JPH0856116A - Microstrip antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the effective gain constant at all times turnably by mounting the lst dielectric board on a 2nd board while a radiation element of the lst board keeps electromagnetic coupling with a microstrip line of the 2nd board so as to make a polarized wave characteristic unchanged even when a portable radio equipment is used with a tilt. CONSTITUTION:An antenna element 3 made of a metallic coating film is provided on a front side of a lst dielectric board 1 and a strip conductor 4 and a ground conductor 5 made of a metallic film are coated on a front side of the 2nd dielectric board 2. The board 1 is superposed on the board 2 so that an antenna circuit shaft 8 provided on the board 1 and an antenna turning shaft support section 10 provided on the board 2 are matched with each other, an antenna cover 9 is superposed on the board 1 so as to freely turn the board 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an antenna for a portable radio device, and more particularly, when the portable radio device is actually used, the antenna effective gain can be kept constant even if the inclination angle thereof changes. Machine microstrip antenna.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The antenna of a conventional portable wireless device is usually fixedly attached to the housing of the portable wireless device. Therefore, if the portable wireless device is tilted, the antenna is also used in a tilted state.

FIG. 32 is a diagram for explaining the actual use state of the portable wireless device, and FIG. 32 (a) shows the structure of the portable wireless device.
(B) has shown the state where the person is using this. In the figure, reference numeral 50 is a housing of the portable wireless device, 51 is a radiating element of a conventional microstrip antenna mounted on the back surface of the housing 50, and 52 is a feeding point of the microstrip antenna radiating element 51. As shown in the figure,
In the conventional portable wireless device having such a configuration, the microstrip antenna operates as a vertically polarized antenna when the wireless device 50 is in the upright state.

However, as shown in FIG.
In the actual call state, the portable wireless device
3 is used and the ear of the human head 54 is in contact with the handset of the portable wireless device, resulting in about 6 from the vertical direction.
It is used with being tilted at 0 °. Therefore, the polarization characteristics of the antenna have directivity not only for vertically polarized waves but also for horizontally polarized waves, and the antenna effective gain decreases.

FIG. 33 shows changes in the antenna effective gain with respect to the tilt angle of the portable wireless device housing.
Shows the tilt of the portable wireless device, and (b) shows the relationship of the antenna effective gain with respect to the tilt angle. From the figure, it can be seen that when the tilt angle is 90 °, the effective gain is reduced by about 10 dB.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional portable wireless device, the polarization characteristic of the antenna changes depending on how the user actually uses it. Therefore, vertical polarization is used as the main polarization. In the land mobile communication system, the effective antenna gain decreases as the tilt angle of the portable radio changes.
There was a problem of fluctuation.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems.
Achieves a portable wireless device antenna that can maintain the effective gain of the antenna constantly without changing the polarization characteristics of the antenna even when the tilt angle of the portable wireless device changes due to the actual usage conditions of the user. Then, an object of the present invention is to provide a portable wireless device having excellent call quality.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problems are solved by the means described in the claims.

That is, the invention of claim 1 has at least one radiating element made of a metal coating, and a shaft or a bearing orthogonal to the surface of the radiating element or a hole penetrating the shaft is provided at a position outside the center of gravity in the surface. A first dielectric substrate and a ground conductor made of a metal coating on one surface, and at least one opening is provided in the ground conductor,

The second dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip line made of a metal film on the other surface, and the radiating element of the first dielectric substrate and the microstrip line of the second dielectric substrate. Is a microstrip antenna in which the first dielectric substrate is rotatably mounted on the second dielectric substrate while maintaining electromagnetic coupling through the opening provided in the ground conductor.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the first dielectric substrate is formed by depositing at least one radiating element on each of both surfaces thereof.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first dielectric substrate is provided with two dielectric plates having at least one radiating element made of a metal coating on one surface thereof. It is formed by stacking so that the dielectric surface of the dielectric plate and the surface of the other dielectric plate on which the radiation element is present face each other.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first dielectric substrate having at least one radiating element made of a metal film on one surface, and a ground conductor made of the metal film on one surface,
Providing at least one opening in the ground conductor,
A second dielectric substrate provided with a microstrip line made of a metal coating on the other surface,

