JPH084371B2 - Armature of rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an armature of a rotating electric machine including an armature in which a plurality of core plates each having a groove for winding are laminated.

(Prior Art) In a rotary electric machine having an armature in which a plurality of core plates each having a groove for winding are laminated, a state in which the core plates are laminated and the core plates are connected to each other at a caulking portion. An armature is formed by laminating and crimping.

In the example of the armature of the conventional rotary electric machine shown in FIG. 8, three radial ribs 21 and an umbrella-shaped salient pole 22 at the tip of each rib 21 are provided.
And a plurality of core plates each having a winding groove 24 formed between each salient pole 22 are laminated, and the armature 20 is formed by laminating and caulking the laminated core plates. Has been done. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 25 indicates a caulking portion, and the caulking portion 25 is provided at the center of each salient pole 22, that is, the center of each rib 21. Reference numeral 26 indicates a rotary shaft integrated with the armature 20.

FIG. 9 shows another example of an armature of a conventional rotating electric machine, where reference numeral 30 is an armature, 31 is a rib, 32 is a salient pole, 34 is a winding groove, 35 and 35 are caulked portions, 36 Indicates the axes of rotation, respectively. This example is different from the example of FIG. 8 in that the caulking portions 35, 35 are provided in pairs on both sides of the position of the salient poles 32 toward the center.

FIG. 10 shows the structure of the caulking portion in the example of FIG. 8 described above, in which a plurality of laminated core plates are caulked and fixed in the caulking portion 27 such that the respective core plates are connected to each other. .

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) According to the armature of the conventional rotating electric machine, since the caulking portion is provided at the position where the magnetic flux change is large, the magnetic loss increases, the current increases, and the efficiency decreases. There is a problem. The reason will be described in detail below.

As a material for the core plate, an electromagnetic steel plate whose surface is insulated is used. This electromagnetic steel sheet is an excellent iron core material with a small iron loss, but if a caulking portion is provided at a location where the magnetic flux changes greatly as in the conventional example shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the internal structure around the caulking portion is improved. Distortion occurs and iron loss increases.

Iron loss includes hysteresis loss and eddy current loss. Of these, the hysteresis loss corresponds to the area inside the hysteresis loop drawn when magnetizing the metal material. FIG. 5 shows the magnetic characteristics of the electromagnetic steel sheet used as the material of the core plate, and the area inside the hysteresis loop of itself is small and the loss is small. However, when strain occurs inside the core plate material, the area inside the hysteresis loop increases as shown in FIG. 6, and the hysteresis loss increases.

On the other hand, the eddy current loss is that a voltage is generated when the magnetic flux changes,
This voltage causes an eddy current, which causes a loss. The voltage E generated by the magnetic flux change is expressed by E = -dΦ / dt. Now, considering the eddy current loss of the motor, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 7, the magnetic flux Φ changes greatly in the direction of the rib 21 of the armature 20, and as a result, as shown by the circle Ec in FIG. An eddy current is generated across the laminated core plates. Therefore, the surface of the core material is insulated to reduce the eddy current between the laminated core plates. However, the 8th
As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 9, when the laminated core plates are caulked, the laminated cores are short-circuited in the caulked portion, the electric resistance is reduced, the eddy current is increased, and the loss is increased.

Whether it is the above-mentioned hysteresis loss or eddy current loss,
It is generated when the magnetic flux changes, and the larger the change, the larger the magnetic flux. Further, as described above, the caulked portion of the laminated core causes both hysteresis loss and eddy current loss. Therefore, the iron loss is reduced when the caulked portion is provided at a position where the magnetic flux change is as small as possible.

However, in the conventional armature, as described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, since it is provided at the position where the magnetic flux change is large on both sides of the center of the salient pole or near the center, the hysteresis loss and the eddy current loss are large. There is a problem that the iron loss also increases.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the related art, and provides an armature for a rotating electric machine that reduces iron loss, prevents an increase in current, and improves efficiency. To aim.

