JPH085996Y2 - Safety equipment for work machines - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling a safe operation during suspension traveling of a working machine such as a crane in which an upper swing body is installed on a lower traveling body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a working machine such as a crane having an upper revolving structure, hoisting work is generally performed with the lower traveling structure stopped, but in some cases, traveling operation is performed with the load being hoisted. May occur. During such suspension traveling, the lifting capacity is inevitably significantly reduced.

[0003] Fig. 5 shows an example of a hoisting capability during hoisting traveling set in a conventional work machine.
In this figure, the lifting capacity is represented by the allowable work radius when the lifting load is constant. As shown in the figure,
In the conventional work machine, the large allowable work radius R1 is set only in the front limited area, and the allowable work radius R2 smaller than the allowable work radius R1 is set in most of the other areas. The angle α of the region is about 2 ° across the center line in the front-rear direction, which is extremely small. Then, the limit switch or the like is used to detect in which region the upper revolving structure is located, and control is performed to set the allowable work radius according to the detection result.

However, according to the above-mentioned region, even if a load having a predetermined weight can be lifted in the front region having a large capacity, the upper revolving superstructure is slightly revolved during the suspension traveling in that state. Only then, the lifted state will suddenly come off the work area. Therefore, conventionally, when traveling after lifting a load in the front area, in order to prevent accidental turning operation, it is recommended that the upper revolving structure be fixed to the front position in advance with a turning brake or the like. Is being done.

[0005]

By fixing the upper revolving structure at the front position as described above, there is almost no risk that the upper revolving structure will come out of the allowable work area during the suspension traveling. The upper revolving structure is fixed manually by the driver, and there is still a possibility that the suspension traveling is performed without forgetting the fixing operation. That is,
It cannot be said that the conventional device completely prevents the turning in the dangerous direction during suspension traveling, and it is desired to develop a device capable of more reliably performing safe operation.

On the contrary, when the hoisting load in the front area is small and the working radius is small, the upper revolving superstructure is safely revolved during the suspension traveling even if the upper revolving superstructure is not fixed at the front position. However, in this case, the driver must carefully judge whether or not the upper swing body can safely swing to the side in the current lifting state before starting the swing motion. Therefore, the burden on the driver is excessive.

In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a safety device for a working machine, which can enhance the safety during suspension traveling and reduce the burden on the driver.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, an upper revolving structure is installed on a lower traveling structure so as to be revolvable, and the upper revolving structure can be switched between a fixed state at a front position and a released state. In a working machine provided with means, a detection means for detecting whether or not the upper swing body is fixed by the swing restriction means, and a case where the upper swing body is detected to be fixed by the detection means Set the first lifting capacity when the above working machine is running,
Ability to set a second hoisting capability lower than the first hoisting capability over the entire turning region when the work machine is hoisted when the upper revolving structure is detected to be released by the detection means. The setting means and the safe operation control means for controlling the safe operation of the upper swing body during the suspension traveling based on the lifting capacity set by the capacity setting means.

[0009]

According to the above construction, the first lifting capacity, specifically, the conventional device is provided when the upper swing body is fixed to the front position, that is, when the upper swing body is not likely to swing to the side. At, a high lifting capacity similar to that set in the front area is set. On the other hand, when the upper swing body is released, that is, when the upper swing body is always swingable, the second lifting capacity smaller than the first lifting capacity is set over the entire swing area. Therefore, the driver can safely perform the turning operation without considering the change in ability with respect to the change in the turning angle.

[0010]

FIG. 2 shows a crane CR as an example of a working machine to which the present invention is applied. The present invention is not limited to such a crane CR, but can be applied to various work machines in which the upper revolving structure is installed so as to be rotatable with respect to the lower traveling structure.

This crane CR has a lower frame 100 (having a lower traveling structure) 100 having wheels and capable of traveling,
The vertical swing shaft 10 with respect to the lower frame 100
And a boom foot (constituting an upper swing body) 102 that is installed so as to be rotatable around
A telescopic boom (constituting an upper swing body) BM including _N boom members B _{1 to} BN is attached to the. This boom BM is expanded and contracted by the hoisting cylinder 110,
Can be rotated around a horizontal rotation shaft 103 (can be undulated)
The rope 1 at the tip (boom point)
The load C is hung at 04. In addition, at the four corners of the front, rear, left, and right of the lower frame 100, the outrigger jacks 10 which are laterally extended at the time of the stop work.
5 are provided.

