JPH08502089A - Lubricated metal working member and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

  (57) [Summary] Lubricants are provided having a hardness in the range of 0.2-10 N / mm over the entire temperature range of 15-40 ° C. The lubricant comprises at least one partial ester of a fatty acid such as ethylene glycol monolaurate and a glycol, optionally in a mixture with a small amount of a fatty acid such as stearic acid. The above lubricants are useful in the art of converting aluminum sheets into adhesively bonded aluminum structures.

Description

The present invention relates to lubricated metalworked members, in particular steel and aluminum, and to create a structure of formed components. The present invention relates to a method of using such a processed member. Currently, there is interest in the art for producing adhesively bonded structures of formed aluminum components utilized in the automotive industry. Such a technique is described, for example, in European Patent Publication No. EPA127343. Techniques for converting aluminum metal sheet coils into formed component structures for use in the automotive industry may typically include the following steps. The metal surface is pretreated to provide a strongly bonded layer which subsequently acts as a base for the adhesive used above. A lubricant is applied to the treated metal coil. The coil may then be stored or shipped with a lubricant that helps protect the treated metal surface, and then cut into a molded article ready for stamping. A piece of metal sheet is pressed into a component of the desired shape. This operation and the following operations are all performed on the automobile production line. Adhesive is applied to selected areas of the component formed without first removing the lubricant. -The components may be assembled into the shape of the desired structure and welded locally or otherwise fixed to hold the structure together until the adhesive hardens. -The adhesive cures at high temperatures. Use an aqueous alkaline cleaner to remove the lubricant on the metal surface of the structure. -The above structures are painted. As another example, press molded structural parts may be secured together to form a structure by mechanical means in addition to or instead of adhesive bonding, such as by rivets or spot welding. is there. Lubricants used in such techniques must meet several requirements. a) The lubricant must obviously have suitable lubricating properties for the press molding operation. b) The lubricant should generally be solid at the temperature at which the metal is stored to prevent the laminated sheets from sticking together. In addition, liquid or tacky lubricant films are prone to soiling and dust and dirt. c) In the production line, it is impractical to remove the lubricant before using it, so the lubricant needs to be compatible with it if it is used. d) After the adhesive is used and cured, the lubricant must be easily removable by an aqueous alkaline cleaner of the type conventionally used to prepare metal surfaces for painting. The lubricant of European Patent Publication EPA 227360 is designed to be useful not only for the above techniques, but also for other forming and forming operations applied to various metals. In one aspect, European Patent Publication EPA 227360 discloses a lubricating composition for press molding comprising a lubricant dissolved or dispersed in a volatile liquid medium, wherein the lubricant is two or more. At least one polyhydric alcohol having three hydroxyl groups is esterified, and one or two of the esterified moieties is esterified with a long chain carboxylic acid and the melting point is higher than ambient temperature. Low enough to be removed from metal surfaces with an aqueous alkaline cleaner. According to EPA 227360, a mixture of esters is available and has the advantage that it may contain minor amounts of up to 50% of one or more other lubricating compounds such as long-chain carboxylic acids. . Examples of this lubricant include dissolved diethylene glycol monostearate in xylene and dissolved diethylene glycol distearate in xylene. The lubricant described in European Patent Publication EPA 227360 is generally successful in meeting the requirements of c) and d), but is sufficiently successful in meeting the requirements of a) and b). Absent. Surprisingly, it has been found that lubricants of this kind are not effective above their liquidus as far as the molding operation of aluminum is concerned. Due to the good lubricity of aluminum in this type of ester lubricant, the lubricant is solid or at least thick or viscous at the molding temperature, which may be higher than 35 ° C. or 40 ° C. or even higher. In addition, some components may need to exist in the solid state. It may seem straightforward to solve this problem only by utilizing different esters with higher melting points. The difficulty with this strategy is that high melting point esters tend to be relatively hard at low and ambient temperatures to the extent that they easily peel off from the metal surface to which they are applied. Metal