で官能面の調整や薬剤
の溶解性の改良のため用いることは問題ない。
2) This means that a very small amount of emulsification, that is, without using a surfactant according to personal preference, and a sufficient evaluation in terms of sensory aspects can be obtained, and O having good stability is obtained.
A highly safe formulation of the / W emulsion can be easily prepared. 3) Further, by drying, a substance unstable to water and the like are mixed in this dispersion, and the stability is maintained by emulsifying at a necessary time. There are advantages such as. Basically, we do not use surfactants,
There is no problem in using it for the adjustment of the sensory surface and the improvement of the solubility of the drug within a range where there is no problem in terms of extremely small amount and safety.

【0010】このO/W型エマルジョン原料を作成する
ためには、板状無機化合物と極性有機物質を配合し、強
力分散すれば作成可能である。板状無機化合物は、層状
を呈し、且つ膨潤性のあるものが、本発明を具体化する
には最適であることがわかった。例えば、スメクタイ
ト、マイカ、ヘクトライト、モンモリロナイト、サポナ
イト等があげられる。
In order to prepare this O / W type emulsion raw material, it can be prepared by mixing a plate-like inorganic compound and a polar organic substance and strongly dispersing them. It was found that the plate-like inorganic compound having a layered shape and having swelling property is the most suitable for embodying the present invention. Examples thereof include smectite, mica, hectorite, montmorillonite, saponite and the like.

【0011】極性有機物質は水溶性高分子が利用される
が、これを例示すれば、ポリエチレンオキサイドたとえ
ばポリエチレングリコール、ヒアルロン酸塩、コンドロ
イチン硫酸塩、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロ
リドンなどがあげられる。これらは、板状無機化合物の
種類や品質等を考慮して選択する。
A water-soluble polymer is used as the polar organic substance, and examples thereof include polyethylene oxide such as polyethylene glycol, hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone. These are selected in consideration of the type and quality of the plate-like inorganic compound.

【0012】極性有機物質は板状無機化合物の表面への
飽和吸着量以上配合する必要があり、好ましくは飽和吸
着量以上配合することが望まれる。上限は官能との関係
があるが特に制限はない。これに分散に必要な量の水を
加えて分散する。これに、防腐剤や必要な薬剤を添加し
ておくことも可能であるし、これらを凍結乾燥、スプレ
ードライ等の乾燥工程を入れると輸送面や水に対して不
安定な物質を配合するときなどで利点がある。
It is necessary to mix the polar organic substance in an amount equal to or higher than the saturated adsorption amount on the surface of the plate-like inorganic compound, and it is preferable to add the polar organic substance in an amount equal to or higher than the saturated adsorption amount. The upper limit is related to sensory, but there is no particular limitation. Water necessary for dispersion is added to this and dispersed. It is also possible to add preservatives and other necessary chemicals to this, and adding a drying process such as freeze-drying or spray-drying to these will make it difficult to mix substances that are unstable with respect to transportation and water. There are advantages.

【0013】これを原料として、必要なとき、他の原料
を配合し、簡単な撹拌を加えるだけで安定なO/W型エ
マルジョンを得ることができる。この結果、容易に界面
活性剤を含まない或いは安全性に影響ない極微量の配合
で、化粧品として必要な官能をもつエマルジョンができ
る。
A stable O / W type emulsion can be obtained by using this as a raw material, mixing other raw materials when necessary, and adding simple stirring. As a result, it is possible to easily prepare an emulsion having a sensory function required for cosmetics by adding a very small amount of a composition that does not contain a surfactant or affect safety.

【0014】強力な分散方法は特に限定されないが、従
来のディスパーミキサーでも可能であるが発明者らが実
験したところ、その目的を充分に果たすには米国特許4
533254号に記載されているマイクロフルイダイザ
ーが優れていることがわかった。マイクロフルイダイザ
ーを用いるときはこの機能を発揮する処理圧700kg/
cm2以上で処理することは当然である。
The powerful dispersing method is not particularly limited, but a conventional disper mixer can be used, but the inventors conducted experiments and found that in order to sufficiently fulfill the purpose, US Pat.
It was found that the microfluidizer described in 533254 is excellent. When using a Microfluidizer, the processing pressure that exerts this function is 700 kg /
It is natural to process at cm 2 or more.

