JPH0860664A - Water permeable lightweight block - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve drainage efficiency (permeability) of a permeable lightweight block and, at the same time, to provide the permeable lightweight block excellent in strength and solvent resistance by forming monolithically a foamed polystyrene polystyrene and a continuous open-cell foamed resin as a unit. CONSTITUTION: In a state to have pushed a round bar-shaped foamed polystyrene resin 3 into an aluminum form heated up to 40-50 deg.C in advance, complete non- chlorofluorocarbon treated continuous open-cell formable hard urethane stock solution is impregnated to foam, and it is monolithically formed with a continuous open-cell formable resin 2. After the hardening and curing, the form is stripped to make a permeable lightweight block 1 excellent in permeability and solvent resistance with space inside the block. The blocks 1 are piled up in several stages on the ground, and earth as a coating layer is covered on them to construct a filling structure with permeability inside the structure. The blocks are piled up in several stages in spaces between the slope of the ground and a retaining wall, and earth as the coating layer is covered on them to construct a slope structure excellent in permeability.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a water-permeable lightweight block,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a water-permeable lightweight block for ground construction used on soft ground or slopes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional ground construction work, the sheet construction method and the pile driving method were often used, but in the recent ground construction construction such as soft ground and slope, the use of lightweight Styrofoam blocks has become popular. .

However, the styrofoam block is impervious to water and has poor drainage, and when the water level in the construction site rises, the styrofoam block has a very large buoyancy due to its light weight. There is a drawback that a necessary pressing load is required to cancel out. Various techniques have been proposed to solve this drawback.

For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-251521 discloses a styrofoam embankment in which a cavity for allowing water to enter is formed inside the embankment block. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-66316 discloses a method in which blocks of expanded polystyrene are sequentially adhered and stacked on the ground to form a block having an integral structure, and the block structure is covered with sand to construct an embankment. In addition, JP-A-4-37
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 1612 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-371614 disclose a two-layer structure foam block for civil engineering construction in which a core of a reused product is coated with new styrene foam. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-32021 discloses a water-permeable granular material drainage plate in which spherical particles made of expanded polystyrene are solidified into a shape with asphalt and an adhesive. However, the above-mentioned JP-A-63-32021 does not specifically disclose the adhesive.

[0005]

The above-mentioned conventional lightweight blocks for constructing a ground structure are inferior in strength, solvent resistance, and heat resistance, and therefore have a phenomenon of melting or shrinking. There is also a risk. In addition, in the block in which the styrofoam block is perforated to improve the drainage property, the compression strength is reduced due to the perforation. In order to eliminate this drawback, it is necessary to reinforce with a vinyl chloride pipe or the like, which makes the process complicated, and there is a drawback that sand and the like are easily clogged in the vinyl chloride pipe and drainage is affected.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a water-permeable lightweight block which has good drainage (water permeability), strength, and solvent resistance and is suitable mainly as a lightweight block for constructing a ground structure. is there.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention found that a foamed lightweight block having the above-mentioned object can be obtained by foaming and integrating foamed styrene with an open-cell foaming resin. Has reached the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a water-permeable lightweight block in which styrofoam is integrated with an open-cell foam resin.

Further, according to the present invention, the lightweight embankment structure is characterized in that the water-permeable lightweight block is installed on the ground, and the water-permeable lightweight block is filled in a void in the ground. Alternatively, the present invention provides a ground drainage structure characterized by being buried in the ground.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention will be described in detail below.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is obtained by integrating styrofoam with an open-cell foam resin and molding it into a desired shape and size.

The shape of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a prismatic shape, a cylindrical shape, a flat plate shape, and the prismatic shape is particularly preferable as shown in FIG.

When the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is prismatic, its dimensions are preferably 50 to 100 cm in width and 1 in length.
The thickness is from 00 to 300 cm and the thickness is from 30 to 100 cm.

The porosity of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is preferably 20 to 50%, more preferably 25 to 50%.
45%. If the porosity is less than 20%, the water permeability is difficult, and if it exceeds 50%, the strength of the water permeable lightweight block is lowered, and sand or the like is easily clogged, which adversely affects drainage, which is not preferable.

