JPH0871818A - Chuck device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a chuck device which can clamp a tool desirably. CONSTITUTION: A sleeve 1 is rotated to rotate an internally mounted nut member 2, and a claw 3 screwed with the nut member 2 is expanded/contracted and advanced/retreated by the rotation of the nut member 2 so as to clamp or release a tool 4. In such a chuck device, a rotating member 7 is provided opposedly to the nut member 2, and a set of even-numbered rolling members 5 are provided in a recessed part formed at the rotating member 7. These rolling members 5 are disposed between the specified face of the nut member 2 and a rolling member receiving part 6 provided opposedly to the specified face, in the state of being in contact with both of them. The specified face is formed into the inclined face 2a, and the rolling members 5 roll up the inclined face 2a by the rotation of the rotating member 7 to press the nut member 2 forward.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a chuck device capable of reliably pressing a tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art US Pat. No. 5,215,317 (hereinafter referred to as "conventional example") has been proposed as a chuck device capable of reliably clamping a tool.

This prior art example has the structure shown in FIG. 1, and when the nut member 54 is rotated by rotating the sleeve 51, the claw 52 is contracted and advanced, so that the claw 52 abuts on the tool. When the rotation of the nut member 54 becomes impossible, when the sleeve 51 is further rotated, the ring member 55 rotates, and the relative position between the ring member 55 and the nut member 54 starts to shift. ing.

The front end surface of the ring member 55 (the nut member 54
As shown in FIG. 2, a concave portion 53 is formed in an annular shape on the side end surface).
The bottom surface of the concave portion 53 is formed on the inclined surface 53a. This inclined surface 53a is formed with an inclination as shown in FIG.

Therefore, by rotating the sleeve 51 and reducing and advancing the claw 52, the claw 52 comes into contact with the tool, and the nut member 54
When the sleeve 51 is further rotated and the ring member 55 is further rotated, the ball 56 abutting on the inclined surface 53a rolls up to the right in FIG.
Due to the inclination of a, the nut member 54 is pressed forward, and the tool is further tightened by the claw 52.

[0006]

As a result of various studies, the present inventor has confirmed that the conventional example has the following drawbacks.
In the conventional example, the position of the ball 56 in the gauge 57 on the inclined surface 53a cannot be determined until the pawl 52 contracts and advances and contacts the tool. Because the inclined surface of the recess 53
This is because there is a clearance in the axial direction of the nut member between the ball 56 and the nut member 54 at the ball facing position due to the existence of 53a. In particular, the clearance is large when the ball 56 is at the lowest position of the inclined surface 53a or in the vicinity thereof (the clearance is naturally maximum when the ball 56 is at the lowest position). There is a state in which the ball 56 can move freely in the circumferential direction, so that it is not possible to determine the position of the ball 56 on the inclined surface 53a. The indetermination of the position of the ball 56 causes a problem that when the ball 56 exists at the X position in FIG. 3, the amount of rolling up of the ball 56 is small and sufficient retightening cannot be achieved.

The present invention provides a chuck device that solves the above problems.

[0008]

The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

By rotating the sleeve 1, the internal nut member 2 is rotated, and by the rotation of the nut member 2, the pawl 3 screwed to the nut member 2 is expanded / reduced, and the tool 4 is clamped. Alternatively, in a chuck device for releasing, a rotating member 7 is provided opposite to the nut member 2, and an even number of a set of rolling members 5 is provided in a concave portion 7a formed in the rotating member 7. 5 is arranged between a predetermined surface of the nut member 2 and a rolling member receiving portion 6 provided so as to face the predetermined surface so as to be in contact with both of them, and the predetermined surface is formed on the inclined surface 2a. A chuck device characterized in that the nut member 2 is formed by rotating the rotating member 7 by rotating the rotating member 7 and rolling up the inclined surface 2a. is there.

By rotating the sleeve 1, the internal nut member 2 is rotated, and by the rotation of the nut member 2, the pawl 3 screwed onto the nut member 2 is expanded / reduced, and the tool 4 is clamped. Alternatively, in a chuck device for releasing, a rotating member 7 is provided opposite to the nut member 2, and an even number of a set of rolling members 5 is provided in a concave portion 7a formed in the rotating member 7. 5 is arranged between a predetermined surface of the nut member 2 and a rolling member receiving portion 6 provided so as to face the predetermined surface so as to be in contact with both of them, and the predetermined surface is formed on the inclined surface 2a. The nut member 2 is formed by pressing the nut member 2 forward by rotating the rotating member 7 and the rolling member 5 rolling up the inclined surface 2a. The rotating member 7 is rotated so that the relative position between the nut member 2 and the rotating member 7 is changed. Those of the chuck device, wherein the initial position with respect to the nut member 2 of the rotating member 7 when starting record is always configured to be predetermined, definite position.

