JPH0866366A - Visual function diagnostic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To monitor an effect on a visual function under the specified visual acuity condition for the improvement of a testee's visual environment by combining many visual function inspection devices with a diagnostic means or the like for diagnosing the visual function of an inspected eye according to a preliminarily programmed diagnostic algorithm. CONSTITUTION: A testee describes his/her status information on an inquiry sheet 1, while a tester inputs the description of the sheet 1 to a computer 8 via a keyboard 8. Also, each function of the testee's right and left eyes is sequentially measured with many measurement devices 2 to 6. In this case, when the testee puts on spectacles, the refractive power thereof is measured with a lens meter 5. Thereafter, each measurement data is inputted to the computer 8 via a relay unit 7, and subjected to a diagnostic process according a diagnostic algorithm. In this case, the testee's eyes are measured with a far-sighted optometer 2 in terms of farsightedness, a near-sighted optometer 3 subjectively in terms of nearsightedness, an objective eye refraction power measurement instrument 4 objectively in terms of refractive power, and a near point meter 6 in terms of a near point, respectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a visual function diagnostic device,
In particular, the present invention relates to a visual function diagnostic device suitable for diagnosing whether a visual function of a worker is suitable for a work environment such as VDT (Visual Display Terminal) work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the widespread use of so-called VDTs for word processors, computer terminals, etc., deterioration of visual function and eye strain due to these have become serious problems. For these problems, objectively examining various functions such as visual acuity, eye refractive power, and accommodation power is one effective information for solving the problems. Conventionally, various studies have been conducted to investigate the influence of VDT work on the visual function, but these are limited to basic studies focusing on specific elements having the visual function.

[0003]

Although basic research on visual function is of course important, VDT work is currently under way when the mechanism of the effect of VDT work on visual function is not clear.
It is also important to monitor the work environment of the subject and maintain and improve the proper work environment in order to suppress the influence of the work on the visual function. However, the visual function information of each subject is not sufficient to monitor the work environment of the subject and maintain and improve the proper work environment. Further, it is impossible for a general physician to link individual test results to a specific work environment such as a VDT worker and give an appropriate prescription to each individual without a proper explanation from the worker.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and it is possible to monitor the influence on the visual function under a specific environmental condition to contribute to the improvement of the visual environment of the subject. A technical problem is to provide a functional diagnostic device.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, the visual function diagnostic device of the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.

(1) Diagnosis and prescription relating to the visual function of the subject's eye are performed by a plurality of visual function inspection devices necessary for diagnosing the visual function under a specific environmental condition and a preprogrammed diagnostic algorithm. A diagnosis means for performing the diagnosis, an input means for inputting the inspection result and the inquiry result obtained by the visual function inspection device to the diagnosis means, and an output means for outputting the diagnosis result by the diagnosis means based on the input information. It is characterized by

(2) The certain environmental condition of (1) is a VDT working environment, and the visual function testing device includes a visual acuity testing device, an eye refractive power testing device, and a near point meter.

(3) One of the visual function inspection devices of (1) is characterized in that it is a lens meter for measuring the refraction characteristics of the spectacle lens used by the subject.

(4) The diagnostic algorithm of (1) is characterized in that the subjective symptom of the eye based on the input inquiry result is used as a judgment element.

(5) The diagnostic algorithm of (1) is characterized by having the age of the subject as a judgment element.

(6) The diagnostic algorithm of (1) is characterized in that different diagnostic results are derived depending on whether or not the subject's spectacles and contact lenses are used under the specific environmental conditions.

[0012]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the apparatus of the embodiment. 1
Is the questionnaire that the subject fills in, and the questionnaire 1 is VDT
Various questions regarding work are described. As shown in FIG. 2, the question items are, in addition to name, age, and sex, work environment (VDT years of experience, VDT work frequency, work time per day, nature of VDT work, use of glasses etc. during work),
Human factors of the worker (eye history, other medical history, recent subjective symptoms, etc. This can also be said to be a kind of work environment), etc., and the subject puts a mark on the item corresponding to himself, etc. The format is easy to fill and read. The question content of the questionnaire 1 is changed depending on the work environment, work content, and the like.