forming at 15 or 20 ° C. cannot be performed satisfactorily under conditions where the lubricant is stripped from the metal workpiece. A single lubricant system meeting both these hot and cold standards is required for use in various locations throughout the world. It is an object of the present invention to meet this need. In one aspect, the present invention provides a lubricated metal, the surface of which is provided with a film of lubricant, the lubricant film comprising: a) mixing with a small amount of a long chain carboxylic acid or ester thereof. At least one of the partial esters of C8-C18 saturated carboxylic acids of dihydroxy or polyhydroxy compounds, which may be: b) 0.2-10 N / mm over the entire temperature range of 15-30 ° C; It has a hardness in the range, preferably a hardness of 0.1-10 N / mm over the entire temperature range of 15-35 ° C. In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a formed aluminum component structure created from a lubricated aluminum metal sheet, the process comprising: forming a sheet into a component. And, -carrying the components together to form the desired structure, -fixing the components together by mechanical and / or adhesive means. Lubricant hardness is measured by the technique in which an uncoated block of lubricant is equilibrated at a given temperature and inserted with a steel needle. The load on the needle (in Newton) is measured (in millimeters) as a function of penetration into the lubricant, and the average slope in N / mm is derived above a penetration of 30 mm. The test was derived from BS2000 part 49, "Penetration of bitumen material", and adapted to this case, the needle diameter was increased to 12 mm so that the load was not too small for accurate measurements. Forming of metal sheets, eg press forming, is generally carried out at temperatures in the range of 15-30 ° C or 15-35 ° C, but in tropical regions the temperature in the press can be as high as 40 ° C or 45 ° C. . Therefore, it is preferred that the lubricant film of the present invention has a certain hardness at temperatures in the range of 15-40 ° C, and in the case of particularly preferred lubricants in the range of 15-45 ° C. If the lubricant film is too hard, it tends to have the characteristic of being easily crushed during molding, such as press molding, and having poor friction characteristics. If the lubricant film is too soft, the lubricating properties will again be poor. The lubricant film preferably has a hardness in the range of 0.2-5 N / mm at all temperatures within the specified range where molding, for example pressing, will occur at different locations in the world. It is surprising that the hardness of a lubricant film provides a useful predictive value for its lubricating properties. The main components of the lubricant film are partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and long chain carboxylic acids. Suitable are dihydric or trihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and glycerol. The long chain carboxylic acid is preferably a saturated straight chain monocarboxylic acid having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the chain moiety such as lauric acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid. Mixtures of esters are available and may be advantageous. The one or more partial esters are optionally available in long chain carboxylic acids or mixed materials containing small amounts of esters thereof, saturated linear monocarboxylic acids having 14-20 carbon atoms in the chain portion. Alternatively, an ester of the acid with a saturated monohydric alcohol is preferable. The optional minor components are present in an amount of up to 50% by weight, most commonly 5-20% by weight, based on the weight of the mixture. Particularly preferred partial esters are ethylene glycol monolaurate (EGML) and propylene glycol monostearate (PGMS). A particularly preferred fatty acid is stearic acid. To our belief, there is no single partial ester of commercial purity that meets the above hardness requirements. Suitable lubricants can be achieved in one of two ways or both ways. The first is by blending two or more components together. Thus, a mixture of commercially pure EGML and commercially pure PGMS in a weight ratio of 1: 3 provides the necessary hardness properties. Another possible way to meet the required hardness properties is to use purer materials. For example, EGML is produced by partially esterifying ethylene glycol with "lauric acid," which is part of coconut oil fatty acids and contains 30% by weight or more of fatty acid material that is not lauric acid. Thus, EGML from some commercial sources has a melting point of 24 ° C. The "lauric acid" used in its manufacture was a mixture with several coconut oil fatty acids with a distinctly high content of unsaturated fatty acids. EGML from another commercial source has a melting point of 29 ° C. and is derived from a component of coconut oil that contains more than 30% fatty acids that are not lauric acid. -EGML was produced using lauric acid containing 10% or less of impurities of other fatty