JPH0849604A - Engine combustion auxiliary device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance combustion efficiency in an engine combustion chamber so as to prevent occurrence of injurious ingredients in exhaust gas to the minimum extent by providing a carburetion chamber, a water supplying device, a gas passage, etc., and controlling water supply to a catalyst body and basic gas supply from the carburetion chamber to the combustion chamber, by a controller. CONSTITUTION:A carburetion chamber is divided in a lower carburetion chamber 5 and an upper carburetion chamber 17, and they are communicated to each other through a filter 15 provided on a bulkhead 16. A coiled catalyst body 10 is loaded in the lower carburetion chamber 5. A water tank 3 provided with a pump 1 supplies water to the catalyst body 10 in the lower carburetion chamber 5 through a water supplying passage 6. Evaporated gas in the upper carburetion chamber 17 is supplied to an air filter 14 by a gas supplying passage 18. Supply of these water and evaporated gas is controlled through control circuits 2, 12, by a controller 4 in which an IC circuit with a built-in computer is incorporated, hereby, occurrence of injurious ingredients can be controlled to the minimum extent as well as to improve the combustion efficiency of an engine.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an engine combustion auxiliary device for promoting combustion of an engine such as an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to completely burn fuel in an engine, it is necessary to supply more oxygen into the engine. However, if more air is inhaled and the oxygen in it is utilized, nitrogen will be simultaneously inhaled into the engine, thus increasing the production of nitrogen oxides. Therefore, water that does not contain harmful components (water vapor)
It is desirable to use oxygen in the. However, simply sending water into the engine will break the oil film and cause troubles such as engine wear.
A device is required to prevent this.

Exhaust gas emitted from the engine is
In the case of gasoline-powered vehicles, a mixture of gasoline and air is generated by combustion in the engine combustion chamber. The exhaust gas contains carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NO _x ), and if these are discharged outside, they are harmful to humans, animals, plants and the like. . As is well known, the relationship between CO, HC and NO _x is such that the concentration of NO _x is close to the maximum value in the case of combustion in which CO and HC are reduced.
Therefore, it is necessary to consider a method of simultaneously and significantly reducing the NO _x component. That is, CO, HC, NO
_In order to reduce the _X concentration, it is necessary to improve the combustion method of the engine. There are two methods of changing the mixture ratio of gasoline and air, a rich mixture and a lean mixture.

[0004]

These combustion methods are
Both are effective as a system for reducing harmful components of exhaust gas. However, there are drawbacks in that the fuel consumption is significantly deteriorated in the rich mixture combustion method, and the output is significantly reduced in the lean air-fuel ratio combustion method. In addition, in order to reduce fuel consumption and increase output, the engine performance is achieved by using a mixing ratio close to that of a conventional reciprocating engine, gasoline is completely burned, and small amounts of CO, HC and NO that are simultaneously discharged are emitted. There is a method to purify _X with a catalyst built into the exhaust pipe.Furthermore, the engine is fundamentally improved, and a fixed amount of gasoline is injected into the combustion chamber by a controller, and the intake air amount and the temperature of the air are automatically adjusted. There is also a method of purifying exhaust gas by adjusting or reducing the combustion temperature by an exhaust gas recirculation method to reduce NO _X. However, it is necessary to fundamentally improve the engine mechanism itself, and it is technically possible but difficult to improve the currently used engine.

For the above reasons, the present invention has been completed as a result of repeated research on a new method of reducing harmful components of exhaust gas while maintaining ideal combustion efficiency. Conventionally, a method of generating hydrogen gas from water and burning it, or a method of atomizing the water itself and directly introducing it into the engine vaporization chamber has been proposed, but it is impossible to obtain complete hydrogen gas. To temporarily increase combustion efficiency,
As a result, the piston (piston ring) of the engine is damaged, and there is a drawback that the engine life is shortened, and the function of reducing harmful components of exhaust gas cannot be obtained.

[0006]

An engine combustion auxiliary device of the present invention is a vaporization chamber provided with a catalyst body, a water supply device for supplying water to the catalyst body of the vaporization chamber, and a vaporization gas for the vaporization chamber. And a control device for controlling the supply of water to the catalyst body and the supply of vaporized gas from the vaporization chamber to the combustion chamber. Further, the engine combustion auxiliary device of the present invention includes a first vaporization chamber provided with a catalytic body, a second vaporization chamber communicating with the first vaporization chamber via a filter, and a first vaporization chamber.
Water supply device for supplying water to the catalyst body of the vaporization chamber, a gas passage for supplying vaporized gas of the second vaporization chamber to the combustion chamber, and water supply to the catalyst body and vaporized gas from the vaporization chamber to the combustion chamber It is provided with a control device for controlling the supply. Here, the above-mentioned catalyst body is a mandrel, a coil attached to the outer circumference of the mandrel, and a metallic one in which a plurality of wires inserted in the longitudinal direction of the mandrel between the mandrel and the coil are integrated, Is preferably supplied in the longitudinal direction of the mandrel.