Reference numerals 2 to 6 are measuring devices for inspecting and measuring the visual function and the like of the subject. 2 is the distance vision of the subject's eye (generally 5
m is a far vision meter for measuring near vision, and 3 is a near vision meter for subjectively measuring near vision (generally, 30 cm to 50 cm visual acuity). The optometer may be capable of obtaining both distance vision and near vision with the same device. Reference numeral 4 is an objective eye refractive power measuring device that objectively measures the refractive power of the eye to be examined. Reference numeral 5 is a lens meter. The lens meter 5 measures the refracting power of the glasses held (glasses used by the subject). Reference numeral 6 is a near point meter for measuring the near point of the eye to be inspected. The accommodation power of the subject's eye is calculated from the near point obtained by the near point meter 6 and the far point obtained from the measurement result of the objective eye refractive power measuring device 4.

The measurement results obtained by these measuring devices 2 to 6 are output as electric signals and input to the computer 8 via the repeater 7. Further, the result of the above-mentioned inquiry sheet 1 is inputted by the keyboard 8a of the computer 8.

A diagnostic algorithm (described later) for producing a diagnostic result regarding the visual function of the subject is preprogrammed and stored in the computer 8. The diagnostic algorithm is based on the measurement data of each measuring device and the interview information from the interview sheet, and based on the judgment factors across multiple items, makes an appropriate diagnosis after taking into account individual differences, and corrects visual function. It is constructed so that a prescription for improving the visual environment, etc. can be given. Reference numeral 9 denotes a display, on which a diagnosis result of the subject, an input screen for the questionnaire 1, and the like are displayed. Reference numeral 10 is a printer for printing out the diagnosis result.

The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described. First, the subject fills in the questionnaire 1 about his / her own situation. The examiner receives the questionnaire 1 and inputs the contents into the computer 8 using the keyboard 8a. Then, the visual functions of the left and right eyes of the subject are sequentially measured by the measuring devices 2, 3, 4 and 6. If the subject is wearing spectacles, the refractive power of the glasses
Measure at Each measurement data from each measurement device is input to the computer 8 via the repeater 7. Repeater 7
The computer 8 receives data from a keyboard for inputting data and each measuring instrument via a data communication line.
In addition to the equipment for inputting to the device, a data reader or the like is used in the case of a system in which the data of each measuring device is stored in the card as magnetic data or the like.

After completing all the measurements and inputting the questionnaire data, the examiner operates the keyboard 8a to complete the computer.
Then, the diagnostic process is started by the computer 8. The computer 8 performs a diagnostic process according to a diagnostic algorithm based on the input data.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the main routine showing the flow of items of the diagnostic processing, and FIGS. 4 to 21 are flowcharts showing the diagnostic algorithm for each diagnostic item.
22 to 25 are diagrams showing diagnosis results output according to the diagnosis algorithm. The diagnostic process is based on the result of an interview sheet by using glasses or the like at the time of work.
When using eyeglasses, it is divided into diagnostic items S4 to S7, and when using eyeglasses, it is divided into diagnostic items S8 to S12. S13 is a diagnostic item common to the naked eye and the eyeglass user, and S14 to S18.
Is a diagnostic item common to all.

The diagnostic algorithms for the diagnostic items S1 to S18 will be described below in order. FIG. 4 is a flow chart of "diagnosis of unaided eye" in S1. The naked eye anisometropia is determined based on the S value (spherical refractive power) obtained from the measurement result of the objective eye refractive power measuring device 4, and the difference between the left and right S values is 2.
If there is 25D or more, it is determined to be “with anisometropia” (S
1-1). When it is determined that “anisotropy” is present, the diagnosis result is determined by determining whether the visual acuity is poor during work (S1-2) and the presence or absence of subjective eye symptoms (S1-3, 4). (1) to (4) are issued. Judgment of poor visual acuity during work (S1
-2) is determined to be "defective visual acuity during work" when the visual acuity value is 0.5 or less on either the left or right side, or 0.6 or less on both eyes based on the measurement data of the near vision meter 3. . Whether or not there are subjective symptoms of the eye (S1-3, 4) is based on the result of the questionnaire.
Items 1-6 in "Recent subjective symptoms"["1. Eye fatigue", "2. Pain in the back of the eye", "3. Object looks blunted", "4. Object obscured, hazy" Even if one of "," 5. Eye tingling "and" 6. Blinking increases, "" there is a subjective symptom of the eye "if" 3 = impairs work or life "is entered. It is said that The diagnosis result (any one of (1) to (4)) when it is judged as "with anisometropia" is stored in the memory in the computer (S1-9), and the diagnosis process proceeds to the next step item. .