(Means for Solving the Problem) The present invention provides an armature in which a plurality of core plates having a plurality of salient poles and winding grooves formed between the salient poles are laminated and crimped, and an even number of poles. And a permanent magnet field magnetized to, the outer peripheral surface of the armature is arranged to face the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet field, and one of the field and armature In the rotating electric machine that rotates with respect to the other, the armature has a plurality of protrusions at positions where there is little change in magnetic flux inward of the salient poles and where there is little hysteresis loss and eddy current loss caused by change in magnetic flux. Has a section,
The caulking portion is provided on the plurality of protruding portions. The projecting portion may be a triangular winding guide portion formed in a part of the winding space that communicates with the winding groove of the armature, and may be provided at both circumferential end portions of each salient pole of the armature. It may be formed so as to project inward in the radial direction, and a circular space is provided on the core plate of the armature on the inner peripheral side of the base part connecting the ribs, and a plurality of projecting parts are provided in this space. May be formed.

A portion protruding inward in the radial direction may be formed at each circumferential end of each salient pole of the armature, and a caulking portion may be provided at this portion. Further, the core plate of the armature is formed so as to have a circular space on the inner peripheral side of the base portion connecting the ribs, and a plurality of protrusions are formed in this space, and the caulking portion is formed on the protrusions. It may be provided.

(Function) Although the internal structure is distorted at the caulked part of the core plate and the electric resistance between the core plates is reduced, the caulked part is located inside the salient pole of the armature facing the field in the radial direction, and the hysteresis loss Also, since the eddy current loss generated by the excitation is small, the hysteresis loss and the eddy current loss are small.

Since the change in magnetic flux is also small in the triangular winding guide portion formed in a part of the winding space, hysteresis loss and eddy current loss are reduced even when the caulking portion is provided in this winding guide portion.
In addition, at both ends in the circumferential direction of each salient pole of the armature, a portion protruding inward in the radial direction is formed, and a caulking portion is provided at this portion, and the core plate of the armature is formed from a base portion that connects each rib. Is formed so as to have a circular space on the inner peripheral side, and a plurality of protrusions are formed in this space, and hysteresis loss and eddy current loss are reduced even if a caulking portion is provided in this protrusion.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of the armature of the rotary electric machine concerning this invention is described.

First, an example of a rotary electric machine to which an armature according to the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, an end plate 2 is fixed to the open end of a bottomed cylindrical case 1, and bearings 11 and 1 fitted in the center of the bottom of the case 1 and the center of the end plate 2, respectively.
A rotating shaft 3 is rotatably supported by 2. An armature 4 formed by laminating a plurality of core plates and integrating them by caulking is fixed to the rotating shaft 3. Armature 4
The plurality of core plates constituting the above has a plurality of salient poles and a winding groove formed between the salient poles, and the winding 10 is formed in the winding groove.
Is wound. A permanent magnet field 9 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the case 1. The permanent magnet field 9 is magnetized to have even poles in the circumferential direction. Inner peripheral surface of permanent magnet field 9 and armature 4
The outer peripheral surfaces of the salient poles face each other with an appropriate space therebetween. A commutator 7 is fixed to the rotary shaft 3, and the tip of a brush 8 whose base is fixed to the inner surface of the end plate 2 is in sliding contact with the commutator 7.

When the rotating electric machine is a motor, the brush 8 and the commutator 7
The windings 10 are energized through the windings and the energization is switched according to the rotational position, so that the armature 4 and the rotating shaft 3 are driven to rotate. When the rotating electric machine is a generator, rotating the rotary shaft 3 to rotate the armature 4 induces a voltage in the winding 10 to obtain a DC output through the commutator 7 and the brush 8. You can

Although the permanent magnet field 9 is fixed and the armature 4 side is rotated in the example of FIG. 1, the permanent magnet field 9 may be rotated while the armature 4 is fixed.

Next, specific examples of the armature and the permanent magnet field in the rotary electric machine will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG.
The permanent magnet field 9 is formed in a cylindrical shape and is magnetized in two stations in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the armature 4 has three ribs 4a radially around the rotating shaft 3, and
A plurality of core plates each having an umbrella-shaped salient pole 4b at the tip of each rib 4a are laminated. The outer peripheral surface of each salient pole 4b is formed in a partial arc shape concentric with the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet field 9. Each of the core plates constituting the armature 4 also has each salient pole 4b.
A winding groove 4c is provided therebetween, and a winding space 4d is provided between each rib 4a. The winding space 4d communicates with the winding groove 4c. Winding guide portions 4e project into the winding space 4d from both sides of the base of each rib 4a. The winding guide portion 4e projects in a triangular shape into the winding space 4d from between the ribs 4a adjacent to each other, and
Edges of the winding guide portions 4e on both sides of 4a project in a direction perpendicular to the ribs 4a.

