JPH084722B2 - Membrane separation device - Google Patents
Membrane separation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH084722B2 JPH084722B2 JP3026397A JP2639791A JPH084722B2 JP H084722 B2 JPH084722 B2 JP H084722B2 JP 3026397 A JP3026397 A JP 3026397A JP 2639791 A JP2639791 A JP 2639791A JP H084722 B2 JPH084722 B2 JP H084722B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- present
- gas
- flat
- tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、各種の任意の懸濁液
(例えば、微生物粒子、無機物粒子等のサスペンショ
ン)を簡便に、効率的に膜分離し、清澄な分離液を得る
膜分離装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a membrane separation device for easily and efficiently membrane-separating various suspensions (for example, suspensions of microbial particles, inorganic particles, etc.) to obtain a clear separation liquid. It is about.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、曝気槽内に中空糸膜の束状モ
ジュールを浸漬し、透過液を得るようにした装置が公知
である(図4参照)。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a device in which a bundled module of hollow fiber membranes is immersed in an aeration tank to obtain a permeate (see FIG. 4).
【0003】図4に示した装置は、曝気槽21内に中空
糸膜モジュール22を浸漬し、散気管23から空気24
を供給して槽内を好気性に維持して微生物の繁殖を確保
すると共に中空糸膜の濾過機能を維持し、吸引ポンプ2
5により中空糸膜から微生物処理された槽内懸濁液の透
過水26を得るものである。In the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, the hollow fiber membrane module 22 is immersed in the aeration tank 21, and the air diffuser pipe 23 supplies air 24.
To keep the inside of the tank aerobic and secure the growth of microorganisms, while maintaining the filtration function of the hollow fiber membrane.
5, the permeated water 26 of the suspension in the tank treated with microorganisms is obtained from the hollow fiber membrane.
【0004】しかしながら、本発明者がこの従来技術の
追試を行ったところ、次のような重大欠点が認められ、
実用性が欠けることが判った。即ち、図4に示したよう
な装置では、次の問題がある。However, when the present inventor made a supplementary test of this prior art, the following serious drawbacks were recognized:
It turned out that it was not practical. That is, the device shown in FIG. 4 has the following problems.
【0005】 活性汚泥、繊維分などのSS粒子が、
中空糸膜の束の内部に入り込んで付着あるいは固着し、
濾過抵抗が急増してしまう。 中空糸膜の束の内部に
入り込んだSS分は洗浄除去が極めて困難であり、中空
糸膜モジュールを取り出して糸をほぐしながら高圧水で
スプレーしないと付着汚泥、繊維分を洗浄除去できな
い。これは大変な手間であり、実用上このような作業を
行うことは不可能である。SS particles such as activated sludge and fiber,
Enter inside the bundle of hollow fiber membranes and adhere or stick,
The filtration resistance increases rapidly. The SS component that has entered the inside of the bundle of hollow fiber membranes is extremely difficult to wash and remove, and the adhered sludge and fiber components cannot be washed and removed unless the hollow fiber membrane module is taken out and the yarn is sprayed with high-pressure water. This is a troublesome task, and it is practically impossible to perform such work.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記従来装置
の重大欠点を完全に解決することを課題とするものであ
り、濾過抵抗を長期間低く維持でき、かつメンテナンス
フリーの新技術を提供することを課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has an object of completely solving the serious drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, and provides a new technique which can maintain the filtration resistance low for a long period of time and is maintenance-free. This is an issue.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は従来の技術の欠
点を解決するために、種々検討した結果、次のような手
段によって従来の欠点が解決できることを見出し完成さ
れた。The present invention has been completed as a result of various studies in order to solve the drawbacks of the conventional techniques, and as a result, it was found that the conventional drawbacks can be solved by the following means.
【0008】即ち、本発明はスペーサーと平面状分離膜
とからなる濾過体と、該濾過体を1以上配備し、かつ懸
濁液を受け入れる槽と、該濾過体の下方部または濾過体
下部側方に配備された散気部を有する散気装置とからな
り、該散気装置からの単位時間当たりの散気ガス量を間
欠的に大きく設定できる手段を備えたことを特徴とする
膜分離装置である。That is, according to the present invention, a filter body comprising a spacer and a planar separation membrane, a tank in which one or more filter bodies are provided and which receives a suspension, a lower portion of the filter body or a lower side of the filter body. And a diffusing unit having a diffusing section disposed on one side, and a means for intermittently setting a large amount of diffusing gas per unit time from the diffusing unit. Is.