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of "autonomous astigmatism diagnosis" (S2).
It is a chart. The presence or absence of naked eye astigmatism can be determined by the C value (column surface refracting power) of either the left or right naked eye obtained from the eye refractive power measuring device 1.5 or more, or the C value of either the left or right naked eye of 1.25D or more. When the astigmatic axis angle is 30 ° to 60 ° or 120 ° to 150 °, it is determined that “with astigmatism” (S2-1). After it is determined that "with astigmatism", the diagnosis result (5) to (5)-
(8) is issued.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of "autonopic hyperopia diagnosis" (S3).
It is a chart. The presence or absence of hyperopia is S for either left or right naked eye.
When the value is + 2.25D or more, it is determined to be “with hyperopia” (S3-1), and then, similarly to the above, determination of whether or not there is poor visual acuity during work (S3-2) and presence or absence of subjective symptoms of eyes. With (S3-3, 4), the diagnostic results (9) to (12) are output.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of "CL anisotropy diagnosis" (S4). The CL anisometropic determination is determined to be “with anisometropic” (S4-1) when the left and right S-value difference is 2.25D or more, similarly to the naked eye anisometropic determination (S4-1). Based on the determination (S4-2) and the determination of the presence / absence of subjective symptoms of the eye (S4-3, 4), diagnostic results (13) to (16) are issued.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of "CL astigmatism diagnosis" (S5).
It is a chart. Astigmatism is determined to be "there is astigmatism" when either the left or right C value is 1.25D or more (S5-1), and subsequently it is determined whether or not visual acuity during work is poor (S5).
5-2), Determination of presence or absence of subjective symptoms of eyes (S5-3, 4)
Is done. The diagnostic results are diagnostic results (17) to (20).

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of "CL overcorrection diagnosis" (S6). First, the S value that is the basis for determination differs depending on whether the age is 30 years or older (S6-1). If you are over 30 years old, the S value on either side is + 0.25D or more, and if you are under 30 years old, the S value on either side is +0.5.
If D or more, it is determined that the CL is overcorrected (S6-2,
3). If it is determined to be overcorrected, it is determined whether or not there is poor visual acuity during work (S6-3), and the presence or absence of subjective symptoms of the eye (S6).
6-5, 6) is performed and the diagnostic results (21) to (24) are reached.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart of "CL trouble diagnosis" (S7). A diagnostic result (25) will be given when the "Recent subjective symptoms" item on the questionnaire includes the subjective symptoms of "5.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart of "anisometropia by spectacles correction and diagnosis of anisotropy correction" (S8).
First, whether or not there is anisometropia due to eyeglass correction is determined as follows. When the difference between the left and right S values due to the spectacle correction, that is, the difference between the S value of the naked eye and the S value of the spectacle lens (measurement data obtained from the lens meter 5) is further 2.25D or more, "the difference between the spectacle correction It is determined that there is anisometropy ”(S8-1). When it is determined that "there is anisometropia due to eyeglass correction", it is subsequently determined whether or not there is anisometropia with naked eyes (S8).
-2). As for the determination of the naked eye anisometropia, as in the case of S1, when the S value difference between the left and right naked eyes is 2.25D or more, it is determined that “the naked eye anisometropia is present”. If it is determined here that there is "no anisometropia", it is determined that the visual acuity during work is poor (S8-3),
Diagnosis results (26) to (29) of anisometropia by spectacle correction are issued depending on the presence or absence of subjective symptoms (S8-4,5).

In the determination of the presence or absence of anisometropia with naked eyes (S8-2),
When it is determined that "there is an anisometropia of the naked eye", that is, it is regarded as "improper correction of anisometropia", the visual acuity at work is determined (S8-11), and there is subjective symptom of the eye (S8-
12, 13), diagnosis result of correction error of anisotropy (30)
~ (33) is issued.

FIG. 12 is a flow chart of "low correction diagnosis of astigmatism" (S9). Astigmatism low correction is judged by naked eye C
With a value of 3.25D or less, the difference between the naked eye C value and the spectacle lens C value is 1.25D or more, or with the naked eye C value of 3.5D or more, the difference between the naked eye C value and the spectacle lens C value is When it is 1.5D or more, it is determined to be "low correction of astigmatism" (S9-
1). The diagnosis of low correction of astigmatism is to judge the poor visual acuity at work (S
9-2), the diagnostic results (34) to (37) are issued by the determination of the presence or absence of subjective symptoms (S9-3, 4).

FIG. 13 shows "diagnosis of correction of astigmatic axis" (S1).
0) Flow chart. The correction of the astigmatic axis is determined to be “improper correction of the astigmatic axis” when the spectacle lens C value is 1.00D or more and the astigmatic axis angle difference between the lens and the naked eye is 30 ° to 150 ° ( S10-1). As the diagnosis result, the diagnosis results (38) to (41) are issued depending on the determination of the visual acuity during work (S10-2) and the presence or absence of subjective symptoms (S10-3, 4).

