JPH08338663A - Air type heat taking and cold heat taking device in solar system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enable a device to be utilized in response to various kinds of weather characteristics or utilizing method of heat taking or cold heat taking due to the fact that a structure having a superior heat taking characteristic and another structure having a superior cold heat taking characteristic are integrally coupled in an organic manner and subsequently either the size or structure of each of the heat taking part and a cold heat taking part is adjusted when a heat taking device and a cold heat taking device are utilized for taking a natural energy, using air as heat medium. CONSTITUTION: An air flow passage 3 is inclined toward a sun-shining direction and has an air-intake port 2 at its one end just below an opaque plate 1 at its lower position. Another air flow passage below the opaque plate 4 at its upper position is arranged to be continuous with the air flow passage 3. There air passage are arranged such that a corrugated heat transfer plate 7 is placed below the transparent plate 4 at an air type heat taking or cold heat taking part formed as a thermal insulating layer at its bottom part of thermal insulating material 6 in such a way that its continuous corrugated shape direction may be crossed at a right angle with an air flowing direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air type heat collecting unit of a solar system for selectively collecting heat of solar heat in the daytime and radiative cooling at night by using air as a heat medium. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a solar system house in which the air collected by sunlight can be effectively used
61-311485 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-165633), Japanese Patent Application No. 62-2
No. 34666 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-75858) has been applied for.

As a solar heat collecting part, these form an air flow path having a roof slope directly below an opaque plate made of a metal roof plate or the like, and the lower surface of this air flow path is constructed as a heat insulating layer spread with glass wool or the like. However, one end of this air flow path is opened as an outside air intake at the eaves and the like (there may also be an attic), and the other end is connected to a header duct called a ridge duct made of a heat insulating material. In addition, the upper part of the roof is covered with a transparent plate such as glass on the opaque plate. This transparent plate cools the opaque plate when the wind is strong,
As a result, the heating by the solar heat is prevented from being hindered by the cooling.

The header duct is connected to a falling duct through a handling box provided with various dampers and fans inside, and the lower end of the falling duct is located between the heat storage soil concrete as a heat storage / radiation section and the floor panel. An opening was provided in the air circulation space, and a floor outlet was provided from the air circulation space to the room.

In this way, the opaque plate such as a metal roof plate heated by sunlight warms the outside air entering the air flow path, and the warmed air rises along the roof slope. Then, the heated air is collected in the header duct, then flows down in the falling duct by the fan, and enters the air circulation space between the heat storage soil concrete and the floor panel.
In this air circulation space, heated air directly heats the floor below through the floor panel, heat is stored in the soil storage soil concrete, and it is blown directly into the room as warm air from the floor outlet. Performs heating.

By the way, a fan is operated at night in summer, and cold air at night is taken into an air flow path, and radiative cooling from an opaque plate is also made to act. It is also sent to the air circulation space between and to store the heat in the heat storage soil concrete and to perform the cooling action of being blown directly into the room as cold air from the floor outlet.

The cooling action will be described in more detail.
A very clear blue sky will have thin clouds and water vapor as filters for the universe near absolute zero, and the apparent temperature from the ground will be very low. There is the exchange of radiant heat between it and the surface of the ground. The ones on the ground have higher temperatures, so they lose heat. At night there is no solar radiation, so the heat on the surface is taken away exclusively. That is nighttime radiation.

In order to raise the temperature of the intake air when heating is required such as in the winter, the heat collecting surface is covered with a translucent plate with glass or the like through which sunlight is transmitted, and an air layer is provided between them. As a result, many methods of increasing the heat insulation from the outside air are taken.

On the other hand, in order to lower the temperature of the intake air by radiative cooling, the temperature related to the cooling is generally determined on the surface of the material that is in contact with the outdoors, so the cooling air is contacted with the surface material. There are many methods of flowing air.

[0010]

