JPH0874594A - Portable drive unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To promote a reduction in device expense and maintenance cost by making farm working machinery, so far driven only by a power takeoff shaft of a vehicle such as a tractor or the like, directly drivable by a portable drive unit being lighter in weight and inexpensive in price than the vehicle. CONSTITUTION: An engine 2, a reduction gear 3 and a clutch 4 connecting a reduction input shaft 25 of the reduction gear 3 and an engine output shaft 24 free of intermittence are housed and supported in a supporter-combined outer frame body 1, and a reduction output shaft 26 of the reduction gear 3 is set as a power takeoff shaft of a drive unit, and thereby an input shaft of farm working machinery is connected to the power takeoff shaft 26, operating this farm working machinery. In addition, weight of the supporter-combined outer frame body 1 is made lighter than the total weight of the engine 2, the reduction gear 3 and the clutch 4 for yet more lightweight promotion, and simultaneously a friction clutch is installed in the clutch 4, whereby easy correspondence can be done even in time of overloading.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a portable drive unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a tractor having a power take-off shaft (PTO shaft) is used as the most common example of a drive unit for driving an agricultural work machine or a small work machine for turf management. . As prior art, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-7
There is 9432.

In contrast to the tractor having the traveling device (moving device) as described above, examples of the portable drive unit having no traveling device include, for example, only an engine or an engine with a manual clutch. There is a generator unit or a pump unit that mounts a generator or a pump together with an engine.

[0004]

In the former tractor,
Other functions such as mobility and habitability are important and very expensive. In addition, the tractor itself moves slowly, and when used in a remote place, it is time consuming just to move. Further, since the entire tractor is large and heavy, it is inconvenient to mount and move on a large vehicle such as a truck whose moving speed is relatively fast.

Each of the latter portable drive units is directly connected to various driven devices which are driven by an axial output of a predetermined rotational speed, unlike a tractor which decelerates the engine rotational speed to a constant speed and outputs the power by a power output shaft. Is difficult to do.

For example, an agricultural working machine such as a lawn mower, a sprayer or a silo storage screw conveyor (harvesting green elevator) is driven by a shaft output of 540 RPM which is the rated speed of the power take-off shaft of the tractor. Therefore, the conventional portable drive unit cannot be directly used and operated.

[0007]

An object of the present invention is to directly drive a driven device such as an agricultural working machine which has been conventionally driven by a power take-off shaft of a tractor,
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a portable drive unit that is small in size, easy to carry, and highly versatile.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

(Invention of Claim 1) An engine, a speed reducer, and a clutch for intermittently connecting a speed reduction input shaft and an engine output shaft of the speed reducer are housed and supported in a support device / outer frame, and a speed reducer is provided. The deceleration output shaft is used as a power output shaft of the drive unit.

(Invention according to claim 2) In the drive unit according to claim 1, the weight of the support device and the outer frame is made smaller than the total weight of the organs such as the engine, the speed reducer and the clutch. It is a characteristic portable drive unit.

(Invention of Claim 3) The drive unit according to claim 1 is a portable drive unit characterized by comprising a single-plate friction clutch as the clutch.

(Invention of Claim 4) The drive unit according to claim 1 is a portable drive unit characterized in that a centrifugal friction clutch is provided as a clutch.

[0012]

By the connecting shaft having the universal joint, the power take-off shaft of the drive unit and the input shaft of the driven device such as the agricultural working machine are directly connected. The engine is started with the clutch disengaged, and the clutch is engaged and the driven device is operated at a predetermined engine speed. The input shaft of the driven device rotates and drives at a constant rotation speed reduced by the reduction gear, for example, 540 RPM.

When the weight of the supporting device / outer frame is made lighter than the total weight of the internal organs such as the engine, the speed reducer and the clutch as in the drive unit according to the second aspect of the invention, the vehicle is moved far away. Not only in the case but also in the case of moving by hand, the outer frame can be easily moved by holding it by hand.