3 and 4 show a swing lock device for fixing the upper swing body to the front position with respect to the lower frame 100. In the figure, reference numeral 106 denotes a bottom plate of the upper swing body, and the swing lock pin 12 is provided so as to be able to move up and down with respect to the bottom plate 106. The swivel lock pin 12 has a vertical shaft 16 that penetrates the bottom plate 106 in the vertical direction, and a pin body 14 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical shaft 16.
A handle 18 is fixed to the upper end portion. On the other hand, a reinforcing plate 107 is fixed on the top plate 100a of the lower frame 100, and a pin hole 108 is formed so as to vertically pass through both the reinforcing plate 107 and the top plate 100a. , The pin body 14 with respect to the pin hole 108
Can be inserted and removed vertically.

An engaging pin 19 is provided at a substantially intermediate portion of the shaft 16.
Is projected to the side. On the other hand, the bottom plate 106
A lock pin support bracket 20 having an L-shape in plan view (see FIG. 4) is provided upright at a position near the shaft 16 of the swing lock pin 12 in the above, and the lock pin support bracket 20 is engaged with the above-described engagement. A through groove 25 having a width that allows the pin 19 to pass therethrough is formed. The through groove 25 includes a first vertical groove 21 extending in the vertical direction, a first horizontal groove 22 horizontally extending from the upper end of the vertical groove 21, and a first horizontal groove 22 extending from the end of the first horizontal groove 22. The second horizontal groove 23 extends in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the horizontal groove 22 and the second vertical groove 24 extends downward from the end of the second horizontal groove 23.

Then, the swivel lock pin 12 is lowered to a position where the engaging pin 19 comes into contact with the end (lower end) of the first vertical groove 21 while aligning the engaging pin 19 with the first vertical groove 21. By doing so, the pin body 14 becomes the pin hole 1
Each member is arranged so that the upper swing body is fixed to the lower frame 100 in a forward position in a non-turnable manner by being inserted into the inner ring 08 (solid line position in FIG. 3). Further, in this locked state, the handle 18 is grasped to pull up the entire turning lock pin 12, and the engaging pin 19 turns at the point where it reaches the upper end of the first vertical groove 21 (upper two-dot chain line position in FIG. 3). By rotating the lock pin 12 as a whole in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4 (the direction from the solid line position to the alternate long and two short dashes position in the figure), the engaging pin 19 is passed through the first horizontal groove 22 and the second horizontal groove 23. By further dropping the engaging pin 19 into the second upper and lower groove 24 from this position (see FIG. 3).
Lower two-dot chain line position), the pin body 14 lock hole 108
The swivel lock pin 12 can be locked to the lock pin support bracket 20 in a state of being pulled out.

Further, the lock pin support bracket 2
On the outer surface of 0, a swing lock detection switch 26 including a limit switch is provided. This swing lock detection switch 26 has a detection plate 28, and in a state where the engagement pin 19 of the swing lock pin 12 is in the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, that is, in a state where it is located at the lower end of the first vertical groove 21. Only, the engaging pin 19 is arranged at a position where the detection plate 28 is pressed. That is, the swing lock detection switch 26 is turned on only when the swing lock pin 12 is lowered and the pin body 14 is inserted into the lock hole 108, in other words, when the upper swing body is fixed at the front position. It can be switched.

As shown in FIG. 1, the crane CR includes a boom BM in addition to the swing lock detection switch 26.
A work radius detecting means 30 for detecting the work radius R (see FIG. 2), a hoisting capacity detecting means 32 for detecting the hoisting load W (see FIG. 2) of the boom BM, and the like are provided. The various detection signals of are input to the controller 40 shown in FIG.

The controller 40 comprises a first capacity storage means 41, a second capacity storage means 42, a capacity selection means 44, and a safe operation control means 46.

First capacity storing means (constituting capacity setting means)
The reference numeral 41 stores the maximum hoisting capacity (first hoisting capacity) that can be given to the upper revolving superstructure when it is assumed that the upper revolving superstructure is fixed at the front position during hoisting traveling of the crane CR. The capacity storage means (constituting capacity setting means) 42 stores the maximum hoisting capacity (second hoisting capacity) capable of safely turning the upper revolving superstructure over the entire circumference during hanging traveling. Therefore, the first lifting capacity is larger than the second lifting capacity. Specifically, these hoisting capacities are stored in the form of an allowable hoisting load (rated load) corresponding to various work radii R. Therefore, when the work radius R is constant,
The rated load stored in the first capacity storage means 41 has a larger value than that stored in the second capacity storage means 42.

Ability selecting means (constituting ability setting means) 44
Receives a detection signal from the swing lock detection switch 26 and is ON, that is, the swing lock pin 12
When it is detected that the upper revolving structure is locked by, the first hoisting capacity stored in the first capacity storage means 41 is set as the actual hoisting capacity, and conversely the detection signal is detected. Is off, that is, when it is detected that the lock by the turning lock pin 12 is released, the second lifting capacity stored in the second capacity storing means 42 is set as the actual lifting capacity. It is set over the entire circumference (that is, for all turning angles).