【0009】本発明の新規思想は次の点にある。 中
空糸膜の採用をやめ、SSが束の内部にくいこむこと
が、形状的に有り得ない平面状分離膜を有する濾過体を
適用する。The novel idea of the present invention is as follows. The adoption of a hollow fiber membrane is stopped, and a filter body having a planar separation membrane in which SS is unlikely to enter inside the bundle is applied.
【0010】従来、平面状分離膜はフィルタプレス、脱
水機的な構造体内に設置する方法は知られていたが、曝
気槽体に、本発明のような方法で浸漬する概念は従来存
在しなかった。Conventionally, a method of installing a planar separation membrane in a structure such as a filter press or a dehydrator has been known, but there is no conventional concept of immersing the planar separation membrane in the aeration tank body by the method of the present invention. It was
【0011】 膜表面に乱れを与えるための散気量を
間欠的に増減させると膜汚染を効果的に防止できること
を見出した。本発明に使用される濾過体は、少なくとも
スペーサーと平面状分離膜とから構成される濾過部を有
する。その濾過体の構造は、濾過部として少なくとも平
面状分離膜外部で懸濁液を濾過し、該濾過水を該膜の内
部へ移行する機能を有し、更に移行された濾過水を取り
出す手段を備えていれば、特に濾過部の構成は制限され
ることはない。但し、濾過部の外部形状は濾過体を槽内
に配備した時に、平面状分離膜表面全面が散気装置から
供給される気泡および気泡による水流に接触し易い構造
であることが好ましい。It has been found that film contamination can be effectively prevented by intermittently increasing or decreasing the amount of air diffused for giving turbulence to the film surface. The filter body used in the present invention has a filter portion including at least a spacer and a planar separation membrane. The structure of the filter body has a function of filtering the suspension at least outside the planar separation membrane as a filtering portion and transferring the filtered water into the inside of the membrane, and further has means for taking out the transferred filtered water. The structure of the filtering unit is not particularly limited as long as it is provided. However, it is preferable that the outer shape of the filtering portion is such that the entire surface of the planar separation membrane is easily brought into contact with the bubbles supplied from the air diffuser and the water flow due to the bubbles when the filtering body is placed in the tank.
【0012】該濾過部の外表面は、平面状分離膜で形成
されるが、必ずしも該外表面全部を平面状分離膜で形成
する必要はなく、適宜所望の表面領域を選択して部分的
に形成することができる。The outer surface of the filtration portion is formed of a flat separation membrane, but it is not always necessary to form the entire outer surface of the flat separation membrane. Can be formed.
【0013】また、平面状分離膜の外表面の形状は、上
記条件を満足するのであれば、特に制限されず、平面の
みに限定されず、任意の曲面を包含できる。スペーサー
は、平面状分離膜を支持すると共に濾過水の内部への移
行を可能にするためのスペースを確保する機能を少なく
とも有するのであれば、その構造は任意であり、特に制
限されない。また、該移行された濾過水を外部へ取り出
す手段、例えば、流出管をこれに具備させることもでき
る。The shape of the outer surface of the planar separation membrane is not particularly limited as long as the above conditions are satisfied, and is not limited to a flat surface and may include any curved surface. The structure of the spacer is arbitrary and is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of supporting the planar separation membrane and at least having a function of ensuring a space for allowing transfer into the inside of the filtered water. It is also possible to equip it with a means for taking out the transferred filtered water to the outside, for example, an outflow pipe.
【0014】スペーサーの構成材料、具体的形状構造は
任意であり、内部が充実した単体でも内部に空間を設け
た単体でも、枠状でもあるいはこれらの組合せでもよ
い。例示すれば、枠状、内部の充実した単なる板状、内
部に空間を設けた板状、格子状等が挙げられる。特に、
構成材料としては、濾過機能を有する多孔体が好まし
く、形状としては板状が特に好ましい。The constituent material of the spacer and the specific shape and structure thereof are arbitrary, and may be a single body having a solid interior, a single body having a space inside, a frame shape, or a combination thereof. Examples thereof include a frame shape, a simple plate shape with a solid interior, a plate shape with a space provided inside, and a lattice shape. In particular,
As a constituent material, a porous body having a filtering function is preferable, and a plate-like shape is particularly preferable.
