JPH088069A - Solar sign - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a solar sign using a relatively small solar cell area by turning on a light-emitting load by the supply to a load circuit of AC power which is pinned and latched at a secondary zero-cross point determined by a circuit constant. CONSTITUTION:A thyristor of a photothyristor coupler PSC 1 is ignited in response to a positive signal pulse f3 from a transmitter 1, and a potential difference produced between both ends of a resistance R12 is applied to the gate of a main switch S+, and a main current is passed toward a ground terminal from a power terminal +E through a load circuit 8. In this case, the phase of a microcurrent flowing through an auxiliary path coincides with the phase of the main current. Therefore, when the phase of the main current is opposed to a primary zero-cross phase, the thyristor of the coupler PSC1 is turned off, the potential of the resistance 12, i.e., the gate potential of a FET is eliminated, and the switch S+ becomes nonconducting; the reverse component of the main component is fed back and recovered. When a negative signal pulse f4 arrives, a minus auxiliary path and an inverter perform similar action.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an internal (external) illuminated display (sign) and / or an illumination and / or an internal (external) in which photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell is used as a supply source of internal (external) illumination power. ) Regarding the field of illuminated watches. It should be noted that, among the usage modes of the solar cells in these fields of application, those which can be named “solar sign” in the invention of the prior application by the present inventor and the usage modes in the present invention are collectively referred to as the solar sign. Or we will call it the solar sign system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Many attempts have been made on the idea of supplying electric power for lighting and internally illuminated signs with solar cells.
In particular, the spread of the inverter technology for obtaining AC power from the DC power supply and the relatively easy conversion and adjustment of the DC power supply voltage by the DC-DC converter have made it possible to say that the technical environment is being prepared.

On the other hand, as described above, an inverter or a DC-D
Despite the progress of DC power supplies including C converters and peripheral technologies, it is not the case that the spread of lighting and signs using solar cells has progressed further, or rather it may not proceed slowly. At present, it can only be said that the progress is slow.

The main reason for this is, of course, the problem of price competitiveness of the solar cell system including peripheral devices, but in the case of an outdoor lighting pole or an internally illuminated sign, the cost of laying a commercial power source is also included. Comparing the installation work unit prices, for example, if the laying distance of the commercial power source requires 3 to 10 meters, the calculation result shows that the solar system is cheaper in most cases. Looking at the common sense nowadays, the main reason preventing the spread of these solar systems is not the cost problem, but rather the system technology of each solar system itself and the structure and shape derived from it. It is judged that there is a problem.

[0005] The biggest problem in utilizing the solar cell in the field of display (sign) and / or illumination or internal (external) illuminated timepiece is how to reduce the area of the solar cell. .

This is also a problem in designing the shape of a workpiece or a structure before it was merely an economic problem.
If the solar cell becomes too large, the wind receiving area becomes large and it becomes impossible to calculate the yield strength as a work or structure, or the pillars and foundation become too large, and various difficulties and unreasonableness occur during installation work. , Naturally, it will also come back to the cost of production and installation work. Also, if the solar cells that have become too large in area are installed separately in another location and wired to the display or lighting by underground buried lines, wiring costs can be saved. Will lose its merit.

On the other hand, in order to reduce the area of the solar cell, it is sufficient to increase the conversion efficiency of the solar cell. However, the efficiency of the same single crystal silicon solar cell is immediately increased several times. It is not possible as a practical problem, and it is rather a realistic choice to save energy and improve efficiency from the viewpoint of system technology.

From this point of view, therefore, the subject that the present invention is one of the subjects of the present invention is that the light emission power of the EL light emitting plate is covered by the power generation of the solar cell. Since the technology of inverters and DC-DC converters has advanced and spread as mentioned above, it is relatively easy to light an EL, which is an AC load, with a low-voltage DC power supply, and there are many known technologies. On the other hand, it is also known to charge and store the electromotive force from the solar cell to the secondary battery. Therefore, simply combining these known concepts is not a substitute that can be called an invention or a device.

However, when this set of known concepts is actually undertaken and challenged, it is understood that its practical application requires the solution of an unavoidable problem that is difficult to achieve simply by the combination of conventional techniques. In addition, the more the path the former person has followed, the more it can be seen that it is a corpse of dead corpses. In other words, it is rare that the idea is so easy, but it is also difficult to achieve it.

An ordinary EL light emitting plate is normally driven by an AC load and the applied voltage is a peak voltage in the range of about + -70 to + -180V. A booster type inverter is required to light up with the DC power obtained by accumulating in a secondary battery. However, lighting the EL light-emitting plate with a low-voltage DC power source has been a well-known technique used for a backlight of a liquid crystal panel of a laptop computer at the beginning of its widespread use or a backlight of a small liquid crystal TV. , In the literature, for example, Utility Model Bulletin Showa 49
-9081 was published as "Vehicle electroluminescent plate lighting device", and an idea was devised to light an EL light emitting plate by a DC power source.

On June 24, 1987, the results of researches by the inventors on display devices using a combination of a solar cell and an EL light emitting plate were "day spray device", "nightlight", "mail box", "bicycle". , A utility model registration request for "fishing cooler" was made, and the application was published (Sho 64-2287, Sho 64).
-1405, SHO 64-1582, SHO 64-1188, SHO 64-3573), these are DC in the charging circuit to the secondary battery by the solar cell and the discharging circuit from the secondary battery to the load driving circuit. -It was said that a DC converter was used, and some modifications were made in the charging / discharging circuit configuration.
In putting to practical use a display system etc.
It turns out that the more important essential issues are elsewhere
I have forgotten the examination request.

In addition to the present inventor, for example, as a "display device" in the Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 63-130789, DC power obtained by accumulating a solar battery and an electromotive force obtained by the solar battery in a secondary battery is used. Convert to AC and EL
A display device that lights up is announced, but this is also a description of general common sense when combining a solar cell and EL. So to speak, it was solved in order to put it into practical use. Recognizing the essential issues that must be
It can be said that there is no mention or solution.

By the way, the practical problems that the inventor has encountered in practical application of a sign system or the like by combining a solar cell and an EL, that is, a solar sign, are generally as follows. Met.

(A) One is the problem of power consumption when the EL is turned on. Compared with the prior art at that time, the power consumption at the same area and the same brightness is 1/3 or 1 / if possible. The balance of energy balance cannot be achieved unless it is reduced to 10.

(B) One is the problem of the EL light emitting area and the light emitting brightness. In the prior art at that time, the EL light emitting area and the light emitting brightness were uniquely determined by the lighting device (inverter), and therefore different areas were used. If you try to change or adjust the EL emission brightness to adjust the EL panel or power consumption, you will have to remake another EL lighting device from its built-in parts, while the signboard required in the market. The display area varies depending on the case, so it was completely lacking in the market responsiveness including specifications.

(C) One is, as a natural result of the above (b), when switching light emission of a combination of light emission patterns by assembling a plurality of light emission segments is performed, light emission occurs when the light emission area changes due to the combination of light emission patterns. The brightness has changed (for example, rewriting light emission of numbers composed of 7 segments), and display light emission capable of rewriting light emission cannot be obtained.

(D) One is the problem of the quantitative evaluation technology of sunshine conditions and power generation amount, that is, energy balance at specific installation points, and how much excellent and low power consumption solar sign system was developed. However, at a specific installation point, if the energy balance between spring, summer, autumn, and winter cannot be quantitatively judged immediately including the sunshine condition, it is likely that the installation will be postponed, especially in Japan. Due to the humid climate characteristics, the amount of scattered solar radiation from the sky exceeds the amount of direct solar radiation for more than half of the year, including summer, and it is necessary to make a quantitative determination that includes the amount of power generated by scattered solar radiation components. However, there was no measurement / evaluation technology that could answer this in the conventional technology at that time.

In other words, in order to put the solar sign into practical use, it was decided that these problems had to be solved one after another. Of these, the problem (d) was not limited to the problem of the solar sign system alone. , A distributed (standalone type) solar cell work, and other common problems that use solar energy in general, and as an independent theme, on September 5, 1991, "Measurement method of received light amount, sunshine condition We applied for a patent as "Measurement method and solar energy utilization system" (No. 254614 in 2003), and tried to solve it. At the same time, some public institutions have adopted the basic design of the solar cell utilization system at the proposal of the inventor. , For example, the name of the river / park named by the solar sign installed on the embankment of the Yodo River in October 1992. Was) it can be said that a typical example.

(A) and (b) are problems of the lighting technology of the light-emitting body such as EL, and the inventor succeeded in developing a lighting technology capable of simultaneously solving (a) and (b), and in September 1991. And Heisei 2
In March of the year, a patent application was filed as "Solar Sign", and the Yodogawa's one also used this.

As to what kind of solution this is, the detailed description is given in the specification of the above-mentioned "Solar Sign", but the clue or the point of solution is EL.
It was a question of lighting efficiency.

Although various academic societies have been published at the Society for Fluorescence, etc., regarding the physical luminescence mechanism of EL, its poor luminous efficiency (only about 1% of the power consumption at that time changed to light energy) It is a common theory and common sense in the academic society that it is caused by internal loss of capacitive load, which is called body loss.Therefore, there is almost no idea or attention that the efficiency can be improved by devising the system including the lighting circuit. Also, it can be said that such common sense of physical properties has hindered such an idea or idea.

However, if most of the power consumption disappears due to internal loss during the light emission process of the EL panel, the EL
The temperature of the panel rises steadily, and it should suffer thermal damage depending on the lighting environment. On the other hand, it is common knowledge that the EL is a cold light-emitting body, and even if it is bright enough to emit light, it will not be affected by the ambient temperature. At most, it rises only once or twice.

As a natural consequence of this fact, it was judged that the energy loss of the EL light-emitting body was largely due to the external loss including the lighting circuit rather than the internal loss inside the light-emitting body, and the lighting circuit was also included. We have started to develop the system of solar sign, achieved the results for practical use, filed the patent, and achieved the actual construction results of Yodogawa.

When considering a solar cell utilization system in which a solar cell and a load such as an EL light-emitting body are combined in this way, it is premature to think that a solar cell utilization system can be put to practical use simply by combining the solar cell and the load. It is just a desire, and innovation and ingenuity, including the light emission method and circuit configuration of the load, are necessary, and it can be said that SolarSign is a system that has seen the light of day as a result of such efforts that is finally sufficient for practical use.

Still, at the present moment, solar cells and EL
Since it is a fact that this is the most excellent thing that can be actually installed and constructed as a sign system or a display device in combination with a light-emitting body such as a light-emitting plate, it is obvious that the present invention In comparison with the conventional technology or the prior art, the comparison with the conventional solar sign technology, which is the inventor's own prior application technology, becomes the most important.

Based on the above practical problems, the inventor invented a solar sign mainly using EL or LED as a light source and filed a patent application on September 5, 1991 and March 22, 1990. ing. As a recent solar sign system based on the inventor's prior art, which has been actually manufactured and installed, there is a river / park name sign delivered / installed to the Yodogawa Construction Office of the Ministry of Construction in October 1992.

[0028] This is configured such that one side of the solar sign display surface is a conventional river name sign of "first-class river / Yodogawa" and the other surface is a park name sign indicating "national park / Yodogawa river park". However, on both sides, the character part emits light at full time at night. In particular, the basic design of the system was done by the inventor himself. The solar cell has a gable-shaped roof with monocrystalline silicon. In order to facilitate understanding, FIG. 1 shows a basic shape and dimension drawing of an actually installed object. Of the white letters in the figure, the part other than the “Ministry of Construction” at the bottom and the park mark at the left end of the middle side of the A plane emits light from sunset to dawn at night.

The design criteria for this Yodogawa Solar Sign are: * In any season, direct sunlight on the sunny day should be 3 hours before and after the time of the central time of the south, * Sky scattered light sunshine condition (effective aperture ratio of the sky) is It is said that 70% or more can be obtained, so there is no system down as long as this installation condition is satisfied, and even in the summer of 1993 which was the year of bad sunlight since the meteorological observatory began, the system down finally Did not occur.

The design of this Yodogawa Solar Sign
In addition to the solar sign technology, another prior invention technology “amount of received light measurement method, sunshine condition measurement method and solar energy utilization system” by the present inventor is used. This makes it possible to calculate, predict, and evaluate the energy balance balance of the solar cell system at each individual installation point in four seasons very accurately, and the design criteria and installation conditions for the Yodogawa Solar Sign are also obtained from this. Is.

That is, in order to design, manufacture, and install the solar sign in response to actual demand, a system considering the sunshine environment of the installation point by the "light receiving amount measuring method, sunshine condition measuring method and solar energy utilization system" is used. Design technology and solar sign technology as a component technology to achieve it are exactly the two wheels of the car,
It consists of a diagram in which the achievement level of energy saving required for the latter "solar sign technology" is known from the former "design technology".

From this point of view, that is, from the former "design technology" to the conventional "solar sign technology", there is no concern if the installation environment is relatively good under sunshine conditions, such as around the Yodo River. However, it can be seen that even more energy saving is required in an installation environment where buildings are forested in the vicinity, such as along a road in the center of Tokyo.

In order to realize a solar sign as a solar cell workpiece which is required to pursue and achieve such a severe balance of energy balance, various things remain in its load lighting system (circuit). We have to overcome challenges. For example, in the solar sign load lighting circuit, by eliminating the switching energy loss and collecting the charge that has been charged up to the capacitive load every half cycle, it is a dramatic lighting compared to the conventional EL lighting method. Although the efficiency has been improved, it is important for the operation of such a load lighting circuit to devise a zero cross switch mechanism S +, S- which is in a cutoff state when the current value becomes zero.
The easiest way is to use a thyristor or triac, as shown in the conventional solar sign embodiment, and directly drive it by a drive signal.

However, directly driving the main switch of the inverter in which a high voltage and a large current value flow compared with the drive signal by the drive signal may cause malfunction or the drive signal system circuit may cause the snubber circuit to operate. It's necessary and complicated,
As a result, the power consumption in the drive signal system itself becomes non-negligible, which is not desirable for the solar sign system.

Further, if the power consumption is the same, the higher the voltage of the alternating current flowing through the load circuit is (of course within the rated voltage range), the more the luminous efficiency of EL, which is the main luminous load of the solar sign, is improved. I know that.

On the other hand, the output voltage of the solar cell (optimum operating voltage)
In something like a solar sign system,
From the viewpoint of the safety of being a direct current, a low-voltage system is adopted, which is at most 24V or less.
2V is used. Therefore, the power supply system of the solar sine system is an alternating current of a relatively high voltage level (although about + -50 to + -200 V peak / peak) so that the EL can be lit from a single low voltage DC system of 12V. It is necessary to convert to a system, and due to the characteristics of the conventional solar sign technology lighting system, a dual mode DC power supply converted from a single mode DC power supply is required.

As a matter of fact, the biggest problem in the conventional solar sign technology, that is, the load lighting system, is the problem in addition to the performance problem of the zero-cross switch mechanism (in fact, it is also an integrated problem). However, there is a need for a dual mode DC power supply as an input power supply to the inverter, and therefore the following difficulties exist as a practical problem. 1) Minimum + -48 for dual mode DC power supply
A voltage of about V, preferably about + -100V, is necessary, but a single mode DC 12V (or 24V)
DC + -48 to + -100V in dual mode from power supply
It is not easy to obtain the power source of E.C.I. efficiently and economically, and there is almost no general-purpose DC-DC converter capable of such voltage conversion.

2) In the inverter system in which the polarity switching input is performed by the dual mode DC power source, the effective voltage is applied only to the load EL at a voltage level which is half the boosted DC voltage obtained, resulting in a loss in conversion efficiency. In addition, there is a loss in the luminous efficiency of the EL itself.

3) In the inverter system in which the polarity is switched and input by the dual mode DC power supply, the capacity of the inverter is inevitably partly connected in series with the buffer capacitor bridged between the positive and negative input power supply terminals and the intermediate potential terminal. It comes in as a part of the sexual load and forms an extra load in the load circuit, which is wasted power consumption. It is estimated that the ratio may reach 30% to 50% of the electric power consumed by EL as an intrinsic load in some cases.

[0050]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a solar sign that solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, problems and difficulties of the conventional solar sign, and to improve the lighting efficiency of the load. Even in this case, it is possible to improve by about 30% compared to the conventional solar sign, and it is possible to switch the light emission brightness and power consumption during the lighting time zone, and to switch the combination light emission pattern of the light emitting segments. is there.

