JPH0881878A - Method for bleaching fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a method for bleaching fibers capable of bleaching the various kind of fibers to a hitherto not attainable whiteness by blending a specific water-soluble ionic salt in a bleaching bath containing besides hydrogen peroxide a substance releasing hydrogen peroxide or an organic peracid or its salt. CONSTITUTION: This method for bleaching fibers comprises blending a water soluble ionic salt of the formula R<1> X (R<1> is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal; X is sulfate ion, nitrate ion, acetate ion, etc.) (providing that pH is adjusted as suitable to each bleaching agent) into a bleaching bath containing a bleaching agent selected from among hydrogen peroxide, an organic or an inorganic hydrogen peroxide adduct (e.g.; sodium carbonate hydrogen peroxide adduct), a chlorite, a hypochlorite and an organic peracid of the formula [R is an alkyl, an allyl, an aralkyl; (n) is 1-6] or their salts or complexes (especially preferably, magnesium monoperphthalate and diperdodecanedioic acid), and conducting bleach treatment of animal and vegetable natural fibers, synthetic fibers and their mixed yarns for easily bleaching these fibers to a hitherto not attainable high whiteness.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a bleaching method. More specifically, it relates to a fiber bleaching method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Fiber bleaching agents are roughly classified into oxygen-based bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide and organic peracid, and chlorine-based bleaching agents such as sodium chlorite and sodium hypochlorite. In the conventional method, the original bleaching power of the bleaching agent is not fully exerted, and therefore a large excess of bleaching agent must be used for the fiber.

[0003]

Maximizing the bleaching power of various bleaching agents is effective not only for the economic effect but also for lowering the COD in the bleaching waste solution. Also,
It has been desired to develop a bleaching method in which the bleaching power is enhanced for wool and the like, which has been conventionally pointed out to have insufficient bleaching power.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Upon bleaching fibers, as a result of intensive research on means for enhancing the bleaching power, it was possible to achieve the object by coexisting a specific water-soluble ionic salt with a bleaching agent during bleaching. He found out that and arrived at the invention.

That is, the present invention includes (1) hydrogen peroxide, organic and inorganic hydrogen peroxide adducts that produce hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution, chlorite, hypochlorite and the following formula (1): It is characterized in that treatment is carried out in the presence of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the represented organic peracids or salts or complexes thereof, and a water-soluble salt represented by the following formula (2). Fiber bleaching method

Formula (1)

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(Wherein R represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, an allyl group or an aralkyl group, n represents a natural number of 1 to 6) Formula (2) R ¹ X (wherein R ¹ is an alkali metal or alkali It represents an earth metal, and X is a sulfate ion, a nitrate ion, an acetate ion, a maleate ion, a fumarate ion, a monophosphate ion, a diphosphate ion, a triphosphate ion, a tripolyphosphate ion, a hexametaphosphate ion or pyrophosphate. (Ions are shown.) (2) The fibers are cellulose fibers, wool, silk, nylon,
Polyester, spandex, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride alone or a blended fiber thereof (1)
Regarding the bleaching method described.

The present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the bleaching agent usable in the present invention include hydrogen peroxide, sodium carbonate hydrogen peroxide adduct, sodium tripolyphosphate hydrogen peroxide adduct, sodium pyrophosphate hydrogen peroxide adduct, urea hydrogen peroxide adduct, and the like. Hydrogen peroxide releasing substances,
The organic peracid represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof (metal salt or ammonium salt). Specific examples of the organic peracid represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof (metal salt or ammonium salt) include performic acid, peracetic acid, perpropionic acid, perchloroacetic acid, pertrifluoroacetic acid, perbutyric acid,
Percaprylic acid, perlauric acid, dipersuccinic acid, diperglutaric acid, diperadipic acid, monoperonanedioic acid, dipernonanedioic acid, monoperdecanedioic acid, diperdecanedioic acid, monoperdodecane Diacid, diperdodecanedioic acid, monoperundecanedioic acid, diperundecanedioic acid, diperphthalic acid, diperterephthalic acid, perbenzoic acid, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, 2,4-dichloroperbenzoic acid , Monoperphthalic acid, magnesium monoperphthalate, monopersuccinic acid, magnesium monopersuccinate, monopermaleic acid, calcium monopermaleate, monoperglutaric acid, magnesium monoperglutarate, pertrimellitic acid, Examples include perpyromellitic acid. Particularly preferred are magnesium monoperphthalate and diperdodecanedioic acid. As for chlorine bleach,
Examples include sodium chlorite and sodium hypochlorite.