While the radiating element of the first dielectric substrate and the microstrip line of the second dielectric substrate are electromagnetically coupled through the opening provided in the ground conductor,
The first dielectric substrate is rotatably mounted on the second dielectric substrate and further has a third dielectric substrate having a ground conductor made of a metal coating on one surface thereof. This is a microstrip antenna in which a strip line of a dielectric substrate and a dielectric surface of a third dielectric substrate are attached so as to face each other.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the invention according to the fourth aspect, the ground conductor of the second dielectric substrate and the ground conductor of the third dielectric substrate are connected by a metal conductor.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first dielectric substrate having at least one radiating element made of a metal coating on one surface, and a ground conductor made of the metal coating on one surface.
Providing at least one opening in the ground conductor,
A second dielectric substrate provided with a microstrip line made of a metal coating on the other surface,

While the radiating element of the first dielectric substrate and the microstrip line of the second dielectric substrate are electromagnetically coupled through the opening provided in the ground conductor,
Axially rotatably mounting the first dielectric substrate on the second dielectric substrate,

Further, a metal conductor facing the ground conductor of the second dielectric substrate and having its periphery connected to the ground conductor and covering the microstrip line provided on the second dielectric substrate. The microstrip antenna is characterized in that a shield structure made of a plate is provided.

According to a seventh aspect of the invention, in the invention of the first to sixth aspects, the center of the rotation axis of the first dielectric substrate is
The radiating element on the first dielectric substrate is set at a position off the center.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first to seventh aspects, the tip end portion of the microstrip line is
It has a patch shape.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the radiating element according to the first to eighth aspects is provided with at least one of a slot and a notch.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the first to ninth aspects of the invention, the shape of the first dielectric substrate is formed so as to be asymmetrical about the rotation center of the first dielectric substrate. Moreover, the dielectric substrate is configured to fit within the radius of gyration of the radiating element.

The invention of claim 11 is defined by claim 1 to claim 10.
In the invention described above, the first dielectric substrate is provided with a rotating structure capable of rotating only within a certain angle range.

The invention of claim 12 is defined by claim 1 to claim 11.
In the invention described above, a dielectric member having a low friction coefficient is arranged between the first dielectric substrate and the ground conductor of the second dielectric substrate.

[0025]

When the microstrip antenna of the present invention is mounted in the housing of a portable wireless device and is actually used, if the portable wireless device tilts, the second dielectric substrate also tilts at the same time. However, the first dielectric substrate is provided with a rotation shaft at a position where the center of gravity is removed, and can rotate independently of the second dielectric substrate (for example, the first dielectric substrate is This is realized by providing a weight), and the first dielectric substrate rotates about the antenna rotation axis, and can always maintain a constant position.

At this time, since the antenna radiating element provided on the first dielectric substrate is fed to the microstrip line provided on the second dielectric substrate by electromagnetic coupling, the antenna radiating element is always vertical. It operates so as to have sensitivity to polarized waves, and it is possible to always shift the polarization characteristics in the vertical direction.

In the inventions of claims 2 and 3, the second aspect
Since the radiating elements of 1 are stacked, resonance can be obtained at two different frequencies. Further, this also makes it possible to widen the frequency bandwidth.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, since the third dielectric substrate having the ground conductor is superposed on the microstrip line, unnecessary radiation to the rear of the antenna radiated from the microstrip line and the slot is suppressed. Therefore, the antenna gain can be improved.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the ground conductor having the slot and the ground conductor shielding the microstrip line are connected to each other by a through hole or the like so that the current flowing through both the ground conductors is in front of the slot. By merging, the TEM wave propagating between both ground conductors is suppressed, and good resonance characteristics can be obtained.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, by shielding the microstrip line by using the ground conductor, unnecessary radiation to the rear of the antenna radiated from the microstrip line and the slot can be suppressed, so that the antenna gain is improved. Can be made.

According to the invention of claim 7, since the antenna rotation axis is provided at a position deviated from the center of the radiating element, the bandwidth can be widened.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, by forming the tip of the microstrip line into a patch shape, a resonator is formed, and the TEM wave propagating between the ground conductors is suppressed, and good resonance characteristics are obtained. To be

According to the ninth aspect of the invention, by providing the slot and the notch in the antenna radiating element, the resonance frequency can be reduced, that is, the antenna can be downsized without changing the dimension of the radiating element.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, since the shape of the first dielectric substrate is formed so as to be asymmetric with respect to the antenna rotation axis, when the first dielectric substrate itself is provided with a weight. It acts to have the same function as.