In the chuck device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the rotation of the nut member 2 becomes impossible, the rotation member 7 is further rotated, and the relative position between the nut member 2 and the rotation member 7 starts to shift. As a configuration in which the initial position of the member 7 with respect to the nut member 2 is always a predetermined fixed position, a configuration in which the nut member 2 and the rotating member 7 are elastically biased in opposite rotating directions, and the initial of the inclined surface 2a The present invention relates to a chuck device, wherein a locking portion 9 for locking the rolling member 5 is provided at the position and the end point position.

In the chuck device according to the third aspect, the coil spring 14 and the rolling member 5 are locked as means for elastically biasing the nut member 2 and the rotating member 7 in opposite rotating directions. The present invention relates to a chuck device characterized in that a protrusion 9 ′ is adopted as the locking portion 9.

[0013]

When the rotating member 7 rotates after the pawl 3 contracts and advances to contact the tool 4 and the nut member 2 cannot rotate, the relative position between the rotating member 7 and the nut member 2 shifts. The rolling member 5 rolls up the inclined surface 2a, and the rolling member 5 rolls up the inclined surface 2a, whereby the nut member 2 is pressed forward and the tool 4 is tightened by the claws 3. ..

The rolling member 5 is a recess 7 formed in the rotating member 7.
It is provided in a. Therefore, the rolling member 5 itself moves (rotates) (see FIG. 10 (B)), and the member (ring member 5) having the inclined surface 2a is formed as in the conventional example.
5) does not move (rotate) (see FIG. 10 (A)), the rotation of the rotation member 7 is controlled to control the rotation of the rolling member 5.
The position (particularly the initial position) with respect to the inclined surface 2a can be easily set to a predetermined fixed position.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 4 to 9 show one embodiment of the present invention, which will be described below.

The three claws 3 having the male screw portion 11 formed on the outside are inserted into the main body 10.

A nut member 2 having a female screw portion 12 to be screwed with a male screw portion 11 is fitted on a main body 10, and a sleeve 1 is fitted on the outer side of the main body 10. As shown in FIG. 7, the nut member 2 is formed of a rear side portion 2b and a front side portion 2c. The boundary flange portion 2d between the rear side portion 2b and the front side portion 2c has a surface 4 on the rear side portion 2b side. Locking portions 9 (protrusions 9 ') are formed at the locations, and inclined surfaces 2a are formed between the locking portions 9.

A ring-shaped rotating member 7 as shown in FIG. 6 is fitted on the rear side portion 2b of the nut member 2, and the rotating member 7 is fitted to the sleeve 1 by an appropriate means (for example, concavo-convex fitting). It is fixed by a connecting means) and both are configured to rotate together (the rotating member 7 and the sleeve 1 may be integrated). Therefore, when the sleeve 1 is rotated, the nut member 2 also rotates.

The inner surface of the rotating member 7 has concave portions 7 at equal intervals.
a is formed at four positions, and a pair of cylindrical roller members as the rolling members 5 are arranged in each recess 7a. One of the roller members is configured to abut on the inclined surface 2a of the nut member 2, and the other abuts on the ring member as the rolling member receiving portion 6 fitted on the main body 10. The rolling member receiving portion 6 may be integrated with the main body 10 as a matter of course.

A coil spring 14 is fitted on the nut member 2, the tip end of the coil spring 14 is fitted and fixed in a hole formed in the nut member 2, and the base end is fitted and fixed in a hole formed in the rotating member 7. ing.

Reference numeral 8 is a female screw hole used when the apparatus is mounted on an electric drill or the like, and 13 is a gripping cylinder.

Since this embodiment has the above-mentioned structure, the following operational effects are exhibited.

When the sleeve 1 is rotated, the rotating member 7 is rotated, and when the rotating member 7 is rotated, the nut member 2 connected by the coil spring 14 is also rotated, and the pawl 3 is contracted and advanced. The claw 3 contacts the tool 4. This contact makes the rotation of the nut member 2 impossible, but when the sleeve 1 is further rotated, the rotation member 7 rotates against the coil spring 14,
The relative positions of the nut member 2 and the rotating member 7 start to shift.
Therefore, one roller member (the left roller member in FIG. 8) of the roller members fitted in the recess 7a of the rotating member 7 rolls down the inclined surface 2a of the nut member 2 in FIG. ,
As a result, the nut member 2 is pressed forward, and thus the tool 4 is further tightened by the claw 3. Further, since the two roller members are configured as one set and the rolling friction is maximized and the sliding friction is reduced as much as possible, the rolling member becomes a very efficient device.

When the retightening of the tool 4 is released, when the sleeve 1 is rotated in the reverse direction, the rotating member 7 is also rotated in the reverse direction,
The roller member is returned to the initial position by being assisted by the spring force of the coil spring 14, and the retightening of the tool 4 is released.

This point will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3A shows the initial position. When the rotating member 7 is rotated from the state shown in FIG. 7A (the rotating member 7 being rotated means that the rotating member 7 is moved downward in FIG. 7A), the roller member is an inclined surface. 2a climbs up and rolls into the state shown in FIG. This state (B) is a state in which it is tightened further. The state of this (B) figure (For convenience, the additional tightening release is (B) '
It will be described with reference to the drawings. ), The rotating member 7 is rotated in the reverse direction (which means that the rotating member 7 rotates in the reverse direction (the rotating member 7 moves upward in FIG. 7B)). It rolls down to the state shown in Figure (c).
The state shown in the figure is the state in which the additional tightening has been released.