[0051]

[Means for Solving the Problems]
It is achieved by the present invention of (1) to (11).

(1) Electroluminescence (EL) or light emitting diode (LED) having a capacitive load characteristic due to the photovoltaic power generated by the solar cell or the electric energy obtained by storing the photovoltaic power generated by the solar cell.
Alternatively, a light-emitting body (resistive light-emitting body) having a resistive load characteristic or an arbitrary combination of them is illuminated as a light-emitting load.
The load lighting circuit of the illuminated timepiece or the lighting should be designed so that bidirectional current flows through a) a) inductor and EL or EL string, or b) inductor and bipolar capacitor, and LED as part of the series coupling component, respectively. A diode circuit, or c) an inductor and an EL or EL string, or the diode circuit, or d) an inductor and a bipolar capacitor and the resistive light emitter, or e) an inductor and an EL or EL string and the resistive light emitter. Or f) A zero-cross circuit that has an inductor and an EL or EL string, a load circuit including the diode circuit and the resistive light emitter, and a positive feedback characteristic, and that automatically shuts off (OFF) the channel when the current value becomes zero. Main switch for controlling main current by switch element or zero-cross switch circuit Switch, a reverse current bypass diode for bypassing the switch, and an inverter circuit composed of a pair of polarity switch mechanisms constituted by a drive signal system optically coupled with the main switch, and both ends of the load circuit are connected to the inverter circuit. The load circuit is bridge-coupled between the output terminal and the ground terminal, and the positive and negative main switches are periodically and alternately ignited and conducted by a periodic signal string forming a drive signal of the inverter circuit. The phase of each half cycle of the AC current flowing through the pin is supplied to the load circuit by supplying AC power that is pinned and latched at the secondary zero-cross point determined by the circuit constant to light the light emitting load. Load lighting method or a load lighting method electrically equivalent thereto, and an internal (external) illuminated display method or internal (external) illumination using the same Watch or lighting.

(2) Electroluminescence (EL) or light emitting diode (LED) having a capacitive load characteristic due to the photovoltaic energy of the solar cell or the electric energy obtained by accumulating the photovoltaic power of the solar cell.
Alternatively, a light-emitting body (resistive light-emitting body) having a resistive load characteristic or an arbitrary combination of them is illuminated as a light-emitting load.
The load lighting circuit of the illuminated timepiece or the lighting should be designed so that bidirectional current flows through a) a) inductor and EL or EL string, or b) inductor and bipolar capacitor, and LED as part of the series coupling component, respectively. A diode circuit, or c) an inductor and an EL or EL string, or the diode circuit, or d) an inductor and a bipolar capacitor and the resistive light emitter, or e) an inductor and an EL or EL string and the resistive light emitter. Or f) a load circuit including an inductor and an EL or EL string, the diode circuit and the resistive light-emitting body, a switch element for controlling a main current or a main switch by a switch circuit, and a reverse current bypass diode for bypassing the switch. , An auxiliary path for inserting an auxiliary switch, An inverter circuit composed of a pair of polarity switch mechanisms constituted by a drive signal system is provided, and both ends of the load circuit are bridge-coupled between the output terminal of the inverter circuit and a ground terminal, and the auxiliary switch with the auxiliary switch inserted therein is provided. Paths are respectively provided between the positive and negative power supply input terminals and the output terminal of the inverter to form a positive and negative auxiliary switch and an auxiliary path, respectively, and the main switch and / or the auxiliary switch has a positive feedback characteristic and a current value of A zero-cross switch element or a zero-cross switch circuit that automatically cuts off the channel when it becomes zero is used, and both ends of the load circuit are bridge-coupled between the output terminal and the ground terminal of the inverter circuit to drive the inverter circuit. The positive and negative auxiliary switches are cyclically alternated by a periodic signal train forming a signal system. Koh
Conduction is performed to alternately open and close the positive and negative main switches of the inverter circuit by the action of a minute auxiliary current that alternately flows in the positive and negative auxiliary paths, or a part thereof, or the potential or potential difference formed by it, to the load circuit. The phase of each half cycle of the flowing AC current is pinned and latched at a secondary zero-cross point determined by a circuit constant, and the AC power is supplied to the load circuit to light the light emitting load. A load lighting method or a load lighting method electrically equivalent thereto, and an internal (external) illuminated display method or an internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting using the same.

(3) The load lighting system according to (2), characterized in that the drive signal system of the inverter circuit is optically coupled with the inverter circuit in the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path. , And an internal (external) illuminated display method or an internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting using the same.

(4) Electroluminescence (EL) or light emitting diode (LED) having a capacitive load characteristic due to photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell or electric energy obtained by storing photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell.
Alternatively, a light-emitting body (resistive light-emitting body) having a resistive load characteristic or an arbitrary combination of them is illuminated as a light-emitting load.
The load lighting circuit of the illuminated timepiece or the lighting should be designed so that bidirectional current flows through a) a) inductor and EL or EL string, or b) inductor and bipolar capacitor, and LED as part of the series coupling component, respectively. A diode circuit, or c) an inductor and an EL or EL string, or the diode circuit, or d) an inductor and a bipolar capacitor and the resistive light emitter, or e) an inductor and an EL or EL string and the resistive light emitter. Or f) a load circuit including an inductor and an EL or EL string, the diode circuit and the resistive light emitter, a zero-cross switch mechanism that automatically shuts off (OFF) the channel when the current value becomes zero, and the bypass circuit Polarity composed of reverse current bypass diode and drive signal system Alternate conduction of switches (O
N) Two inverter circuits whose operations are in inverse synchronism with each other are provided, and the two inverters are provided at both ends of the load circuit or at least both ends of the load circuit, or an EL column or a partial load circuit including a bipolar capacitor. A bridge inverter circuit is formed by cross-linking between output terminals of the circuit, and the bridge inverter circuit is driven by a periodic signal string forming the drive signal system, and every half cycle of an alternating current flowing in the load circuit. The load lighting method or the load lighting method characterized in that the luminescent load is lit by supplying AC power pinned / latched at a secondary zero-cross point determined by a circuit constant to the load circuit. Electrically equivalent load lighting method and internal (external) illuminated display method or internal (external) illuminated watch using this Ku lighting.

(5) An auxiliary path for inserting an auxiliary switch whose opening and closing is controlled by the periodic signal sequence forming the drive signal system is inserted into the two inverter circuits, and a positive / negative power supply input terminal and output terminals of the two inverter circuits. And the main switch and / or the auxiliary switch, each of which has a positive feedback characteristic and uses a zero-cross switch element or a zero-cross switch circuit that automatically cuts off the channel when the current value becomes zero. A zero-cross switch mechanism is used for controlling the channel opening / closing of the main switch by the action of the current flowing through the auxiliary route or a part thereof, or the action of the potential or the potential difference formed by the current flowing through the auxiliary route or a part thereof. The load lighting method according to (4), which is characterized by External) illuminated display or internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting.

(6) The load according to (5), wherein the drive signal system of the two inverter circuits is optically coupled with the inverter circuit in the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path. A lighting method, and an internal (external) illuminated display method or an internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting using the same.

(7) In the load circuit, a light emitter branch path array or each light emitter element or element in which each light emitter element or element group is arranged so that each element or element group of the light emitter element array is parallel to each other. A group of luminous body branch paths in which a group and a bipolar capacitor are arranged in series, and a load cyclic distribution switch circuit for alternately or sequentially distributing electric power to each luminous body branch path are provided, and the power supplied to the load circuit is Alternately or alternately switching to each path of the luminous body branching path at every cycle or every integer cycle while synchronizing the distribution path with the switching frequency of the inverter, so that the luminous body elements or element groups of the luminous body branching path row are alternately arranged. Alternatively, the load lighting method according to any one of (1) to (6), characterized in that lighting is performed sequentially in a time-division manner.
And an internal (external) illuminated display method or an internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting using the same.

(8) In the load lighting circuit, a light emitter branch path array in which each element or element group of the EL element array including the EL array is arranged, or the resistive light emitter or /
And each light emitting element or element group consisting of the diode circuit and a bipolar capacitor or EL or E
A light emitter branch path array in which L rows are arranged in series is provided, and one end of each light emitter branch path is connected to one end of the upper inductor of the node and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the inverter circuit. Place them in parallel with each other,
An inverter circuit array provided with positive and negative common input terminals and a ground terminal is configured, and the other end of the load circuit, that is, the other end of the inductor is coupled to the ground terminal to drive each inverter circuit alternately or in sequence. In this way, the light-emitting element or element group of the light-emitting branch path sequence is sequentially turned on in a time-division manner, and the load lighting method according to (1) to (3), and the inside (outside) using the same. Illuminated display method or internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting.

(9) In the load lighting circuit, a light emitter branch path array in which each element or element group of a light emitter element array consisting of an EL array is arranged, or the resistive light emitter or /
And each light emitting element or element group consisting of the diode circuit and a bipolar capacitor or EL or E
A light emitter branching path row in which L rows are arranged in series is provided, and bridge inverter circuits in which both ends of each light emitter branching path are bridge-coupled between the output terminals of the two inverter circuits are arranged in parallel with each other to provide a common input.・ A bridge inverter circuit array with a ground terminal is configured, and an inductor is inserted between the common input terminal or / and the common ground terminal of the bridge inverter circuit array and the power supply terminal, and then each bridge inverter circuit is alternately or sequentially arranged. The load lighting method according to any one of (4) to (6), characterized in that the light-emitting element or the element group of the light-emitting branch path is alternately or sequentially turned on by cyclic driving, and the same. Internal (external) illuminated display method or internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting.

(10) A load selection switch circuit is provided in each of the light emitter branch paths, the input (ground) path of each of the inverter circuits or bridge inverter circuits, or the drive signal distribution branch path to operate the load selection switch circuit. The load lighting method according to any one of (7) to (9), and the internal (external) illumination using the light emitting element or the combination of element groups to be turned on by Expression display method or internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting.

(11) By switching the switching cycle (frequency) of the polarity switch of the inverter in the lighting time zone of the light emitter, the switching operation of the light emission brightness and power consumption in the lighting time zone of the light emitter can be performed. The load lighting method according to any one of (1) to (10), and an internal (external) illuminated display method or an internal (external) illuminated clock using the load lighting method. Or lighting.

In the above case, the zero-cross switch element or the zero-cross switch circuit that constitutes the polarity switch of the inverter is for the current value that is automatically turned off (cut off) when the current value becomes zero. It is different from the voltage value that is often called when ignition / conduction occurs when the voltage is near zero. As such a zero-cross switch element, for example, a thyristor, a triac, or a photo coupler thereof is typical, and a transistor circuit electrically equivalent to the thyristor or the triac is also well known.

A switch element or a switch circuit having a positive feedback characteristic has a characteristic of maintaining or promoting the conduction state until the current value becomes zero due to the action of the current flowing therethrough once it becomes the conduction state. It can be said that the zero-cross switch for the current value is a phenomenon (dual phenomenon) based on the same action. A typical switching element having a positive feedback characteristic is also a thyristor, a triac, a transistor circuit electrically equivalent thereto, a photocoupler or a solid state relay incorporating them.

Phototransistor couplers, photothyristor couplers, phototriac couplers, etc., which are usually called photocouplers, are well known as the optical coupling element, and a solid-state relay that incorporates these is easy to use. ing.

In most cases of the solar sine, a capacitor is cross-linked between the DC power source input terminals of the inverter circuit, and this serves as a buffer function as a tray for the reverse flow feedback current.

The present invention is classified into the I-th aspect and the II-th aspect depending on the difference in the configuration of the inverter circuit of the load lighting circuit. According to the first aspect, claims 1 to 3
Alternatively, the present invention relates to the load lighting circuit according to any one of claims 8 to 11, which is configured by one inverter circuit formed of a pair of positive and negative channels. On the other hand, I
The aspect I relates to the load lighting circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6 or claim 9 and is constituted by two inverter circuits formed from two pairs of positive and negative channels in inverting synchronization relationship. It is a thing. The load lighting circuit of the solar sign which is the subject of claims 7, 10 and 11 includes both aspects.

In the load lighting circuit of the second aspect of the present invention, the DC power source of the inverter is premised to be of single mode, but the dual mode is used in single mode. I don't mind. In many cases, this direct current power source is often obtained by transforming another direct current (primary) power source by a DC-DC converter. In this case, in the case of the second aspect, single mode DC power source is used. -A DC converter can be used (although a dual mode DC-DC converter may be used in a single mode).

[0070]

Next, the operation of the load lighting system of the solar sign according to the present invention will be described.

The solar sine lighting method according to the present invention utilizes the series resonance phenomenon of the current in the load circuit, but unlike the ordinary current resonance type inverter, the current waveform of each half cycle is the secondary waveform. The oscillating current is pinned (latched) at the zero-cross point of, and the dynamic system in half cycle is completed.

This characteristic, that is, the series resonance current waveform for every half cycle is pinned and latched at the secondary zero-cross point instead of the normal primary zero-cross point, is actually the solar sign of the present invention. This is an essential point in the load lighting circuit. If this is an inverter system in which the polarity is switched (switching) by pinning at the primary zero-cross point instead of the secondary zero-cross point, the steady state of the dynamic system in the load circuit converges to the so-called resonance mode. However, this resonance mode is a so-called divergence solution of a dynamical system, and if the resistance equivalent component (or Q value) in the load circuit is not sufficiently large, the capacitive circuit which is one of the components of the load circuit The peak voltage applied to both ends of the load rises every switching cycle, and eventually the voltage is destroyed.

That is, the steady-state solution of the electrodynamic system in such a load circuit, which is achieved by an ordinary current resonance type inverter, depends on the resistance equivalent component (Q value) of the load circuit itself and causes voltage breakdown. Or, the extent to which the peak voltage rises, even if the voltage is not destroyed, depends on the components that make up the load circuit. It ’s true.

On the other hand, the method of pinning the oscillating current every half cycle at the secondary zero-cross point employed in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention to switch the polarity is The unsteady oscillating current, which is a so-called transient phenomenon that flows through the load circuit in each cycle, is pinned and latched at its secondary zero-cross phase point to switch the polarity, and the resulting steady state of the electrodynamic system of the load circuit ( The steady-state solution) is stable regardless of the load circuit configuration requirements, and the peak voltage applied to the capacitive load is the DC of the inverter regardless of the resistance equivalent component (Q value). It will never exceed twice the input power supply voltage.

Now, consider an LCR circuit in which the load circuit is similar to the LCR circuit shown in FIG. That is, the current / voltage waveform after the switch S is turned on in FIG. 2 vibrates as shown in FIG. 3 if the value of R is below a certain limit.
That is, the electric charge charged in C (EL) reversely flows back toward the power source E at τ ₁ and C (E) at time τ _2.
The potential VEL of L) drops to ΔV. By the way, if
In this case, if S is a zero-cross switch and is automatically turned off at τ ₁ , and if a reverse current bypass diode D is provided, then the current-voltage oscillation of this circuit is
Apparently, it stops at t = τ ₂ . That is,
Latched at t = τ ₂ . In this case, τ ₁ ~
The electric charge corresponding to the reverse current during τ ₂ is stored in the capacitor C.
This means that the power source E was recovered from (EL).

The load lighting circuit of the solar sine can be easily understood by considering that the power source of FIG. 2 is alternately switched between positive and negative by an inverter (however, the direction of the diode is opposite). The current / voltage waveform in the load circuit of the solar sine thus obtained is as shown in FIG.

In the current waveform, I (+) is the movement of the charge (current) in the polarity period when the power source polarity is applied to the load circuit in the positive direction, and I (-) reverses the applied polarity. This is the movement of the charge (current) in the case of doing. The shaded area corresponds to the portion for collecting the charge due to the backflow (reflux) current. Looking at the voltage waveform, C (Vp−Δ
It can be said that the charge corresponding to V) has been recovered. C
Is the capacitance of EL.

In such a load lighting system (circuit) of the solar sign, the one shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is a schematic diagram of the one related to the I-th aspect of the present invention according to claims 1 to 3. The load circuit (LCR
One end of the circuit) is fixedly grounded, the other end is connected to the output terminal of the inverter, and switches S + and S- are alternately opened and closed to alternately apply positive / negative voltage to apply the load C (EL ) Is lit, and the DC input power source of the inverter basically requires a dual mode one composed of a ground terminal, a positive terminal, and a negative terminal.