【0015】スペーサーへの平面状分離膜の支持手段と
しては、接着剤、ボルト・ナット、磁石等が適用でき
る。従って、濾過体の濾過部の外部形状はスペーサーの
形状と平面状分離膜のスペーサーへの保持方法によって
決まるため任意であり、例示すれば、板状、棒状、逆円
錐状等が挙げられる。特に、本発明では、板状が好まし
く、両面を平面状分離膜で形成したものが好ましい。Adhesives, bolts / nuts, magnets and the like can be applied as means for supporting the planar separation membrane on the spacer. Therefore, the external shape of the filtration portion of the filter is arbitrary because it is determined by the shape of the spacer and the method of holding the planar separation membrane on the spacer, and examples thereof include a plate shape, a rod shape, and an inverted conical shape. Particularly, in the present invention, the plate-like shape is preferable, and the one having both surfaces formed of flat separation membranes is preferable.
【0016】該平面状分離膜の材料は清澄な濾過水が得
られれば、特に制限がなく、公知の限外濾過膜、精密濾
過膜を使用でき、目的に応じて膜孔径を適宜選定すれば
よい。The material of the planar separation membrane is not particularly limited as long as clear filtered water can be obtained, and known ultrafiltration membranes and microfiltration membranes can be used, and the membrane pore size can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Good.
【0017】本濾過体1体当たりの平面状分離膜の総面
積は、通常、4〜20m2 の範囲から選択される。該濾
過体は、本発明濾過装置内に配備されるが、その配備の
位置等は特に限定されないが、同じく濾過装置内に配備
される散気装置からの気泡および/または気泡による水
流が平面状分離膜表面に衝突し易くなるように配置する
ことが好ましい。特に、濾過体を複数個配備した場合に
は、各濾過体の平面状分離膜表面が垂直方向に対して平
行になるようにかつ各平面状分離膜間の間隔が適切に設
定されることが好ましく、同時に散気装置を濾過体の下
方部または下部側方、例えば、各濾過体の間隙の下部に
配備することが好ましい。The total area of the planar separation membrane per one filter body is usually selected from the range of 4 to 20 m 2 . The filter is placed in the filtration device of the present invention, but the position of the placement is not particularly limited, but the bubbles and / or the water flow due to the bubbles from the air diffuser which is also provided in the filtration device are flat. It is preferable to arrange them so that they easily collide with the surface of the separation membrane. In particular, when a plurality of filter bodies are provided, the planar separation membrane surface of each filter body may be set to be parallel to the vertical direction and the spacing between the plane separation membranes may be appropriately set. At the same time, it is preferable to dispose the air diffuser on the lower side or the lower side of the filter body, for example, below the gap between the filter bodies.
【0018】本発明に使用される散気装置は、ブロワ
ー、管路、および散気部から概略構成されるが、通常使
用されている公知ものが適用でき、特にその構造に制限
はないが、散気部としては、管状、板状等が一般的であ
る。The air diffuser used in the present invention is roughly composed of a blower, a pipe line, and an air diffuser, but a commonly known one can be applied, and its structure is not particularly limited, The air diffuser is generally tubular or plate-shaped.
【0019】本発明は、散気装置からの散気ガスにより
平面状分離膜の清浄性を維持するものであるが、その散
気ガスの槽内へ供給する方法に特に制限はなく、供給
量、供給時間、停止時間の設定等は懸濁液の種類、濾過
体の種類、濾過水の基準等に応じて適宜選定される。The present invention maintains the cleanliness of the planar separation membrane by the diffused gas from the diffuser, but the method of supplying the diffused gas into the tank is not particularly limited, and the supply amount is not limited. The setting of supply time, stop time, etc. is appropriately selected according to the type of suspension, the type of filter body, the standard of filtered water, and the like.