In the eleventh aspect of the present invention, since the first dielectric substrate is provided with a stopper that can rotate only within a certain angle range, the radiating element can be rotated within a limited angular range and a desired frequency can be obtained. It can be operated only in the rotation angle range that satisfies the bandwidth.

According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, the dielectric substrate having a low friction coefficient is inserted between the first dielectric substrate having the antenna radiating element and the second dielectric substrate. The stability when the radiating element rotates increases, and the distance between the ground conductor and the antenna radiating element becomes constant, and good resonance characteristics can be obtained.

[0037]

1 is a view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA, (c).
Shows a sectional view taken along line BB. In FIG. 6A, the antenna cover 9 is shown in a cutaway state with a part left to clearly show the inside.

Note that the above relationships between the drawings (a) to (c),
Also, regarding the drawing of the antenna cover, the same expression as this drawing is used in the drawings of each of the following embodiments without any particular notice.

In FIG. 1, numeral 1 is a first dielectric substrate, 2 is a second dielectric substrate, and 3 is an antenna radiating element made of a metal film deposited on the surface of the first dielectric substrate, Reference numeral 4 denotes a strip conductor made of a metal coating applied to the surface of the second dielectric substrate, and 5 denotes a ground conductor made of a metal coating applied to the surface of the second dielectric substrate.

Further, 6 is an antenna plug, 7 is a weight provided on the first dielectric substrate, 8 is an antenna rotating shaft provided at the center of the antenna element, 9 is an antenna cover made of a dielectric material, Reference numeral 10 is an antenna rotating shaft support portion provided on the surface of the second dielectric substrate, and 11 is an antenna cover 9
An antenna rotation shaft support portion provided on the back surface of the substrate 2 and a slot 12 provided on the ground conductor 5 attached to the surface of the second dielectric substrate 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna rotating shaft 8 provided on the first dielectric substrate 1 and the antenna rotating shaft supporting portion 10 provided on the second dielectric substrate 2 are arranged so that they are aligned with each other. The first dielectric substrate 1 is overlaid on the dielectric substrate 2, and the antenna cover 9 is overlaid on the first dielectric substrate 1 so that the dielectric substrate 1 can rotate freely.

The antenna radiating element 3 has an element length set so as to have an electrical length of about ½ of the resonance wavelength in consideration of the dielectric constants of the dielectric substrates 1 and 2, and via the slot 12 provided in the ground conductor 5. Power is supplied from the microstrip line 4 by electromagnetic coupling, and resonance is obtained in a desired frequency band.

FIG. 2 shows the return loss of the antenna of this embodiment, and it can be seen that good resonance characteristics are obtained. FIG. 3 shows a change in frequency bandwidth in which VSWR becomes 2 or less when the antenna radiating element 3 rotates about the antenna rotation axis 8. It can be seen that a bandwidth of about 15 MHz is obtained even when the rotation angle of the antenna is 60 °.

FIG. 4 shows changes in radiation directivity of both vertical and horizontal polarized waves in the horizontal plane when the antenna radiating element 3 rotates about the antenna rotation axis 8. As shown in (b) of the figure, the maximum rotation angle is about 2.
Directivity gain of 0 dBd (dipole ratio) is obtained,
Even if the dielectric substrate 2 is tilted and the radiating element 3 is rotated (a)
It can be seen that the polarization characteristics at the time when the rotation angle is 0 ° are maintained and good radiation characteristics are realized.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which the portable wireless device is actually used. FIG. 5A shows an example of the portable wireless device, and FIG.
Indicates that a person is using a portable wireless device. When the antenna of the present invention is mounted and used in a portable wireless device as shown in FIG. 3A, the antenna radiating element is rotated by a weight. In FIG. 5, 3 is an antenna radiating element, 4 is a strip line, 5 is a grounding conductor, 27 is a radio device housing, and the portable radio device housing 27 is in an upright state.

At this time, since the portable wireless device is upright, the weight 7 is positioned at the lower end of the antenna due to gravity, which makes the antenna radiating element 3 sensitive to the vertically polarized wave. FIG. 2B shows a state where the portable wireless device is actually used, where 31 is the human head of the user and 30 is the hand of the user.

At this time, the portable radio casing 27 is tilted at an angle of about 60 ° beside the head 31 of the user, but the antenna radiating element 3 is rotated by the weight 7 about the antenna rotation axis 8. Then, it moves in a direction sensitive to vertical polarization as shown in (b).