First, in realizing such a load lighting system (circuit) of the solar sign, it is important to select the zero cross switches S + and S- which are in a cutoff state when the current value becomes zero. The easiest way is to use a thyristor or triac, as shown in the conventional solar sign embodiment, and directly drive it by a drive signal.

However, directly driving the main switch of the inverter, which has a higher voltage and a larger current value than the drive signal, with the drive signal may cause malfunction or the drive signal system circuit may cause the snubber circuit to operate. It's necessary and complicated,
As a result, the power consumption in the drive signal system itself becomes a non-negligible amount, which is not a desirable result for the solar sign system.

This problem is caused by electrically separating the main switch of the inverter from the drive signal system by optical coupling, and / or providing an auxiliary path for supplying a minute current to the inverter circuit to control the main switch by the drive signal system. Is solved by performing it through the auxiliary route.

First, the simplest method of optical coupling is to use a photothyristor coupler, a phototriac coupler, or a solid-state relay in which they are incorporated in the main switch itself.

The operation will be described with reference to FIG. 24 which is a diagram showing one of the embodiments of the present invention. Mainly by the thyristor incorporated in the photothyristor coupler PSC1 by the drive signal pulse f3 emitted from the oscillator 1. The switch S + conducts, and the main current flows from + E through the load circuit 8 toward the ground terminal, forming the load circuit.
When the main current reaches the first-order zero-cross phase point by the action of the circuit, the main switch S + is cut off by its own zero-cross switch characteristic, and the reverse current is returned and recovered toward the power supply + E via the bypass diode D +. At the secondary zero-cross phase point, the dynamic system of the load circuit in this positive polarity period is completed. Next, when the negative pulse f4 comes, the same operation is performed on the opposite pole side, and this is repeated alternately. still,
Even if the photothyristor coupler forming the main switch is replaced with, for example, a phototriac coupler (corresponding to FIG. 25 in the embodiment), the above operation does not change at all.

However, when trying to use a photothyristor coupler or a phototriac coupler as the main switch itself, there is not always a proper type. For example, it is not always the case that the capacity is too small, or that the drive signal must be amplified to ignite, so that it is not always easy to use. In other words, thyristors and triacs are far more categorized as single-element devices than photocouplers, and are easier to select as the main switch.
When it becomes T, it is limited to a single element.

Therefore, these single elements are used as the main switch of the inverter, and an auxiliary path in which an auxiliary switch is inserted is provided separately, and the main switch and the signal system are indirectly coupled and controlled via the auxiliary path. Is good. In this way, the selection range of the main switch is widened, and since only a small amount of current flows in the auxiliary path, the auxiliary switch whose drive signal system is directly involved in control need only have a small capacity. Power consumption can be kept to a minimum.

As the auxiliary switch to be inserted into this auxiliary path, transistors, FETs, a switch circuit composed of them, a known one such as a thyristor or a triac can be used.

However, the most effective way to electrically separate the inverter circuit and its driving signal system is, of course, to use optical coupling. Therefore, if a switch element (photocoupler) that optically couples the drive signal system to the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path is used, the drive signal system and the inverter circuit are electrically completely separated, and a small current flowing through the auxiliary path is used. Since it requires only a small capacity to control, the range of choice is dramatically widened both in terms of cost and specifications.

Then, the operation of the inverter circuit driving method through the optical coupling in the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path will be described with reference to the embodiments.

26 to 29 correspond to the embodiment, a photothyristor coupler is used as an auxiliary switch, and an FET, a transistor, a thyristor, and a triac are used as main switches, respectively. ing. As the photocoupler used for the auxiliary switch, other than this, a photothyristor coupler, a photocapsule switch having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero cross switch characteristic, for example, a phototransistor coupler incorporating such a transistor circuit can be used.

The operation of these load lighting circuits will first be described with reference to FIG.
The positive signal pulse f from the oscillator 1 will be described below.
When 3 comes, the thyristor of the photothyristor coupler PSC1 is ignited and a minute current flows in the auxiliary path provided between the connecting contacts 110 and 115, and both ends of the resistor R12 (that is, both ends of the capacitor C1) inserted in the auxiliary path.
The potential difference (potential) formed in the FE is the FE of the main switch S +
It is applied to the gate of T and the channel of FET is opened (ON)
Then, the main current flows from the positive power supply terminal + E toward the ground terminal through the load circuit 8. In this case, the phase of the minute current (time waveform) flowing in the auxiliary path corresponds to the phase of the main current (time waveform). Therefore, when the phase of the main current reaches the primary zero-cross phase point, the thyristor of PSC1 has its own zero-cross switch characteristic. Is turned off (cut-off state), the potential across the resistor R12 (the charge of C1 also self-discharges through R12), that is, the gate potential of the FET is eliminated, and the main switch S + becomes non-conductive,
The reverse current component of the main current is fed back and recovered to the plus power source side through the bypass diode D +, and the dynamic system in this polarity period is completed at the secondary zero-cross phase point.

Next, when the negative signal pulse f4 comes, the auxiliary path on the negative side and the inverter channel perform the same operation this time, and these are alternately repeated.

In FIG. 26, a transistor is used as the main switch instead of the above FET, and a part or a substantial part of the current component of the auxiliary path flows as the base current of the transistor of the main switch to control its conduction state ( That is, it can be said that FIG. 27 utilizes the action of the potential or the potential difference formed by the current flowing through the auxiliary route, whereas the case of FIG. 26 utilizes the action of the current component flowing through the auxiliary route).

Next, in FIGS. 28 and 29, a thyristor or a triac having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero cross switch characteristic is used for the main switch. In these cases, the current component of the auxiliary path is initially necessary only for the action of firing the main switch (triggering), and once the main switch conducts, the conduction state until the primary zero-cross phase point is reached. Is achieved by the action of the main current itself without depending on the current component of the auxiliary path, so that it exerts a more excellent action in maintaining a good conduction state of the main switch (conduction state of low ON resistance). .

Therefore, although not shown, the auxiliary switch of the auxiliary path does not necessarily have to be a photocoupler having a positive feedback characteristic in this case. For example, a phototransistor is used, and only at the moment when the signal pulse arrives (that is, only the pulse time width). ) It is enough to have continuity. Although the description will be mixed, the same can be said when the photo coupler is not used for the auxiliary switch.

It should be noted that such a device may be almost unnecessary in the case of a system which is operated by an ordinary commercial (system) power supply, not by solar energy. In order to achieve the balance of payments, the power consumption is kept as low as possible, usually about 1 watt to 2 watts, and even a large system consumes about 8 watts. .

Above all, the resistance equivalent component (divergence component or ON resistance) in the inverter circuit including the main switch of the inverter is included in the R component of the LCR circuit described above, so it is necessary to minimize it. . This is because not only the problem of resistance loss but also the increase of the R component of the LCR circuit reduces the power recovery component due to the backflow current, and further lowers the overall efficiency.

Next, the problem of the buffer capacitor which is bridge-inserted between the input power terminals will be mentioned.

That is, in the solar sine load lighting circuit, it is common to bridge-connect a buffer capacitor for receiving electric power recovered as a reverse current every half cycle (one polarity period) between the input power terminals. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, these buffer capacitors C6 and C7
Is partially added to the capacitance component of the load circuit, but joins the load component in the form of series coupling.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when the switch S + is closed (turned on) and a positive power source polarity is applied to the load circuit, the charging current flows into the ground terminal as shown by the broken line arrow and the buffer capacitor of the opposite electrode. It branches to the component which flows into (charges) C7 and flows into the counter electrode (minus electrode). Here, the counter capacitor C7 constitutes a load component by being connected in series with the true load C.

Next, even when S + is opened (turned off) at the primary zero-cross phase point of the circuit current by the zero-cross function and the backflow current component circulates to the positive electrode side, as shown by the broken line in FIG. This return current is a combination of the current component from the ground terminal and the current component coming from the counter electrode (minus pole) terminal through (discharging) the counter electrode buffer capacitor C7. Again, here, the counter electrode buffer capacitor is also formed. Although C7 partially enters the load circuit, it comes into the load component in the form of series coupling.

In the opposite polarity period, the positive side buffer capacitor C6 now also joins as part of the load.

This phenomenon becomes even clearer when it is assumed that there is no ground terminal in FIGS. 5 to 7. This is equivalent to using a single mode DC power source for the inverter in the conventional solar sign load lighting method. The buffer capacitors C6 and C7 divide the potential into intermediate potentials (pseudo ground). The electric current component shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is connected to the counter electrode without branching, so that the buffer capacitor interposed in the path is completely It is connected in series with the load circuit and forms part of the load. Although it is not so extreme when using a dual mode power supply, it is still impossible to completely exclude the buffer capacitor from being added to the load in a form of partial series coupling with the load circuit.

In this case, as will be easily understood, the size of the buffer capacitor entering the load is such that the capacity C of the load circuit is the capacity C of the buffer circuit and the buffer C is the capacity of the buffer capacitor. It depends on the ratio of the capacitance Cb of the earth condenser. That is, C is Cb
The effect of the buffer capacitor is almost negligible if it is not so problematic as compared with the above, but the effect of the buffer capacitor becomes noticeable and serious when the capacity of C, that is, the true load becomes large. Power consumption and voltage consumption (voltage drop) increase. In other words, it is understood that the larger the SolarSign system, the more significant and serious its impact.

On the other hand, in the new load lighting system (circuit) of the solar sign according to the fourth aspect of the present invention relating to claims 4 to 6, one end of the load circuit is connected to the ground terminal as in the conventional case. Instead of fixed coupling, as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 8, the applied polarities at both ends of the load circuit are switched (switched) every half cycle, which is shown in FIG. As shown in (a) or (b), a load circuit (LCR circuit) or a partial load circuit including C is bridge-coupled between the output terminals 61 and 71 of the two inverter circuits 6 and 7, and the zero-cross switches S1 and S4 are connected. The pair and the bears of the zero-cross switches S2 and S3 may be coupled to each other and alternately opened and closed.

As described above, in the solar sine load lighting circuit according to the second aspect of the present invention, the load circuit or C is provided between the output terminals 61 and 71 of the two inverter circuits 6 and 7 having the zero cross switch mechanism. A bridge inverter circuit or an inverter bridge circuit is formed by cross-linking a bridge formed by a partial load circuit including the so-called. In FIG. 9B, the inductor of the load circuit is taken out of the bridge inverter circuit, but not only the inductor but also the component other than the C component of the load circuit, that is, the R component can be taken out. However, in the following description, unless otherwise specified or unless there is a need, the description will proceed with the configuration based on (a) of FIG. 9 in mind.

FIG. 10 shows a case in which S2 and S3 are turned on (ON) in this way to apply a voltage from right to left to the load circuit. The charging current is as shown by the broken line arrow in the figure. The buffer capacitor C5 is not passed (charged), and the reflux current is not directly taken into the load factor as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG.

FIG. 12 shows the current / voltage waveforms of the current flowing through the load circuit in a steady state by the load lighting method of the solar sign according to the present invention. Basically, it is the same as that shown in FIG. 4, but when comparing the first embodiment of the present invention and the second embodiment of the present invention, the latter has a half input voltage (+- The voltage waveform of the same level is applied and formed in the load circuit due to E in the latter case while it is 2E in the latter case. That is, the second aspect of the present invention
In the solar sign load lighting method of this aspect, a voltage gain that is twice as high as that of the conventional solar sign load lighting method of the first aspect of the present invention is achieved. .

Next, the operation of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the second aspect of the present invention will be specifically described. First, the channel operation of the inverter will be described with reference to FIG. That is, these two inverters 6, 7
In the channel operation of, the positive-side channel S1 of the inverter 6 and the negative-side channel S4 of the inverter 7 are coupled, and the negative-side channel S of the inverter 6 is coupled.
2 and the channel S3 on the plus side of the inverter 7 are coupled to carry out a conduction (ON) operation, and the channel conduction operation of the two inverters 6 and 7 is reversed with the plus side and the minus side reversed. , Inverted synchronization.

In this way, the voltage polarities applied to both ends of the LCR circuit (RC circuit in FIG. 9B), which is a load circuit, are inverted and replaced every half cycle.
The current flowing through the load circuit during each half cycle ends in being latched at the quadratic zero-cross phase point.

Since the channel switches of the two inverters such as S1, S4 or S2, S3 are zero cross switches, they are cut off (OFF) at the first zero cross phase point, but at the first zero cross phase point. The current component whose phase (direction) is reversed is circulated through the reverse current bypass diodes D1, D4 or D2, D3, and the current flowing through the load circuit starts only at the secondary zero-cross phase point where the current value becomes zero again. This is because the pinning will be stopped.

Next, the operation of the load lighting circuit according to the second aspect of the present invention will be described by selecting some from the examples of FIGS. 30 to 51.

In FIG. 30 and FIG. 31, the pulse signal f oscillated by the oscillator 1 is divided into two signal systems f1 and f2 which are shifted by a half cycle by the pulse selector 2 and the pulse inverter 3. f1 makes the main switch pair S1 and S4 forming the channel switches of the two inverters 6 and 7 conductive (ON), and f2 makes the main switch pair S2 and S3 conductive (ON).

In this way, the main switch pair S1, S4
While the main switch pair S2 and S3 are alternately conducted (ON), S1 to S4 are zero-cross switch thyristors having a positive feedback characteristic in FIG. 30, and also in FIG. It is formed by a zero-cross switch triac having a positive feedback characteristic, and the return current is collected from the ground terminal 100 toward the positive power supply terminal 91 via the diodes D1, D4 and D2, D3, respectively.

32 and 33 show the main switch S forming the channel switch of the two inverter circuits 6 and 7.
1 to S4 are each a photo thyristor coupler (PSC1
~ PSC4), Phototriac coupler (PTC1 ~
PTC4) is used, and the positive pulse f3 of the pulse signal generated from the oscillator 1 is PSC1 and PSC4.
Alternatively, S1 and S4 are made conductive (ON) at the same time by flowing the photodiodes of PTC1 and PTC4, and a negative pulse f4 makes S2 and S3 be made conductive at the same time by flowing through the photodiodes of PSC2 and PSC3 or PTC2 and PTC3. In this way, f3 and f4 are alternately conducted while coupling the pair S1 and S4 and the pair S2 and S3, respectively, and these functions as a zero cross switch mechanism due to the zero cross switch function of the thyristor or triac.

Next, the operation of the embodiments according to claim 5 (and 6) of the present invention will be described.
39 and 43) will be described in detail, but the difference in the embodiment between them is derived from the difference in the combination of the main switch and the auxiliary switch, and the difference will be described first. I'll do it.

In FIG. 38, a normal switch element (that is, a switch element having neither a positive feedback characteristic nor a zero cross switch characteristic) is used for the main switch, and a drive signal system having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero cross switch characteristic is used for the auxiliary switch. Optically coupled triacs (phototriac couplers) are used.

In FIG. 39, a thyristor having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero-cross switch characteristic is used for the main switch, and a single transistor, which is a normal switch element, is used for the auxiliary switch without being optically coupled to the drive signal system.

In FIG. 43, a switch element (in this case, a thyristor) having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero-cross switch characteristic is used for both the main switch and the auxiliary switch, and the auxiliary switch is optically coupled to the drive signal system. It is a thing.

The operation principle of the load lighting circuit of the solar sine according to claim 5 (and 6) of the present invention will be described first with reference to FIG. 38 which is one of the embodiments. When the positive pulse of the pulse signal generated from is coming, this positive pulse flows through the photodiodes of the phototriac couplers PTC1 and PTC4, and the triacs of PTC1 and PTC4 are turned on at the same time. This time, the positive power supply terminals 91 to 110 and 11 are connected.
A small auxiliary current flows toward the ground terminal 100 through the auxiliary path between the load circuit 8 and the load circuit 8 bridged between the load circuits 115 and 135 and the auxiliary path between the load circuits 135 and 140. Of the resistors R11 and R12 inserted in one of the auxiliary paths, both ends of R12 (hence C
S1 conducts (ON) due to the potential formed at both ends of 1
And the resistor R4 inserted in series in the other auxiliary path
1. Of R42, both ends of R42 (thus both ends of C4)
S4 becomes conductive due to the potential formed in the
It flows to the load circuit 8 through S4.