【0015】[0015]

【実施例】以下に実施例によって、本発明を更に具体的
に説明するが、本発明はこの実施例によって何等限定さ
れるものではない。(実施例1) コンドロイチン硫酸Na 1.0 ヒアルロン酸Na 1.0 ポリエチレングリコール4000 5.0 含水ケイ酸塩(スメクトンSA) 5.0 精製水 88.0 マイクロフルイダイザーM−110Yで処理圧1300
kg/cm2で処理した後、スプレードライをして、乾燥物
を得た。
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Example 1 Chondroitin sulfate Na 1.0 Hyaluronic acid Na 1.0 Polyethylene glycol 4000 5.0 Hydrous silicate (Smecton SA) 5.0 Purified water 88.0 Treatment pressure with Microfluidizer M-110Y 1300
After treatment with kg / cm 2 , spray drying was performed to obtain a dried product.

【0016】(実施例2) コンドロイチン硫酸Na 1.0 ヒアルロン酸Na 1.0 ポリビニルピロリドン 2.0 合成マイカ(DMA-350) 5.0 メッキンスM 0.1 精製水 90.9 マイクロフルイダイザーM−110Yで処理圧1300
kg/cm2で処理した。
(Example 2) Chondroitin sulfate Na 1.0 Hyaluronic acid Na 1.0 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 2.0 Synthetic mica (DMA-350) 5.0 Plating M 0.1 Purified water 90.9 Microfluidizer M- Processing pressure 1300 at 110Y
Treated with kg / cm 2 .

【0017】(実施例3) コンドロイチン硫酸Na 2.5 ヒアルロン酸Na 2.5 ポリエチレングリコール1000 3.0 ポリエチレングリコール6000 3.0 モンモリロナイト(クニピアG) 5.0 メッキンスM 0.1 精製水 83.9 マイクロフルイダイザーM−110Yで処理圧1300
kg/cm2で処理した。
(Example 3) Chondroitin sulfate Na 2.5 Hyaluronic acid Na 2.5 Polyethylene glycol 1000 3.0 Polyethylene glycol 6000 3.0 Montmorillonite (Kunipia G) 5.0 Plating M 0.1 Purified water 83.9 Processing pressure 1300 with Microfluidizer M-110Y
Treated with kg / cm 2 .

【0018】(処方例1) 植物油 10.0 エステル油 6.0 高級アルコール 3.5 脂肪酸 0.7 多価アルコール 13.5 実施例1の乾燥品 4.0 防腐剤 0.2 精製水 62.1(Formulation Example 1) Vegetable oil 10.0 Ester oil 6.0 Higher alcohol 3.5 Fatty acid 0.7 Polyhydric alcohol 13.5 Dry product of Example 1 4.0 Preservative 0.2 Purified water 62. 1

【0019】(処方例2) 植物油 5.0 エステル油 3.0 高級アルコール 3.0 脂肪酸 0.3 多価アルコール 11.0 実施例2の乾燥品 5.0 防腐剤 0.2 精製水 72.5(Formulation Example 2) Vegetable oil 5.0 Ester oil 3.0 Higher alcohol 3.0 Fatty acid 0.3 Polyhydric alcohol 11.0 Dry product of Example 2 5.0 Preservative 0.2 Purified water 72. 5

【0020】[0020]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0021】[0021]

【発明の効果】本発明のO/W型エマルジョン用原料
は、必要な時、他の原料を配合して簡単な撹拌を加える
だけで安定なO/W型エマルジョンが得られ、又水に対
して不安定な物質を配合するときなど、凍結乾燥などに
より粉体としておき必要により水を加えて撹拌するだけ
で、O/W型エマルジョンが得られる。化粧品に配合し
て、官能性よく、しかも安定性に優れる。界面活性剤を
使用しなくてもよいので、皮膚に対する安全性にも優れ
る。
EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The raw material for O / W type emulsion of the present invention can obtain a stable O / W type emulsion by adding other raw materials and adding a simple stirring when necessary, and to water. When blending an unstable substance, an O / W emulsion can be obtained simply by adding powder and adding water if necessary after lyophilizing it into powder. Blended in cosmetics, it has good sensuality and excellent stability. Since it does not need to use a surfactant, it is also excellent in safety for the skin.

