JPH085424B2 - Reverse drive for vehicle - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reversing drive device used when reversing a vehicle such as a large motorcycle or a motorcycle.

(Prior Art) Conventional motorcycles and the like are generally lightweight, and therefore, when slightly moving or changing direction in a parking lot or garage, they are pushed forward or backward by pushing manually with the clutch disengaged. , There was no known use of power during such a vehicle maneuver.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, when the vehicle becomes large, the weight increases and it becomes difficult to move the vehicle manually. When such a large-sized vehicle cannot move in or out of the parking line or garage without changing its direction without moving backward once, the conventional vehicle does not have a reverse drive system, so that the vehicle has to be strongly pushed manually.

To avoid this, if the transmission is provided with a reverse gear, the vehicle can be moved back and forth by the power of the engine, but it is difficult to operate unless the reverse speed is very low, so it is necessary to increase the reverse gear ratio. Therefore, the transmission may be large and complicated.

In order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present application has applied for a device in which a starting motor is reversely rotated to decelerate this rotation and transmit it to an output shaft (Japanese Patent Application No. 60-238643, Showa 60).
Application dated October 25, 2010). The device of the present invention has the convenience that the vehicle can be moved backward only by operating the switch, but the electric system of the starting device needs to be significantly changed in order to rotate the starting motor forward and backward.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention is designed to cause a vehicle to move backward by a start switch without changing the conventionally used transmission and start circuit, and the means is as follows. In a vehicle drive device provided with an engine having a starting motor that can rotate only in a fixed direction and a forward transmission that changes the rotation of the engine and transmits the rotation of the engine to an output shaft, the vehicle drive device moves backward between the starting motor and the output shaft. A drive system is provided, the reverse drive system is formed by a reduction gear and a reverse clutch device, and an inhibitor device that allows the operation of the reverse clutch device only when the transmission of the forward system is in the neutral position is defined as the forward system. It is provided between the gear shift operation portion of the transmission and the movable displacement portion of the reverse clutch device, and the rotation of the starting motor is transmitted to the output shaft via the speed reducer and the reverse clutch device. With the above configuration, when the reverse clutch is engaged and the starter motor is operated when the transmission is neutral, the rotation of the starter motor is transmitted to the output shaft via the speed reducer and reverse clutch device. Move the vehicle back.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
2 and 3 show a power unit including a horizontally opposed 6-cylinder engine and a transmission, FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the rear surface, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the power unit taken along line II-II in FIG. .

In FIG. 1, (1) is a housing of a power unit, (2) is a clutch cover, (3) is an alternator,
(4) is a starting motor, (5) is an output bearing mounting hole, (5a)
At the center point of the reverse shaft, cylinder heads (6), (6) and covers (7), (7) are connected in series at both ends of the housing (1). (8) is an intake port of the cylinder head (6),
(9) shows the exhaust port, and (10) shows the center point of the crankshaft.

In FIG. 2, one cylinder block (11) is loaded with three pistons (12) and is connected to a crankshaft (13). By the two pulleys (14), (14) fixed to the right end of the crankshaft (13), that is, the front end, the camshafts (16) on both sides via the timing belts (15), (15),
Drive (16).

The main shaft (18) of the transmission (17), the counter shaft (19), the shift drum (20) and the output shaft (21) are supported in the housing (1) in parallel with the crank shaft (13) as in the conventional device. are doing. Output gear (22) at the left end of the crankshaft (13)
And the boss (24) of the starting one-way clutch (23) are fixed, and the sleeve (25a) integrated with the starting input gear (25) is loosely fitted to the boss (24) and A one-way transmission element (26) is interposed between the integrated sleeve (25a) and the crankshaft (13) is driven through the input gear (25), the element (26) and the boss (24) at the time of starting. Then, after the start, the start input gear (25) stops, but the one-way clutch (23) keeps the crankshaft (13) rotating without being restricted in the rotation direction.

The main shaft (18) of the transmission (17) is provided with the same speed change gear (27) and clutch (28) as in the conventional device, and the counter shaft (19) is also provided with the speed change gear (29) and clutch (30). A clutch input sleeve (31) is rotatably supported by a needle bearing (32) on the left side of the main shaft (18), and a clutch input gear (33) and an oil pump drive sprocket (34) are fixed to the clutch input sleeve (31). At the same time, the input member (36) of the main clutch (35) is fixed.

The main clutch (35) consists of an input member (36) and an output member (3
A large number of friction plates (38) locked to either one of 7) are alternately arranged, and pressure is applied by the pressure plate (39) and the disc spring (40) to constantly provide gears (22), (33), The rotation transmitted from the sleeve (31) is transmitted to the main shaft (18).