That is, in the present embodiment, even if the tilt angle of the portable radio device is artificially changed by the user, the antenna radiating element always moves so as to have sensitivity to the vertically polarized wave, and the polarization characteristic. Therefore, it is possible to realize a portable wireless device with a constant antenna effective gain and excellent call quality.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a first dielectric substrate, 2 is a second dielectric substrate, 3 is an antenna radiating element made of a metal film deposited on the surface of the first dielectric substrate, and 4 is a second dielectric substrate. A strip conductor made of a metal film adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate, 5 is a ground conductor made of a metal film adhered to the surface of the second dielectric substrate, and 6 is an antenna plug.

Further, 7 is a weight provided on the first dielectric substrate, 8 is an antenna rotating shaft provided at a position deviated from the center of the antenna radiating element, 9 is an antenna cover made of a dielectric material, and 10 is a second. No. 11 is an antenna rotation shaft support provided on the surface of the dielectric substrate, 11 is an antenna rotation shaft support provided on the back surface of the antenna cover 9, and 12 is a ground attached to the surface of the second dielectric substrate 2. It is a slot provided in the conductor 5.

As shown in the figure, the antenna rotation shaft 8 provided on the first dielectric substrate 1 and the antenna rotation shaft support portion 10 provided on the second dielectric substrate 2 are arranged so that they are aligned with each other. The first dielectric substrate 1 is overlaid on the dielectric substrate 2, and the antenna cover 9 is overlaid on the first dielectric substrate 1 so that the dielectric substrate 1 can rotate freely.

The antenna radiating element 3 has its element length set so as to have an electrical length of about ½ of the resonance wavelength in consideration of the dielectric constants of the dielectric substrates 1 and 2. Antenna plug 6
High-frequency current input from the microstrip line 4
And is fed by electromagnetic coupling through the slot 12 provided in the ground conductor 5 to obtain resonance in a desired frequency band.

FIG. 7 shows changes in the frequency band in which VSWR becomes 2 or less when the antenna radiating element 3 rotates about the antenna rotation axis 8. A bandwidth of about 15 MHz is obtained even when the rotation angle of the antenna radiating element is 80 °, and the rotation angle at which VSWR is 2 or less as compared with the first embodiment in which the antenna rotation axis is provided at the center of the radiating element. It can be seen that both range and bandwidth have expanded dramatically.

FIG. 8 shows changes in radiation directivity of both vertically and horizontally polarized waves in the horizontal plane when the antenna radiating element 3 rotates about the antenna rotation axis 8. (B)
As shown in, even if the rotation angle is 60 °, the maximum is about 2.0 dB.
A directional gain of d (dipole ratio) is obtained, and even if the dielectric substrate 2 is tilted and the radiating element 3 is rotated, the polarization characteristics when the rotation angle is 0 ° as shown in (a). Is maintained,
It can be seen that good radiation characteristics are realized.

Further, when the antenna of the present invention is mounted and used in a portable wireless device, the dielectric substrate 1 can be rotated by the weight 7 about the antenna rotation axis 8 as a rotation center. As described above, the movement is always sensitive to vertical polarization, and the polarization characteristics are maintained.

That is, in the present embodiment, even if the tilt angle of the portable radio device is artificially changed by the user, the antenna radiating element always moves so as to have sensitivity to the vertical polarization, and the polarization characteristic Therefore, it is possible to realize a portable wireless device with a constant antenna effective gain and excellent call quality.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the dielectric substrate 2 and the dielectric substrate 1 are molded into a circular shape. FIG. 10 is a view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the dielectric substrate 2 is formed into a circular shape centered on the antenna rotation shaft support portion, and the dielectric substrate 1 and the radiating element 3 are formed into a rectangular shape. Is. Due to such a configuration, the present antenna can be constructed with a reduced weight while maintaining the necessary functions.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which a dielectric substrate 13 having a ground conductor 14 is superposed on a microstrip line 4 to form a triplate line. With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress unnecessary radiation to the rear of the antenna, which is radiated from the microstrip line and the slot, so that the antenna gain can be improved.

For example, the document “Omuro, Kuramoto, Endo:“ Millimeter-wave band slot-coupled microstrip array antenna ”(1992 IEICE Spring National Convention, B-
57) ”,“ The pattern on the back of the antenna is due to radiation from the power feeding circuit.
The ratio is about 10 dB. Radiation to the rear is suppressed by adding the shield plate, and a gain improvement of 0.5 dB is observed. It is stated.