A winding as shown by reference numeral 10 in FIG. 1 is formed on each rib 4a by utilizing the winding spaces 4d on both sides thereof. When applying the winding 10, the edges of the winding guide portions 4e on both sides of the rib 4a serve as guides to regulate one end of the winding range. Most of the magnetic flux generated by the winding of the armature 4 and the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet field 9 passes through the central portions of the ribs 4a and salient poles 4b of the armature 4,
The magnetic flux changes in these parts are large. On the other hand, the magnetic flux passing through the winding guide portion 4e is small, so that the change in magnetic flux at this portion is small. Therefore, the winding guide portion 4e having a small change in magnetic flux is provided with a caulking portion 4f for integrally caulking a plurality of laminated core plates. The structure of the caulking portion 4f itself may be a structure in which the core plates are laminated and caulked and fixed in a state where they are connected to each other at the caulking portion as in the conventional case.

According to the above-described embodiment, by providing the caulking portion 4f, distortion of the internal tissue occurs at that portion, and the electric resistance decreases at that portion, but the caulking portion 4f faces the permanent magnet field 9. Since it is located inward of the salient poles 4b of the armature 4 in the radial direction and has a small amount of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss generated by excitation, increase of hysteresis loss is prevented, and eddy current is also reduced. Since it is suppressed and the increase of the eddy current loss is prevented, the magnetic loss can be suppressed to a low level, and the increase of the current can be prevented to provide the rotating electric machine with high efficiency. Also, the winding guide part 4e
Is formed in a triangular shape in the winding space,
At the time of winding, the edge portion serves as a guide to regulate the winding range, and it is possible to prevent winding collapse and increase the winding amount.

Next, various modifications of the armature according to the present invention will be described.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, three ribs 5a are radially formed on a plurality of laminated core plates, and an umbrella-shaped salient pole 5b is formed at the tip of each rib 5a. The armature 5 is formed by forming projecting portions for integrating the core plates so as to project inward in the radial direction on both ends in the circumferential direction of 5b, and forming caulking portions 5f on the projecting portions. is there. Code 5c
Represents a groove for winding, and 5d represents a winding space. In the case of this embodiment as well, like the embodiment of FIG. 2, it can be applied as an armature of the rotating electric machine shown in FIG.

Also in the case of the above embodiment, the caulking portion 5f is provided at both ends of each salient pole 5b, which is located on the inner side of the salient pole 5b in the radial direction and at which the eddy current loss generated by hysteresis loss and excitation is small. Therefore, the hysteresis loss and the eddy current loss are reduced, and it is possible to prevent an increase in current and provide a highly efficient rotating electrical machine.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is an application of the present invention to an armature of a brushless motor. In FIG. 4, the armature 6 is formed by stacking a plurality of core plates each having a large number of radial ribs 6a and an umbrella-shaped salient pole 6b formed at the tip of each rib 6a. Become. The core plate has a circular space on the inner peripheral side with respect to the base portion 6g connecting the ribs 6a, and an appropriate number of protrusions 6e are formed on the inner peripheral side space. This protrusion
Reference numeral 6e denotes a portion where magnetic flux changes little from both the field and the armature, and at this portion, a caulking portion 6f for integrating the laminated core plates is provided. Reference numeral 6c indicates a groove for winding, and 6d indicates a winding space.

Also in the case of this embodiment, the protruding portion on the inner peripheral side of the armature 6 is located radially inward of the salient pole 5b and has a small hysteresis loss and eddy current loss generated by excitation.
Since the caulking portion 6f is provided on the 6e, the hysteresis loss and the eddy current loss are reduced, and it is possible to prevent an increase in current and provide a highly efficient rotating electrical machine.