Due to the above-mentioned contradictory circumstances, conventionally, the heat collecting device and the cooling device are often considered as different devices. As an integrated device that can be equipped with both, if the roof above is covered with an opaque plate above the opaque plate and is covered with a translucent plate such as glass, the larger the part covered with this translucent plate, the higher the heat collection efficiency. However, the cooling efficiency is reduced, and a sufficient radiation cooling effect cannot be obtained.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the conventional example and to provide a structure part having excellent heat collecting characteristics and a structure part having excellent cooling characteristics when air is used as a heat medium for both heat collecting and cooling. It is an object of the invention to provide an air type heat collecting unit of a solar system which can be integrated by utilizing organically and by which the size and structure of the heat collecting unit and the cooling unit can be adjusted.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is firstly inclined toward the direction of solar radiation, and one end of which is an air intake port just below an opaque plate at a lower position. An air flow path is formed, and an air flow path below the translucent plate is provided continuously to the air flow path at an upper position of the air flow path. The heat transfer plate is provided under the light-transmitting plate. Secondly, the heat transfer plate is a corrugated plate-shaped heat transfer plate, and the continuous direction of the waves is a direction orthogonal to the air circulation direction. Arranging so that the third
On the bottom heat-insulating layer, pier-shaped flow conditioners whose lengthwise direction is the continuous wave direction of the heat transfer plate are provided at appropriate intervals in the air circulation direction. Fourth, the bottom heat-insulating layer. A wood-like flow control material for the lower layer, which has a continuous direction of the wave of the heat transfer plate as the length direction, is provided at an appropriate interval in the air circulation direction, and heat transfer is performed between the translucent plate and the heat transfer plate. A closed plate-shaped flow control material for the upper layer having the lengthwise direction of the wave direction of the plate is arranged at an appropriate interval in the air flow direction. Fifth, the heat transfer plate is on the heat insulating layer at the bottom. To secure a large space between the translucent plate and the heat transfer plate. Sixth, near the air outlet at the end of the air flow path under the translucent plate, or near the air inlet and the air outlet. The gist of the invention is to provide corner flow control plates, which are horizontal plates, with their tips overlapping the ends of the heat transfer plate on both sides in the vicinity.

[0013]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, regarding heat collection, outside air, air mixed with outside air and circulating air, or circulating air is taken in from the air inlet, and the air is warmed by solar heat. The temperature of the air is raised by flowing while contacting the opaque plate. Next, the flowing air is distributed to the upper air layer passing above this heat transfer plate and the lower air layer passing below it by providing a heat transfer plate under the translucent plate that transmits solar radiation. I can handle it.

As for the distribution ratio, the temperature of the air in the lower layer having adiabatic air with respect to the outside air becomes higher than that in the upper layer due to the adiabatic amount. Depending on the difference in buoyancy due to the temperature of the air, the amount of air flowing in the lower layer is larger than that in the upper layer, so the temperature rise of the heat transfer plate due to solar radiation is also effectively performed, and the lower layer from the heat transfer plate is also effective. The transfer of heat to the air layer of the air will also be good.

Regarding heat dissipation, from the air intake to the outside air,
Alternatively, the temperature of the air is lowered by taking in the air in which the outside air and the circulating air are mixed or the circulating air and flowing the air while contacting the opaque plate cooled by the radiant cooling at night. Next, under the light-transmitting plate, the air flowing in the upper layer comes into contact with the light-transmitting plate cooled by radiation cooling, and the temperature of the air becomes low, and the air flowing in the lower layer emits radiation to the light-transmitting plate. The temperature of the flowing air is lowered by coming into contact with the heat transfer plate cooled by the above.

At this time, such as the outside air and circulating air on a summer night,
When the humidity of the flowing air is high, the dew point temperature rises according to the humidity, and when the surface temperature of the opaque plate cooled by radiative cooling becomes lower than the dew point temperature, dew condensation occurs on the surface of the opaque plate. As a result, the flowing air is dehumidified. This has the effect of reducing excessive humidity in the air in a temperature and humidity environment such as summer where people live.

Further, according to the invention of claim 2,
The heat transfer plate is a corrugated plate-shaped heat transfer plate, and by arranging it so that the continuous direction of the waves is orthogonal to the air circulation direction, the flowing air is below the translucent plate that transmits solar radiation. The corrugated plate-shaped heat transfer plate can also enter the inside of the valleys and the inside of the peaks to have a large contact area with the heat transfer plate.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned action, the flowing air is positively collided with the heat transfer plate by the flow adjusting material installed in the lower layer, and at the same time, the flow is disturbed. The heat of the heat transfer plate is easily transferred to the air.

According to the present invention of claim 4, further,
In addition to the function of claim 3, a closed plate-shaped upper layer flow adjusting material having a lengthwise direction of a wave of the heat transfer plate is provided between the translucent plate and the heat transfer plate in an appropriate air flow direction. By arranging in such a manner, it is possible to form a still air heat insulating layer on the lower surface of the light transmitting plate and suppress heat radiation from the light transmitting plate as much as possible.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when heat radiation is important, most of the air flowing in the upper layer comes into contact with the transparent plate cooled by radiative cooling, so that the temperature of the air becomes lower. The relatively small amount of air flowing in the lower layer comes into contact with the transparent plate and the heat transfer plate cooled by mutual radiation, so that the temperature of the flowing air becomes low.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the flow adjusting plate attached near the air outlet is provided by smoothing the flow of air from the upper layer to the lower layer and by forming a static air layer in a part of the flow regulating plate. The heat loss due to the high temperature part and the corner part of the end of the heat collection can be reduced. Further, the flow adjusting plate also has a role of preventing rain from flowing into the air outlet when the transparent plate is damaged.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a vertical side view showing a first embodiment of a pneumatic heat collecting unit of a solar system of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same as above, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the same as above. In addition, FIG.
Shows an example of a solar system house in which this air type heat collecting unit is installed.