acids, especially for this purpose. The melting point of this EGML is 43 ° C. Unlike the above two commercially available materials, this EGML film has the hardness characteristic of the present invention. The EGML utilized as the sole ester in the lubricants of the present invention preferably has a melting point of at least 35 ° C. As described below, such EGML is a mixture but of a special type. Partial esters such as EGML can contain impurities originating from two major sources. a) Nominal fatty acids, such as lauric acid, are in fact a mixture of saturated long-chain monocarboxylic acids, which typically contain 30% or more of other acids in addition to the substances used in the name. The effect of the inclusion of these impurity acids is to lower the melting point of the partial ester. For this purpose, the partial ester is preferably derived from fatty acids of at least 80% purity. b) The partial ester was derived from a fatty acid mixture containing an ethylenically unsaturated acid. Such impurities are preferably absent or less than 5% by weight, as they reduce the adhesive compatibility of the lubricant and reduce its ease of removal from the metal surface. Partial esterification of polyhydric alcohols having n hydroxyl groups is achieved by reacting a mixture of 1 mole of polyhydric alcohol and up to n moles of monocarboxylic acid. The typical result of this reaction is a mixture containing a significant amount of unchanged polyhydric alcohol, a significant amount of each possible partial ester, and a significant amount of fully esterified. For example, reacting a mixture of 1 mole of glycol with 2 moles or less of monocarboxylic acid produces a mixture containing the respective equivalent amounts of unchanged glycol, monoester and diester. These proportions can be varied to some extent by controlling the amount of carboxylic acid used and the reaction conditions, but a mixture is always formed. The solvent and unreacted polyhydric alcohol can be easily removed by evaporation. The remaining materials are commonly referred to as partial esters, and the term "partial ester" is used herein in this sense. The partial ester has an intermediate value between the acid value of the corresponding polyhydric alcohol and the acid value of the corresponding fully esterified substance. As mentioned above, the lubricating properties of lubricating films on lubricated metal according to the invention deteriorate at extremely high temperatures and extremely low temperatures. We have developed a test method for measuring lubricating properties by the coefficient of friction (mu), as described below. The coefficient of friction is preferably less than about 0.1 over the entire temperature range of interest, i.e., 15 ° C to 30 ° C or 35 ° C or 40 ° C or 45 ° C. As mentioned above, the hardness of a lubricious film predicts the coefficient of friction of the film at any temperature. Depending on the intended use, the lubricant may need to be compatible with the subsequently applied adhesive. In general, the esters described herein are compatible as a result of being absorbed or replaced by subsequently applied adhesives without significantly compromising the strength of the resulting adhesive bond. In contrast, resinous lubricants and metal soap lubricants are not adhesively compatible in this sense. The lubricant preferably has a melting point above atmospheric temperature of at least 30 ° C. This ensures that the lubricant will be present as a solid film on the metal substrate, thus avoiding the problem of soiling and sticking during coiling, unwinding, slitting and cutting. it can. The use of such a lubricant eliminates the potential for contamination of the metal surface by oils or contaminants that are incompatible with the adhesive and prevents the lubricant layer from becoming locally undesirably thin. can do. The lubricant melts at a temperature low enough to allow the lubricant to be removed from the metal surface by an aqueous alkaline cleaner such as those used in automobile production lines that produce coated metal components. The maximum operating temperature of the aqueous alkaline cleaner in such an environment is about 70 ° C. Lubricants that melt below 70 ° C., preferably below 65 ° C., can thus always be removed with an aqueous alkaline cleaner. Removable lubricants that melt above about 70 ° C. depend on having a chemical group, such as a hydroxyl group, that reacts with the alkali to aid removal from the metal surface. Thus, for example, it was found that commercial waxes having a melting point of 85 ° C. and an acid number according to DIN 53402 of 135 to 155 are not removed by an aqueous alkaline cleaner. Glycerol monostearate, on the other hand, has a melting point of 81 ° C. and has two free hydroxyl groups per molecule and is removed by an aqueous alkaline cleaner and is therefore within the scope of the invention. The lubricant is treated with a 15% by weight aqueous solution of Ridolene 160 (a patented cleaner based on silicate sold by ICI) for 2 minutes at 70 ° C. It is believed that the lubricant can be removed with an aqueous