The amount of the bleaching agent added is usually 0.05 to 50% owf, preferably 0.3 to 20% owf, based on the weight of the fiber to be bleached.

The aqueous solution of the salt represented by the formula (2) used in the present invention shows alkalinity, neutrality or acidity, but it is indispensable to maintain an appropriate pH range during bleaching, which will be described later. is there. In order to maintain the proper pH range, these water-soluble salts may be used alone,
It is also possible to use a mixture of several kinds of salts. The pH in the bleaching step varies depending on the bleaching agent used, but in order to effectively develop the bleaching ability, in the case of hydrogen peroxide or an adduct thereof, the pH is 10 or more on the alkaline side, and the formula (1) It is necessary to adjust the pH of the organic peracid represented by) to acidic to neutral at pH 3 to 7. In the case of sodium chlorite, it is performed on the acidic side of pH 3 to 5 and on the alkaline side of sodium hypochlorite at pH 9 to 11. These pHs are preferably adjusted after adding the salt of the formula (2).
The treatment temperature is usually 20 to 110 ° C., preferably 40.
~ 95 ° C. The bath ratio of the bleaching bath is usually 1: 5 to 1: 5
It is 0, preferably 1:10 to 1:25. The bleaching time is usually 10 to 240 minutes, preferably 30 to 120 minutes.

In the water-soluble salt represented by the above formula (2), the metal represented by R ₁ is an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium, magnesium or calcium, or an alkaline earth metal. Further, as counterions X of these metal ions, there are sulfate ion, nitrate ion, acetate ion, maleate ion, fumarate ion, monophosphate ion, diphosphate ion, triphosphate ion, tripolyphosphate ion. , Hexametaphosphate and pyrophosphate. Therefore, specific examples of the water-soluble salt represented by the formula (2) include sodium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium acetate, sodium maleate, potassium tripolyphosphate,
Examples include sodium pyrophosphate, but the present invention is not limited to these water-soluble salts.

The amount of salt of formula (2) used in the present invention is
Usually 1-200% ow, based on the weight of the bleached fiber
f., preferably 5 to 100% owf.
More preferably, it is 20 to 50% owf.

The salt of the formula (2) used in the present invention can be added to the bleaching bath either before bleaching or during bleaching. However, in order to finish the bleaching process in a short time, it is preferable to add the bleaching agent together with the bleaching agent in the bleaching bath before starting the bleaching.

Examples of natural fibers to which the present invention can be applied include cellulosic fibers such as cotton and hemp, and wool and silk.
Further, blended fibers of these can also be used. As synthetic fibers, in addition to nylon, polyester, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, acetate, rayon, etc., it is also possible to use high elastic fibers such as urethane elastic yarn (spandex), and also to mixed fiber of these. is there. It can also be used as a mixed fiber of natural fiber and synthetic fiber.

In the bleaching according to the present invention, a wetting penetrating agent such as an anionic activator, a nonionic activator, a cationic activator or a zwitterionic activator can be used in combination for the purpose of enhancing the water affinity of the fiber.