The present invention can be applied to all rotating electric machines as long as a plurality of core plates are integrated by caulking to form an armature. Therefore, the number of poles of the permanent magnet field and the number of salient poles of the armature may be appropriately set. For example, a 4-6 structure or other multipole structure may be used. Further, a brushed motor or a brushless motor may be used, and the generator is not limited to the motor.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, an armature formed by laminating and crimping a plurality of core plates having a plurality of salient poles and grooves for windings formed between the salient poles, and attached to even poles. A permanent magnet field magnetized, the outer peripheral surface of the armature is disposed to face the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet field, and one of the field magnet and the armature In a rotating electric machine that rotates in contrast,
The armature has a plurality of protrusions at a position where there is little change in the magnetic flux inward of the salient poles in the radial direction and where there is little hysteresis loss and eddy current loss caused by the change in the magnetic flux. Since the above-mentioned caulking portion is provided, the increase of the hysteresis loss is prevented, and the increase of the eddy current loss is prevented by suppressing the eddy current.
It is possible to provide a highly efficient rotating electric machine in which magnetic loss is suppressed to a low level and an increase in current is prevented. According to the invention of claim 2, a triangular winding guide portion is formed in a part of the winding space communicating with the winding groove of the armature, and the winding guide portion is caulked at the core position. By providing the part, the caulking part does not interfere with the winding,
At the time of winding, the edge of the winding guide portion serves as a guide to regulate the winding range, and it is possible to prevent winding collapse and increase the winding amount. Further, the present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine of a type in which an outer peripheral surface of an armature faces a peripheral surface having no permanent magnet field, that is, a radial inner side of a salient pole of an armature irrelevant to a magnetic flux path, that is, rotation. There is a structural feature that a protruding part is provided in a dead space that is not relevant to the electric machine, and the caulking part is provided on this protruding part. This prevents the physical size of the rotating electric machine from increasing due to the provision of the protruding part and the caulking part. There is an advantage that can be. Further, when the core plate is crimped, the internal structure of the core plate is distorted, and if the distorted portion is a magnetic path, the magnetic path will be affected.
In the present invention, the protrusion is provided at a position that does not affect the magnetic path radially inward of the salient poles of the armature, and the caulking portion is provided on this protrusion, so the caulking portion does not affect the magnetic path. There is also an advantage.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional front view showing an example of a rotary electric machine to which the present invention can be applied, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an armature of the rotary electric machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a rotation according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the armature of the electric machine, FIG. 4 is a plan view showing still another embodiment of the armature of the rotating electric machine according to the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a hysteresis diagram showing the magnetic characteristics of an electromagnetic steel plate that is an armature core material, and FIG. 6 is a hysteresis diagram showing the magnetic characteristics when distortion occurs in the armature core material.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining the principle of eddy current generation in the armature, FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an example of a conventional rotary electric machine armature, and FIG. 9 is a conventional rotary electric machine armature. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing another example of FIG. 10, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the structure of the caulking portion of the conventional example shown in FIG. 4,5,6 …… armature, 4b, 5b, 6b …… salient pole, 4c, 5c, 6c …… winding groove, 4d, 5d, 6d …… winding space, 4e …… winding guide Part, 4f, 5f, 6f ... Caulking part, 9 ... Permanent magnet field.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An armature formed by laminating a plurality of core plates having a plurality of salient poles and winding grooves formed between the salient poles, and a permanent magnet field magnetized to even poles. A rotating electric machine that includes a magnet, the outer peripheral surface of the armature is arranged to face the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet field, and one of the field magnet and the armature rotates with respect to the other. In the above, the armature has a plurality of protrusions at a position where there is little change in the magnetic flux inward of the salient poles in the radial direction and where there is little hysteresis loss and eddy current loss caused by the change in the magnetic flux. An armature for a rotating electric machine, wherein the caulking portion is provided on a protruding portion. 2. The projecting portion comprises a triangular winding guide portion formed in a portion of a winding space communicating with a winding groove of an armature, and the winding guide portion is caulked with a core plate. The armature for a rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein a portion is provided. 3. A protrusion according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is formed so as to protrude inward in the radial direction at both circumferential ends of each salient pole of the armature, and a caulking portion is provided at this portion. The armature of a rotating electric machine. 4. The armature core plate has a circular space on the inner peripheral side of the base portion connecting the respective ribs, and a plurality of protrusions are formed in the space, and the protrusions are provided with caulking portions. The armature for a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the armature is provided.