alkaline cleaner if removed by. A further preferred aspect of the invention involves applying the lubricant to the metal without any volatile solvent or diluent wp. This eliminates the need to evaporate the volatile liquid from the lubricant film and the need to include a surfactant in the lubricant. It has been found that the molten lubricant has sufficient viscosity to be used for spraying and roller coating. The metal may be pre-cooled to ensure that the lubricant film solidifies quickly. The metal may be preheated to ensure that the uniform film adheres well. The lubricant is applicable to steel or other metals, but is basically suitable for being utilized on aluminum, including pure aluminum metal and Al-based alloys. The aluminum surface may have a layer of strongly bound minerals on which the lubricant may be present. Such inorganic non-metal layers are well known and may be provided, for example, as chemical conversion coatings or non-rinse type vapor deposited coatings, with chromium, titanium or zirconium as the substrate, or with anodic oxide. It may be a layer or a siloxane layer. The metal may be in sheet form. The rate of application of the lubricant depends on the intended use, but for aluminum coils to be molded into adhesively bonded structures, typically 1-10 g / m 2. ² In the range of, especially 2-4 g / m ² Range. The accompanying drawings will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mating strip distractor used for testing lubricated metal. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a modified strip distractor. FIG. 3 is a graph of hardness versus temperature for films of several lubricants. 4, 5 and 7 are bar graphs showing the coefficient of friction of three lubricants at different temperatures and different application rates. FIG. 6 is a bar graph showing the residue of the lubricant after cleaning. The purpose of assembling the strip distracting rig was to test sheet metal for lubricity and was designed and assembled with reference to ASTM 4173-82. This device is shown in FIGS. The set of dies shown in FIG. 1 was designed to simulate a material flowing between pressurized binder surfaces including a tensile bead arrangement. The set of dies in FIG. 2 was designed to simulate flow between parallel binder surfaces and obtain normal friction values. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one die 10 of each tool set is mounted on the load cell 12. The other die 14 of the tool set is mounted on a hydraulic cylinder 16. The flat strip 18 is hydraulically pressurized between the two dies and can be pulled via a special tool set while the clamp load is measured. Tensile load is also measured by the use of a second load cell 20 located between the gripping jaws 22 and crosshead 24 of the test machine. Thus, normal friction values are obtained when used with the flat parallel platen set of FIG. The strip distracting rig is designed to be installed in either a breath simulator or a standard tensile test frame, depending on the deformation of interest. A lubricated strip of 50 mm wide material was placed between the two sides of the flat tool set of Figure 2 and hydraulically pressurized to a specified load. The strip was then pulled through a die set of FIG. 1 at a distance of approximately 250 mm and the pull and clamp forces were recorded as a function of the time / position offset of the strip being pulled. The graph of tensile force / 2 vs. clamp load has a slope equal to the normal coefficient of friction. Example 1 The following materials were utilized to form the lubricant. a) Commercially pure propylene glycol monostearate with a melting point of 40 ° C. b) Commercially pure ethylene glycol monolaurate with a melting point of 29 degrees. c) A special ethylene glycol monolaurate having a melting point of 43 ° C. prepared by using 90% or more of pure lauric acid. d) Commercially pure stearic acid with a melting point of 70 ° C. It was applied by spraying on aluminum alloy sheets with various formulations and preheated to 50 ° C. By this method, a uniform film can be applied with a controlled thickness. The hardness of various lubricants was measured (by BS 2000 Part 49) and the results are shown in FIG. 1. EGML b): PGMS a) in a weight ratio of 1: 3. The hardness at various temperatures is shown by a series of open circles connected by a solid line. This lubricant material is within the scope of the invention of the present invention. 2. EGML c) only. Hardness is indicated by a double-lined black upward triangle. This material is within the scope of the invention. 3. EGML c): PGMS a) in a weight ratio of 1: 3. This is indicated by a black circle. This material is in accordance with the present invention, but is not preferred because it loses hardness at high temperatures. 4. EGML c): stearic acid d) in a weight ratio of 9: 1. The two batches were carried out separately. The first is shown as a black diamond connected by a dotted line and the second is shown by a black diamond connected by a solid line. Both of these materials are within the scope of the invention. 