In order to suppress the catalytic decomposition of the active ingredient of the bleaching agent by metal ions in the bleaching bath, a metal ion sealing agent (for example, Kayachelator C-1000 (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) is used.
Manufactured), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Dequest 2010
(Manufactured by Mitsubishi Monsanto Kasei Co., Ltd.), etc., in an amount of 0 to 10 parts by weight per 1 part by weight of the bleach, and a diluent (for example, water, an organic solvent, Celite or Ultrafine particulate anhydrous silica) can be added in an amount of 0 to 100 parts by weight per 1 part by weight of the bleaching agent.

The bleaching agent and the water-soluble salt used in the present invention can be in any form such as a solution, suspension, paste or powder.

According to the present invention, the bleaching method of the present invention is applied in the bleaching step of natural fibers alone or mixed fibers thereof, synthetic fibers alone or mixed fibers thereof, or mixed fibers of these natural fibers and synthetic fibers. By doing so, it became possible to obtain a bleached product having a high whiteness which was not obtained by the conventional bleaching treatment.

[0019]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but these examples are for illustration only and do not limit the present invention. In addition, each example,
In the comparative example, Sanmor BH-21K (trade name,
Each bleaching bath was prepared using a bath containing 1 g / l of a penetrant, manufactured by Nika Kagaku Co., Ltd.

In Examples 1 to 4, bleaching of cotton (100% greige) was used as a bleaching agent, hydrogen peroxide, sodium chlorite,
Magnesium monoperphthalate (H-48) and diperdodecanedioic acid (DPDA) were used, and anhydrous sodium sulfate was used as the water-soluble inorganic salt to improve the bleaching effect. The results are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, Y. I.
(Yellow index) is a color model
The value measured by TC-1 (manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Co., Ltd.) is shown. The smaller the value, the better the whiteness.

Treatment was carried out at a temperature of 90 ° C. for 60 minutes in a bath having the composition shown in Examples 1 to 4 below. After bleaching, it was rinsed and then washed with 98 ° C. Marcel soap water for 15 minutes. The ratio of fiber to bleaching bath in the bath is 1:20.

Example 1 35% hydrogen peroxide 8% o.w.f. (commercial product: available oxygen 16.5%) anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% o.w.f. sodium metasilicate 2% o.w.f. sodium hydroxide 2% o.w.f. pH 13.8

Example 2 Sodium chlorite 8% o.w.f. Anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% o.w.f. Acetic acid (anhydrous) 8% o.w.f. pH 3.0

Example 3 H-488 8% o.w.f. Nippon Peroxide Co., Ltd. Magnesium monoperphthalate Effective oxygen 4.9% Anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% o.w.f. pH 6.8

Example 4 DPDA 8% o.w.f. (manufactured by Kayaku Akzo Co., Ltd .: available oxygen 3.3%) Anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% o.w.f. pH 5.3

As a comparison with Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 show a bleaching method in which anhydrous sodium sulfate is not added.

Comparative Example 1 35% hydrogen peroxide 8% o.w.f. sodium metasilicate 2% o.w.f. sodium hydroxide 2% o.w.f. pH 13.8

Comparative Example 2 Sodium chlorite 8% o.w.f. acetic acid (anhydrous) 8% o.w.f. pH 3.0

Comparative Example 3 H-488 8% o.w.f. pH 6.8

Comparative Example 4 DPDA 8% o.w.f. pH 5.3

[0031]

[Table 1]

In Examples 5 to 8, the same treatment as the hydrogen peroxide bleaching shown in Example 1 was carried out except that the water-soluble ionic salt was variously changed. Table 2 shows the results.