Provide the hydraulic cylinder (41) on the clutch cover (2),
Rightward pressure is applied to the piston (42), rod (43), bearing (44), and release plate (45), and the pressure plate (39) is moved rightward by supplying hydraulic pressure to the friction plate (38). )
Can be released. The output member (37) is fixed to the main shaft (18) via the boss (46).

The driven gear (50) is loosely fitted to the right end of the output shaft (21), meshes with the fixed output gear (51) at the left end of the counter shaft (19), and the output shaft (21) is driven when retracted further. The reverse driven gear (52) is loosely fitted. The sliders (54) and (55), which are pressed to both sides by the compression spring (53a), are fitted to the spline (53) of the output shaft (21), and the cam damper (56) is connected to the driven gear (50) and the slider (54). ) Is formed. The cam damper is formed by forming an uneven surface having protrusions (58) and (59) on the side surfaces of the gear (50) and the slider (54), and engaging the uneven surfaces with each other. Is applied, the projection (59) moves along the inclination of the side surface of the projection (58), and the slider (54) retracts and relatively rotates to provide a cushioning action.

A torque limiter (60) is formed between one of the reverse driven gear (52) and the slider (55), and this is the unevenness (61) with a large inclination formed on the gear (52) and the slider (55). , (62) are engaged.

As is apparent from FIG. 3, the output of the starting motor (4) is transmitted to the two-stage planetary speed reducer (63) to decelerate at each stage, and the output of the preceding stage is transmitted to the starting system as it is, and the reverse system is used. Is transmitted to the output of the latter stage after being decelerated by two stages and driven at a low speed.

The planetary speed reducer in the preceding stage includes a sun gear (64) attached to the rotating shaft of the starting motor (4), a planetary gear (68) supported by a shaft (67) on a carrier (66) supported by a bearing (65),
It consists of a ring gear (68a) fixed to the housing,
The output side of the carrier (66) serves as a starting shaft (70). The shaft (70) is provided with a sun gear (71) in the latter stage, and the starting gear (72) is connected by a spline (73) to form an idler (74). )
The starting input gear (25) is driven via.

The planetary speed reducer in the latter stage has a hollow reverse output shaft (76) loosely fitted to the sun gear (71) and the starting shaft (70) and supported from the outside by a bearing (75), and the output shaft (76). A planetary gear (7) supported by a shaft (77) on a carrier (76a) integrated with the
8) and ring gear (78a) fixed to the housing (1)
The rotation of the sun gear (73) that has been decelerated in the preceding stage is further decelerated and transmitted to the reverse output shaft (76). A reverse driving gear (79) is engraved on the reverse output shaft (76).

A reverse clutch device (80) for transmitting the rotation of the reverse drive gear (79) to the output shaft (21) is provided at an intermediate position between the starting shaft (72) and the final output shaft (21), and the device (80) and the planet The second stage of the speed reducer (63) constitutes a reverse drive system, and the device (80) drives the reverse driven gear (52).
The reverse clutch device (80) includes a reverse shaft (81) and a pin (8) diametrically penetrated and fixed to the reverse shaft (81).
2), the oblique groove (84) is opened, and the reverse shaft (81) is loosely fitted with the reverse drum (83). The pin (82) and the oblique groove (8) are provided.
4) forms a cam transmission mechanism as shown in FIG. 4, and forms a direct guide mechanism by another pin (82a) fixed to the reverse drum (83) and the groove (82b) of the housing (1), The rotation of the reverse shaft (81) causes the reverse drum (83) to move in the axial direction. A sleeve (88) is rotatably held on the drum (83) by a needle bearing (85), rings (86) and (87), and a slide gear (89) is provided on the outer circumference of the sleeve (88). Engrave the spline (90) and engage the interlocking gear (92) with the spline (90). Therefore, when the reverse shaft (81) is rotated, the reverse drum (83) is moved in the axial direction, and the slide gear (89) held by the reverse drum (83) also reciprocates and the reverse driven gear (on the output shaft (21) ( 52) Engage and disengage. At this time, the interlocking gear (92) is prevented from moving by the protrusions (93) and (94) extending from the housing (1) and is always meshed with the reverse driving gear (79), so that the starting motor (4) rotates. Then, it is driven through the planetary speed reducer (63) and the reverse drive gear (79), and the slide gear (89).
Also rotates.