When a single-plate friction clutch is provided as the clutch as in the drive unit according to the third aspect, the object is powder or solid such as grain elevator or hall digger (auger excavator). For this reason, when a device that requires an excessive torque temporarily is connected, slipping in a half-clutch state makes it possible to avoid an overload state without stopping the engine. That is, if a large load is applied to the power take-off shaft from the working machine side,
The single-plate friction clutch slips into a half-clutch state, which maintains high torque at low speeds and avoids overload.

When a centrifugal friction clutch is provided as in the fourth aspect of the invention, when the engine is started,
The clutch is automatically disengaged, and the clutch is engaged by centrifugal force while rising to a predetermined rotation speed. Further, when an overload is applied from the working machine, it is possible to slip out of the overloaded state by slipping the clutch, as in the case of the single-plate friction clutch.

[0016]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, (1) an agricultural work machine or a small turf management work machine which is conventionally driven only by a power take-off shaft of a vehicle such as a tractor or a lawn mowing management machine; It can be directly driven by a portable drive unit which is lighter and cheaper than those vehicles, and reduction of the device cost and maintenance cost can be achieved.

(2) Since the engine, the speed reducer and the clutch are housed and supported in the support device / outer frame body, the size and weight can be reduced as compared with the tractor, and the manual transportation and the high speed vehicle to a remote place can be used. Easy to carry,
It is possible to quickly respond to demand in remote areas.

(3) Not only is the vehicle mounted on a high-speed vehicle to be moved, but by using the vehicle instead of the tractor, it is possible to construct a vehicle having both the workability of the tractor and the moving ability of the truck. Expansion of applications can be achieved.

(4) Further, it can be directly mounted on a working machine such as a sprayer or a hold car without power, and it can be applied not only as a general-purpose power source but also as a dedicated power source, thereby making the working machine a power source. Can be easily achieved.

(5) According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effects described in the above (1) to (4), it is lighter not only when moving by vehicle but also when manually moving nearby. You can easily move by holding the outer frame by hand.

(6) According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effects described in (1) to (4) above, powder or solid such as a grain elevator or a hall digger (auger type excavator) can be used as the object. In order to maintain a high torque at low speeds, the single-plate friction clutch slips into a half-clutch state when a device that requires an excessively high torque is connected to stop the engine. Without overloading, it is possible to avoid overload conditions.

(7) According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effects described in (1) to (4) above, there is no need to operate the clutch when starting the engine, and when an overload is applied from the working machine. As in the case of the single-plate friction clutch, slipping of the clutch allows the clutch to escape from the overloaded state.

[0023]

1 to 5 show a portable drive unit to which the inventions described in claims 1, 2 and 3 of the present application are applied. FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a single supporting device / outer frame body 1. The supporting device / outer frame body 1 comprises a pair of left and right upright rectangular side pipes 7.
And rigidly connect the upper ends of the two side pipes 2
Two upper cross pipes 8, two cross members 9 for supporting the engine that rigidly connect the lower end portions of both side pipes 7, and the front and rear pipe portions of each side pipe 7 are fixedly attached. The reinforcing pipe 10 and the pipes 7, 8 and 10 and the member 9 are made of metal such as stainless steel and aluminum.

Round pipes are used as the side pipes 7, the upper cross pipes 8 and the reinforcing pipes 10,
As the cross member 9 for supporting the engine, a member having a flat upper surface, for example, a channel member having a rectangular cross section or a downward U-shaped cross section is used. The cross pipe 8 and the cross member 9 extend in the left-right direction orthogonal to the side pipe 7, and the reinforcing pipe 10 extends in the front-rear direction. The joints between the pipes are joined, for example, by welding, and the outer frame body 1 as a whole is formed into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.