FIG. 14 shows "overcorrection diagnosis of myopia" (S11).
It is a flowchart of. Similar to the CL overcorrection diagnosis (S6), first, whether the age is 30 years or older (S11-
The S value that is the basis of the determination in 1) is different. In the case of 30 years or older, when the naked eye S value is −1.25D or less and the value obtained by subtracting the lens S value from the naked eye S value is + 0.25D or more, it is determined as “overcorrection of myopia”. When the age is less than 30 years old, when the naked eye S value is −1.25D or less and the value obtained by subtracting the lens S value from the naked eye S value is + 0.5D or more, “overcorrection of myopia”
Is determined. Diagnosis is the determination of visual acuity during work (S11-
4) The diagnostic results (42) to (45) are issued by the determination of the presence or absence of subjective symptoms (S11-5, 6).

FIG. 15 shows "low correction diagnosis of hyperopia" (S12).
It is a flowchart of. Similar to the above-mentioned overcorrection diagnosis of myopia, age is used as a determination factor (S12-1). If you are over 30 years old, the naked eye S value is + 1.25D or more,
When the value obtained by subtracting the lens S value from the value is equal to or greater than + 0.00D, it is determined to be "low correction of hyperopia" (S12-
2) In the case of less than 30 years old, the naked eye S value is + 1.25D or more, and the value obtained by subtracting the lens S value from the naked eye S value is +0.25.
When D or more, it is determined as "low correction of hyperopia" (S12).
-3). Diagnosis results (46) to (49) are given by the judgment of poor visual acuity during work and the judgment of presence or absence of subjective symptoms.

FIG. 16 is a flow chart of "Diagnosis of anterior ocular segment" (S13) when the naked eye or glasses are used during work.
It is a chart. Similar to "CL trouble diagnosis" in S7, "5. Eye tingling" in the item "Recent subjective symptoms" of the questionnaire is used as the judgment condition (S13-1), and the diagnosis result (50)
Will be issued.

FIG. 17 is a flow chart of "diagnosis deterioration diagnosis" (S14). The visual acuity is determined to be “visual acuity” when the near vision values in both the left and right directions (obtained from the near vision meter 2) are 0.5 or less (S14-).
1). Diagnosis is based on the judgment of the presence or absence of subjective symptoms (5
1) and (52) are issued.

FIG. 18 shows "Difference between left and right visual acuity at work" (S
It is a flowchart of 15). The determination is that the near vision value of either the left or right is 0.5 or less, and the difference in the near vision between the left and right is 0.
This is done depending on whether it is 4 or more (S15-1). For the diagnosis of the difference between the left and right eyesight during work, the diagnosis results (53) and (54) are given by judging the presence or absence of subjective symptoms of the eyes.

FIG. 19 is a flow chart of "Binocular visual acuity deterioration diagnosis for one eye visual acuity" (S16). The determination is made based on whether or not the left and right near vision values are 0.6 or more and the binocular near vision values are 0.6 or less (S16-1),
Diagnosis results (55, 56) are given depending on the presence or absence of subjective symptoms.

FIG. 20 is a flowchart of "Diagnosis of one-eyed amblyopia" (S17). In this determination, first, whether or not there is a history of monocular amblyopia on the medical questionnaire is used as a determination element (S1
7-1) If there is a history of one-eye amblyopia, then it is determined that "one-eye amblyopia" is present if both the left and right eyes have a distance vision value and a near vision value of 0.1 or less. (S17-
2). When it is determined that "one-eyed amblyopia" is present, the diagnostic results (57) and (58) are issued depending on whether or not the working visual acuity of the eye opposite to the amblyopia is 0.6 or more (S17-3). Be done.

FIG. 21 is a flow chart of "diagnosis of influence of presbyopia and reduction of accommodation power" (S18). Diagnosis of a decrease in accommodation is first divided by age in order to know whether it is due to the influence of presbyopia (S18-1). The age group in the examples is 40 years old, which is generally considered to cause the effects of presbyopia. Decrease in accommodative power when the subject is 40 years or older is determined by whether the near point distance between the left and right eyes or both eyes is 40 cm or more. If it is determined that there is "decreased accommodation", it is considered as "effect of presbyopia" (S18-2), and subsequently, the diagnosis result (59)- (62) is issued.