Example 5 35% hydrogen peroxide 8% o.w.f. potassium tripolyphosphate 20% o.w.f. sodium metasilicate 2% o.w.f. sodium hydroxide 2% o.w.f. pH 14.0

Example 6 35% hydrogen peroxide 8% o.w.f. sodium acetate 30% o.w.f. sodium metasilicate 2% o.w.f. sodium hydroxide 2% o.w.f. pH 14.0

Example 7 35% hydrogen peroxide 8% o.w.f. sodium hexametaphosphate 40% o.w.f. sodium metasilicate 2% o.w.f. sodium hydroxide 2% o.w.f. pH 13.9

Example 8 35% hydrogen peroxide 8% o.w.f. potassium nitrate 40% o.w.f. sodium metasilicate 2% o.w.f. sodium hydroxide 2% o.w.f. pH 14.0

[0037]

[Table 2]

In Examples 9 to 13, the type of fiber to be bleached was changed. The results are shown in Table 3. As a comparison, the results of the bleaching test under the conditions in which the ionic water-soluble salt was not added were performed in Comparative Examples 5 to 9. The bleaching conditions were adapted to each fiber.

Example 9 Fiber Wool (concentrated) 35% Hydrogen peroxide 8% o.w.f. Anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% o.w.f. Sodium carbonate 2% o.w.f. Bleaching conditions Temperature 70 ° C Time 120 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 11.0

Example 10 Fiber Acrylic-cotton blend (50:50) Sodium chlorite 8% owf Anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% owf Acetic acid (anhydrous) 8% owf Bleaching conditions Temperature 90 ° C. Time 60 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 3.0

Example 11 Fiber Polyester-cotton blend (50:50) H-488 8% o.w.f. Anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% o.w.f. Bleaching conditions Temperature 90 ° C Time 60 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 6.8

Example 12 Fiber Nylon-cotton blend (50:50) DPDA 8% o.w.f. Anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% o.w.f. Bleaching conditions Temperature 90 ° C Time 60 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 5.3

Example 13 Fiber Acrylic DPDA 8% o.w.f. Anhydrous sodium sulfate 40% o.w.f. Bleaching conditions Temperature 90 ° C Time 60 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 5.3

Comparative Example 5 Fiber Wool (Scoured) 35% Hydrogen Peroxide 8% o.w.f. Sodium Carbonate 2% o.w.f. Bleaching Conditions Temperature 70 ° C Time 120 minutes Bath Ratio 1:20 pH 11.0

Comparative Example 6 Fiber Acrylic-cotton blend (50:50) Sodium chlorite 8% o.w.f. Acetic acid (anhydrous) 8% o.w.f. Bleaching conditions Temperature 90 ° C Time 60 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 3.0

Comparative Example 7 Fiber Polyester-cotton blend (50:50) H-488 8% o.w.f. Bleaching conditions Temperature 90 ° C Time 60 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 6.8

Comparative Example 8 Fiber Nylon-cotton blend (50:50) DPDA 8% o.w.f. Bleaching conditions Temperature 90 ° C Time 60 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 5.3

Comparative Example 9 Fiber
Acrylic DPDA 8% owf Bleaching conditions Temperature 90 ° C Time 60 minutes Bath ratio 1:20 pH 5.3

[0049]

[Table 3]

[0050]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION In bleaching fibers, a bleaching agent and an ionic water-soluble salt are simply added to the bleaching bath to easily obtain a high whiteness which has never been obtained.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Hydrogen peroxide, an organic and inorganic hydrogen peroxide adduct which produces hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution, chlorite, hypochlorite and an organic peracid represented by the following formula (1): 1 selected from the group consisting of salts or complexes thereof
A bleaching method for fibers, which comprises treating the compound in the presence of one or more compounds and a water-soluble salt represented by the following formula (2). Formula (1) (However, R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, an allyl group or an aralkyl group, and n is a natural number of 1 to 6.) Formula (2) R ¹ X (where R ¹ is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal) And X represents a sulfate ion, a nitrate ion, an acetate ion, a maleate ion, a fumarate ion, a monophosphate ion, a diphosphate ion, a triphosphate ion, a tripolyphosphate ion, a hexametaphosphate ion or a pyrophosphate ion. .) 2. The bleaching method according to claim 1, wherein the fibers are cellulosic fibers, wool, silk, nylon, polyester, spandex, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, or a mixed fiber thereof.