[0007]

In the engine combustion assisting apparatus of the present invention having the above-described structure, water is vaporized by the heat of the muffler and the like, and in the process of being fed into the engine, it is brought into contact with the catalytic body in the vaporization chamber to partially generate hydrogen and oxygen. , Supply steam containing hydrogen and the like to the engine. The water vapor supplied to the engine is combined with carbon (C) to become a highly explosive water gas “H ₂ + CO”. As described above, the present invention uses the water injection type and the catalyst type (almost no exhaustion) to assist the combustion of fuel without causing any troubles to the engine, and to improve the economical efficiency and the harmful components of the exhaust gas. It suppresses the generation. In an apparatus equipped with a dual vaporization chamber, water is brought into contact with the catalyst body at + 400 ° C. or higher in the first vaporization chamber to partially generate hydrogen and oxygen, and vapor containing these hydrogen and the like is vaporized in the second vaporization chamber. To supply the hydrogen gas, the hydrogen gas concentration can be further increased by adding a catalyst to the filter installed in the passage. As described above, the present invention serves to improve combustion efficiency in the engine combustion chamber and prevent generation of harmful components of exhaust gas to the minimum.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration in which a part of the combustion assisting device of this embodiment is shown in cross section. The inside of the spherical main body 8 made of stainless steel is divided into a lower vaporization chamber 5 and an upper vaporization chamber 17 by a partition wall 16. Vaporization chambers 5 and 17
Communicate with each other via a filter 15 provided on the partition wall 16. In the lower vaporization chamber 5, a stainless steel pipe 7 provided with a large number of ventilation passages 9 is mounted, and a coil-shaped catalyst body 10 is loaded in the pipe 7. The water tank 3 provided with the pump 11 supplies water to the catalyst body 10 in the vaporization chamber 5 through the water supply passage 6. The vaporized gas in the vaporization chamber 17 is supplied to the air filter 14 via the gas supply passage 18. The supply of water and the supply of vaporized gas are controlled through the control circuits 2 and 12 by the control device 4 incorporating an IC circuit having a built-in computer. here,
The catalyst body 10 is preferably made of a metal such as stainless steel as a base material and coated with a catalytic element such as platinum, palladium or vanadium. Further, the filter 15 is preferably made of ceramics and further provided with the above-mentioned catalytic element.

Since the main body 8 needs to obtain high heat, a part of the main body 8 is inserted into the exhaust pipe 1, and the fins 13 for heat transfer facilitate the high heat of the vaporization chamber. In addition, the air cleaner used in the conventional engine has a poor purification function, and the purified hydrogen gas may not serve the purpose of obtaining sufficient combustion efficiency. One of the additional important elements of this embodiment is to change the catalytically-processed ceramic filter 14 to produce purified air so as not to lower the combustion efficiency of hydrogen gas.

Next, the operation of the engine combustion auxiliary device will be described. Controller 4 with built-in microcomputer
The water is sent from the water tank 3 to the lower vaporization chamber 5 which is heated to 400 ° C. or more in accordance with the command of the above, and a part of the water is passed through the metal catalyst body 10 attached to the special pipe 7 built in the lower vaporization chamber 5. Is decomposed to generate hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas is sent to the lower vaporization chamber 5 through the air passage 9 of the pipe 7 together with the vaporized water vapor. The steam containing hydrogen gas and the like sent to the lower vaporization chamber 5 is
Filter 15 made of a metal catalyst-processed ceramic, which is installed in a passage communicating between the upper vaporization chamber 17 and the upper vaporization chamber 17.
When passing through, the hydrogen gas concentration is increased by the action of the catalyst to enter the upper vaporization chamber 17, and the controller 12 controls the circuit 12
It is sent to the air filter 14 while being controlled through the, and sent to the engine vaporization chamber.

As described above, the apparatus of this embodiment has the first vaporization chamber provided with the specially processed metal catalyst, preferably the coiled metal catalyst, and the first vaporization chamber through the specially processed ceramics catalyst. The second vaporization chamber, which communicates with the vaporization chamber, and the improved air filter for the ceramics filter can organically work to supply the steam having an increased hydrogen concentration to the combustion chamber. Therefore, the combustion efficiency of the engine can be improved and the generation of harmful components can be suppressed to the minimum. Further, the steam flow and the hydrogen gas flow can be automatically controlled by acting on the basic fuel flow.