When the current flowing through the load circuit reaches the primary zero-cross phase point, PTC1, PTC4 are cut off (OFF) by the zero-cross function of the triac, the auxiliary current flowing through the auxiliary path is cut off, and the gate potentials of S1 and S4 are cut off. Is eliminated, and the zero cross switch mechanism of S1 and S4 is thus achieved.

Even if S1 and S4 are closed (OFF), the reverse current flows back through D4 and D1 and is pinned at the secondary zero-cross phase point, and the dynamic system in this half cycle is stopped and completed. . When the next negative pulse comes, this time PS
C2, PSC3 and S2, S3 are coupled to perform the same operation.

Furthermore, the operation principle of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign described in claim 5 will be described with reference to FIG. 39 which is one of the embodiments. First, when a positive signal current arrives from the oscillator 1 and C11 is charged to a constant potential, it discharges through the base terminals of the transistors TR1 and TR4, which are auxiliary switches inserted in the auxiliary path, and TR1 and TR2 become conductive, and the auxiliary path A small auxiliary current flows from the positive power supply terminal Vout 91 toward the ground terminal 100 through the capacitors C1 and C4 and the load circuit 8 inserted in the capacitor C1 and C4, and their charging potentials are at a constant potential (that is, S1). , S4 trigger potential)
When the charge reaches C1, C4 is discharged through the gate terminals of S1 and S4, S1 and S4 are ignited, and the main current flows into the load circuit 8.

Next, when the current value flowing through the load circuit 8 (thus S1, S4) reaches the primary zero-cross phase point, S
1, S4 is cut off (OFF) due to its own zero-cross switch characteristic, and the reverse current is fed back through D1 and D4 and pinned at the secondary zero-cross phase point, and in a half cycle (unipolar period). Ends the dynamic system.

Further, the operation principle of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign described in claim 5 (and 6) will be explained with reference to FIG. 43 which is one of the embodiments. A pulse signal generated from the oscillator 1 will be described. When the positive pulse comes in, this positive pulse is the photothyristor coupler PSC1, P
It flows through the photo diode of SC4, PSC1, P
SC4 thyristors are conducting at the same time, this time with the auxiliary path between the positive power terminals 91 to 110 and 115 and 1
The ground terminal 100 through the auxiliary path between the load circuit 8 and 135 and 140, which is cross-linked between 15 and 135.
A small auxiliary current flows while charging the capacitors C1 and C4 toward, but R1 of the resistors R11 and R12 inserted into one of auxiliary paths through which the small auxiliary current flows is R1.
A branch current flows from the auxiliary path to the gate terminal of S1 due to the potential difference formed at both ends of the capacitor 2 (that is, the potential at both ends of the capacitor C1), C1 is discharged, and S1 is turned on (ON), and the other one is turned on. Of the resistors R41 and R42 inserted in series in the auxiliary path, a branch current flows from the auxiliary path into the gate terminal of S4 and discharges C4 due to the potential difference formed across R42 (that is, the potential across the capacitor C4). At the same time, S4 is turned on (ON), and the main current flows to the load circuit 8 through S1 and S4.

When the current flowing through the load circuit reaches the primary zero-cross phase point, PSC1, PSC4, S1 and S4 are shut off (OFF) by the zero-cross function of the thyristor.
Thus, the zero cross switch mechanism of S1 and S4 is formed.

The reverse current flows back through D4 and D1 even if S1 and S4 are cut off (OFF), and is pinned at the secondary zero-cross phase point, and the dynamic system in this half cycle is stopped and completed. When the next negative pulse comes, this time PS
C2, PSC3 and S2, S3 are coupled to perform the same operation.

As will be understood from the detailed description of the above operation, the operation of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention is such that the unsteady oscillating current (FIG. 3) as a so-called transient phenomenon flowing through the load circuit is generated every half cycle. The polarity is switched by pinning / latching at the secondary zero-cross phase point.
The dynamic system of the current flowing through the load circuit is completed and completed every half cycle.

As a result, the state of the current flowing through the load circuit every half cycle does not change each time the polarity of the inverter is switched, so that the state of the current flowing through the load circuit shifts to the steady state as it is. Even if the switching frequency is changed, its shape (current waveform within a half cycle) does not change. Only ΔT contracts in FIG. 4 or FIG. 12, and the waveforms snuggle up to each other. The waveform is unaffected.

Conversely, when the load capacitance C is changed, the time constant τ
Only ₁ and τ ₂ change accordingly, the basic pattern of the current / voltage waveform does not change, and the frequency is not affected. This means that a stable load lighting method can be obtained against changes in the switching frequency of the inverter and changes in the load capacity. By setting the frequency variably, the lighting brightness and power consumption of the load can be set arbitrarily. It also means that the load lighting system can handle a wide range of load capacitance (EL area in the case of EL).

Therefore, in the solar sign using the load lighting circuit of the present invention, in the lighting time zone of the load,
By switching the polarity switching frequency of the inverter, it is possible to switch the light emission brightness and power consumption of the load in an appropriate time zone.

Further, it is possible to use time-divisional driving, which is generalized as a liquid crystal driving method, for lighting the EL segment, and thus it is possible to change the combination of light emission patterns while maintaining the same light emission luminance. Becomes

The operation of the load lighting circuit relating to the time division drive of the solar sign in the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments. First, referring to FIG. 57 as an embodiment relating to claim 7, in the load circuit, the current flowing between the terminal 61 and the load cyclic distribution switch circuit 810, that is, the inductor L, is It, and the light emitter branch paths 801, 802, 803. ,. ． , 80n are I1, I2, I3 ,. ． ． , In, and 833 of the load selection switches are in the OFF state and the other are in the ON state, It, I1, I2, I3 ,. ． ． , I
The time waveform of n is as shown in FIG. In this case I
Let T be the period of t 1, I 1, I 2, I 3 ,. ． ． , I
Each n has a current waveform having a cycle of n · T. In this case, for example, the current waveform Ii flowing through the i-th light emitter branch path is as shown in FIG. 14, and if attention is paid only to the i-th element, the frequency of the inverter is 1
This is the same as driving at a frequency of / n.

In this case, the waveform of Ii does not change (that is, is not affected) no matter how the combinations of the light emission selections of the other light emitting elements are changed, so that the luminance is changed or influenced by the change of the light emission selections of the light emitting elements. It is possible to obtain a solar sign as a display system in which the light emitting pattern can be recombined or rewritten without incident.

The operation of the time division drive described with reference to FIG. 57 is common to the first and second aspects of the present invention.

Regarding the operation of the time-division driving method, it is necessary to supplement the description in addition to the above-mentioned operation, for example, in the embodiment of the time-division load lighting circuit described in claim 9. In 62, an inverter bridge circuit (671 to 67)
i) The upper and lower phases (plus / minus) of the current waveform It flowing out of the shared inductor L appearing outside of i) are inverted in the even period as compared with the waveform shown in FIG. .

As described above, in the load lighting system of the solar sign according to the present invention, it is possible to change or rewrite the light emitting pattern whose brightness does not change by such time-division driving. This is because the dynamism is completed every polarity period of the inverter. For example, if a conventional self-excited inverter lighting system in which the frequency of the inverter is affected by the load capacity is used, such a time-division drive lighting system may not work from the beginning. Be understood.

The current flowing through the load circuit has a half cycle (1
Pinning at the secondary zero-cross phase point every
Since it is latched, the current is circulated back to the power supply side as a reverse current between the primary zero-cross phase point and the secondary zero-cross phase point, and the energy saving effect is achieved.

Further, in the lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention, the switching of the current by the inverter (ON / OF
In F), energy loss due to so-called switching loss is eliminated because the current is always performed at a current value of zero. This zero-cross switch mechanism may use a zero-cross switch element such as thyristor or triac in the first place, but if an auxiliary switch with positive feedback characteristics and zero-cross switch characteristics is used, the FET or transistor is used as the main switch. It is also possible.

In the solar sine load lighting circuit according to the second aspect of the present invention, two inverters sharing a DC input power source are used to bridge the load circuit between their output terminals to apply the voltage across the load circuit. Since the polarity is alternately switched every half cycle, the DC input power supply to the inverter need only be of single mode, and need not be of dual mode such as the conventional solar sign load lighting circuit.

Therefore, for example, if the AC voltage value in the load circuit is at the same level as the conventional solar sine, the absolute value of the input DC power supply voltage to the inverter circuit is
Only half of the conventional case is required, and the voltage utilization efficiency is greatly improved.

Further, it is not necessary to use a dual mode DC-DC converter as in the conventional solar sine to boost the voltage from a single mode DC power source to obtain a DC input power source for the inverter circuit. A DC converter is sufficient.

Further, in the solar sign according to the second aspect of the present invention, the capacitive load in which the buffer capacitor bridge-connected between the DC input power terminals of the inverter circuit is partially connected in series with EL is also used. Since it does not come in as a part of the load circuit, it does not cause unnecessary power consumption which forms an extra load in the load circuit.

As a result of these comprehensive operations, the solar sign according to the present invention consumes 30% to 50% less power than the conventional solar sign, and a significant improvement in energy saving is achieved. To be achieved.

In addition, the voltage gain at the load is improved by a factor of two compared with the conventional one, and in addition, the dual mode DC-D is added.
Since it can be manufactured by a single mode DC-DC converter without the need for a C converter, the range of parts procurement can be expanded and the economic merit in manufacturing can be increased.

[0145]

The present invention will be described in detail below based on preferred embodiments. FIG. 15 is an example of a system block diagram forming a solar sign, and the electromotive force generated by the solar cell 11 is stored in the secondary battery 12 by switching the charge / discharge switching switch 14 in the controller 13 to the charging side. At night, the load is switched to the discharge side, the load lighting circuit 15 is supplied with power from the secondary battery 12, and the load is lit. Incidentally, here, the controller 13 and the charge / discharge switching switch may be any one used in a solar cell utilizing system such as a conventional solar sign, and there is no particular limitation as long as it can be used.

16 to 22 show an example of the configuration of the load circuit in the load lighting circuit. In the figure, L is an inductor, EL is EL, C is a bipolar capacitor, and 4 is a diode. The circuit, 5 is a resistive light emitter. As the resistive light-emitting body, for example, a white light bulb, a cold cathode tube, a neon tube or the like is targeted. FIG. 23 shows an example of a diode circuit that allows a bidirectional current to flow. Reference numeral 16 is a row of light emitting diodes, and the alternating current flowing through the load circuit is forwarded by these light emitting diodes in either direction. Can flow in the direction.

24 to 29 show examples of embodiments of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the I-th aspect of the present invention, in which one end of the load circuit 8 is the output of the inverter. It is connected to the terminal 61 and the other end is grounded. + E is a positive power supply terminal, -E is a negative power supply terminal, C6 and C7 are buffer capacitors,
PSC1 and PSC2 are photothyristor couplers, S + and S- are positive and negative main switches, 1 is a signal transmitter, and f3 and f4 are positive and negative signal pulses, respectively.

24 and 25, a photothyristor and a phototriac coupler are used for the main switch, and positive and negative main switches S + and S- are alternately opened (O) via the photocoupler by the pulse signal from the oscillator 1.
N) and supplies an alternating current to the load circuit 8, and the positive and negative main switches maintain their conduction state by the action of the current flowing through them once they are ignited and conducted due to their positive feedback characteristics and zero-cross switch characteristics. When the main current reaches the first-order zero-cross phase point, it is turned off by the zero-cross switch characteristic, and the reverse current due to the action of the LCR circuit that constitutes the load circuit 8 is returned / recovered to each power supply side through the bypass diodes D + and D-. A half-cycle (unipolar period) dynamic system is completed at the secondary zero-cross phase point.

26 to 29 show an auxiliary circuit provided in the inverter circuit. In each of the photothyristor couplers inserted in the auxiliary path, the drive signal system and the inverter circuit are optically coupled and electrically connected. It is separated.

Of these, in FIGS. 26 and 27, a transistor and an FET having neither a positive feedback characteristic nor a zero crossing switch characteristic are used in the main switch, and the auxiliary switch photocoupler has a positive feedback characteristic and a zero crossing switch characteristic. I have a photothyristor coupler. In this case, if the auxiliary switch has a positive feedback characteristic and a zero cross switch characteristic,
Other than those shown in the figure, for example, a thyristor, a triac, a phototriac coupler or the like can be used. R11, R12, R21 and R22 are resistors inserted in the auxiliary path, which form / divide a potential formed by a minute auxiliary current flowing in the auxiliary path and define the current value thereof. C1 and C2 are capacitors.

28 and 29, a thyristor and a triac having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero-cross switch characteristic are used in the main switch, respectively, and the drive signal system and the inverter circuit are optically coupled in the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path. In this case, a photothyristor coupler is used as the photocoupler, but in this case, the main switch has a positive feedback characteristic and a zero-cross switch characteristic, so the auxiliary switch photocoupler does not necessarily have the same characteristics. It is not necessary to use the one having, and, for example, a phototransistor is sufficient.

26 to 29 correspond to claim 3 in which an optical switch (photocoupler) is used for the auxiliary switch, these figures and their figures are not shown again. If the auxiliary switch pointed out in the supplementary explanation is replaced with a non-optically coupled one, an embodiment corresponding to claim 2 can be obtained.

FIG. 30 to FIG. 51 show the II of the present invention.
In the figure, one example of the embodiment of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign is shown respectively. In the figure, both ends of the load circuit 8 are bridge-coupled to the output terminals 61 and 71 of the two inverters 6 and 7, and the transmission is performed. The inverter channels S1 and S4 and S2 and S3 are opened (ON) while being coupled by the pulse signal generated from the device 1.

The pulse signal generated from the oscillator 1 in each of the above figures does not necessarily have to be a so-called pulsed signal, as long as it can ignite a thyristor, a triac, a photo coupler or the like. The signal may be a periodic signal having a rise time width of τ or less.

In each of the above figures, S1, S2, S
All of S3 and S4 have the zero-cross switch mechanism, but the minimum requirement of the zero-cross switch mechanism is one of S1 and S4, and one of S2 and S3. The other two are known, and the other two are known if the conduction (ON) time width in one polarity period (half cycle) is τ ₁ or more (naturally less than half cycle). Good. However, as a matter of fact, using the zero-cross switch mechanism and those not using them in pair while synchronizing them makes the control mechanism rather complicated (for example, since the signal specifications for driving are different for both). It will be easier to manufacture and explain if it is unified with the zero cross switch mechanism. Therefore, in each of the above drawings, it is assumed that the zero cross switch mechanism is used.

In addition to the thyristors, triacs, and photo couplers thereof, S1 to S4 may be, for example, a transistor circuit which is a zero cross switch circuit having a positive feedback characteristic.

First, an example of an embodiment of a load lighting system (circuit) according to claim 5 of the present invention is shown in each of FIGS. 39 and 42. In FIGS. 39 and 42, thyristors are used for the main switches S1 to S4 of the channels of the inverter circuits 6 and 7, and transistors or FETs are used for the auxiliary switches of the auxiliary path. Alternatively, a part of or is applied as a gate current to the gates of the main switches S1 to S4 to control the firing / conduction (ON) operation of S1 to S4.

Explaining this with reference to FIG. 39, a positive signal pulse current flows in the signal path and the capacitor C1 is instantaneously supplied.
1 is discharged and is discharged through the bases of the auxiliary switches TR1 and TR4, and TR1 and TR2 are momentarily conducted, and a pulsed auxiliary current flows in the auxiliary path, then C1 and C4 are instantaneously charged, and the main switch S1 of the thyristor is turned on. , S
4 is discharged through the gate of S4 and thus S1 and S4 are ignited, and the main current flows to the load circuit 8 through S1 and S4. Once the main switch has been conducted, the main switch maintains the conduction state by the action of the current flowing through itself (positive feedback characteristic), and the zero-cross switch function is achieved by the zero-cross switch characteristic inherent in the thyristor of the main switch, and the primary zero-cross phase. At the point, it turns off. The same applies even if a triac is used instead of the thyristor for the main switches S1 to S4.

The reverse current flows through the bypass diodes D1 and D4.
Is returned and collected through and the dynamic system is completed at the second zero-cross phase point. The case of FIG. 42 is almost the same, and the auxiliary switch FE is changed by the potential of C11 (or the potential difference of R13) charged by the positive pulse signal.
A gate potential of T is formed, and by its action, the auxiliary switch becomes conductive, a current flows in the auxiliary path, and the main switch is ignited and made conductive. The charge of C11 is self-discharged through the resistor R13.