Reverse shaft (81) in reverse clutch device (80)
Move the slide gear (89) to the meshing position by
An inhibitor device (95) is interposed between the reverse shaft (81) and the transmission (17) to limit the transmission (17) only to the neutral position. As shown in FIG. 3, the reverse shaft (8
The lever (96) is fixed to 1) by its boss (96a), this is connected to the pawl (98) pivotally attached by the link (97), and the screw (99) and pin (100) are attached to the shift drum (20). The groove (102) of the rocker (101) fixed with () is provided so that the claw (98) falls into the groove (102) only when the shift drum (20) of the transmission (17) is in the neutral position. The claw (98) has a groove (10
The slide gear (89) meshes with the reverse driven gear (52) only when it falls into 2). To display the reverse position, a cam (96b) is connected to the lever (96), a river switch (96c) is fixed to the housing (1), and the switch transmits a signal to an indicator on the meter panel.

On the left end of the reverse shaft (81) is a collar (105) and a arm (1
06), the collar (107) is fixed with the screw (108), the return spring (109) engages with the inner finger (106a) of the arm member (106), and the return shaft (81) rotates. Power is applied to press the reverse drum (83) to the left position. Another spring (110) is loosely fitted to the collar (107) and engages both sides of the outer finger (106b) of the armrest (106) as shown in FIG.

A reverse arm (111) is also pivotally attached to the collar (107), and the reverse arm (111) is provided with a window (112) and a pushing finger (113) so that the arm (106) can be passed through the window (112). Project the finger (106b) from the
3) is clamped by the two legs of the spring (107).

A pivot (114) is planted in the reverse arm (111) as shown in the lowermost part of FIG. 3 and in FIG. 7, and the reverse shifter (115) is connected thereto. The reverse shifter (1
The lever (11) pivotally attaches to the housing (1) with a support shaft (116) and sandwiches the pivot (114) with a pair of protrusions (118).
7) and the cables (119), (1) that connect to the lever (117) on both sides of the support shaft (116) with the connection fittings (119a), (120a).
20) and a reverse handle (123) which is pivotally attached to the vehicle body by a support shaft (121) and has the other ends of the cable connected to both sides. As shown in FIG. 8, the reverse handle (123) is installed so that it can be pulled out to a recess on the side of the vehicle body, for example, below the fuel tank T, and is pulled out to the side when necessary and pulled up to perform reverse operation. .

When the reverse handle (123) is turned to the reverse side, the lever (117) of the reverse shifter (115) turns the reverse arm (111) in the direction of the arrow (124) in FIG. ) Rotates one leg of the spring (110) in the same direction, and presses the finger (106b) in the same direction by the other leg via the spring (110). Therefore, the reverse shaft (81) also receives the rotational torque in the same direction by the armrest (106).

Now the transmission (117) and hence the shift drum (2
(0) is in the neutral position, the torque transmitted from the reverse handle 123 causes the reverse shaft (81) to rotate,
Rotate the lever (96) to insert the pawl (98) through the link (97).
The locker (101) into the groove (102) to lock the shifter drum (20) in the neutral position, and at the same time the pin (82) advances the reverse drum (83) to move the slide gear (89) to the output shaft (21). Engage with the upper reverse driven gear (52). In this state, when the switch of the starting motor (4) is pressed, the rotation of the motor (4) causes the planetary reduction gear (6
The speed is reduced by 3), and further reduction is repeated by the combination of the reverse driving gear (79) and the interlocking gear (92), and the combination of the slide gear (89) and the reverse driven gear (52), and the output shaft (21),
Therefore, the wheels are driven backward at a very small speed.

At this time, the starting shaft (70) is also decelerated and rotated by the planetary reduction gear in the preceding stage of the planetary reduction gear (63), and the starting gear (72),
The start input gear (25) on the crankshaft (13) is rotated through the idler (74), but its rotation speed is about 550 rpm, and the idle speed of the crankshaft (13) is about 800 rpm, so a one-way clutch. By (23), rotational interference of the starting system can be avoided.

If the shift drum (20) is not in the neutral position,
Since the claw (98) does not fall into the groove (102), even if the reverse handle (123) is turned, it moves to the reverse arm (111) and presses the finger (106b) via the spring (110), but for backward movement. The reverse shaft (81) of the clutch device (80) does not rotate and the slide gear (89) cannot move. Then, when the shift drum (20) is neutralized, the reverse shaft (81) is finally pushed by the spring (110) to rotate and slide gear (8).
9) can be engaged with the gear (52).