The water permeability of the water permeable lightweight block of the present invention is preferably 10 ^-2 cm / sec or more. When the water permeability is less than 10 ^-2 cm / sec, a sufficient drainage effect cannot be obtained, which is not preferable.

The shape of the styrofoam used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, a round bar shape,
The shape may be a scale shape, a chip shape or the like, and a round bar shape is particularly preferable as shown in FIG. When the styrofoam is in the shape of a round rod, its major axis is preferably 0.5 to 15 cm, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0 cm. If waste polystyrene foam is used as the polystyrene foam, industrial waste can be effectively used.

Examples of the open-cell foam resin used in the present invention include urethane resins such as soft urethane, hard urethane and semi-hard urethane.

As the urethane resin, a completely non-fluorocarbon prescription urethane resin is preferable. Here, the above-mentioned completely non-CFC formula means trichloromonofluoromethane (CFC-11) which is a specific CFC generally used as a foaming agent for urethane resin, and dichloromonofluoroethane (CFC-141b) which is an alternative CFC. It is a formulation that does not use CFC substances that destroy the ozone layer, such as, as a foaming agent for urethane resins. Examples of the foaming agent which replaces the CFC substance include water.

The urethane resin can be produced by using a polyol as a raw material. As the polyol, a hydrophilic polyol mainly containing ethylene oxide, a hydrophobic polyol mainly containing non-ethylene oxide, an ethylene oxide and a non-ethylene oxide are used. And hydrophilic / hydrophobic polyols in which

When the above-mentioned hydrophilic polyol is used, an open-cell foamed resin excellent in water absorption can be obtained, which is suitable for the ground having a large amount of water. When the hydrophobic polyol is used, the open-cell foam resin itself does not have water absorption, but a strong-strength open-cell foam resin can be obtained, which is suitable for the ground requiring strength. . Further, when a hydrophilic / hydrophobic polyol is used, an open-celled foamed resin having a property intermediate between those two is obtained, which is suitable for a ground with a high water content and a ground requiring strength. .

When formulating the above-mentioned completely non-CFC-formulated urethane resin, the urethane resin may contain a flame retardant such as trichloroisopropyl phosphate (TMCP) shown in Example 1 to be described later. In this case, the water-permeable lightweight block itself of the present invention is made flame-retardant, which improves safety in handling at a work site. That is, even if a fire such as on-site welding work ignites, it does not spread due to its self-extinguishing property. In addition, there is an advantage that a large cavity is not generated even when it is buried in the ground.

In the present invention, the amount of the open-cell foamed resin used is preferably 50 based on the polystyrene foam.
~ 250 wt%, more preferably 100-200 wt%
Is. If the amount used is less than 50% by weight, adhesion will be insufficient, and if it exceeds 250% by weight, it will be difficult to obtain an open-cell foamed resin, which is not preferable.

In the present invention, if a closed-cell foam resin is used instead of the open-cell foam resin, the light weight block is impermeable and the drainage property is poor as in the case of the styrofoam block. , When the water level in the construction site area rises, a very large buoyancy due to the light weight of the closed-cell foam resin acts, and an unnecessary pressing load is required to offset this buoyancy, No effect.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can be joined to a foamed synthetic resin block (a block other than urethane resin), and the joining has the effect of increasing the strength.
Examples of the foamed synthetic resin forming the foamed synthetic resin block include polystyrene resin, phenol resin, isocyanurate resin and the like.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is particularly suitable when the foamed synthetic resin block is joined, particularly in FIGS. 4 and 5.
As shown in (b), foamed synthetic resin blocks are bonded to both sides, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), foamed synthetic resin blocks are bonded to one side, and as shown in FIG. Although the foamed synthetic resin block may be joined in a shape, it is particularly preferable that the water-permeable lightweight block is joined to one side [Fig. 5 (a)] or both sides [Figs. 4 and 5 (b)].