【0020】特に、本発明においては、単位時間当たり
の散気ガス量を間欠的に大きく設定することにより、膜
表面の清浄性をより高く維持できる特徴を有する。この
場合、好ましくは、該大きく設定した時間帯(Gt)は
その他の時間帯(Ct)よりも時間的に短くとることが
好ましい。単位時間当たりの供給量はGt時の方がCt
時に比べ大きく設定されるが、時間の経過に対して、通
常、各々一定レベルを維持するが、各時間帯において増
減あるいは供給停止も許容され得る。そして、散気管を
複数使用した場合には各散気管において独立に供給仕様
を設定してもよいし、各散気管を連絡して一律に設定し
てもよい。この設定の手段は任意であり、自動でも手動
でもよく、例えば、ブロワー自体の制御、ブロワーとバ
ルブの組合せ等が挙げられる。In particular, the present invention has a feature that the cleanliness of the film surface can be maintained higher by intermittently setting the amount of diffused gas per unit time to be large. In this case, it is preferable that the larger set time zone (Gt) is shorter in time than the other time zones (Ct). The supply amount per unit time is Ct when Gt
Although it is set to be larger than time, it usually maintains a constant level with the lapse of time, but increase / decrease or supply stoppage may be allowed in each time zone. When a plurality of diffuser tubes are used, the supply specification may be set independently for each diffuser tube, or the diffuser tubes may be connected and set uniformly. The means for this setting is arbitrary, and may be automatic or manual, and examples thereof include control of the blower itself and a combination of the blower and a valve.
【0021】また、散気ガスの種類は、本発明が適用さ
れる懸濁液の性状により適宜選択され、好気性生物処理
液の場合は酸素含有ガス、例えば、空気が一般的であ
り、嫌気性生物処理液の場合は窒素ガスが挙げられる。
これら処理液等の懸濁液は、外部から導入されたもので
あっても当初から本発明装置内で処理したものであって
構わない。即ち、本発明は膜分離機能以外に汚水等の処
理機能を有することは明白である。The type of gas to be diffused is appropriately selected depending on the properties of the suspension to which the present invention is applied. In the case of an aerobic biological treatment liquid, an oxygen-containing gas such as air is generally used and anaerobic gas is used. In the case of the sex organism treatment liquid, nitrogen gas can be used.
The suspension of these treatment liquids or the like may be introduced from the outside or treated in the apparatus of the present invention from the beginning. That is, it is obvious that the present invention has a function of treating sewage and the like in addition to the function of membrane separation.
【0022】本発明に適用される濾過方法は、平面状分
離膜の外部、即ち懸濁液に接触する側から膜内部へ濾過
水を移行する方法であるなら、任意の濾過圧発生手段が
使用できる。例えば、濾過体内部をポンプで陰圧にする
こと、槽を密閉して槽内を陽圧にすること、サイホンを
利用すること等が挙げられる。Any filtration pressure generating means may be used as long as the filtration method applied to the present invention is a method of transferring filtered water from the outside of the planar separation membrane, that is, from the side in contact with the suspension to the inside of the membrane. it can. For example, it is possible to use a pump to make the inside of the filter a negative pressure, to seal the tank to make the inside of the tank a positive pressure, and to use a siphon.
【0023】濾過体を複数設けた時の濾過水集水機構
は、各濾過体を個別に行っても各濾過体を連絡して行っ
てもよい。例えば、各スペーサーに濾過水流出管を設
け、これを連絡して1個のポンプで吸引濾過する方法が
挙げられる。The filtered water collecting mechanism when a plurality of filter bodies are provided may be carried out individually for each filter body or for connecting each filter body. For example, there may be mentioned a method in which a filtered water outflow pipe is provided in each spacer and the spacers are connected to each other for suction filtration with one pump.
【0024】[0024]
【実施例】以下、図1を参照しながら本発明の作用と一
実施例を説明する。図1において、1は任意の懸濁液が
貯留された槽、2は懸濁液の流入部である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The operation and one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is a tank in which an arbitrary suspension is stored, and 2 is an inflow portion of the suspension.
【0025】本発明の膜分離装置は、槽1、濾過体であ
る平膜モジュール3、および散気装置7から概略構成さ
れる。槽1内には、図2に示されるような板状多孔体の
スペーサー4の両面に平面状UFまたはMF膜5を設け
てなる平膜モジュール3が垂直方向に、間隙6を介して
複数個、平行状に浸漬設置されている。The membrane separation apparatus of the present invention is roughly composed of a tank 1, a flat membrane module 3 which is a filter, and an air diffuser 7. In the tank 1, a plurality of flat membrane modules 3 each having a planar UF or MF membrane 5 provided on both surfaces of a spacer 4 of a plate-shaped porous body as shown in FIG. , Soaked in parallel.