5. EGML b): stearic acid d) in a weight ratio of 9: 1. Hardness is indicated by the white diamonds connected by a solid line. This material is not within the scope of the present invention as hardness is relatively low over the entire temperature range. 6. EGML b): stearic acid d) in a weight ratio of 3: 1. This material, not shown in Figure 3, has a hardness within the scope of the invention. Lubricants 1 and 5 were further tested on the strip distracting rig shown in FIGS. In each case, the test was carried out at four different temperatures of 20 ° C., 30 ° C., 40 ° C. and 50 ° C. and also from 1 to 6 g / m 2. ² Was carried out with lubricant applied at five different speeds in the range. The results of these tests are shown in FIG. 4 (for Lubricant 1), FIG. 5 (for Lubricant 5) and FIG. 7 (for Lubricant 4). Example 2 Lubricant 4 from Example 1 was evaluated. The lubricant consists of 90% by weight EGML (melting point 43 ° C.) and 10% by weight stearic acid (melting point 70 ° C.). Lubricant 5 shown in Example 1 was utilized for comparison purposes. Experimental Procedure The experiments described below were carried out on preheated material using a 1.6 mm gauge 5754 Accomet C. 2.1 Applying Lubricant to Aluminum Sheet The procedure for applying the lubricant is to preheat a new lubricant reservoir to 70 ° C and apply it on the sheet using an air assisted airless spray nozzle. Consists of doing. The lubricant was applied to both the sheet held at room temperature (20 ° C) and the sheet preheated to 60 ° C. These sheets were then placed in a stack. In the case of preheated material, the sheets were placed in a stack when the lubricant solidified. 2.2 Adhesive Compatibility A standard test method for adhesive compatibility is a standard lap-share join using a 1.6 mm pretreated coupon that has been lubricated and a standard adhesive to achieve a 10 mm overlap. To assemble the components. Such a string of 6 joints is subjected to a combined stress / moisture test under constant load. The time to failure of the first three joints of the six joint set is recorded. The individual lap shear joints are also exposed to a salt spray for a predetermined period of time and then tested for retention of static strength. Testing was performed on joints made with Lubricant 4 on the surface prior to bonding. Two lubricant weight levels ie 2.0 g / m ² And 5.5 g / m ² Was evaluated. 2.3 Lubricant softening as a function of temperature The Wax Penetration Test, BS2000pt49, was used to determine the softening response as a function of temperature. 2.4 Strip Dispersion Evaluation of Lubricant 4 3 g / m of different lubricants via lubricated sheet via preheated void path as shown in Section 2.1. ² Manufactured using. These sheets were cut into 50 mm wide strips and pulled via the strip distracting rigs according to the above procedure so that the friction values were determined at temperatures of 20, 30, 40 and 50 ° C. 2.5 Press Molding Evaluation of Lubricant 4 Press molding tests were performed on a press simulator to evaluate the lubricant. Two separate attempts were made: (a) failure of the square pan, (b) height of failure of the pressed dome shape. The above attempts were carried out under standard conditions on a 275 mm square tool without the pull bead. AA5754-0 sheet contains both lubricants 4 and 5 at 3 g / m ² It was applied and pressurized, and the performance was calculated by comparison. 2.6 Simulation of possible thermal cycles of a pre-lubricated stack In order to simulate the possible thermal cycles experienced by a pre-lubricated material, a lubricated stack is described in Section 2.1. Manufactured by applying a lubricant to the preheated cavity as described in. 4 stacks, nominal g / m at 500x500mm each ² Was produced to include about 30 sheets with a weight of lubricant of These stacks were heated in an oven to four different temperatures of 30, 35, 40 and 45 ° C, respectively. After removal from the oven, each stack was left to cool with a central weight of 18.1 kg applied. After breaking the stack, the coupons are removed from many adjacent sheets, quantifying any lubricant migration observed. 2.7 Cleaning, Oven Evaporation and Residue This section includes two separate tests: a different oven bake (oven bake) with and without baking, followed by a wash step and an adhesive cure cycle. A typical coupled structural pathway was performed. As a first series of tests, aluminum pretreated strips were coated with Lubricant 5 (3.4 g / m ² ) And lubricant 4 (3.8 g / m ² ) Was lubricated, and the following treatments were performed. a) 170 ° C. for 20 minutes b) 180 ° C. for 20 minutes c) 190 ° C. for 20 minutes d) 200 ° C. for 20 minutes e) No oven baking. All strips were then washed at 60 ° C. for 3 minutes in a stirred 20 g / l solution of Chemkleen CK 165. After drying, organic contamination on the strip was measured as carbon by analysis at 600 ° C. In a second series of tests, a clean sheet of aluminum was lubricated with Lubricants 4 and 5 at approximately 4.5 g / m 2. ² Weight coated. The sheet was then cycled through an oven bake and alkali wash. The steps are: a) 10 minutes at 145 ° C b) 20 minutes at 190 ° C c) 20 minutes at 190 ° C d) 30 seconds alkaline wash (2.5% w / w Ridolene 336 at 60 ° C). The final coating weight was measured after the wash step using the gravimetric method. 