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can, of course, be mass-produced as a standard product in a factory. It can also be filled and molded along the ground shape. In addition, the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can be filled in a predetermined form and molded into a constant shape even at the construction site of ground construction, and has an extremely excellent workability in civil engineering work.

The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is mainly used as a water-permeable lightweight block for ground construction used on soft ground or slopes.

The usage of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 2, the water-permeable lightweight block 1 of the present invention is constructed by stacking several layers on the ground 5 and covering it with earth and sand as a coating layer 4 to construct a water-filled embankment structure. You can

The water-permeable lightweight block 1 of the present invention is
As shown in FIG. 3, a gap between the slope 5 ′ of the ground 5 and the retaining wall 6 is stacked in several layers and covered with earth and sand as a covering layer 4 to construct a slope structure with excellent water permeability. can do.

Further, the water-permeable lightweight block 1 of the present invention in which the foamable synthetic resin block 7 is joined is as shown in FIG.
In the space between the slope 5'of the ground 5 and the retaining wall 6, several blocks of the same type are stacked, and the earth and sand are covered on the block 4
It is possible to construct a slope structure having excellent water permeability. According to the above slope structure, the water-permeable portion is continuous, the water supply (mizumichi) is secured, and the non-water-permeable portion is present to increase the strength. Is preferred.

In the embankment structure and slope structure having the above-mentioned structure, since the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention allows only water to pass without passing sand or earth and sand, extremely water-permeable ones can be obtained. Moreover, the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can be applied in a wide range because of its strength, durability and workability on site.

The lightweight embankment structure of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention installed on the ground. According to the lightweight embankment structure of the present invention, the groundwater from the back surface is not discharged from the front surface and the groundwater is not stored in the back surface due to the water permeability function of the water permeable lightweight block, so that the embankment structure can be kept stable. . The structure shown in FIG.
It is an example of the lightweight embankment structure of the present invention.

The ground drainage structure of the present invention is one in which the above-described water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is filled in the voids in the ground and / or is buried in the ground. According to the ground drainage structure of the present invention, water can be easily discharged from the ground where the flow of water is blocked by an obstacle having no water permeability. The structure shown in FIG. 3 is also an example of the ground drainage structure of the present invention.

When the water level of the ground constructed by the water permeable lightweight block of the present invention is lowered, water flows out to the outside and the function as the water permeable lightweight block is maintained. Furthermore, the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention has flexibility, can follow changes in the ground, and has sufficient strength to withstand a compressive load.

[0035]

EXAMPLES The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention will be further described below along with its manufacturing method.

Example 1 13 kg of round rod-shaped styrofoam (density 22 kg / m ³ ) was preheated to 40 to 50 ° C. and made of aluminum (width 10
While being pressed into 0 cm, 200 cm in length, and 50 cm in thickness, 25 kg of a continuous cellulosic hard urethane stock solution having a completely non-CFC formula was injected and foamed. After curing and curing for 1 hour, the mold was removed to obtain a water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention having voids in the block. The density of the obtained water-permeable lightweight block is about 3
7 kg / m ³ , compressive strength is 1 to ² kgf / cm ² when deformed by 5%,
The porosity was 35% and the water permeability (constant water level) was 1.6 cm / sec.

Here, the formulation (composition) of the above-mentioned continuous cell rigid urethane stock solution of the complete non-Freon formulation is as follows. <A component (polyol component)> ··································· 60 parts (sucrose and glycerin with 30% ethylene oxide and 70% propylene oxide added thereto Hydrophilic / hydrophobic polyetherpolyol having a hydroxyl value of 450 mgKOH / g ・ Polyol ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ 40 parts (Propylene oxide added to propylene glycol) Hydrophobic value 56 mgK OH / g hydrophobic polyether polyol) ・ Flame retardant (trichloroisopropyl phosphate) ・ ・ ・ 20 parts ・ Amine-based catalyst (TOYOCAT N81) ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ 1.0 part ・Silicon-based foaming agent (L-5420) ... 3.0 parts-Foaming agent (water) ... ..4.0 copies <B component (polyisocyanate component)> Polymeric MDI: 140 parts