Decrease in accommodation power under the age of 40 is determined by whether the near point distance between the left and right eyes or both eyes is 35 m or more (S
18-11). If it is determined that there is "decreased accommodation", the diagnostic results (63) to (66) are issued by the determination of poor visual acuity during work and the determination of presence or absence of subjective symptoms.

The diagnostic result stored in the memory in the computer 8 according to such a diagnostic algorithm is displayed on the display 9 when the diagnostic process is completed. Further, the printer 10 is driven to print out.

In addition, the numerical value of each diagnostic judgment in the above embodiment (for example, S value difference 2.25D of "diagnostic naked eye diagnosis")
Etc.) are only meant as examples of the reference numerical values, and are not limited to these.

The above embodiment can be modified in various ways. For example, the items of the diagnostic processing are not limited to those in the examples, but "diagnosis of eye position abnormality" and "diagnosis when refracting power cannot be measured".
For example, various diagnostic items may be added. Such changes are also included in the present invention within the scope of the same technical idea.

[0042]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately diagnose and prescribe visual function correction of visual function having individual differences among various work environments and visual environments, and improvement of visual environment. Can be done.

In addition, this makes it possible to speed up and improve the efficiency of group medical examinations for a large number of subjects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing question items of an inquiry sheet.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a main routine showing a flow of items of diagnostic processing.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of "diagnostic diagnosis with naked eyes" in S1.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of “autonomous astigmatism diagnosis” (S2).

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of “autonopic hyperopia diagnosis” (S3).

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of “CL anisotropy diagnosis” (S4).

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of “CL astigmatism diagnosis” (S5).

[Fig. 9] Flow chart of "CL overcorrection diagnosis" (S6)
It is

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of “CL trouble diagnosis” (S7).

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of “anisometropia by spectacles correction and diagnosis of anisotropy correction” (S8).

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of “diagnosis of low correction of astigmatism” (S9).

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of “diagnosis of correction error of astigmatic axis” (S10).

FIG. 14 is a flowchart of “overcorrection diagnosis of myopia” (S11).

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of “low-correction diagnosis of hyperopia” (S12).

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of “Diagnosis of anterior segment symptoms” (S13).

FIG. 17 is a flowchart of “diagnosis deterioration diagnosis” (S14).
It is

FIG. 18 is a flowchart of “diagnosis of left-right difference in working visual acuity” (S15).

[FIG. 19] “Diagnosis of binocular visual acuity to monocular acuity” (S
It is a flowchart of 16).

FIG. 20 is a flowchart of “Diagnosis of One-eyed Amblyopia” (S17).

[Fig. 21] "Diagnosis of effects of decreased accommodation and presbyopia"
It is a flowchart of (S18).

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a diagnosis result output according to a diagnosis algorithm.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a diagnosis result output according to a diagnosis algorithm.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a diagnostic result output according to a diagnostic algorithm.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a diagnosis result output according to a diagnosis algorithm.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Questionnaire 2 Far vision optometer 3 Near vision optometer 4 Objective eye refractometer 5 Lens meter 6 Near point meter 7 Repeater 8 Computer 8a Keyboard 9 Display 10 Printer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Muneaki Kodama 34 Maehama, Maishama, Gamagori, Aichi 14 14 Stock company, Nidek Kabuki factory (72) Homi Hikosaka 34 Maehama, Maishama, Gamagori, Aichi Inside the Nidec Pick-up Factory

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. Diagnosis and prescription relating to the visual function of a subject's eye are performed by a plurality of visual function inspection devices necessary for diagnosing visual function under a specific environmental condition and a pre-programmed diagnostic algorithm. It has a diagnostic means, an input means for inputting the inspection result and the inquiry result obtained by the visual function inspection device to the diagnostic means, and an output means for outputting the diagnostic result by the diagnostic means based on the input information. A visual function diagnostic device characterized by: 2. The certain environmental condition according to claim 1 is VD.
A visual function diagnostic device, wherein the visual function testing device includes a visual acuity testing device, an eye refractive power testing device, and a near point meter. 3. The visual function diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the visual function inspection apparatus is a lens meter for measuring a refraction characteristic of a spectacle lens used by a subject. 4. The visual function diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the diagnostic algorithm uses a subjective symptom of the eye based on the input inquiry result as a determination element. 5. The visual function diagnostic device according to claim 1, wherein the diagnostic algorithm has the age of the subject as a determination element. 6. The visual function diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the diagnostic algorithm derives different diagnostic results depending on whether or not the subject's eyeglasses and contact lenses are used under the specific environmental conditions.