FIG. 12 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which a microstrip line is shielded by a ground conductor plate to form a triplate structure, and like the above embodiments, the microstrip line and the slot are provided. Unwanted radiation radiated from the rear of the antenna can be suppressed, so that the antenna gain can be improved.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which the ground conductor 14 and the ground conductor 5 are end-entangled by a through hole 15. With such a configuration, the currents flowing through the ground conductor 14 and the ground conductor 5 are merged before the slot, so that the TEM wave propagating between the two ground conductors is suppressed and a good resonance characteristic is obtained.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which a resonator is constructed by forming the tip end portion of a microstrip line having a triplate structure into a patch shape. In FIG. 14, 16 is a patch at the tip of the microstrip line. With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the TEM wave propagating between both ground conductor plates without using a through hole.

FIG. 15 is a view showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention, in which a notch 17 and a slot 1 are formed in the antenna radiating element.
By providing 8, the resonance frequency is reduced, that is, the antenna is downsized. With such a configuration, the resonance frequency can be reduced without increasing the size of the antenna radiating element, so that this antenna can be mounted even in a wireless device with a small housing size such as a portable wireless device. Become.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention, which has a structure in which a second radiating element is stacked. In FIG. 16, 19 is a second radiating element and 20 is a dielectric substrate. With such a configuration, resonance can be obtained at two different frequencies. Further, this also makes it possible to widen the frequency bandwidth.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, second and third radiating elements are added on the same dielectric substrate 1 as the antenna radiating element. In FIG. 17, reference numeral 21 denotes a radiation element added on the same dielectric substrate 1 as the radiation element 3. Even with such a configuration, resonance can be obtained at three different frequencies, and the frequency bandwidth can be expanded.

FIG. 18 shows an example of possible slot shapes in the present invention. In the figure, (a) is a rectangle with rounded corners, (b) is an elliptical shape, and (c) is an H shape by vertically inserting a slot at the tip of the slot.
In (d), the tip of the slot is circular and the whole is dumbbell-shaped, and in (e), the corners of the H-shaped slot are circular. The slots and the microstrip lines in this figure should be shown by broken lines, but they are drawn by solid lines to clearly show their shapes.

Depending on the shape of these slots, the electric field intensity distribution on the slots changes. For example, in the slot having the shape shown in FIG. 18C, the input impedance can be increased three times or more as compared with the rectangular slot having the same length. The field distribution is more uniform and a stronger coupling is obtained, compared to slots of length.

[Reference (DM Pozar, SDTT
argonski: “improved couple”
ng for aperture coupled m
microstrip antennas ", Elect
ronics Letters, vol. 27, No.
13, 1991, pp. 1129-1131) "

By using these slots and selecting the slot shape, it is possible to obtain the optimum matching according to the antenna structure. 19 to 23 are views showing twelfth to sixteenth embodiments of the present invention, and show configuration examples of an antenna rotation shaft and an antenna rotation shaft support portion which are possible in the present invention.

In FIG. 19, 22 is the bearing of the antenna rotating shaft, and 23 is the antenna rotating shaft. Even with such a structure, the antenna radiating element is separated from the dielectric substrate 2 by a constant distance without separating from the dielectric substrate 2. Keeping 360
° Can rotate freely.

FIG. 20 shows an example of a structure in which the antenna rotating shaft bearing 22 is provided on the antenna cover 9. With such a structure, the antenna rotating shaft bearing and the antenna rotating shaft are connected to the slot and the antenna radiating element. A better resonance characteristic is obtained without hindering electromagnetic coupling with.

FIG. 21 shows an example of the structure in which the bearing 22 of the antenna rotating shaft is provided on the dielectric substrate 1 of the antenna radiating element. As in the above embodiment, the bearing of the antenna rotating shaft and the antenna rotating shaft form a slot. A better resonance characteristic can be obtained without disturbing the electromagnetic coupling with the antenna radiating element.

FIG. 22 shows a structure in which the bearing 22 of the antenna rotating shaft is provided on the dielectric substrate 1 of the antenna radiating element, and the antenna rotating shaft is fixed to the antenna cover 9 and the dielectric substrate 2. Different from other embodiments.