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 板状無機化合物と極性有機物質とを強力
に分散させてなるO/W型エマルジョン用原料。
1. A raw material for an O / W type emulsion, which is obtained by strongly dispersing a plate-like inorganic compound and a polar organic substance.
【請求項2】 強力に分散させる方法が、マイクロフル
イダイザーで分散させたものである請求項1記載のO/
W型エマルジョン用原料。
2. The O / according to claim 1, wherein the method of strongly dispersing is a method of dispersing with a microfluidizer.
Raw material for W type emulsion.
【請求項3】 極性有機物質が水溶性高分子である請求
項1又は請求項2に記載されたO/W型エマルジョン用
原料。
3. The raw material for an O / W type emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the polar organic substance is a water-soluble polymer.
【請求項4】 板状無機化合物が層状で且つ膨潤性であ
る請求項1、請求項2、請求項3の何れかに記載のO/
W型エマルジョン用原料。
4. The O / according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein the plate-like inorganic compound is layered and swellable.
Raw material for W type emulsion.
【請求項5】 極性有機物質がポリエチレンオキサイ
ド、ヒアルロン酸塩、コンドロイチン硫酸塩、ポリビニ
ルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドンよりなる群より選
ばれた少なくとも1種である請求項1、請求項2、請求
項3、又は請求項4の何れかに記載のO/W型エマルジ
ョン用原料。
5. The polar organic substance is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, or The raw material for an O / W type emulsion according to claim 4.
【請求項6】 板状無機化合物がスメクタイト、マイ
カ、ヘクトライト、モンモリロナイト、サポナイトより
なる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種である請求項1、請
求項2、請求項3、請求項4又は請求項5の何れかに記
載のO/W型エマルジョン用原料。
6. The plate-like inorganic compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of smectite, mica, hectorite, montmorillonite, saponite, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4 or claim 5. The raw material for an O / W emulsion according to any one of 5 above.
JP22199994A 1994-09-16 1994-09-16 Raw material for o/w-type emulsion Pending JPH0884921A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22199994A JPH0884921A (en) 1994-09-16 1994-09-16 Raw material for o/w-type emulsion

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22199994A JPH0884921A (en) 1994-09-16 1994-09-16 Raw material for o/w-type emulsion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0884921A true JPH0884921A (en) 1996-04-02

Family

ID=16775513

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP22199994A Pending JPH0884921A (en) 1994-09-16 1994-09-16 Raw material for o/w-type emulsion

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0884921A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998018431A2 (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-05-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Cosmetic compositions comprising an insoluble polymer, a film-forming polymer and an organophilic clay
WO1999020386A1 (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Frontier Emulsifying composition and emulsions
CN103215015A (en) * 2013-04-23 2013-07-24 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 Magnesium lithium silicate-based nanofluid and preparation method for same

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998018431A2 (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-05-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Cosmetic compositions comprising an insoluble polymer, a film-forming polymer and an organophilic clay
WO1998018431A3 (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-07-23 Procter & Gamble Cosmetic compositions comprising an insoluble polymer, a film-forming polymer and an organophilic clay
WO1999020386A1 (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Frontier Emulsifying composition and emulsions
CN103215015A (en) * 2013-04-23 2013-07-24 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 Magnesium lithium silicate-based nanofluid and preparation method for same

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69533581T2 (en) SPRAYABLE PREPARATIONS CONTAINING DISPERSED PULVERS AND ITS APPLICATION METHOD
JP4662637B2 (en) Emulsification system and emulsion
DE68926818T2 (en) SELF-FOAMING OIL COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF
KR100860802B1 (en) Process for producing dry water
DE68913693T2 (en) Aerosol composition.
KR100312053B1 (en) Cosmetic and/or dermatological powder, process for its preparation and its uses
JP2670812B2 (en) Liquid cosmetics
RU2362545C2 (en) Two-fluid foams, stable dispersion on their basis and way of its reception
JPWO2004061043A1 (en) Spray composition
SK55897A3 (en) Cosmetic kaolin-containing preparation
KR101961852B1 (en) Pack cosmetic composition for peel-off type
JP5784619B2 (en) Method for wetting powders containing benzoyl peroxide
US5998392A (en) Benzoyl peroxide flocculent materials and methods of their preparation
KR101196836B1 (en) Cosmetic Composition For External Administration In Spray Form
JPH0884921A (en) Raw material for o/w-type emulsion
JPH0859449A (en) Humectant and cosmetic containing the same
JPS63126542A (en) Microemulsion
KR20030045051A (en) Powdery composition
WO2009107683A1 (en) Method for preparation of aqueous emulsion using interfacially active organic compound as emulsifying agent
KR101887048B1 (en) Pack cosmetic composition for peel-off type
KR101543019B1 (en) Cosmetic composition for removal of sebum containing metal hydroxide
JP3273809B2 (en) Oil-in-water cream base
JP3401039B2 (en) Cosmetics
JPH09143205A (en) Treatment of chitin and/or chitosan particle
JP2001354820A (en) Composite emulsion and cosmetic formulated with the emulsion

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Effective date: 20040608

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20040804

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821

Effective date: 20040804

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Effective date: 20040921

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

A02 Decision of refusal

Effective date: 20050201

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02