The safe operation control means 46 controls the safe operation of the upper swing body based on the lifting capacity selected by the capacity selecting means 44. Specifically, the current work state is grasped based on the work radius R detected by the work radius detection means 30 and the hoisting load W of the boom BM detected by the hoisting load detection means 32. When the lifting capacity is about to be exceeded, a control signal is output to the alarm device 52 to give an alarm, and when the lifting capacity is reached, a control signal is output to the swing hydraulic circuit 50 and the boom form control hydraulic circuit 54. By doing,
The control is performed to forcibly stop the operation of increasing the working radius R (that is, the extension operation of the boom B and the slightly falling operation) and the hoisting operation of the rope 104.

Next, the operation of this device will be described.

First, the swing lock pin 12 shown in FIGS.
When the upper revolving structure is fixed at the front position by lowering the swivel lock, the swivel lock detection switch 26
Is switched on, and a relatively large first lifting capacity is set in the capacity selecting means 44. In this state, even if the swinging operation of the upper swing body is mistakenly performed, the upper swing body cannot actually swing sideways because the swing lock pin 12 is fixed, so that a large first lifting capacity is set. However, the safety of the crane CR is not impaired.

On the other hand, when the swing lock pin 12 is pulled up to release the lock of the upper swing body, the swing lock detection switch 26 is turned off by this releasing operation, and the ability selecting means 44 rotates all around. A second lifting capacity is set that is acceptable over. That is,
When the upper revolving structure is capable of revolving, the lifting capacity that can safely revolve around the entire circumference will be set.
In this state, the lifting capacity does not change due to the swing of the upper swing body.

As described above, this device detects whether or not the swing lock is performed, rather than setting the lifting ability according to the swing angle regardless of the presence or absence of the swing lock as in the prior art. Only when the swing lock is engaged,
Since the large first lifting capacity corresponding to the forward capacity is set, the large first lifting capacity is not set unless the turning lock operation is performed, which improves the safety. Can be fulfilled.
On the contrary, in the state where the swing lock is not performed, the allowable second small lifting capacity is set for the entire swing range, and therefore the driver can change the lifting capacity with respect to the change in the swing angle in this state. It is possible to perform the turning operation with peace of mind without considering the change, and thereby to significantly reduce the burden on the driver.

The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, but can take the following modes as an example.

(1) In the above embodiment, the swing lock pin 12 is provided as a means for fixing the upper swing body, but the swing restricting means in the present invention can securely fix the upper swing body at the front position. However, a turning brake may be used.

(2) In the present invention, the safe operation control means 4
The present invention can be applied to various operations that can ensure the safety of the work machine, regardless of the specific type of the safe operation controlled by 6.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is detected whether or not the upper swing body is fixed at the front position, and if it is fixed, the first lifting capacity is set and the upper swing structure is released. In this case, the second lifting capacity, which is lower than the first lifting capacity, is set over the entire swing area, so that the large first lifting capacity is set only when the upper swing body does not swing. As a result, the safety can be improved, and in the state in which the upper swing body is released, a small second value that is allowable in the entire swing area can be obtained.
By setting the lifting capacity of the driver, there is no need for the driver to consider the change in the lifting capacity with respect to the change in the turning angle during the turning operation, and this can significantly reduce the burden on the driver. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a controller included in a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the crane.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional side view showing a swing lock device for fixing an upper swing body in the crane.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the swing lock device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the lifting capacity set during the suspension traveling in the conventional device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 swivel lock pin (swing restriction means) 26 swivel lock detection switch (detection means) 40 controller 41 first ability storage means (constituting ability setting means) 42 second ability storage means (constituting ability setting means) 44 ability selecting means (Constitution of capacity setting means) 46 Safe operation control means 100 Lower frame (constitution of lower traveling body) 102 Boom foot (constitution of upper revolving structure) BM boom (constitution of upper revolving structure)

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A working machine comprising an upper revolving structure rotatably installed on a lower traveling structure, and a revolving mechanism for switching the upper revolving structure between a fixed state and a released state. Detection means for detecting whether or not the upper swing body is fixed by the swing restriction means,
If the detection means detects that the upper revolving structure is fixed, the first lifting capacity is set for the traveling traveling of the work machine, and the upper revolving structure is released by the detection means. When is detected, the capacity setting means for setting the second lifting capacity lower than the first lifting capacity over the entire turning region when the working machine is lifted and running, and the lifting set by the capacity setting means. A safety device for a working machine, comprising: a safe operation control means for controlling a safe operation of the upper swing body during the suspension traveling based on the ability.