The main switch is shown in FIGS. 39 and 42 above.
Other than the thyristor and the triac shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a zero cross switch circuit having a so-called positive feedback characteristic such as a zero cross switch circuit having a positive feedback characteristic obtained by combining transistors can be applied, and those using these are also applicable. It is an object of the load lighting circuit in the present invention.

In FIGS. 39 and 42, a non-zero cross switch having no positive feedback characteristic such as a transistor or FET is used as the main switch, and a zero cross switch having positive feedback characteristic is used as the auxiliary switch of the auxiliary path. Alternatively, a zero-cross switch having a positive feedback characteristic may be used for both the main switch and the auxiliary switch, and both configurations are included in the load lighting circuit of the present invention.

Next, an embodiment of the load lighting circuit shown in each of FIGS. 34 to 38 relates to claim 6.

In each of FIGS. 34 to 37, a transistor or a switch circuit obtained by combining transistors is used for the main switches S1 to S4 of the channels of the inverter circuits 6 and 7, and a photothyristor is used for the auxiliary path. Coupler thyristor (Figure 34, Figure 35)
Alternatively, a triac (Fig. 36, Fig. 37) of a photo triac coupler is inserted as an auxiliary switch, and a part of a small auxiliary current flowing through the auxiliary path is applied as a base current to the base terminal of the main switch to act on S1 and S4. It has a zero-cross switch function.

In FIG. 38, FETs are used for the main switches S1 to S4 of the channels of the inverter circuits 6 and 7,
A triac of a phototriac coupler is inserted in the auxiliary path in series with a resistor as an auxiliary switch, and a small auxiliary current flowing through the resistance of the auxiliary path and a branch capacitor C1.
The potentials formed by the charging potentials charged in C4 to C4 are applied as gate voltages to the gate terminals of the main switch to cause S1 to S4 to have a zero-cross switch function. Needless to say, a photothyristor coupler can be used instead of the phototriac coupler as the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path.

In FIG. 38, the reverse current bypass diodes D1 to D4 are the main switching FETs (FT1 to FT1).
It is also possible to substitute the parasitic diode of FT4), and in that case, it may be omitted.

In each of FIGS. 34 to 38, a photo coupler is used for the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path, but a solid state relay incorporating a photo coupler may be used. In addition, these are not necessarily photocouplers, and a switch element or a switch circuit having a zero-cross switch characteristic in itself such as a zero-cross switch circuit having a positive feedback characteristic obtained by combining a normal thyristor or triac or a transistor is provided. Any of them can be applied, and the one using them is also the object of the load lighting circuit in the present invention described in claim 5.

Further, what can be used for the main switches S1 to S4 is a switch circuit (amplifier circuit) having an amplification characteristic such as an operational amplifier obtained by combining FETs and transistors other than those shown in FIGS. 34 to 38. It is applicable, and those using these are also the object of the load lighting circuit in the present invention.

The load lighting circuit shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 40 and 41 is also related to claim 6, and a thyristor having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero-cross switch characteristic is used for the main switch, and a photo is used as an auxiliary switch. A photo coupler such as a transistor coupler is used.

Next, each of FIGS. 43 to 51 also shows an example of the embodiment of the load lighting circuit according to claim 6 of the present invention, in which the main switch S1 of the channels of the inverter circuits 6 and 7 is shown. -S4 uses a thyristor or triac or a zero-cross switch of a transistor circuit having a positive feedback characteristic, and uses a thyristor of a photothyristor coupler or a part of a minute auxiliary current flowing through an auxiliary path in which a triac of a phototriac coupler is inserted as a gate current. As a result of applying and acting on the gates of the main switches S1 to S4,
It controls the channel conduction (ON) operation of S4, and the zero-cross switch function is achieved by the thyristor or triac or the zero-cross function inherent in the transistor circuit having the positive feedback characteristic.

Operation of load lighting circuit of FIG. 43 (principle of operation)
As described above, FIG. 44 is obtained by removing the resistors R12, R42, R32, and R22 from the auxiliary path of FIG. 43, and a positive signal pulse comes to PSC1 and PSC.
When C4 becomes conductive, C1 and C4 are charged, and when the potential reaches a certain level, S1 and S4 are discharged through the gate terminals of S1 and S4, and S1 and S4 are turned on, and the main current flows through the load circuit 8. The other points are almost the same as in FIG. 43.

45 and 46 are respectively FIGS. 43 and 44.
The photothyristor coupler is replaced with a phototriac coupler, and the operating principle is the same.

The transistor circuit constituting each of S1 to S4 shown in FIG. 47 has a zero cross switch function by itself, and is basically the same as the case of using a thyristor. In other words, since thyristors and trie-aaks can be basically considered to be a combination of transistors, various switch circuits of the load lighting circuit by combining a plurality of transistors can be considered, and the ones shown here are only one example. Nothing more than. In other words, it is no exaggeration to say that most of the zero-cross switch circuits can be the target if they are transistor circuits having a positive feedback characteristic.

Further, FIGS. 48 and 49 are obtained by replacing the thyristors of S1 to S4 of FIGS. 43 and 44 with triacs, respectively, and the operating principle is the same.

Further, in FIGS. 50 and 51, the photo-thyristor couplers of the auxiliary auxiliary switches inserted in the auxiliary paths of FIGS. 43 and 44 are replaced with photo-triac couplers, and the thyristors of the main switches S1 to S4 are replaced with triacs. However, the operation principle is the same.

The examples of the load lighting circuit according to the second aspect of the present invention shown in each of FIGS. 30 to 51 can be roughly classified as follows.

A) A method of directly driving and controlling a zero-cross switch having a positive feedback characteristic which constitutes a main switch of an inverter without using an auxiliary path by an input signal. : FIG. 30, FIG. 31, FIG. 32, FIG.

B) A method in which a zero cross switch having a positive feedback characteristic is inserted as an auxiliary switch in the auxiliary path, and a small auxiliary current flowing through the auxiliary path is amplified by the main switch of the inverter to be used as the main current flowing through the load circuit. : Figure 3
4, FIG. 35, FIG. 36, FIG. 37, FIG.

C) A normal switch (a non-zero cross switch having no positive feedback characteristic) is inserted as an auxiliary switch in the auxiliary path and is used as the main switch of the inverter by using the auxiliary current excited in the auxiliary path by the input signal. A method of igniting a zero-cross switch having a positive feedback characteristic that is active. : FIG. 39, FIG. 40, FIG. 41,
FIG. 42

D) A zero-cross switch having a positive feedback characteristic is used for both the auxiliary switch of the auxiliary path and the main switch of the inverter, and the main switch of the inverter is ignited by using the auxiliary current excited in the auxiliary path by the input signal.・ How to conduct electricity. : FIG. 43, FIG. 44, FIG.
46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51.

Further, as for the above-mentioned B), C), and D) provided with the auxiliary paths, those relating to claim 6 using an optical coupling (photocoupler) element in the auxiliary switch (FIG. 3).
4 to FIG. 38, FIG. 40, FIG. 41, FIG. 43 to FIG. 51) and those not (FIG. 39, FIG. 42).

In each of FIGS. 30 to 51, C5 is a buffer capacitor, 9 is a single mode DC-DC converter, and 81 is DC-DC.
Although it is the input terminal Vin to the converter, the buffer capacitor C5 is not always necessary if the power supply side has the capability of receiving the feedback current. On the contrary, as illustrated in FIG. 44, by inserting a backflow prevention diode D5 between the bridge point of the buffer capacitor C5 and the power supply terminal (91 or 100), the backflow current is prevented from returning to the power supply side, and the buffer current is blocked. It is also possible to make it completely absorbed by the condenser C5. Further, when the voltage of the power supply is sufficient, it is not always necessary to use the DC-DC converter, and the dual mode power supply can be used in the single mode as the input power supply.

Further, in each of FIGS. 30 to 50 and the description of the embodiments based on them, a thyristor or a triac or a photocoupler incorporating the thyristor or triac is mainly used as an element element constituting the zero-cross switch mechanism. Although it is used for the auxiliary switch and the auxiliary switch, other than those specifically exemplified, for example, GTO or PUT (PROGRAM).
ABLE UNIT-JUNCTION TRANSI
Reverse polarity type thyristor or dual gate type thyristor or SCS (SILI)
It is also possible to configure the zero-cross switch mechanism in a circuit manner using a switch element having a positive feedback characteristic such as CON CONTROLLED SWITCH).
A solar sign by a load lighting circuit that constitutes a zero-cross switch mechanism using these is also the subject of the present invention.

In the claims of the present invention and the description of the embodiments of the load lighting circuit, "a zero-cross switch element or a zero-cross switch circuit having a positive feedback characteristic" which is referred to everywhere is once in a firing / conduction state. When it becomes, the conducting state is maintained or promoted by the action of its own conducting current, and when the conducting current becomes zero (that is, when the zero crossing phase point is reached), it is automatically cut off (OFF) state, and the thyristor and triac are That is typical.

In the description of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention based on the drawings from FIG. 30 to FIG. 51, the relationship between the load circuit and the two inverter circuits 6 and 7 (that is, the configuration of the inverter bridge circuit). 9) is based on the one shown in FIG. 9A, but the load lighting circuit shown in each of FIGS. 30 to 51 is shown in FIG. 9B, that is, an inductor. It is extremely easy to rewrite the load lighting circuit arranged outside the inverter bridge circuit including L or further the R (resistance) equivalent component and the diode circuit. An example of rewriting from FIG. 43 is shown in FIG. Rewriting examples from other figures will be omitted because they are easily understood.

That is, FIG. 52 shows an inductor which is a part of the constituent elements of the load circuit 8 shown in FIG. 43 when the load circuit 8 has the construction shown in FIG. 17, FIG. 18, FIG. 21 or FIG. The L and the diode circuit 4 are arranged and coupled outside the inverter bridge circuit, and 19 in FIG. 52 is a partial load circuit in which the inductor L and the diode circuit 4 are removed from the load circuit 8 in FIG.

Further, in FIG. 52, the externally attached L and the position of the diode circuit 4 may be exchanged, or L may be exchanged.
Either one or both of the diode circuit 4 and the diode circuit 4 may be divided into a positive electrode side and a ground terminal side and arranged in series. Alternatively, although not shown, if the partial load circuit 19 is replaced with the load circuit 8 in FIG.
It can be considered that the inductor L and the diode circuit 4 are newly added to the load lighting circuit of the outside of the inverter bridge, but in this case, a part of the inductor and the diode circuit which are the constituent elements of the additional circuit are externally attached. It can also be considered as being.

In the case of a cold cathode tube, a starter circuit for applying a high voltage at the start of lighting (discharging) is required.
This may be a publicly known one, and illustration and description thereof will be omitted. The embodiment of the load circuit and the load lighting circuit shows the circuit configuration after lighting by the starter circuit.

Next, claim 7 relating to time-division drive of load
53, 54 and 55 show examples of the load circuit of the solar sign of the present invention described in FIGS. In the figure, 810 is a load cyclic distribution switch circuit, 830 is a load selection switch circuit, 831, 832, 833, 83.
Each n represents a load selection switch. EL1, EL
2, EL3 and ELn are EL light emitting elements, respectively.
1, 42, 43 and 4n are LED light emitting elements each composed of a diode circuit, and 51, 52, 53 and 5n are resistive light emitting elements respectively, C11, 12, C13 and C.
Each 1n represents a bipolar capacitor. In the figure, between terminals 811-821, 812-822, 813-
Reference numerals 823 and 81n to 82n denote light emitter branching paths. These light emitter branching paths can be represented by, for example, the i-th one as shown in FIG. 56.
The load circuit shown in Fig. 57 can be combined into the load circuit shown in Fig. 57. In the figure, a load cyclic distribution switch circuit 81
The positional relationship between 0 and the load selection switch circuit 830 can be exchanged.

This time division driving method will be described with reference to FIG. 57. Each light emitter branch path forming a series resonance system with the inductor L in the load circuit is controlled by the load cyclic distribution switch circuit 810 every cycle. 801 to 802
803 ,. ． ． , 80n in turn and removed from the load are removed from the load system by turning off the corresponding load selection switch. That is, load selection switches 831 to 83n ON / O
By switching the FF state, it is possible to switch the combination of the light emission selections of the light emitter elements.

If the load selection switch circuit 830 (load selection switches 831 to 83n) is removed from FIG. 57 (or FIG. 53, FIG. 54, or FIG. 55 may be used), the light emission patterns cannot be recombined, but a plurality of light emitters can be used. This is a load lighting circuit that lights up an element or a group of elements by time-division driving, and such a thing is naturally included in the object of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to claim 7 of the present invention.

Next, an embodiment according to claim 8 or 9 will be described. Claims 8 and 9 also relate to a time-division driving (lighting) method, and an inverter circuit in which a branch load circuit sharing the inductor L is formed and each branch partial load circuit of the branch load circuit is arranged in parallel with each other. (Claim 8) or bridge inverter circuit (Claim 9)
Is time-division driven (lighted), and each branch partial load circuit is a light emitter branch path.

First, an embodiment relating to claim 8 is shown in FIGS.
It will be described based on 9. An eighth aspect of the present invention relates to the first aspect of the present invention, in which the i-th branch partial load circuit of the branch load circuit sharing the inductor L (or the partial load circuit obtained by removing the inductor L from the load circuit is formed by branching). The i-th branch partial load circuit of the branched partial load circuit sequence described above is expressed as indicated by reference numeral 19i in (a) of FIG. 58, and this branch partial load circuit is the inverter according to the I-th aspect of the present invention. The i-th one of the inverter circuit string obtained by removing the oscillator 1 and the buffer capacitors C6 and C7, which is coupled between the output terminal and the ground terminal of the circuit, is represented by the block diagram shown in (b) of FIG. I will decide. In the figure, 32i is the i-th inverter circuit, 10i is its drive signal input terminal, and 20i, -20i, and 30i are the positive power supply input terminal, the negative power supply input terminal, and the ground terminal of the inverter circuit 32i, respectively.

Such inverter circuit rows 321, 32
2 ,. ． ． , 32i are arranged in parallel as shown in FIG.
Positive and negative common input terminals 210 and -210 and common ground terminal 3
10 is provided and one end of the inductor L forming a part of the series coupling component of the load circuit is connected to the common ground terminal 3 of the inverter.
The other end is connected to the ground terminal of the power supply. The drive signal from the oscillator 1 is the signal input terminal of each inverter circuit.
101, 102 ,. ． ． , 10i to form the signal cyclic distribution switch circuit 17, and the signal cyclic distribution switches 171, 172 ,. ． , 17i are sequentially switched while motivating the frequency of the signal, and the signal pulses are alternately or sequentially distributed to each inverter every period or every integer period to perform time-division driving.

Next, an embodiment of claim 9 relating to the parallel arrangement and time division driving of the bridge inverter circuit in the second mode of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 60 and 61. Figure 6
0 indicates the partial load circuit 19 from the load lighting circuit shown in FIG.
With the bridge inverter circuit section including
The DC-DC converter 9, the oscillator 1, the external inductor L and the diode circuit 4, and the buffer capacitor C5 are removed. In the figure, 10 is a signal input terminal from the oscillator, 20 is a plus side input terminal, and 30 is a ground side terminal. FIG. 52 is a rewritten version of FIG. 43.
It is very easy to derive the bridge inverter circuit as shown in FIG. 60 from the various load lighting circuits shown in each of FIGS. 30 to 51 and the description thereof. That is, from the load lighting circuit shown in each of FIGS. 30 to 51, the DC-DC converter 9, the oscillator 1,
Buffer condenser C5, backflow prevention diode D5
Then, the load circuit 8 may be replaced with the partial load circuit 19. That is, in addition to the one illustrated in FIG. 60, all the bridge inverter circuits obtained in this way are applicable to the bridge inverter circuit described in claim 6.

FIG. 61 is a block diagram schematically showing the i-th bridge inverter circuit of the bridge inverter circuit row obtained by arranging a plurality of the bridge inverter circuits thus obtained in parallel. 19i shown in (a) and (b) is a branch partial load circuit composed of a light emitter branch path, 67i shown in (b) is a bridge inverter circuit, and 20i and 30i are positive side and ground side terminals, respectively. 10i represents a signal input terminal from the transmitter.