FIG. 23 shows an embodiment in which the antenna rotating shaft support portion is made of a metal cap or a dielectric material having a low friction coefficient. In the figure, reference numeral 24 is a dielectric material having a low coefficient of friction. The antenna rotation shaft support is made of a metal cap or has such a structure that wear of the antenna rotation shaft and the antenna rotation shaft support is reduced, and the antenna has a long service life. Can be realized.

Wear of the antenna rotary shaft and the antenna rotary shaft support can be reduced by making the antenna rotary shaft support and the part where the antenna rotary shaft contacts the antenna rotary shaft support by metal. Similarly, even when the antenna rotary shaft support and the antenna rotary shaft are made of a dielectric material having a low friction coefficient, the wear of the antenna rotary shaft and the antenna rotary shaft support is reduced, and the antenna life is extended. It becomes possible.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention, which shows a configuration example in which two slots are crossed. Figure 24 shows two slots orthogonal
It has a cross shape. FIG. 25 shows an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention in which the H-shaped slots shown in FIG. 18 (c) are crossed.

As a result, as compared with the case where a single slot is used, the fluctuation of the resonance frequency due to the rotation of the radiating element is reduced, and the uniform resonance characteristic can be realized. Besides the slots shown in this embodiment, the slots described in FIG. 18 can be combined.

26 to 28 are views showing the 19th to 21st embodiments of the present invention, in which a dielectric 25 having a low friction coefficient is inserted between the dielectric substrate 1 and the ground conductor 5. It is what FIG. 27 shows a ring-shaped dielectric material having a low friction coefficient. With such a configuration, the rotation of the antenna radiating element becomes smooth, the stability of the rotation increases, and the distance between the dielectric substrate 1 and the dielectric substrate 2 becomes constant, so that good resonance characteristics can be obtained. it can.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a twenty-second embodiment of the present invention, in which a rod made of a dielectric material is grounded so that the first dielectric substrate can rotate only within a certain angle range. It is provided above. In FIG. 21, reference numeral 26 denotes a rod made of a dielectric material, which is an example of a configuration in which the first dielectric substrate is rotatable in a rotation angle range of ± 45 °. With such a structure, the rotatable angular range of the radiating element can be limited, and the radiating element can be operated only in the rotational angular range in which a desired frequency bandwidth can be obtained.

30 and 31 show the twenty-third and second embodiments of the present invention.
4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of FIG. 4, in which the shape of the dielectric substrate 2 is formed so as to be asymmetrical about the antenna rotation axis 8 and the dielectric substrate 2 fits within the rotation radius of the radiating element 3. It is configured as follows.

In FIG. 30, the dielectric substrate 2 is formed into a circular shape, and the semicircular portion other than the radiating element is removed. With such a configuration, the dielectric substrate 2 functions in the same manner as a weight, and it is not necessary to newly provide a weight. In addition, the antenna can be made thinner than in the embodiment in which the weight is placed on the radiating element, and the radiating element is rotated because the dielectric substrate is formed so as to be within the turning radius of the radiating element. The antenna can be easily configured without increasing the space required for the antenna.

FIG. 31 shows an example in which the rotation angle range of the dielectric substrate 1 is limited to the range of an arbitrary angle β by providing a rod 26 made of a dielectric material and a protrusion on a part of the dielectric substrate 1. Therefore, as in the above-described embodiment, it can be operated only in the rotation angle range in which a desired frequency bandwidth can be obtained.

[0083]

As described above, according to the microstrip antenna of the present invention, even if the tilt angle of the portable wireless device is artificially changed by the user, the polarization characteristic of the antenna is changed. However, since the antenna effective gain is always constant, there is an advantage that it is possible to realize a portable wireless device with excellent call quality.

The advantages and disadvantages of the microstrip antennas of the respective embodiments are as described above. Among these, in particular, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, the first dielectric substrate The lower part functions in the same way as a weight and there is no need to add a new weight.

Further, as compared with the case where the weight is installed on the radiating element, the antenna can be made thinner, and the first dielectric substrate is formed so as to be within the turning radius of the radiating element. There is an advantage that the antenna can be configured easily without increasing the space required for rotating the antenna.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the return loss of the antenna of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a change in bandwidth at which VSWR becomes 2 or less when the antenna radiating element of the antenna according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention is rotated.

FIG. 4 shows radiation directivities of both vertical and horizontal polarized waves of the antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which the portable wireless device is actually used.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in bandwidth in which VSWR becomes 2 or less when the antenna radiating element of the antenna according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention is rotated.