【0026】各々の濾過モジュール3からは膜透過水の
流出管7が各々設けられている。該流出管5は、膜透過
水吸引ポンプ8と連絡している。平膜モジュール3の下
部には散気管または散気板からなる散気部9が設けら
れ、空気、その他のガス10をブロワー11によって散
気させる。メタン発酵菌などの嫌気性微生物を膜分離す
る場合にはガス10として窒素ガス、メタンガスなどの
酸素を含まないガスを使用する。Outflow pipes 7 for membrane permeate are provided from the respective filtration modules 3. The outflow pipe 5 communicates with a membrane permeation water suction pump 8. An air diffuser 9 composed of an air diffuser or an air diffuser is provided below the flat membrane module 3, and air and other gases 10 are diffused by a blower 11. When anaerobic microorganisms such as methane-fermenting bacteria are subjected to membrane separation, a gas containing no oxygen such as nitrogen gas or methane gas is used as the gas 10.
【0027】本発明において、ガス10の吐出量を間欠
的に大きくさせるという概念は重要であり、一定量のガ
スを散気させる場合よりも効果的に膜汚染を防止でき、
高い膜フラックスを長時間確保できることが実験的に確
認された。In the present invention, the concept of intermittently increasing the discharge amount of the gas 10 is important, and it is possible to prevent the film contamination more effectively than when a fixed amount of gas is diffused.
It was experimentally confirmed that a high membrane flux can be secured for a long time.
【0028】ガス10の流量を間欠的に大きくさせる手
段は容易であり、任意の手段を適用できるが、図1の例
ではブロワー13を設け、間欠的にバルブ12を開閉す
る方法を採用したものである。The means for intermittently increasing the flow rate of the gas 10 is easy, and any means can be applied, but in the example of FIG. 1, a blower 13 is provided and the valve 12 is intermittently opened and closed. Is.
【0029】なぜガス10の散気流量を間欠的に大きく
させると膜の汚染が効果的に防止できるのか、そのメカ
ニズムの詳細は現時点で不明であるが、次のように推測
できる。The reason why the contamination of the film can be effectively prevented by intermittently increasing the diffused flow rate of the gas 10 is not clear at present, but it can be inferred as follows.
【0030】即ち、ガス10の散気流量を間欠的に大き
くすると平膜近傍の流れのフローパターンが激しく変化
し、その際に膜表面の汚染物質が除去され、膜表面が清
浄に保たれるのではないかと思われる。That is, when the diffused flow rate of the gas 10 is increased intermittently, the flow pattern of the flow near the flat membrane changes drastically, and at that time, the contaminants on the membrane surface are removed and the membrane surface is kept clean. It seems that
【0031】ガス流量の大きさのパターンは種々変える
ことができるが、実験の結果では長時間の間隔をもたせ
てガス流量を大きくさせるよりも短時間のサイクルで大
きくさせる方法の方が効果的であった。The pattern of the magnitude of the gas flow rate can be variously changed, but the experimental results show that the method of increasing the gas flow rate in a short cycle is more effective than increasing the gas flow rate with a long interval. there were.
【0032】つまり、例えば、5hrに1回30分間大
きくさせるよりも、1hrに6分間大きくさせるサイク
ルのほうが効果的である。さらに、平膜モジュール3の
相隣接するモジュールの間隙6の距離は重要な因子であ
り、広すぎると膜汚染が進行し、狭すぎると夾雑物によ
って閉塞し易い。実験結果では10〜30mmが最も好
適であった。That is, for example, a cycle of increasing the time to 1 hr for 6 minutes is more effective than increasing the cycle to 5 hr for 30 minutes once. Further, the distance between the gaps 6 between the adjacent modules of the flat sheet membrane module 3 is an important factor, and if it is too wide, membrane contamination proceeds, and if it is too narrow, it is likely to be clogged with impurities. According to the experimental result, 10 to 30 mm was most suitable.
【0033】また、散気装置9の設置方法もかなり重要
な因子であり、図2のように平膜モジュールの横方向に
散気管または板からなる散気部9を各々の間隙部6にそ
れぞれ設置する方法が最も好ましい。The installation method of the air diffuser 9 is also a very important factor. As shown in FIG. 2, the air diffuser 9 consisting of an air diffuser or a plate is provided in each gap 6 in the lateral direction of the flat sheet membrane module. The method of installation is the most preferable.