At the lower front and rear ends of the supporting device / outer frame 1,
As a fixing device, a pair of fixed pipes 12 extending horizontally in the horizontal direction are fixed. The fixed pipes 12 are L-shaped brackets 1 welded to the front and rear lower ends of the side pipes 7.
4 is clamped and fixed by a U-shaped clamp fitting 15. The total length of the fixed pipe 12 is longer than the left and right width of the outer frame body 1, and moreover, the fixed pipe 12 projects to the left and right sides of the outer frame body 1. The tip of each fixed pipe 12 is L
It is bent in a letter shape, and a resin cover 22 is fitted on the bent portion. Each fixed pipe 12 has an expansion joint 16, and the entire length can be adjusted to be expanded and contracted. Further, by loosening the clamp metal fitting 15, not only the bent portion of the tip is horizontal, but also an arbitrary direction such as upward. You can also turn to.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the engine 2, the speed reducer 3, the clutch 4 and all other parts constituting the drive unit are housed and supported in the space surrounded by the supporting device / outer frame 1. In addition, the weight of the supporting device / outer frame 1 is made lighter than the total weight of the organ 2, the speed reducer 3, the clutch 4 and other organs constituting the drive unit.

In FIG. 2 showing a left side view (a view taken in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1), the engine 2, the speed reducer 3 and the clutch 4 are fixed on one bottom plate 21 to form an integrated assembly. The bottom plate 21 has its four corners supported by the cross member 9 of the outer frame body 1 and the like via dampers 19 made of rubber, resin, or the like.

The engine 2 is fixed to the front part of the bottom plate 21, and the speed reducer 3 is fixed to the rear part of the bottom plate 21 via a support bracket 6. As the engine 2, a V-type 2-cylinder horizontal axis type 4-cycle engine is mounted, and an engine output shaft 24 projects horizontally rearward. The speed reducer 3 includes a speed reduction input shaft 2 protruding horizontally forward.
5 and a deceleration output shaft protruding horizontally rearward, that is, a power output shaft 26, the deceleration input shaft 25 is arranged on the same axis as the engine output shaft 24, and the clutch 4 is provided between both shafts 24, 25. The interlocking connection is made intermittently by. The rear end edge of the power takeoff shaft 26 is located inside the outer frame body 1 rather than the rear end surface of the outer frame body 1.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the speed reducer 3. In the speed reduction case 23, a small diameter flat gear 48 fixed to the speed reduction input shaft 25 and a large diameter fixed to the power take-off shaft 26 while meshing with the flat gear 48. A flat gear 49 is arranged, and both gears 48,
A fixed gear ratio type reduction mechanism is constituted by 49. As a reduction ratio, the power take-off shaft 26 is rotated at a deceleration rate of 540 RPM with respect to a predetermined engine speed (for example, 3200 RPM). On the outer peripheral surface of the power take-off shaft 26, a plurality of splines are formed in the axial direction in the same manner as the power take-off shaft of a normal tractor. Splined.

FIG. 5 shows a vertical sectional side view of the clutch 4, which is provided with a manual single-plate friction clutch. A coupling hub 51 is fixed to the engine output shaft 24, and the coupling hub 51 integrally has a cylindrical clutch cover portion 51a. The clutch cover portion 51a has an inner peripheral side and a cover portion 51a. So that they rotate together
Moreover, the friction disc 52 is spline-fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction. The deceleration input shaft 25 has a tip end portion coaxially fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the coupling hub 51 via a bushing 56, and a driven hub 53 spline-fitted to the outer circumference of the deceleration input shaft 25. The driven hub 53 integrally has a disc-shaped clutch plate portion 53a. A fixed boss 58 is fixed to the rear portion of the driven hub 53, and a pressing clutch sleeve 59 and a pressure plate 55 are fitted to the front portion of the driven hub 53 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The pressure plate 55 and the clutch plate portion The friction disk 52 is interposed between 53a so as to be freely clamped.