Example 2 13 kg of round rod-shaped styrofoam (density 22 kg / m ³ ),
A mixture of polyether diol and monomolecular glycol and 20 kg of a water-based urethane adhesive obtained by imparting a hydrophilic function to a polyurethane main chain composed of diisocyanate are mixed and sufficiently stirred, and then preheated to 40 to 50 ° C. It was pushed into a heated aluminum mold (width 100 cm, length 200 cm, thickness 50 cm) and dried and aged for 12 hours. Next, 25 kg of an open-celled soft urethane stock solution having a completely non-CFC formula was injected and foamed. After curing and curing for 1 hour, the mold was removed to obtain a water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention having voids in the block. The density of the resulting water-permeable lightweight block is about 5
5 kg / m ³ , compressive strength is 1 to ² kgf / cm ² at 5% deformation,
The porosity was 31%, and the hydraulic conductivity (constant water level) was 1.5 cm / sec.

Here, the formulation (composition) of the above-mentioned continuous-cell soft urethane stock solution of the complete non-Freon formulation is as follows. <A component (polyol component)> Polyether: 50 parts (Glycerin was mixed with 70% ethylene oxide and 30% propylene oxide) Hydrophilic / hydrophobic polyether polyol with a hydroxyl value of 50 mgKOH / g) Polyether ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ 40 parts (Propylene glycol 70% ethylene oxide and propylene oxide) Hydrophilic / hydrophobic polyetherpolyol having a hydroxyl value of 23 mgKOH / g added with 30% Polyether 10 parts (glycerin and propylene) Hydroxide polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 56 mgKOH / g added with oxide) Catalyst (stana octoate / triethylenediamine) ... 2 0 parts ・ Foaming agent (Silicone F-114) ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ 1.0 parts ・ Foaming agent (water) ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・····· 3.0 parts <B component (polyisocyanate component)> · TDI-80 ···· 40 parts

[0040]

When the urethane resin is used as the open-cell foam resin, the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention is integrated with the urethane foam having excellent solvent resistance and the surface thereof is coated. Excellent solvent resistance. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can provide a ground structure having flexibility, capable of following changes in the ground, and having sufficient strength to withstand a compressive load. The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention in which the foamed synthetic resin block is joined has the effect of increasing the strength by joining. The water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention can be manufactured from waste polystyrene foam and can effectively reuse industrial waste. According to the lightweight embankment structure of the present invention, the groundwater from the back surface is not discharged from the front surface and the groundwater is not stored in the back surface due to the water permeability function of the water permeable lightweight block, so that the embankment structure can be kept stable. . According to the ground drainage structure of the present invention, since groundwater can continuously flow in and out in the vertical and horizontal directions of the permeable lightweight block, even when the water level rises, the buoyancy is reduced and the accompanying pressing load is reduced. Can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of an embankment structure constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention in which foamed synthetic resin blocks are joined.

5 (a), (b) and (c) are cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention, in which foamed synthetic resin blocks are joined together.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope structure constructed using the water-permeable lightweight block of the present invention in which foamed synthetic resin blocks are joined.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Water-permeable lightweight block 2 Open-cell foam resin 3 Round-rod foam polystyrene 4 Cover layer 5 Ground 5'Slope 6 Retaining wall 7 Foam synthetic resin block 8 Void

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Seiji Satake 7-35 Higashiohisa, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo Within Asahi Denka Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shunsuke Shimada 2-15-10 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Reinforced Soil Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A water-permeable lightweight block comprising expanded polystyrene integrated with an open-cell foam resin. 2. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 1, wherein the open-cell foam resin is a completely non-CFC prescription urethane resin. 3. The water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 1, wherein foamed synthetic resin blocks are joined together. 4. A lightweight embankment structure comprising the water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 1 installed on the ground. 5. A ground drainage structure comprising the water-permeable lightweight block according to claim 1 filled in a void in the ground or embedded in the ground.