In the present embodiment, unlike the conventional example in which the ball 56 moves only indirectly by contact with the inclined surface 53a, by inserting a roller member into the recess 7a of the rotating rotating member 7, The roller member itself is moved, and the rotating member 7 and the nut member 2 are opposite to each other in the rotating direction.
Since the elastic force is urged by the spring force and the rotating range of the rotating member 7 is restricted by the protrusion 9 ′,
Even if there is clearance due to the inclined surface 2a, the initial position of the roller member (relative position with respect to the inclined surface 2a) is always the same position. Therefore, the amount of roll rolling of the roller member at the time of retightening is always a constant amount. As described above, no further tightening failure occurs.

Further, in this embodiment, since the projections 9'are provided at both ends of the inclined surface 2a, the tool 4 which is further tightened.
When the retightening is canceled, the projection 9 ′ and the roller member are locked to forcibly rotate the nut member 2 (the rotating member 7 moves further upward in FIG. 9C). At this time, the roller member is locked to the projection 9'and the nut member 2 is forcibly rotated.) Therefore, even if the claw 3 and the tool 4 are bitten, the claw 3 can be expanded and retracted favorably. become.

Further, when the pawl 3 is in the maximum open state, the male screw portion 11 of the pawl 3 and the female screw portion 12 of the nut member 2 may bite each other. Even in this case, according to the present embodiment, it can be solved similarly. That is, the maximum opening state of the claw 3 is the state shown in FIG. 9A, but when the sleeve 1 is rotated in this state and the rotating member 7 is rotated.
If the bite does not occur (when it is moved downward in (A)), the rotating member 7 and the nut member 2 rotate together, and the rotating member 7 moves downward in (A). However, if there is a bite, the nut member 2 does not move downward, only the rotating member 7 moves downward, and the state of FIG. The roller member is locked to the protrusion 9'and the nut member 2
(D) is forced to rotate downward, that is, to rotate, so that the bite is eliminated.

[0030]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the initial position of the rolling member is always a predetermined fixed position, and therefore, an excellent chuck device is provided which enables good tool clamping.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory front sectional view of a conventional example.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a conventional ring member.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a main part of a conventional ring member.

FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a rotating member of the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a nut member of this embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of this embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view of the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a comparison diagram of the present invention and a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sleeve 2 Nut member 2a Inclined surface 3 Claw 4 Tool 5 Rolling member 6 Rolling member receiving portion 7 Rotating member 7a Recessed portion 9 Locking portion 9'Protrusion 14 Coil spring

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A chuck for rotating a sleeve to rotate an internally mounted nut member, and by rotating the nut member, a claw engaged with the nut member is expanded / retracted to press or release a tool. In the device, a rotating member is provided opposite to the nut member, an even number of a set of rolling members is provided in a recess formed in the rotating member, and the rolling member is provided with a predetermined surface of the nut member. The rolling member is disposed between the rolling member receiving portion and the rolling member receiving portion provided opposite to the predetermined surface, the predetermined surface is formed as an inclined surface, and the rotating member is rotated to rotate the rolling member. Is configured to push the nut member forward by climbing and rolling on the inclined surface. 2. A chuck for rotating a sleeve to rotate an internal nut member, and by rotating the nut member, a claw screwed to the nut member is expanded / retracted to press or release the tool. In the device, a rotating member is provided opposite to the nut member, an even number of a set of rolling members is provided in a recess formed in the rotating member, and the rolling member is provided with a predetermined surface of the nut member. The rolling member is disposed between the rolling member receiving portion and the rolling member receiving portion provided opposite to the predetermined surface, the predetermined surface is formed as an inclined surface, and the rotating member is rotated to rotate the rolling member. Is configured to press the nut member forward by rolling up the inclined surface, and the rotation of the nut member becomes impossible, and the rotation member is further rotated, so that the relative position between the nut member and the rotation member. The initial position of the rotating member with respect to the nut member when the A chuck device characterized in that it is always arranged at a predetermined fixed position. 3. The chuck device according to claim 2,
When the rotation of the nut member becomes impossible and the rotation member is further rotated, and the relative position between the nut member and the rotation member begins to shift, the initial position of the rotation member with respect to the nut member is always a predetermined fixed position. As a configuration, a configuration in which a nut member and a rotating member are elastically biased in opposite rotational directions and a configuration in which a locking member that locks a rolling member is provided at an initial position and an end position of an inclined surface are provided. A chuck device characterized by being adopted. 4. The chuck device according to claim 3,
A chuck device, wherein a coil spring is used as means for elastically biasing the nut member and the rotating member in opposite rotating directions, and a projection is used as a locking portion for locking the rolling member.