FIG. 62 shows a case of a light emitter branching path array (191 to 19i) formed by bridge inverter circuit arrays (671 to 67i) obtained by arranging a plurality of bridge inverter circuits shown in FIG. 61B in parallel. In the embodiment of the load lighting circuit related to the split drive (lighting) method, 210 is a common input terminal on the plus side, 310 is a common ground terminal on the ground side,
1 is an oscillator, f3 and f4 are positive and negative signal pulses respectively, 17 is a signal cyclic distribution switch circuit for sequentially switching and distributing the signal pulse to each bridge inverter circuit, 171 to 17i are signal cyclic distribution switches, 101 10i are signal input terminals of respective bridge inverter circuits, 201 to 20i, 301 to 3
0i is the plus side and ground side terminals of each bridge inverter circuit, C5 is a buffer capacitor, D5 is a backflow prevention diode, and L is an inductor. D5 is not always necessary, and C5 may not be necessary if the power supply side has a sufficient capacity to accept reverse current.

That is, in FIG. 62, the oscillation signal sent from the oscillator 1 is sequentially transmitted by the signal cyclic distribution switch circuit 17 every one cycle or every integer cycle to the bridge inverter circuits 671, 672 ,. ． , 67i, and bridge inverter circuits 671, 67
2 ,. ． ． , 67i are sequentially driven, and the light emitter branch paths 191, 192 ,. ． ． , 19i illuminant elements or element groups are sequentially turned on.

Next, the embodiment of claim 10 will be described with reference to claim 8 or 9, which is the same as the load lighting circuit shown in FIG. 59 or 62, for example, as shown by reference numeral 830 in FIG. By providing a load selection switch circuit, it is possible to rearrange the lighting of the light emitting element or the group of light emitting elements. As the position where the load selecting switch is provided, in the case of FIG. 59, the ground terminals 301 and 302 of the respective inverters are provided. ,. ． ． , 30i and the branch partial load circuits 191, 192 ,. ． ． , 19i, or the signal input terminals 101, 102, 10i of each inverter
And each inverter circuit 321, 322 ,. ． ． , 32i.

In FIG. 62, between 211 and 201, 2
Between 12 and 202, between 21i and 20i, or 31
Between 1 and 301, between 312 and 302, 31i and 30i
Or between the partial load circuits (light emitter branch paths) 191, 192 ,. ． ． , 19i. Further, for example, between the drive signal distribution branch paths 171 and 101, between 172 and 102, and between 17i and 1
It may be inserted between 0i to select the drive of the bridge inverter circuit itself.

There is no particular restriction on the way of arranging these load selection switches.
All possible arrangements are subject to the load lighting circuit of the present invention.

Next, an embodiment relating to claim 11 of the present invention will be described. This is to switch the load lighting (light emission) brightness of the solar sign according to the lighting time period,
This is possible by switching the lighting frequency of the load lighting circuit according to the present invention depending on the time zone. This kind of load lighting method is possible because the load circuit dynamism is completed every half cycle (unipolar period) in the solar sign load lighting method, which has already been explained elsewhere. This is because the AC frequency flowing through can be set arbitrarily.

Therefore, according to the load lighting method of the solar sign of the eleventh aspect, for example, in the embodiments of the load lighting circuit shown in each of FIGS. 24 to 52 and FIGS. 59 and 62, the oscillator is used. Since the frequency of the signal generated from 1 can be switched depending on the time zone, the time can be set automatically by an appropriate timer circuit and the transmission frequency can be switched.

Next, FIG. 63 shows a so-called 7-segment number rewriting pattern as one embodiment of a solar sign display system in which the light emission pattern can be recombined (rewritten) by time division driving (lighting). . That is, by forming each of the seven segments by the light emitting element, the numbers can be rewritten by changing the light emitting pattern.
Furthermore, by constructing each of the seven segments as described above in a structure in which the light-emitting element (segment) and the liquid crystal segment are arranged as the same segment with the light-emitting segment facing downward, the light-emitting combination of the light-emitting segments (rewriting) is performed. ) And a liquid crystal segment can be used for a solar sign that has a display system that can be selectively used at night and day.

For example, in this case, as shown in FIG. 64, a special plastic lens formed in a blind shape between the light emitting body (EL) segment and the liquid crystal segment (LC) in each segment is used to form a peak ( A lens layer (PL) in which a colored layer (usually black) (850) is printed on the edge line
All EL segments are turned off during the day, and the numbers are rewritten by switching the scattering (reflection) / transmission mode of the liquid crystal segment (in this case, the segment of the liquid crystal segment in the transmission mode is changed by the effect of the plastic lens layer). When viewed from the outside, it looks like the color of the colored layer, and when the liquid crystal segment is in the scattering mode, the external light is scattered and reflected and looks whitish when viewed from the outside.) At night, all the liquid crystal segments are in the scattering mode and the light emitting (EL) segment Rewrite the number by recombining the light emission pattern with only (in this case, the light from the light emitting segment passes through the valleys of the plastic lens to reach the liquid crystal segment and is scattered).

A preferred embodiment of the solar sign according to the present invention is shown in each of FIGS. 65 to 69. (A) in the figure
Is a view from the front, (B) is a view from the side, (AB) of FIG. 68 is a view from a direction perpendicular to the display surface, and (H1) and (H2) of FIG. In the plan view, (H1) is a solar cell roof, and (H2) is a pillar (base).
FIG. In the figure, 111 is a solar cell panel.
50 is a roof for mounting the solar cell panel, 200
Is an internally illuminated display surface by a solar sign, 300 is a display box or display device, and 400 is a support or a base. Baseline G indicates the ground or ground level at which the solar sign is installed.

[0215] In the solar sign of the present invention, how the light emitter load is incorporated into the work is not particularly specified. For example, in the case of an internally illuminated display (sign), it is shown in Fig. 70 or 71. As described above, the display pattern is directly printed or pasted on the EL plate surface by directly using the EL panel which is a surface light emitter as a backlight (FIG. 70), or the display content is placed on the front surface of the EL panel. Another transparent plate surface is formed (FIG. 71). In some cases, it is also effective to form the EL light emission pattern as it is as a display pattern to emit light (FIG. 72).

Alternatively, if the EL panel and the liquid crystal panel are combined and the EL panel is used as a liquid crystal backlight, it becomes a rewritable solar sign with visible display contents even at night. In such a case, for example, by inserting a blind-shaped plastic lens layer similar to that shown in FIG. 64 between the front liquid crystal panel and the rear EL panel,
In the daytime, the EL panel is turned off, and the display content is rewritten by switching the external light scattering / reflecting mode by the liquid crystal. At night, the EL panel is turned on as a liquid crystal backlight and the liquid crystal panel is scattered. By rewriting the mode and the transparent mode, it is possible to obtain a solar sign display method in which the display content can be rewritten throughout the day and night.

In this case, rewriting at night is as follows.
When the liquid crystal is in the transmissive mode due to the refraction effect of the back light from the plastic lens, the colored layer (usually black) applied to the peaks (the edge line) on the back of the plastic lens is visible and recognized as the non-light emitting part. In the scattering mode, the liquid crystal scatters and transmits the backlight light that has passed through the valleys of the plastic lens, so that the emission color of the EL panel as the backlight comes into the eye and is recognized as the light emitting portion.

Also, a transparent substrate (glass or acrylic plate, etc.) is used as a light guide, and light from an LED or a resistive light-emitting body is inserted as an edge light from the end face of the light guide formed on the back face of the light guide. A method (FIG. 73) of displaying a scattering display pattern by light emission is also typical.

In FIG. 74, for example, a resistive light-emitting body is used as an edge light, and a light-scattering pattern in the form of thin stripes or fine discrete shapes is formed on the back surface of the light guide (in this case, unevenness of light-emitting state is possible on the entire surface). In order to prevent such a problem, the pattern layout should be devised so that a light-scattering / transmissive display plate that transmits while scattering light is provided on the front surface of the light guide, and the display content is printed or a sheet is attached on the display plate surface. Is.

Further, by combining the backlight by the edge light and the liquid crystal panel thus obtained, it is possible to obtain a solar sign capable of rewriting the display content with visibility at night. Alternatively, if a liquid crystal enclosed panel (eg glass substrate) itself is used as a light guide for an edge light, the display can be rewritten by directly turning the liquid crystal on / off directly into the edge light transmission / scattering mode. Become.

In these cases, the EL panels shown in FIGS. 70, 71 and 72 all have the EL constituting the load circuit shown in FIG. 16 in mind.

It is also effective to combine EL and edge light by the configuration of the load circuit shown in FIG. 18 or 19. FIG. 75 shows an EL and an LED using the load circuit of FIG.
In the map display, EL is displayed as a backlight, and an edge light guide plate is provided in front of the map to display the current position in red with an LED edge light. is there.

In the case of an internally illuminated timepiece, it is preferable to use a number or the like for displaying the time on the EL panel or to attach a cutout sheet as the dial of the timepiece. In this case, it is necessary to make a hole in the EL panel in advance through the rotary shaft of the timepiece hands. FIG. 76 shows an example in which the dial of an internally illuminated timepiece is made up of an EL panel according to the present invention, and the configuration of the load circuit may be that shown in FIG. 16, for example.

Since the internally illuminated timepiece is also a timepiece, naturally, not only electric power for internal illumination but also power, electric power, electric circuit, etc. for driving the timepiece itself are necessary, but these use solar cells. A known one may be used. In terms of electricity, the internal lighting system using the solar sign and the drive system for the clock may be separate systems, or if the power supply voltage can be the same, the solar battery and the secondary battery may be shared (the drive voltage is set to the DC level). It is also possible to share the power supply voltage by using a DC-DC converter even when different from each other).

[0225]

Next, an experiment was conducted to confirm the effect of the load lighting method of the solar sign according to the present invention. The result is shown in the graph of FIG. In this experiment, five types of EL panels having a sheet resistance value of approximately 80 ohms or less and having substantially square shapes and different areas (30 CM □, 40 C
M □, 50CM □, 55CM □, 55CM X7
2CM) and prepare an illuminance of 15Lx
Adjust and set the frequency so that each LED emits light with a brightness of about 5 Cd / CM2 (brightness).
It is lit in three ways: (f) and (g).

(E) In the conventional solar sign load lighting system, the DC input power to the inverter is + -50V dual mode (marked by □) (f) In the solar sign load lighting system according to the present invention,
The DC input power source to the inverter has a dual mode of + -50 V (aspect I) and a single mode of +50 V (aspect I).
I) (○ mark) (G) With the load lighting method of the solar sign according to the present invention,
DC input power to the inverter is + 100V single mode (marked with △)

As the input power source, a direct current power source was used in order to eliminate the influence of the difference in the characteristics of the DC-DC converter.

FIG. 77 plots the measurement results, and it can be seen that they are classified into belt-like regions (e), (e) and (e) in the figure. It is considered that the band-shaped graphs in these classifications are due to variations in characteristics (especially sheet resistance value) among ELs used.

The following effects are apparent from this graph. 1) The effect according to the present invention is more remarkable as the capacity (area in the case of EL) of the capacitive load (EL) which is the main load of the solar sign is larger, for example, E of 40 cm □.
When L is turned on, the power consumption of the load lighting method according to the present invention is about 80% of that of the conventional type even in the method (f), and about 70% when the 55 cm □ EL is turned on. Has become.

2) In this experiment, the input power supply voltage to the conventional load lighting circuit and the load lighting circuit in the Ith aspect of the present invention is + -50V, and the absolute value is 100V.
Since the input power supply voltage to the load lighting circuit of the solar sign in the second aspect of the present invention is 50 V in (f), the load circuit in (e) and (f) is as described above. The current and voltage waveforms flowing in the EL are almost the same, and although the voltage gain due to the rise of the applied voltage in the EL is not included, energy saving of 20% to 30% has been achieved, and the power supply voltage has been achieved. Is done in half. In the I-th aspect of the present invention, this is an improvement in the performance of the zero-cross switch mechanism (that is, reduction of energy loss in the signal / drive system due to the introduction of the optical coupling or / and the auxiliary path and the main switch). It is considered that this is due to the improvement of the reverse current recovery action of the LCR circuit due to the reduction of the ON resistance) and the effect of eliminating the influence of the buffer capacitor in the second embodiment of the present invention.

3) Next, in comparison of the load lighting methods (f) and (g) of the solar sign according to the present invention, (g) is energy saving of about 15% to 25% with respect to (g). Although this is an effect due to the voltage gain, it is the conventional solar sign load lighting system in which the absolute value of the power supply voltage is the same (e) and the present invention (g)
Compared with (e), 30% to 5% of (e)
It can be seen that an energy saving effect of 0% has been achieved.

From the above facts, it is clear that the effect of the present invention is remarkable in achieving the energy saving of the solar sign.

Next, this will be seen in the embodiment of the solar sign according to the present invention shown in FIG. Figure 6
The solar sign shown in 5 is the one letter 2 on the display surface.
00mm □ character display and upper route number display are displayed at night for almost full-time internal lighting, and the light emitting display surfaces are both front and back surfaces (2 surfaces) (both sides do not shine) ).

Since the size of characters displayed by light emission is approximately 20 cm □ to 22 cm □ in a letter face, an EL emission area of approximately 25 cm □ is required for each character, and if the surrounding band around the characters is also illuminated. Approximately 8,000c including both the route number display and both sides
An EL light emitting area of m2 is required, which is 4,000c using two solar sine load lighting circuits in which the input voltage to the inverter according to the present invention is single mode and 100V.
Assuming that each m2 is lit with a lighting illuminance of 15 Lx,
(In the case of a normal product in which the sheet resistance value of the EL used is approximately 80 ohms or less), the power consumption is 1.25 W, which is about 2.5 W in total.

In carrying out the calculation of the solar cell power generation amount, it is assumed that the roof unit composed of the four inclined surfaces is equipped with a single crystal silicon solar cell panel of 5.4 W output per surface (this is the roof surface). The size of the solar cell panel that can be mounted per surface is a single crystal silicon product, and the output angle is approximately 5.4 to 6 W), and the inclination angle (normal vector of the roof surface is The angle with the vertical line is 18 °, and the normal direction (the angle formed by the horizontal projection vector of the roof surface normal with the front direction) is + 33 °, -33 °, + 147 °, -147 °, respectively.
And

Calculation of the amount of solar cell power generation requires weather data for each season, direct sunlight conditions, and scattered sunlight conditions. Of these, the weather data for each season is based on data from the Japan Meteorological Agency. The values for the Tokyo area read from the meteorological data maps compiled for both are used, and the values are shown in Table 1.

[0238]

[Table 1]

The direct sunlight condition and the scattered sunlight condition of each season are set on the assumption of appropriate installation points, and the "incoming light amount measuring method, sunshine condition measuring method, and solar energy utilization" which are the inventions of the inventor of the present invention. System ”.

The solar cell power generation amount is calculated by calculating the direct solar radiation amount and the scattered solar radiation amount received by each solar cell surface, but the direct solar radiation amount is calculated by simulation in 1-minute steps for each roof. Every 1 minute; --- AIR MASS value --- Atmospheric attenuation --- While calculating the angle between the normal direction of each roof and the sun direction, etc. (Daylight hours) It is calculated by multiplying by the sunshine rate.

The sunshine rate is calculated by calculating the ideal amount of light received on the normal surface, and the actual amount of solar radiation directly reaching the normal surface (weather data).
It is calculated from the ratio of, and is a value lower than the mere clear weather rate. The ideal light amount on the normal surface is the amount of light received by the normal surface (the sunflower surface always facing the sun) when the sun is not blocked at all from sunrise to sunset.

The value of the amount of scattered radiation from the sky received by each solar cell surface is determined by multiplying the horizontal surface solar radiation quantity of the meteorological data by the scattered sunlight condition (sky aperture ratio) of each solar cell surface. Calculate the scattered solar power.

[0243] The scattered sunshine condition (sky aperture ratio) is the aperture ratio of the sky that an inclined surface sees in a terrain with obstacles when the aperture of a sphere (hemisphere) that the undisturbed horizontal plane sees is 100%. Therefore, it is a value set using a new solid angle concept defined by a value obtained by Lebesgue measure correction of the solid angle by the cosine value of the inclined surface normal azimuth and the opening azimuth, not the value of the solid angle. In this calculation, only diffused solar radiation from the sky is included in the calculation, and the reflected and scattered radiation amount from the surrounding buildings and other landscapes is ignored (zero evaluation) to treat it as a margin. It was

Table 2 shows the amount of solar cell power generation in each season calculated based on the above assumptions. The direct sunlight condition in the table indicates how many minutes before and how many minutes after direct sunlight the south central time is used as the reference, and the horizontal projection vector of each roof normal is the true south direction. The angle and the inclination angle represent the angle formed by the roof surface normal and the vertical line. In addition, the direct sunlight conditions and scattered sunlight conditions of the four seasons shown in the table are based on the surrounding topographical (landscape) data assuming a certain point in the Tokyo area, which is the invention of the prior application of the present inventor. Method, sunshine condition measuring method, and solar energy utilization system ”.