[Embodiment 2] Next, the engine combustion control system shown in FIG. 2 will be described. This engine combustion control device is composed of a stainless steel pipe 24, pipes 25 and 26 having large diameter portions and small diameter portions connected to both ends thereof, and a catalyst body 20 loaded in the pipe 24. Although the water supply device and the control device are omitted in FIG. 2, the same device as that of the first embodiment is used. Catalyst body 20
Is made up of a mandrel 21, a coil 22 and a fixing wire 23 shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, respectively. The mandrel 21 has a screw portion 29 at one end, and further has a hole 30 near both ends for stopping the end portion of the coil 22. For example, three fixing wires are inserted between the mandrel 21 and the coil 22 which covers the outer periphery of the mandrel 21, and these three members are integrated by spot welding. These mandrels, coils and wires are all 19Cr-3.
Made from 5Al-0.2Ti-Fe. Further, exemplifying these dimensions, the mandrel 21 is a round bar having a diameter of 7 mm and a length of 150 mm, and the coil 22 has 50 coils of linear 1 mm and outer diameter 13 mm. Also, wire 2
3 is, for example, a round bar having a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 140 mm.
The materials for these catalyst bodies do not have to be the same for all three. For example, the mandrel can be made of carbon steel. In any case, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned metal element having a catalytic action effective for hydrogen gas generation.

The catalyst body 20 constructed as described above is fixed in the pipe 24 by, for example, a cantilever. That is, the closed end of the pipe 24 has a screw hole 27 in the center, and the catalyst body 20 is fixed to the pipe 24 by screwing the screw hole 27 into the screw portion 29 of the mandrel 21. Pipe 2
For example, four holes 28 are provided at the closed end of No. 4 so as to surround the screw holes 27. The device of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration is used by being installed in a position where it is heated by engine exhaust, such as being installed in an exhaust pipe. The inside of the pipe 24 in which the catalyst body 20 is mounted is a vaporization chamber, and the pipe 2 is installed in the vaporization chamber from the left side of FIG.
5 is supplied with water. This water enters the vaporization chamber through the hole 28 at the closed end of the pipe 24, comes into contact with the catalyst body 20 and vaporizes, and at the same time generates hydrogen gas. The vaporized water vapor and hydrogen gas are supplied from the pipe 26 to the combustion chamber via the air filter. The catalyst body used here is also useful as the catalyst body of the apparatus of FIG. That is, since the surface area is large and water is supplied in the longitudinal direction, the contact efficiency is large.

Next, the results of running tests with the engine combustion auxiliary device of this embodiment mounted on an actual vehicle will be described. First, a climb test was conducted on the Isuzu 56 rear engine bus. In the first test, when this device is not used, in the second test, when this device is used and water is supplied to the vaporization chamber at a rate of 1 drop / sec, in the third test, the same 2 drops This is the case where water is supplied at a rate of / sec. The results of this climb test are shown in FIG. As is clear from the figure, the effect of increasing the output of the engine by this device appears. That is, the distance that can be climbed in 5 minutes is 11 in the first test without using this device.
Although it is 00 m, in the second test and the third test using this device, the output is 1300 m and 1600 m, respectively, and an output increase of 20 to 50% is observed. Table 1 shows the results of an exhaust gas test using a Mitsubishi Fuso 2t canter (mileage of about 8200 km). By using this device, HC, CO, and NO _x are all significantly reduced.

[0015]

[Table 1]

Next, Nissan 47 CD31U and luggage 11t
Was loaded and a fuel consumption test was conducted. Table 2 shows the results before mounting the device, and Table 3 shows the results after mounting the device. Fuel consumption was improved by 7.2% by using this device.

[0017]

[Table 2]

[0018]

[Table 3]

[0019]

As described above, by adopting the device of the present invention, the output of the engine is increased, and as a result, the fuel consumption is saved. Further, it is possible to obtain the effect of preventing the engine scale from being generated and extending the engine life by 50% or more. In addition, the present invention uses the type of fuel (LPG,
It can be applied regardless of (gasoline, petroleum), and can also be applied to a wide range of applications such as forklifts, agricultural machines, construction machines, and ships.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration in which a part of an engine combustion auxiliary device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in section.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of an engine combustion auxiliary device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a mandrel used in the catalyst body of the example.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a coil used in the catalyst body of the example.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a fixing wire used in the catalyst body of the example.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a section taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view of the catalyst body of the example.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the results of an uphill test in the same example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Exhaust pipe 2, 12 Control circuit 3 Water tank 4 Control device 5 Lower vaporization chamber 6 Water supply pipe 7 Metal pipe 8 Main body 9 Gas passage 10 Catalyst body 13 Fin 14 Air filter 15 Filter 16 Partition wall 17 Upper vaporization chamber 18 Gas supply passage

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vaporization chamber provided with a catalytic body, a water supply device for supplying water to the catalytic body in the vaporizing chamber, a gas passage for supplying vaporized gas in the vaporizing chamber to a combustion chamber, and water for the catalytic body. An engine combustion auxiliary device comprising a control device for controlling supply and supply of vaporized gas from a vaporization chamber to a combustion chamber. 2. A first vaporization chamber provided with a catalyst body, a second vaporization chamber communicating with the first vaporization chamber via a filter, and a first vaporization chamber.
Water supply device for supplying water to the catalyst body of the vaporization chamber, a gas passage for supplying vaporized gas of the second vaporization chamber to the combustion chamber, and water supply to the catalyst body and vaporized gas from the vaporization chamber to the combustion chamber An engine combustion auxiliary device comprising a control device for controlling supply and supply.