【0034】この方法によれば、平膜モジュール3の各
々の膜表面に確実に気泡の上昇による激しい水流の乱れ
を与えることができ、膜汚染を効果的に防止できる。本
発明において使用する平膜分離膜の種類としては、UF
膜(即ち、限外濾過膜)、MF膜(即ち、精密濾過膜)
の各種のものを用いることができ、反応の種類、サスペ
ンジョンの種類に応じて選定すればよい。According to this method, each membrane surface of the flat sheet membrane module 3 can be surely given a turbulent water flow due to the rise of bubbles, and the membrane contamination can be effectively prevented. The types of flat membrane separation membranes used in the present invention include UF
Membrane (that is, ultrafiltration membrane), MF membrane (that is, microfiltration membrane)
Various types can be used and may be selected according to the type of reaction and the type of suspension.
【0035】例えば、廃水処理、上水処理に適用する場
合には、孔径0.01〜1μm程度のMF膜を、また高
度な処理を行う場合には、分画分子量が1000〜10
0000程度のUF膜を用いることができる。For example, when applied to wastewater treatment and tap water treatment, an MF membrane having a pore size of about 0.01 to 1 μm is used, and for advanced treatment, a molecular weight cutoff is 1000 to 10 μm.
A UF film of about 0000 can be used.
【0036】本発明の装置は微生物サスペンジョンの分
離に好適であるが、河川水に硫酸アルミなどの凝集剤を
注入して、生成フロックを分離するにも好適である。実
験例 本発明を下水の活性汚泥処理を行う装置として、本発明
の性能の実証実験を行った。Although the apparatus of the present invention is suitable for separating microbial suspensions, it is also suitable for injecting a flocculant such as aluminum sulfate into river water to separate produced flocs. Experimental Example A demonstration experiment of the performance of the present invention was conducted by using the present invention as an apparatus for treating activated sludge of sewage.
【0037】横30cm、縦40cm、高さ70cmの
水槽にMLSS3500mg/lの活性汚泥スラリーを
満たし(水位50cm)、下記の平膜モジュールを垂直
方向に2枚浸漬した。A water tank having a width of 30 cm, a length of 40 cm and a height of 70 cm was filled with MLSS3500 mg / l of activated sludge slurry (water level 50 cm), and two flat membrane modules described below were dipped vertically.
【0038】平膜モジュール仕様: 大きさ;15×15cmの正方形のMF膜 膜孔径;0.5μm スペーサー;孔径150μmのプラスチック多孔体(板
状) 散気空気量:散気管から吐出させる空気量を次のサイク
ルで増減。Flat membrane module specifications: Size: 15 × 15 cm square MF membrane Membrane pore size: 0.5 μm Spacer: Plastic porous body (plate-like) with pore size of 150 μm Increase or decrease in the next cycle.
【0039】100リットル空気/分を30分 その後、300リットル空気/分を3分 その後、100リットル空気/分に減少させて30分 というサイクルを繰り返す。100 liters air / min for 30 minutes, then 300 liters air / min for 3 minutes, then reduce to 100 liters air / min and repeat for 30 minutes.
【0040】この条件で6ヶ月運転を続けたところ、膜
透過fluxは図3の線aのようになった。この実験の
間、薬品による膜の洗浄は一度も行わなかった。When the operation was continued for 6 months under these conditions, the membrane permeation flux became like the line a in FIG. Membranes were never washed with chemicals during this experiment.
【0041】また、図の線bは、空気量の散気流量を1
00リットル/分一定で行った場合の結果を示す。明ら
かに空気の間欠的増減法がfluxを高く保つのに有効
である。Also, the line b in the figure shows the diffused flow rate of the air quantity as 1
The results are shown in the case of performing at a constant rate of 00 liter / min. Apparently, the intermittent increase / decrease method of air is effective in keeping the flux high.
【0042】また、本発明の濾過体に使用される膜は平
面状であるため、中空糸膜束状モジュールのような内部
へのSSのくいこみ、固着は全く認められず、メンテナ
ンスフリーであった。Further, since the membrane used in the filter body of the present invention is flat, no SS dents and sticking to the inside such as a hollow fiber membrane bundle module were observed at all, and it was maintenance-free. .