With the above configuration, when performing a normal start, the main clutch (35) is disengaged, the shift drum (20) is set to the neutral position, and the reverse handle (123) is placed in the forward rotation position. As a result, the reverse shaft (81) is rotated by the spring (110) to the inoperative position, and at the same time, is pressed to the position by the return spring (109) and stopped at this position. When the starter motor (4) is operated in this state, the reverse drive gear (79) of the planetary reduction gear at the rear stage of the planetary reduction gear (63) moves to the interlocking gear (92).
However, since the slide gear (89) is at the left position, the reverse driven gear (52) is not driven.

On the other hand, from the planetary gear in the preceding stage, the rotation is transmitted to the starting input gear (25) via the starting shaft (70), the spline (73), the starting gear (72) and the idler (74), and the one-way clutch (2
The engine can be started by rotating the crankshaft (13) via the drive shaft 3), and after starting, the vehicle can travel forward by operating the main clutch (35) and the shift drum (20).

When you want to reverse the vehicle, stop the vehicle, set the transmission (17) to the neutral state, and rotate the reverse handle (123) to the reverse position. This torque is applied to the lever (117) and reverse as described above. Arm (111), spring (11
It is transmitted from 0) to the reverse shaft (81), and the inhibitor (9
5) It is transmitted to the lever (96), the link (97) and the claw (98) of the claw (98), and the claw (98) is integrated with the shift drum (20).
It falls into the groove (102) of 1), locks the shift drum at the neutral position, and the reverse shaft (81) rotates by a predetermined angle. As a result, the reverse clutch device (80) is activated and the pin (8
2) Move the drum (83) forward and slide gear (8
Engage 9) with reverse driven gear (52). Now press the start switch to energize the start motor (4),
The low-speed rotation reduced in two stages by the planetary reduction gear (63) passes through the reverse driving gear (79), the interlocking gear (92), the slide gear (89), the reverse driven shaft (52), the torque limiter (60), and the output shaft. It can be transmitted to (21) as reverse rotation and the vehicle can be moved backward at a very low speed.

The AC generator (3) is constantly driven by the crankshaft (13) via the elastic joint (130), gears (131), (132).

In the above embodiment, the inhibitor device (95) is provided between the forward shift drum (20) and the reverse shaft (81) of the reverse clutch device (80). You may provide in between.

(Effect of the Invention) According to the present invention, as described above, the vehicle is driven backward by the rotational force of the starting motor and the reversing device is not incorporated in the transmission. The motor control circuit can be used as it is, and the motor control circuit can be the same as the conventional one because it is not necessary to reverse the starting motor.

Further, the reverse drive system has the inhibitor device interposed so that the reverse clutch device operates only when the transmission is in the neutral position. Therefore, the reverse drive system and the forward drive system cannot be connected to the output shaft at the same time. Completely prevented.

Also, since the reverse drive system is driven by the starting motor, after turning the reverse handle to the reverse side, it is easy to operate because it is possible to move backward and stop at a slow speed just by opening and closing the start switch, and in a narrow parking lot, It is convenient for making small movements in garages.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a rear view of a housing of a power unit, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, FIG. FIG. 5 is a development view of a reverse drum, FIG. 5 is a front view of a safety device connected to a reverse clutch device, FIG. 6 is a front view of a reverse arm, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a reverse shifter, and FIG. 8 is the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side view of the motorcycle that has been executed. (4) ... Starting motor (13) ... Crankshaft (17) ... Transmission (20) ... Shift drum (21) ... Output shaft (63) ... Planet reduction gear (80) ... Reverse clutch device (81) ... Reverse Shaft (89)… Slide gear (95)… Inhibitor device

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-57-86560 (JP, A) JP-A-54-109568 (JP, A) JP-A-60-35631 (JP, A) JP-A-62- 122829 (JP, A) JP 60-252079 (JP, A) Actually opened 54-71853 (JP, U) Actually opened 52-160069 (JP, U) Actually opened 61-157741 (JP, U) Actual development Sho 59-103558 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A starter motor and an output for a vehicle drive device, comprising: an engine having a starter motor that can rotate only in a fixed direction; and a forward drive transmission that changes the rotation of the engine and transmits the change to the output shaft. An inhibitor device for providing a reverse drive system between shafts, the reverse drive system being formed by a reduction gear and a reverse clutch device, and permitting the operation of the reverse clutch device only when the forward transmission is in a neutral position. Is provided between the shift operation portion of the forward transmission and the movable displacement portion of the reverse clutch device, and transmits the rotation of the starting motor to the output shaft via the speed reducer and the reverse clutch device. A reverse drive device for a vehicle, characterized in that