FIG. 8 shows radiation directivities of both vertical and horizontal polarized waves of the antenna of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the shape of a slot.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a twentieth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a twenty-first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a twenty-second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a twenty-third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a twenty-fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating an actual usage state of a mobile wireless device.

FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a change in effective gain with respect to an antenna tilt angle.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, 13, 20 Dielectric substrate 3, 19, 21 Antenna radiating element 4 Microstrip line 5, 14 Ground conductor 6 Antenna plug 7 Weight 8 Antenna rotating shaft 9 Antenna cover 10, 11 Antenna rotating shaft support 12, 18 slot 15 through hole 16 patch at tip of microstrip line 17 notch 22 bearing of rotary shaft of antenna radiating element 23 antenna rotary shaft of antenna radiating element 24, 25 dielectric material having low friction coefficient 26 rod made of dielectric material 27 mobile radio Machine housing 28 Conventional microstrip antenna radiating element 29 Feed point of conventional microstrip antenna radiating element 30 User's hand 31 Human head

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A first dielectric having at least one radiating element made of a metal coating and having a shaft or a bearing orthogonal to the surface of the radiating element or a hole penetrating the shaft at a position deviated from the center of gravity in the surface. A second dielectric substrate having a substrate and a ground conductor formed of a metal coating on one surface, at least one opening being provided in the ground conductor, and a microstrip line formed of the metal coating on the other surface. The radiating element of the first dielectric substrate and the microstrip line of the second dielectric substrate are electromagnetically coupled through the opening provided in the ground conductor, 2. A microstrip antenna in which the dielectric substrate of 1) is rotatably mounted on the second dielectric substrate. 2. The microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric substrate has at least one radiating element deposited on each of both surfaces thereof. 3. A first dielectric substrate comprises two dielectric plates having at least one radiating element made of a metal coating on one surface thereof, a dielectric surface of one dielectric plate and a dielectric plate of the other. 2. The microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein the microstrip antenna is formed by stacking so as to face the surface on which the radiating element exists. 4. At least one comprising a metal coating on one surface
A first dielectric substrate having two radiating elements, a ground conductor made of a metal coating on one surface, at least one opening provided in the ground conductor, and a microstrip made of the metal coating on the other surface. A second dielectric substrate provided with a line, wherein the radiating element of the first dielectric substrate and the microstrip line of the second dielectric substrate are provided through an opening provided in a ground conductor. While maintaining electromagnetic coupling, the first dielectric substrate is rotatably mounted on the second dielectric substrate, and the third dielectric substrate has a ground conductor made of a metal film on one surface. A microstrip antenna, wherein the body substrate is attached so that the strip line of the second dielectric substrate and the dielectric surface of the third dielectric substrate face each other. 5. The microstrip antenna according to claim 4, wherein the ground conductor of the second dielectric substrate and the ground conductor of the third dielectric substrate are connected by a metal conductor. 6. A first dielectric substrate having at least one radiating element made of a metal coating on one surface, and a ground conductor made of a metal coating on one surface, and at least one opening in the ground conductor. And a second dielectric substrate having a microstrip line formed of a metal coating on the other surface thereof, the radiation element of the first dielectric substrate and the micro of the second dielectric substrate. The strip line is axially attached so that the first dielectric substrate can rotate on the second dielectric substrate while maintaining electromagnetic coupling through the opening provided in the ground conductor. A shield structure comprising a metal conductor plate facing the ground conductor of the second dielectric substrate and having its periphery connected to the ground conductor and covering the microstrip line provided on the second dielectric substrate. Specially Microstrip antenna as a feature. 7. The microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein the center of the rotation axis of the first dielectric substrate is set at a position off the center of the radiating element on the first dielectric substrate. . 8. The microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein a tip portion of the microstrip line has a patch shape. 9. The microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating element has at least one of a slot and a notch. 10. The shape of the first dielectric substrate is formed so as to be asymmetrical about the rotation center of the first dielectric substrate, and the dielectric substrate fits within the rotation radius of the radiating element. The microstrip antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is configured as described above. 11. The microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric substrate has a rotating structure that is rotatable only within a certain angle range. 12. The micro according to claim 1, wherein a member made of a dielectric material having a low friction coefficient is provided between the first dielectric substrate and the ground conductor of the second dielectric substrate. Strip antenna.