3. Results 3.1 Application of Lubricant to Sheets Satisfactory results were obtained by spraying Lubricant 4 on both sheets kept at room temperature of about 20 ° C and sheets preheated to 60 ° C. The lubricant solidified in contact with the sheet kept at ambient temperature. However, according to the latter condition, the lubricant remains on the sheet as a liquid for a short period of time. The lubricant itself passed through the spray nozzle without the additional problems of lubricant 5. 3.2 Adhesive compatibility The results of stress-moisture tests on joints produced with Lubricant 4 on the surface are shown in Table 1. The table shows that it retains good strength after 20 weeks of salt spray and after 5 MPa of applied stress and over 100 days of continuous stress / moisture testing. 3.3 Softening of Lubricant as a Function of Temperature The results of the wax penetration test performed on Lubricant 4 are shown in FIG. 3.4 Strip distraction evaluation of lubricant 4 3 g / m ² A performance comparison of Lubricants 4 and 5 over the temperature range measured for a given weight of lubricant is shown in Table 2. These figures show the improved performance of Lubricant 4 at temperatures of 30, 40) and 50 ° C. They also show similar similar performance at 20 ° C. 3.5 Press Molding Evaluation of Lubricant 4 The results of the press molding trials are shown in Table 3. The table shows that both lubricants show similar performance during the curve molding process, but improved performance is obtained while forming a square pan with lubricant 4. The quoted values are the average of 5 tests in each case. The test itself was performed under atmospheric conditions near 22-24 ° C. 3.6 Simulation of possible thermal cycles of a pre-lubricated stack A stack of lubricated sheets has a lubricant on its surface and is heated to 30, 35 and 40 ° C and then subsequently weighted in the center. Was applied and cooled, but no obvious evidence of destacking problems or lubricant migration between adjacent sheets was observed. Corresponding stacks heated to 45 ° C were more difficult to separate and were not clearly "on average", giving the appearance of some migration of lubricant between adjacent sheets. For Lubricant 5, a similar effect was observed at a temperature of 35 ° C. 3.7 Cleaning, Oven Evaporation and Residue The results of the different oven bake and subsequent cleaning steps, including the step of performing the cleaning step without baking, are given in FIG. This feature indicates that a high oven bake contributes to surface cleaning. According to the result of the oven evaporation attempt, almost all of the lubricant 4 was evaporated as compared with the lubricant 5, and 0.03 g / m 2 was obtained. ² And 0.35 g / m ² Is the residue of. Results for both lubricants are -0.01 and -0.03 g / m ² , Which indicates that the washing step removes all of the residue. 4. Speaking 4.1 Application of lubricant to the sheet There was no difficulty in applying the lubricant 4 spray. Adhesion to metal surfaces was improved by preheating the sheet, although a satisfactory appearance was obtained with room temperature metal. 4.2 Adhesive compatibility The stress / moisture test result is 2 g / m. ² Joints made with Lubricant 4 at levels of 1 to 4 are still tested and tested for 190 to try all stress levels. The data after 20 weeks of exposure to a salt sprayer show that it retains excellent strength at both lubricant weight levels. 4.3 Softening of Lubricant as a Function of Temperature The results of the wax penetration test shown in Figure 3 show an improvement in hardness over the temperature range tested, as shown in Figure 3. Previous work has suggested that on the vertical logarithmic axis hardness values should be kept between 0.1 and 1.0 N / mm. Greater than higher hardness values at lower temperatures will result in a wax that is friable and has limited values due to press die formation. At higher temperatures, hardness values below 0.1 N / mm correspond to a range of wax melting points. FIG. 3 shows that the hardness of the lubricant drops to 0.1 N / mm around 41-42 ° C., corresponding to the melting range. It is approximately 10-12 ° C higher than Lubricant 5. Thus, the upper melting point limit is greatly increased without producing a brittle wax in the low temperature range. 4.4 Evaluation of Strip Distraction of Lubricant 4 3.0 g / m shown in Table 2 ² Friction performance vs. lubricant weight vs. temperature showed that Lubricant 4 had significantly improved coefficient of friction at 30, 40, and 50 ° C, while having similar performance at 20 ° C. 4.5 Evaluation of Press Molding of Lubricant 4 The results of the press molding evaluation show that molding of Lubricant 4 has equivalent performance during curving but somewhat better performance during pressing of a square pan. Indicates that. This is advantageous for parts such as door rings and pressers on the inside of the door that require deep corners with smaller corner sweep radius. Thus, improved performance would be beneficial. 