A plurality of cam balls 57, which are movable in the radial direction, are arranged between the fixed boss 58 and the clutch sleeve 59, and the front end edge of the fixed boss 58 that abuts on the balls 57 is radially outward. The taper cam surface 58a comes to the rear as it goes to the rear. A slip ring 54 is fitted to the outer peripheral surfaces of the fixed boss 58 and the clutch sleeve 59 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and an inner peripheral surface of the slip ring 54 is fitted to the outer periphery of the clutch sleeve 59 for release. Large-diameter portion 54a and taper surface 5 for pushing on the large-diameter portion 54a
A small-diameter portion 54c for locking which is continuous through 4b and fits into the fixed boss 58 is formed. That is, by moving the slip ring 54 forward, the taper cam surface 54 b of the slip ring 54 presses the ball 57 toward the shaft center side, and the taper cam surface 58 of the fixed boss 58.
The ball 57 is moved forward along a and the pressure plate 55 is pushed forward via the clutch sleeve 59. As a result, the friction disc 52 is pinched between the pressure plate 55 and the clutch plate portion 53a to bring the clutch 4 into the connected state.

A shift fork 30 is engaged with the flange portion of the slip ring 54, and the shift fork 30 is
As shown in FIG. 1, the support bracket 29 is swingably supported in the front-rear direction and is integrally connected to the clutch lever 31. By rotating the clutch lever 31 forward, the slip ring 54 is moved backward and the clutch 4 is released.

It is also possible to provide a return spring (release spring) on each of the clutch lever 31, the shift fork 30 and the clutch sleeve 59. In this case, the return spring normally keeps the clutch on, and the clutch lever 31 is resisted against the return spring.
Is operated to the clutch-off side to turn off the clutch, and by releasing the hand from the clutch lever 31, the return spring automatically returns to the clutch connection state shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, the engine 2 is equipped with a radiator 34, a coolant reserve tank 35, and the like at the front upper part thereof, which are housed in the upper half of the front end portion in the outer frame 1, Further, an exhaust muffler 46 is installed on the upper rear portion of the engine 2 as shown in FIG. Exhaust muffler 4
6 is disposed sideways, and its exhaust port 46a is open to the right.

In FIG. 1, the power take-off shaft 26 is eccentric to the left side from the axis of the deceleration input shaft 25 (the axis of the engine output shaft 24), and the engine 2 and the speed reducer 3 are provided.
Are arranged on the right side in the outer frame 1 as a whole.

The control panel 32, the fuel tank 33, the battery 45, and the like are accommodated and supported in the outer frame 1 as other main equipment components constituting the drive unit.

The control panel 32 is arranged in the upper left half of the outer frame 1, is fixed to the left reinforcing pipe 10, and is inclined so that its display surface faces slightly to the upper left.

The fuel tank 33 is arranged at a lower left position in the outer frame body 1, and is supported by the left side pipe 7 and the cross member 9 via an appropriate bracket.

The battery 45 is arranged on the lower right side,
It is supported by the outer frame 1 via an appropriate bracket.

The dampers 19 for supporting the four corners of the bottom plate 21 have brackets 18 each having a "F" shape.
Is fixed to the cross member 9 of the outer frame body 1 via the plate supporting surface 19a at the upper end of each damper 19.
Is inclined at an angle of approximately 45 ° so that the central portion side of the outer frame left / right width is lowered. The inclined plate supporting surfaces 19a support the inclined folding curved surfaces 21a at the four corners of the bottom plate 21. Further, the rotation direction of the power takeoff shaft 26 is right rotation as shown by an arrow R when viewed from the rear.

A cover 43 is fixedly attached to the rear surface of the speed reducer 3 so as to cover the upper and left and right sides of the power takeoff shaft 26 at intervals.

On the display surface of the control panel 32, as shown in FIG. 2, together with the clutch lever 31, an ignition switch 37, a throttle lever 38, a tachometer 3 are provided.
9, a hydraulic pressure display lamp 40, a coolant temperature display lamp 41, and a charging lamp 42 are provided.

The engine 2 senses the rotational speed of the engine 2 and limits the intake air-fuel mixture within a rotational speed region that does not exceed the maximum permissible rotational speed of the engine to control the rotational speed. (Not shown). The single-plate friction clutch 4 has a torque capacity that can be adapted within an arbitrary rotation speed range including the maximum horsepower generation rotation speed and the maximum torque generation rotation speed that are generated as a result of the control of the governor.