[0245]

[Table 2]

As described above, in the case of installation in such a place where the sunshine conditions are relatively good, it can be seen from Table 2 that the conditions of the winter season (winter solstice) are the most severe in spring, summer, autumn and winter. That is, the amount of power generated during the winter solstice, which is the least amount of power generated throughout the year, is about 43 W · HRS / day due to direct sunlight and scattered sunlight from the sky, but with the solar signature according to the present invention shown in FIG. Since the power consumption is about 2.5W, it becomes 43W · HRS / 2.5W = 17.2 hours, and it is possible to perform nighttime full-time internal lighting even in winter.

On the other hand, it is clear from the graph of FIG. 77 that it is impossible (impossible) to illuminate with this power consumption if it is illuminated with the conventional solar sign load lighting method. Energy balance is not balanced.

That is, the design and shape design as the solar cell workpiece as shown in FIG. 65 can be established for the first time in the solar sign according to the present invention, and not limited to FIG. In the case of the solar sign as shown in each of FIGS. 66 to 69, it is possible to achieve the energy balance generally for the first time in the solar sign according to the present invention, though it depends on the installation environment, lighting time, and lighting brightness. Is like. The solar sign according to the present invention shown in FIG. 69 uses the solar sign system according to the present invention for the nighttime internal lighting system of a watch, and uses an EL panel for the dial of the watch (FIG. 76). It is composed of an internally illuminated watch.

Next, the effect regarding the time division driving (lighting) method will be supplemented. First of all, the solar sign using the time-division lighting method in the present invention realizes a light emitting display method capable of recombining the light emitting element or the element group in which the lighting emission brightness of the light emitting element or the element group does not change, This has already been explained everywhere.

However, it should be noted that the effects of the time-division lighting method according to the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and in addition, there are energy-saving effects. This is also a unique effect derived from the load lighting method of the present invention. First, referring to the graph of FIG. 77, this is an area-power consumption curve peculiar to the load lighting method in the present invention, and it can be seen that the relationship is non-linear. Ie 1 plus 1
It does not become 2 but becomes more than that. Therefore, for example, when two EL light-emitting plates of about 2,000 cm 2 are to be turned on, one light-emitting element is used instead of two EL light-emitting plates that are put together and lighted by one lighting circuit as an EL light-emitting plate of 4,000 cm 2. As a result, the power consumption can be reduced by alternately performing time-division driving and lighting when the light emission luminance is the same. This effect is a synergistic effect in addition to the original energy saving effect of the load lighting method of the present invention described above.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing basic shapes and dimensions of river name / park name signs by a conventional solar sign technology installed by the Yodogawa Construction Office of the Ministry of Construction in October 1992.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram in which a load circuit is likened to an LCR circuit.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing current / voltage waveforms of an unsteady oscillating current in an LCR circuit.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a current / voltage waveform of a steady current flowing through a load circuit.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a path of a charging current in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a path of a feedback current in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power supply voltage switching application method by an inverter to a load circuit in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a path of a charging current in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a path of a feedback current in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of current / voltage waveforms of a steady current flowing through a load circuit of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing waveforms of currents flowing through both ends and each branch path of a load circuit using a time division load driving (lighting) method in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a time series of a waveform of a current flowing through one of branch paths in a load circuit using a time division load driving (lighting) method in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a block configuration of an electrical system of a solar sign.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit in a load lighting circuit of a solar sign.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of a diode circuit in which a bidirectional current flows through a light emitting diode.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 44 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 45 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 46 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 47 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 48 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 49 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 50 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 51 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 52 is a diagram showing an example of a load lighting circuit of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 53 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit using a time-division load drive (lighting) method in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit using a time-division load driving (lighting) system in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 55 is a diagram showing an example of a load circuit using a time-division load drive (lighting) system in a solar-sign load lighting circuit according to the present invention.

FIG. 56 is a diagram showing a notation of light emitter branch paths that constitute a load circuit using a time division load drive (lighting) method.

FIG. 57 is a diagram showing a configuration of a load circuit using a time-division load driving (lighting) system in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 58 is a block diagram showing a light emitter branching path and an inverter circuit in a load lighting circuit for a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 59 is a diagram showing an example of a block configuration of a load lighting circuit using a time-division load driving (lighting) system of inverter circuit rows arranged in parallel in a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 60 is a diagram showing an example of a bridge inverting circuit in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a block diagram showing a light emitter branching path and a bridge inverter circuit in the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a diagram showing an example of a block configuration of a load lighting circuit using a time-division load driving (lighting) system of bridge inverter circuit rows arranged in parallel in the solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 63 is a diagram showing an arrangement configuration of light-emitting element configured by 7 segments arranged for the purpose of rewriting numbers.

FIG. 64 is a diagram showing a cross section of a segment obtained by integrally forming a liquid crystal segment and an EL segment through a special plastic lens formed in a blind shape and having a colored layer on a ridge portion.

FIG. 65 is a diagram showing an example of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 66 is a diagram showing an example of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 67 is a diagram showing an example of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 68 is a diagram showing an example of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 69 is a diagram showing an example of a solar sign according to the present invention.

FIG. 70 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of an internally illuminated display method using an EL panel.

71 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of an internally illuminated display method using an EL panel. FIG.

FIG. 72 is a diagram showing a cross section of an EL panel in which a light emitting portion is patterned.

FIG. 73 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of a light emitting display method using an edge light by an LED.

[Fig. 74] Fig. 74 is a diagram illustrating an example of a cross section of an internally illuminated display method using an edge light with a resistive light-emitting body.

[Fig. 75] Fig. 75 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of a combination display method of internally illuminated display using an EL panel and light emission display using an edge light using LEDs.

FIG. 76 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of an internally illuminated timepiece that uses an EL panel for a dial.

FIG. 77 is a diagram showing a comparison of load power consumption of a solar sign according to the prior art of the inventor and a solar sign according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 pulse oscillator 2 pulse selector 3 pulse selector / inverter 4 diode circuit 5 resistive light emitter 6 inverter circuit 7 inverter circuit 8 load circuit 9 DC-DC converter 10 drive signal input terminal 11 solar cell 12 secondary battery 13 controller 14 Charge / discharge switching switch 15 Load lighting circuit 16 Light emitting diode array 17 Signal cyclic distribution switch circuit 19 Partial load circuit 20 Positive side input terminal 30 Ground side terminal 41, 42, 43, 4n LED light emitter elements each consisting of a diode circuit are shown. 51, 52, 53, 5n each represent a resistive emitter element. 61 Output Terminal of Inverter 71 Output Terminal of Inverter 81 Input Terminal of DC-DC Converter 91 Output Terminal of DC-DC Converter 100 Ground Terminal of DC-DC Converter 101, 102, 10i Signal Input Terminal of Each Inverter Bridge Circuit 110 Auxiliary One of the bridge points of the route terminal 111 Solar cell panel 115 One of the bridge points of the auxiliary route terminal 120 One of the bridge points of the auxiliary route terminal 130 One of the bridge points of the auxiliary route terminal 135 The bridge point of the auxiliary route terminal One 140 One of the bridge points of the auxiliary path terminal 150 The solar sign solar cell mounting roof body according to the present invention 171, 172, 17i Respective signal cyclic distribution switches 191, 192, 19i Light emitters forming branch partial load circuits Branching route 200 Solar sign of the present invention Display surface 201, 202, 20i Positive input terminal of each inverter circuit or bridge inverter circuit -201, -202, -20i Negative input terminal of each inverter circuit 210 Common input terminal on positive side -210 Common on negative side Input terminals 211, 212, 21i Respective contact points 300 Solar sign display device according to the present invention 301, 302, 30i Ground side terminals of respective inverter circuits or bridge inverter circuits 310 Common ground terminals 311, 312, 31i Respective contact points 321, 322 and 32i Inverter circuits 400 Solar pillars according to the present invention 500 EL panel 501 Glass layer 502 Transparent electrode layer 503 EL active layer 504 Ferroelectric layer 505 Back electrode layer 506 Insulator layer 07 Encapsulating / sealing layer 508 Insulating layer 509 Lead wire 510 Coloring layer 511 Opaque masking layer 512 Opaque masking layer for time display 600 Display plate (transparent substrate) 612 Display sheet or printing layer 671, 672, 67i Inverter bridge respectively Circuit 700 Transparent substrate for light guide 701 LED for edge light 702 Resistive light emitter for edge light 703 Light reflection cover 710 Light-scattering display (light-emitting) pattern 800 Light-scattering / transmissive substrate 801, 802, 803 80i and 80n respectively show branch routes. 811, 812, 813, 81i, 81n respectively show one terminal of the branch path. 821, 822, 823, 82i and 82n respectively show the other terminals of the branch paths. 810 shows a load cyclic distribution switch circuit. 830 shows a load selection switch circuit. 831, 832, 833, 83n respectively show load selection switches. 850 Coloring layer 900 Clock driving device 901 Rotating hands for time indication of clock 902 Rotating hands for time indication of clock 903 Rotation axis of clock hands EL EL (electroluminescence) EL1, EL2, EL3, ELn EL (electroluminescence) light emitters LC (liquid crystal panel) or liquid crystal segment (PL) plastic lens layer L Inductor C Capacitive load R Resistance D Diode D + Bypass diode for reverse current return current to the positive electrode side. D- Bypass diode for reverse current feedback to the negative side. D91, D92, D93, D94 show diodes respectively D1, D2, D3, D4 show reverse current feedback current bypass diodes respectively. D5 Backflow prevention diode + E, −E Indicates positive and negative DC power supplies, respectively. S switch S + Main switch forming the positive side channel of the inverter S- Main switch forming the negative side channel of the inverter S1, S2, S3, S4 Each shows the main switch forming the channel of the inverter circuit. f pulse signal f1, f2 pulse signal f3 positive pulse signal f4 negative pulse signal PSC1 to PSC4 Each shows a photothyristor coupler. PTC1 to PTC4 each show a phototriac coupler. PR1 to PTR4 are phototransistor couplers. TR1 to TR4 each represent a transistor. FT1 to FT4 each represent an FET (field effect transistor). C5, C6 and C7 respectively show buffer capacitors. C1, C2, 3 and C4 respectively show capacitors. C11, C12, C13, C1n are bipolar capacitors. C21 shows a bipolar capacitor. R11, R12, R21, R22, R23, R31, R
32, R41, R42 respectively show resistance. G Ground or ground level

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 15, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0115

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Next, the operation of the embodiment according to claim 5 (and 6) of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to each embodiment (FIG. 42, FIG. 34, FIG. 43). However, the difference between the embodiments between these is derived from the difference in the combination of the main switch and the auxiliary switch, and the difference will be described first.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0116

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In FIG. 42, a normal switch element (that is, a switch element having neither a positive feedback characteristic nor a zero cross switch characteristic) is used for the main switch, and a drive signal system having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero cross switch characteristic is used for the auxiliary switch. Optically coupled triacs (phototriac couplers) are used.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0117

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In FIG. 34, a thyristor having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero-cross switch characteristic is used for the main switch, and a single transistor, which is a normal switch element, is used for the auxiliary switch without being optically coupled to the drive signal system.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0118

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In FIG. 43, a thyristor is used in this case as a switch element having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero cross switch characteristic for both the main switch and the complementary rib switch, and the auxiliary switch is optically coupled to the drive signal system. It is a thing.

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0119

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Now, the operation principle of the solar sign load lighting circuit according to claim 5 (and 6) of the present invention will be described first with reference to FIG. 42 which is one of the embodiments. When the positive pulse of the pulse signal generated from is coming, this positive pulse flows through the photodiodes of the phototriac couplers PTC1 and PTC4, and the triacs of PTC1 and PTC4 are conducted at the same time, and this time, the positive power supply terminals 91 to 110 and 11
A small auxiliary current flows toward the ground terminal 100 through the auxiliary path between the load circuit 8 and the load circuit 8 bridged between the load circuits 115 and 135 and the auxiliary path between the load circuits 135 and 140. Of the resistors R11 and R12 inserted in one of the auxiliary paths, both ends of R12 (hence C
S1 conducts (ON) due to the potential formed at both ends of 1
And the resistor R4 inserted in series in the other auxiliary path
1. Of R42, both ends of R42 (thus both ends of C4)
S4 becomes conductive due to the potential formed in the
It flows to the load circuit 8 through S4.

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0122

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Further, the operation of the load lighting circuit of the solar sign according to the fifth aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, when a positive signal current arrives from the oscillator 1 and C11 is charged to a constant potential, it discharges through the base terminals of the transistors TR1 and TR4, which are auxiliary switches inserted in the auxiliary path, and TR1 and TR2 become conductive, and the auxiliary path A small auxiliary current flows from the positive power supply terminal Vout 91 toward the ground terminal 100 through the capacitors C1 and C4 and the load circuit 8 inserted in the capacitor C1 and C4, and their charging potentials are at a constant potential (that is, S1). , S4 trigger potential)
When the charge reaches C1, C4 is discharged through the gate terminals of S1 and S4, S1 and S4 are ignited, and the main current flows into the load circuit 8.

[Procedure Amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0132

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The operation of the load lighting circuit relating to the time division drive of the solar sign in the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments. First, referring to FIG. 57 as an embodiment relating to claim 7, in the load circuit, the current flowing between the left terminal of the load circuit and the load cyclic distribution switch circuit 810, that is, the inductor L, is It, and the light emitter branch paths 801, 802, 803 ,. ． , 80n are I1, I2, I3 ,. ． ． , In,
Of the load selection switches, 833 is OFF and the others are O
If it is in the N state, It, I1, I2, I
3 ,. ． ． , In have the time waveforms shown in FIG. In this case, if the cycle of It is T, then I1, I2, I
3 ,. ． ． , In each have a current waveform having a cycle of n · T. In this case, for example, the current waveform Ii flowing in the i-th light emitter branching path is as shown in FIG. 14, and if attention is paid only to the i-th element, it is driven at a frequency of 1 / n of the frequency of the inverter. It is the same as

[Procedure Amendment 8]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0163

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The pulse signal generated from the oscillator 1 in each of the above figures does not necessarily have to be a so-called pulsed signal, as long as it can ignite a thyristor, a triac, a photo coupler or the like. It is sufficient that the rising time width of the signal is a periodic signal having τ ₁ or less.

[Procedure Amendment 9]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0166

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

First, an example of an embodiment of the load lighting system (circuit) according to claim 5 of the present invention is shown in each of FIGS. 34 and 37. In FIGS. 34 and 37, thyristors are used for the main switches S1 to S4 of the channels of the inverter circuits 6 and 7, and transistors or FETs are used for the auxiliary switches of the auxiliary path. Alternatively, a part of the current is applied to the gates of the main switches S1 to S4 as a gate current to act as S,
This is to control the firing / conduction (ON) operations of 1 to S4.

[Procedure Amendment 10]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0167

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

This will be described with reference to FIG. 34. A positive signal pulse current flows in the signal path and the capacitor C1 is instantaneously supplied.
1 is discharged and is discharged through the bases of the auxiliary switches TR1 and TR4, and TR1 and TR2 are momentarily conducted, and a pulsed auxiliary current flows in the auxiliary path, then C1 and C4 are instantaneously charged, and the main switch S1 of the thyristor is turned on. , S
4 is discharged through the gate of S4 and thus S1 and S4 are ignited, and the main current flows through the load circuit 8 through S1 and S4. Once the main switch has been conducted, the main switch maintains the conduction state by the action of the current flowing through itself (positive feedback characteristic), and the zero-cross switch function is achieved by the zero-cross switch characteristic inherent in the thyristor of the main switch, and the primary zero-cross phase. At the point, it turns off. The same applies even if a triac is used instead of the thyristor for the main switches S1 to S4.