4.6 Simulation of possible thermal cycles of the pre-lubricated stack The thermal citral results applied to the pre-lubricated stack show that at 40 ° C. there is no clear evidence of lubricant migration. There is little lubricant transfer when heated to 45 ° C and then cooled. Thus, the problem of lubricant transfer for Lubricant 4 will be apparent at temperatures between 40 ° C and 45 ° C. This performance is much better than Lubricant 5, which had no clear evidence of migration when the stack was heated to 30 ° C, but was apparent when the stack was heated to 35 ° C. Therefore, a temperature improvement of 10 ° C. was achieved in terms of handling performance. 4.7 Cleaning, Oven Evaporation and Residue After either the various oven bake or no bake shown in Figure 6, an attempt to estimate surface cleaning resulted in the Chemkleen solution being reasonably effective. It was shown to clean the surface. The high oven bake conditions, 190 ° C. and 200 ° C., do contribute to surface cleanliness in the case of Lubricant 4, which evaporates very cleanly from the aluminum surface. Attempts to determine the relative evaporation of Lubricant 4 vs. Lubricant 5 and the residual residue showed that Lubricant 4 evaporated almost completely before the cleaning step. In addition, lower levels of carbon residue are obtained.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI C10N 50:08 (81) Designated country EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, GR , IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), OA (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AT, AU, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FI, GB, HU, JP, KP, KR, KZ, LK, LU, MG, MN, MW, NL, NO , NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SK, UA, US, VN (72) Inventor Seesby, Peter Jeffrey UK, Oex 15 4H, Oxfordshire, Bunbury, Brocksum, Cortington Lane 71 (72) Inventor Marwick, William Francis United Kingdom, LES 29/8 Quei, West Yorkshire, Ikeley, Ben Riding, Bowling -Road 87 (72) Inventor Barker, Joanna Marie England, CW 12.1 N.N.X, Cheshire, Congreton, Wiltshire Drive No. 13

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A metal whose surface is coated with a lubricant film, the lubricant film comprising: But, a) Dihi which may be mixed with a small amount of long chain carboxylic acid or its ester Part of droxy or polyhydroxy compound with saturated carboxylic acid of C8-C18 At least one of the ester is an essential component, b) having a hardness in the range 0.1 = 10 N / mm at all temperatures in the range 15-35 ° C. Lubricated metal. 2. The partial ester is ethylene glycol monolaurate and / or poly Lubricated gold according to claim 1, which is ethylene glycol monostearate. Genus. 3. Ethylene glycol whose partial ester has a melting point of at least 35 ° C. The lubricated metal according to claim 1 or 2, which is monolaurate. 4. The lubricant film is in the range of 0.2-5 N / mm over the specified temperature range. The lubricated metal according to claim 1, which has a hardness. 5. The lubricant film has a hardness within the specified range in the entire temperature range of 15-40 ° C. The lubricated metal according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. The lubricating treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal has a sheet shape. Metal. 7. The lubricating treatment according to claim 1, wherein the metal is aluminum. Treated metal. 8. The aluminum strongly bonded to the top where the film of lubricant was present The lubricated metal according to claim 7, comprising an artificial inorganic surface layer. 9. Apply the lubricant to the metal without the use of volatile solvents or diluents. 9. The production of the lubricated metal according to any one of claims 1 to 8. Law. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the lubricant is applied by roller coating. 11. Formed aluminium created from lubricated aluminum metal sheet It is a manufacturing method of the structure of Um component parts,   -Mold the above sheet product into components,   -Carrying the components together in the shape of the desired structure,   -By means of both or at least one of by mechanical means and adhesives Fixing structural parts together, The method according to claim 6 or 7, which comprises the steps of: 12.   -Mold the above sheet product into components,   Applying an adhesive to the above components,   Carrying the above components together in the desired shape,   Curing the adhesive, The method according to claim 11, which comprises the steps of: 13. Apply an aqueous alkaline cleaner to the structure and then paint the structure. The method according to claim 11 or 12, which further comprises the additional step of: 14. The lubricant should have a melting point of at least 35 ° C. and 5-20% by weight of stearic acid. 2. 80 to 95% by weight of ethylene glycol monolaurate containing. The metal subjected to the lubrication treatment according to any one of item 8.