The operation will be described. Power take-off shaft 26 of FIG.
First, one end of the connecting shaft 50 having a universal joint is spline-connected as shown by an imaginary line, and the other end of the connecting shaft 50 is spline-connected to a working machine (not shown).

The clutch lever 31 in FIG. 2 is rotated in the direction of arrow L to keep the clutch 4 disengaged, and then the ignition switch 37 is operated to operate the engine 2
To start.

When the engine speed reaches a predetermined value, the clutch lever 31 is gradually returned to connect the clutch 4. As a result, the speed reducer 3 is connected via the clutch 4.
Power take-off shaft 26 of a predetermined rotation speed (for example, 540RP
Rotate in M) to operate the work machine.

When moving the drive unit, the outer frame 1 may be moved to a near place by hand, and a far place may be loaded on a truck or the like and moved. In addition, it can be used to perform work while being loaded on a truck by connecting various working machines and moving the truck instead of the tractor.

If the clutch 4 is equipped with a single-plate friction clutch, an excessive torque is temporarily required to target powders or solids such as grain elevators and hall diggers (auger excavators). When the device is connected, the overload condition can be avoided without stopping the engine. That is, when a large load is applied to the power take-off shaft, the single-plate friction clutch slips into a half-clutch state, thereby maintaining high torque at low speed rotation and avoiding an overload state.

[0049]

[Another embodiment]

(1) Corresponding to the invention described in claim 4, a centrifugal friction clutch as shown in FIG. 6 can be arranged. A driven side hub 60 is fixed to the deceleration input shaft 25, and a cover / clutch drum 61 is fixed to the driven side hub 60. On the other hand, the driven side hub 60 is attached to the engine output shaft 24.
Drive-side hub 6 that is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the casing via a bushing 63 and integrally has a shoe support plate 65
2 is fixed. The support plate 65 is provided with support pins 66 at a plurality of positions on the circumference, and each support pin 66 is urged radially inward by a spring and is expanded radially outward by centrifugal force to expand the drum. A clutch shoe 67, which comes into pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface, is rotatably supported.

In the case where the centrifugal friction clutch is provided, the clutch is automatically disengaged when the engine is started, and the clutch is engaged by the centrifugal force while the engine speed increases to the predetermined number of revolutions. Further, when an overload is applied from the working machine, it is possible to slip out of the overloaded state by slipping the clutch, as in the case of the single-plate friction clutch.

(2) The engine to be mounted may be a single-cylinder engine, a three-cylinder engine or more, or a two-cycle engine.

(3) If the speed reducer 3 is of a fixed speed stage type (one stage type) using a pair of large and small gears as in the above embodiment, it is inexpensive, A gear type can also be used.

(4) In addition, the agricultural working machine may have a structure that is normally decelerated to 540 RPM, but it is also a small machine for turf management, for example, 1000R.
When used for a working machine used in PM, it is equipped with a speed reducer that reduces the speed to the above-mentioned number of revolutions.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear front view of a portable drive unit to which the invention according to claims 1, 2 and 3 is applied.

FIG. 2 is a view on arrow II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a support device / outer frame.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2 of the transmission.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of a single-plate friction clutch.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side surface of a centrifugal friction clutch applied to the invention according to claim 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Support Device / Outer Frame 2 Engine 3 Reduction Gear 4 Clutch 24 Engine Output Shaft 25 Reduction Input Shaft 26 Power Extraction Shaft (Deceleration Output Shaft)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A deceleration output of a speed reducer, wherein an engine, a speed reducer, and a clutch for intermittently connecting a speed reduction input shaft of the speed reducer and an engine output shaft are housed and supported in a support device / outer frame. A portable drive unit, characterized in that the shaft serves as a power output shaft of the drive unit. 2. The drive unit according to claim 1, wherein
A portable drive unit characterized in that the weight of the support device and the outer frame is lighter than the total weight of the internal components such as the engine, the speed reducer and the clutch. 3. The drive unit according to claim 1, wherein
A portable drive unit comprising a single-plate friction clutch as the clutch. 4. The drive unit according to claim 1, wherein
A portable drive unit comprising a centrifugal friction clutch as the clutch.