[Procedure Amendment 11]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0168

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The reverse current flows through the bypass diodes D1 and D4.
Is returned and collected through and the dynamic system is completed at the second zero-cross phase point. The case of FIG. 37 is almost the same, and the auxiliary switch FE is changed by the potential of C11 (or the potential difference of R13) charged by the positive pulse signal.
A gate potential of T is formed, and by its action, the auxiliary switch becomes conductive, a current flows in the auxiliary path, and the main switch is ignited and made conductive. The charge of C11 is self-discharged through the resistor R13.

[Procedure Amendment 12]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of correction target item] 0169

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The main switch is shown in FIG. 34 and FIG.
Other than the thyristor and the triac shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a zero cross switch circuit having a so-called positive feedback characteristic such as a zero cross switch circuit having a positive feedback characteristic obtained by combining transistors can be applied, and those using these are also applicable. It is an object of the load lighting circuit in the present invention.

[Procedure Amendment 13]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0170

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In FIGS. 34 and 37, a non-zero cross switch having no positive feedback characteristic such as a transistor or FET is used as the main switch, and a zero cross switch having positive feedback characteristic is used as the auxiliary switch of the auxiliary path. Alternatively, a zero-cross switch having a positive feedback characteristic may be used for both the main switch and the auxiliary switch, and both configurations are included in the load lighting circuit of the present invention.

[Procedure Amendment 14]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0171

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Next, an embodiment of the load lighting circuit shown in each of FIGS. 38 to 42 relates to claim 6.

[Procedure Amendment 15]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0172

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In each of FIGS. 38 to 41, a transistor or a switch circuit obtained by combining transistors is used for the main switches S1 to S4 of the channels of the inverter circuits 6 and 7, and a photo thyristor is used for the auxiliary path. Coupler thyristor (Figure 38, Figure 39)
Alternatively, a photoac triac (Fig. 40, Fig. 41) is inserted as a complementary rib switch, and a part of a small auxiliary current flowing through the auxiliary path is applied as a base current to the base terminal of the main switch to act as S1 and S4. It has a zero cross switch function.

[Procedure Amendment 16]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0173

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In FIG. 42, FETs are used for the main switches S1 to S4 of the channels of the inverter circuits 6 and 7,
A triac of a phototriac coupler is inserted in the auxiliary path in series with a resistor as an auxiliary switch, and a small auxiliary current flowing through the resistance of the auxiliary path and a branch capacitor C1.
The potentials formed by the charging potentials charged in C4 to C4 are applied to the gate terminals of the main switches as gate voltages and acted on them to give S1 to S4 a zero cross switch function. Needless to say, a photothyristor coupler can be used instead of the phototriac coupler as the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path.

[Procedure Amendment 17]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0174

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In FIG. 42, the reverse current bypass diodes D1 to D4 are the main switching FETs (FT1 to FT1).
It is also possible to substitute the parasitic diode of FT4), and in that case, it may be omitted.

[Procedure 18]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0175

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In each of FIGS. 38 to 42, a photo coupler is used for the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path, but a solid nutate relay incorporating a photo coupler may be used. In addition, these are not necessarily photocouplers, and a switch element or a switch circuit having a zero-cross switch characteristic in itself such as a zero-cross switch circuit having a positive feedback characteristic obtained by combining a normal thyristor or triac or a transistor is provided. Any of them can be applied, and the one using them is also the object of the load lighting circuit in the present invention described in claim 5.

[Procedure Amendment 19]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0176

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Further, what can be used for the main switches S1 to S4 is a switch circuit (amplifier circuit) having an amplification characteristic such as an operational amplifier obtained by combining FETs and transistors other than those shown in FIGS. 38 to 42. It is applicable, and the one using these is also a target of the load lighting circuit in the present invention.

[Procedure amendment 20]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0177

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The load lighting circuit shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 35 and 36 is also related to claim 6, and a thyristor having a positive feedback characteristic and a zero-cross switch characteristic is used for the main switch and a photo is used as an auxiliary switch. A photo coupler such as a transistor coupler is used.

[Procedure correction 21]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0186

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

B) A method in which a zero cross switch having a positive feedback characteristic is inserted as an auxiliary switch in the auxiliary path, and a small auxiliary current flowing through the auxiliary path is amplified by the main switch of the inverter to be used as the main current flowing through the load circuit. : Figure 3
8, FIG. 39, FIG. 40, FIG. 41, FIG.

[Procedure correction 22]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0187

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

C) A normal switch (a non-zero cross switch having no positive feedback characteristic) is inserted as an auxiliary switch in the auxiliary path and is used as the main switch of the inverter by using the auxiliary current excited in the auxiliary path by the input signal. A method of igniting a zero-cross switch having a positive feedback characteristic that is active. : FIG. 34, FIG. 35, FIG. 36,
FIG. 37

[Procedure amendment 23]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0189

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Further, as for the above-mentioned B), C), and D) provided with the auxiliary paths, those relating to claim 6 using an optical coupling (photocoupler) element in the auxiliary switch (FIG. 3).
5, FIG. 36, FIG. 38 to FIG. 51) and those not (FIG. 3)
4, FIG. 37).

[Procedure correction 24]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0244

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Table 2 shows the amount of power generated by the Taiyo battery for the four seasons calculated for the embodiment of the solar sign shown in FIG. 65 based on the above assumptions. The direct sunlight conditions and scattered sunlight conditions for the four seasons listed in the table are those just below the Supreme Court at the edge of the median strip along Route 20 at the intersection of Miyake-zaka in Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo. It is obtained by the above-mentioned invention of the inventor of the present invention, namely, "a light receiving amount measuring method, a sunshine condition measuring method, and a solar energy utilization system".
The direct sunlight condition in the table indicates how many minutes before and how many minutes after direct sunlight the south central time is used as the reference, and the horizontal projection vector of each roof normal is the true south direction. The angle and the inclination angle represent the angle formed by the roof surface normal and the vertical line.

[Procedure correction 25]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0246

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

As described above, in the case of installation in such a place where the sunshine conditions are relatively good, it can be seen from Table 2 that the conditions of the winter season (winter solstice) are the most severe in spring, summer, autumn and winter. That is, the amount of power generated during the winter solstice, which is the smallest amount of power generation throughout the year, is about 40 W · HRS / day due to direct sunlight and scattered sunlight from the sky, while the solar power according to the present invention shown in FIG. Power consumption is about 2.
Since it is 5W, it becomes 40W · HRS / 2.5W = 16 hours, and it can be seen that it is possible to illuminate almost full time at night even in winter.

[Procedure Amendment 26]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of items to be corrected] Table 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Table 2]

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An electroluminescence (EL) or a light emitting diode (LED) or a resistive load having a capacitive load characteristic by a photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell or an electric energy obtained by storing a photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell. For an internal (external) illuminated display or an internal (external) illuminated watch or lighting load lighting circuit for lighting a light-emitting body (resistive light-emitting body) having characteristics or any combination thereof as a light-emitting load , A) inductor and EL or EL string, or b) inductor and bipolar capacitor, and diode circuit that allows bidirectional current to flow through the LED, or c) inductor and EL or EL string and the diode circuit, or d) inductor and bipolar capacitor And e) the inductor and the EL or EL string and the resistive emitter, or f) the inductor and the EL or EL string, the load circuit including the diode circuit and the resistive emitter, and the positive feedback A main switch for controlling a main current by a zero-cross switch element or a zero-cross switch circuit that automatically shuts off (OFF) the channel when the current value becomes zero, and a reverse current bypass diode for bypassing the main switch, An inverter circuit comprising a pair of polarity switch mechanisms constituted by a drive signal system optically coupled to the main switch is provided, and both ends of the load circuit are bridge-coupled between an output terminal of the inverter circuit and a ground terminal, and the inverter is provided. The positive and negative main switches are controlled by a periodic signal train forming a drive signal of the circuit. By alternately igniting and conducting periodically, the phase of each half cycle of the alternating current flowing in the load circuit is pinned and latched at the secondary zero-cross point determined by the circuit constant. A load lighting method characterized by supplying to a circuit to light the light-emitting load, or a load lighting method electrically equivalent thereto, and an internal (external) illuminated display method or internal (external) display method using the same. ) Illuminated clock or lighting. 2. An electroluminescence (EL) or a light emitting diode (LED) or a resistive load having a capacitive load characteristic due to the photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell or the electric energy obtained by storing the photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell. For an internal (external) illuminated display or an internal (external) illuminated watch or lighting load lighting circuit for lighting a light-emitting body (resistive light-emitting body) having characteristics or any combination thereof as a light-emitting load , A) inductor and EL or EL string, or b) inductor and bipolar capacitor, and diode circuit that allows bidirectional current to flow through the LED, or c) inductor and EL or EL string and the diode circuit, or d) inductor and bipolar capacitor And the resistive light emitter, or e) an inductor and an EL or EL string and the resistive light emitter, or f) an inductor and an EL or EL string, a load circuit including the diode circuit and the resistive light emitter, and a main current. A main switch by a switch element or a switch circuit for controlling the switch and a reverse current bypass diode for bypassing it, an auxiliary path for inserting an auxiliary switch, and an inverter circuit composed of a pair of polar switch mechanisms configured by a drive signal system are provided, Both ends of the load circuit are cross-linked between the output terminal of the inverter circuit and the ground terminal, and auxiliary paths with the auxiliary switch inserted are provided between the positive and negative power supply input terminals and the output terminal of the inverter, respectively. No positive and negative auxiliary switches and auxiliary paths, and the main switch is also Or / and the auxiliary switch has a positive feedback characteristic,
A zero-cross switch element or a zero-cross switch circuit that automatically cuts off the channel when the current value becomes zero is used, and both ends of the load circuit are cross-linked between the output terminal and the ground terminal of the inverter circuit, By the periodic signal train forming the drive signal system of the circuit,
The positive and negative auxiliary switches are periodically ignited and conducted alternately, and a minute auxiliary current alternately flowing in the positive and negative auxiliary paths or a part thereof, or a potential or a potential difference formed by the minute auxiliary current, the positive and negative of the inverter circuit. The main switch is alternately controlled to open and close, and the phase of each half cycle of the alternating current flowing through the load circuit is pinned and latched at the secondary zero-cross point determined by the circuit constant. By lighting the light-emitting load, or a load lighting method electrically equivalent thereto, and an internal (external) illuminated display method or internal (external) illumination using the same. Clock or lighting. 3. The drive signal system of the inverter circuit comprises:
3. The load lighting method according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path is optically coupled to the inverter circuit, and the inside (outside) using the same.
Illuminated display method or internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting. 4. An electroluminescence (EL) or a light emitting diode (LED) or a resistive load having a capacitive load characteristic due to a photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell or an electric energy obtained by storing a photovoltaic power generated by a solar cell. For an internal (external) illuminated display or an internal (external) illuminated watch or lighting load lighting circuit for lighting a light-emitting body (resistive light-emitting body) having characteristics or any combination thereof as a light-emitting load , A) inductor and EL or EL string, or b) inductor and bipolar capacitor, and diode circuit that allows bidirectional current to flow through the LED, or c) inductor and EL or EL string and the diode circuit, or d) inductor and bipolar capacitor And the resistive light emitter, or e) an inductor and an EL or EL string and the resistive light emitter, or f) an inductor and an EL or EL string, a load circuit including the diode circuit and the resistive light emitter, and a current value. When the zero becomes zero, a zero cross switch mechanism that automatically shuts off the channel (OFF), a reverse current bypass diode that bypasses the zero cross switch mechanism, and an alternating conduction (O) of a polar switch composed of a drive signal system (O
N) Two inverter circuits whose operations are in inverse synchronism with each other are provided, and the two inverters are provided at both ends of the load circuit or at least both ends of the load circuit, or an EL column or a partial load circuit including a bipolar capacitor. A bridge inverter circuit is formed by cross-linking between output terminals of the circuit, and the bridge inverter circuit is driven by a periodic signal string forming the drive signal system, and every half cycle of an alternating current flowing in the load circuit. The load lighting method or the like in which the luminous load is lit by supplying AC power pinned / latched at the secondary zero-cross point determined by the circuit constant to the load circuit. Electrically equivalent load lighting method and internal (external) illuminated display method or internal (external) illuminated watch using this Ku lighting. 5. A positive and negative power source input terminal and an output terminal of the two inverter circuits are formed in the two inverter circuits by forming an auxiliary path into which an auxiliary switch controlled to be opened and closed by a periodic signal sequence forming the drive signal system is inserted. Are provided between the auxiliary switch and the main switch and / or the auxiliary switch, which has a positive feedback characteristic and uses a zero-cross switch element or a zero-cross switch circuit that automatically cuts off the channel when the current value becomes zero. A zero cross switch mechanism is used for controlling the channel opening / closing of the main switch by the action of the potential or the potential difference formed by the current flowing through the route or a part thereof or the current flowing through the auxiliary route or a part thereof. 5. The load lighting method according to claim 4, and internal (external) illumination using the same. Expression display method or internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting. 6. The load lighting according to claim 5, wherein the drive signal system of the two inverter circuits is optically coupled with the inverter circuit in the auxiliary switch inserted in the auxiliary path. Method and internal (external) illuminated display method or internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting using the method. 7. A light emitter branch path array or each light emitter element or element group in which each light emitter element or element group is arranged in the load circuit such that each element or element group of the light emitter element array is parallel to each other. Distributing the power supplied to the load circuit by providing a light emitter branch path array in which capacitors of opposite polarity are arranged in series and a load cyclic distribution switch circuit for distributing power to each light emitter branch path alternately or in sequence. Alternating or sequentially switching to each of the luminous body branching paths for each cycle or every integer cycle while synchronizing the path with the switching frequency of the inverter, the luminous body elements or element groups of the luminous body branching path row are alternately or 7. The load lighting method according to claim 1, wherein the lighting is performed sequentially in a time-division manner, and internal (external) illumination using the same. Display method or inner (outer) Terushiki watch or lighting. 8. A light emitter branch path array in which each element or element group of a light emitter element array including an EL array is arranged in the load lighting circuit, or each light emitter including the resistive light emitter and / or the diode circuit. An element or element group and a bipolar capacitor or an EL or an EL column are arranged in series to provide a light emitter branch path array. One end of each light emitter branch path is connected to one end of the inductor on the node and the other end is Inverter circuits respectively coupled to the output terminals of the inverter circuit are arranged in parallel with each other to form an inverter circuit row provided with positive and negative common input terminals and a ground terminal, and the other end of the load circuit, that is, the other end of the inductor is By connecting to the ground terminal and driving each inverter circuit alternately or in sequence, the light emitters in the light emitter branch path array are required. 4. A load lighting method according to claim 1, wherein an element or a group of elements are sequentially turned on in a time-division manner, and an inside (outside) illuminated display method or an inside (outside) illuminated timepiece or illumination using the load lighting method. . 9. A light emitter branching path array in which each element or element group of a light emitter element array including an EL array is arranged in the load lighting circuit, or each light emitter including the resistive light emitter and / or the diode circuit. A bridge in which an element or element group and a bipolar capacitor or an EL or EL column are arranged in series to provide a light emitter branch path array, and both ends of each light emitter branch path are bridge-coupled between the output terminals of the two inverter circuits. Inverter circuits are arranged in parallel with each other to form a bridge inverter circuit row having a common input / ground terminal, and an inductor is inserted between the common input terminal or / and the common ground terminal and the power supply terminal of the bridge inverter circuit row. By alternately driving each bridge inverter circuit alternately or in sequence, 7. The load lighting method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, and the internal (external) illuminated display method or the internal lighting method using the light emitting element or element group according to claim 4, which are alternately or sequentially turned on. (Outside) Illuminated clock or lighting. 10. A load selection switch circuit is provided in each of the light emitter branch paths, the input (ground) path of each of the inverter circuits or bridge inverter circuits, or the drive signal distribution branch path, and the load selection switch circuit is operated to operate the load selection switch circuit. The load lighting method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, and an internal (external) illuminated display using the same, wherein a light emitting element or a group of elements to be lighted can be selected and rearranged. Method or internal (external) illuminated clock or lighting. 11. The switching operation (frequency) of the polarity switch of the inverter is switched in a lighting time zone of the light emitter to perform switching operation of light emission luminance and power consumption in the lighting time zone of the light emitter. 2. The invention according to claim 1, characterized in that
0. A load lighting method according to any one of 0 and an inside (outside) illuminated display method or an inside (outside) illuminated timepiece or illumination using the same.