【0043】[0043]
【発明の効果】 中空糸膜法のような膜面へのSS、
汚泥、繊維分の固着がなく、メンテナンスフリーの操作
が可能である。EFFECT OF THE INVENTION SS on the membrane surface, such as the hollow fiber membrane method,
There is no sticking of sludge and fiber components, and maintenance-free operation is possible.
【0044】 膜の透過fluxを長期間、高い値に
安定して維持できる。平膜をスペーサーにとりつけ
て、単にタンクに浸漬するだけなので、装置、製作が簡
単で製作費も安価である。The permeation flux of the membrane can be stably maintained at a high value for a long period of time. Since the flat membrane is attached to the spacer and simply immersed in the tank, the device and production are simple and the production cost is low.
【0045】 万一、予測できないトラブルによる膜
汚染が発生し、透過fluxが低下した場合でも平膜モ
ジュールをつり上げて、高圧水でスプレーするだけで、
容易に洗浄できる。中空糸膜法では、中空糸を一本一本
ほぐさないと洗浄できないので、人手でないと実施でき
ないし、大変な手間がかかる。Even if the membrane contamination due to an unexpected trouble occurs and the permeation flux decreases, just lift the flat membrane module and spray it with high pressure water.
Easy to wash. In the hollow fiber membrane method, the hollow fibers cannot be washed without unraveling them one by one, so it cannot be carried out without manual labor, and it takes a lot of time and labor.
【0046】 膜面が平板状なので気泡による水流の
乱れを各々の膜面に対し、確実に与えることができる。
中空糸膜では一本一本の中空糸膜の表面に均等に乱れを
与えることは不可能である。Since the film surface is flat, the water flow turbulence due to the bubbles can be surely given to each film surface.
It is impossible for the hollow fiber membranes to evenly disturb the surface of each hollow fiber membrane.
【0047】この結果、極めて膜汚染が発生しにくい。As a result, film contamination is extremely unlikely to occur.
【図1】本発明の膜分離装置の一例を説明するための図
である。FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a membrane separation device of the present invention.
【図2】本発明に使用される濾過体の一例を示す斜視図
である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a filter body used in the present invention.
【図3】本発明の装置を用いた実験例の結果を示すグラ
フである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of an experimental example using the device of the present invention.
【図4】従来の膜分離装置の一例を説明するための図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example of a conventional membrane separation device.
1 槽 2 流入部 3 平膜モジュール 4 スペーサー 5 平面状UF又はMF膜 6 間隙 7 流出管 8 膜透過水吸引ポンプ 9 散気部 10 ガス 11 ブロワー 12 バルブ 13 ブロワー 21 曝気槽 22 中空糸膜モジュール 23 散気管 24 空気 25 吸引ポンプ 1 Tank 2 Inflow Part 3 Flat Membrane Module 4 Spacer 5 Planar UF or MF Membrane 6 Gap 7 Outflow Pipe 8 Membrane Permeate Suction Pump 9 Diffuser 10 Gas 11 Blower 12 Valve 13 Blower 21 Aeration Tank 22 Hollow Fiber Membrane Module 23 Air diffuser 24 Air 25 Suction pump
Claims (1)
過体と、該濾過体を1以上配備し、かつ懸濁液を受け入
れる槽と、該濾過体の下方部または濾過体下部側方に配
備された散気部を有する散気装置とからなり、該散気装
置からの単位時間当たりの散気ガス量を間欠的に大きく
設定できる手段を備えたことを特徴とする膜分離装置。1. A filter body comprising a spacer and a planar separation membrane, one or more filter bodies provided therein, and a tank for receiving a suspension, and a lower portion of the filter body or a side portion below the filter body. And a means for setting the amount of diffused gas per unit time from the diffuser to be large intermittently.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3026397A JPH084722B2 (en) | 1991-02-20 | 1991-02-20 | Membrane separation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3026397A JPH084722B2 (en) | 1991-02-20 | 1991-02-20 | Membrane separation device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04265128A JPH04265128A (en) | 1992-09-21 |
JPH084722B2 true JPH084722B2 (en) | 1996-01-24 |
Family
ID=12192424
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP3026397A Expired - Fee Related JPH084722B2 (en) | 1991-02-20 | 1991-02-20 | Membrane separation device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH084722B2 (en) |
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JP2014231033A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Cleaning method of membrane surface in flat membrane type membrane separation device and flat membrane type membrane separation device |
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-
1991
- 1991-02-20 JP JP3026397A patent/JPH084722B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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