Reference numeral 1 in the figure denotes an opaque heat collecting plate such as a metal plate, a slate plate, and a solar cell as a roof plate that does not transmit solar radiation (short wavelength radiation) and night radiation (long wavelength radiation). To form the air flow path 3 with the air inlet.
The opaque plate 1 is located below the roof, but above the roof, below the translucent plate 4 such as glass or acrylic that transmits solar radiation (short wavelength radiation) and does not transmit night radiation (long wavelength radiation). Air passages 5a and 5b continuous with the air passage 3 are provided.

The air passage 3 and the air passages 5a and 5b are also inclined because the opaque plate 1 and the translucent plate 4 are inclined toward the direction of the solar radiation, and the heat insulating material 6 is provided at the bottom thereof. To form a heat insulating layer.

Further, the lower part of the translucent plate 4 is an area having a height, but the corrugated plate-shaped heat transfer plate 7 has a valley 7a and a peak 7b alternating with each other in a continuous wave direction. Channel 5a,
It was arranged so as to be orthogonal to the traveling direction of 5b, that is, the air circulation direction. The heat transfer plate 7 has a base material having a high heat resistance such as a metal plate, and the finish is a dark color, a selective absorption film, a solar cell or the like that easily absorbs solar radiation,
The corrugated plate shape may be a rectangular corrugated shape or a combination of curved wave and straight corrugated shape, in addition to the mountain shape shown.

On the heat insulating material 6 at the bottom portion, a wood-like lower layer flow adjusting material 8 having a lengthwise direction in which the waves of the heat transfer plate 7 are continuous is provided at appropriate intervals in the air flow direction. The lower layer flow control material 8 has a trapezoidal cross section, and has a slope 8a.
Came to the front.

In this way, the heat transfer plate 7 forms the air flow path 5a on the inside of the valley portion 7a of the heat transfer plate 7 which forms an upper air layer passing above or above this. On the lower side of the heat transfer plate 7, an air flow path 5b is formed as a lower air layer that passes inside the mountain portion 7b or below the mountain portion 7b.

An air outlet 9 is formed below the transparent plate 4 near the ends of the air flow paths 5a and 5b so as to penetrate the heat insulating material 6, but above the air outlet 9, the tip of the air outlet 9 transfers heat. A corner flow adjusting plate 10 is provided by a horizontal plate so as to overlap the upper end of the plate 7.

A header duct is provided outside the air outlet 9.
11 is provided, and the header duct 11 is a falling duct 12 for storing heat storage soil concrete 13 and a floor panel 14 as a heat storage / radiation section.
The floor panel 14 is provided with a floor outlet 16 from the air circulation space 15 to the inside of the room. A fan 17 is provided in the fall duct 12 between the header duct 11 and the air circulation space 15.

Next, the usage and operation will be described. Regarding heat collection during the winter, etc., outside air, air in which outside air and circulating air are mixed, or circulating air is taken in from the air inlet 2, and the air is taken as solar heat. By making the air flow path 3 flow while contacting the opaque plate 1 heated by
Increase the temperature of the air.

The air flowing through the air flow path 3 is below the transparent plate 4 which transmits solar radiation, and above and below the heat transfer plate 7 there is an air flow path 5a.
And the air flow path 5b, and is divided into an upper air layer and a lower air layer. As for the distribution ratio, the temperature of the air in the lower layer, which has adiabatic air with respect to the outside air, becomes higher than that in the upper layer due to the adiabatic amount. Due to the difference in buoyancy due to the temperature of the air, the amount of air flowing in the lower layer is larger than that in the upper layer.

In this way, the heat for the air is transferred from the heat transfer plate 7 to the air flow path 5a and the air flow path 5b due to the temperature rise of the heat transfer plate 7 due to the solar radiation.

At this time, the air flowing through the air flow path 5b is positively struck against the heat transfer plate 7 by the lower layer flow adjusting material 8 installed in the lower layer, and at the same time, the flow is disturbed to cause the heat transfer plate 7 to move. The heat is easily transferred to the air.

Further, the corner flow adjusting plate 10 attached near the air outlet 9 smoothes the flow of air from the upper air passage 5a into the lower air passage 5b, and
By forming a static air layer in a part, the heat loss due to the high temperature part and the corner part of the end of heat collection can be reduced.

Then, the warmed air is transferred to the header duct.
After being collected in 11, the fan 17 flows down the falling duct 12 and enters the air circulation space 15 between the heat storage soil concrete 13 and the floor panel 14. In this air circulation space 15, heating air directly heats the floor below through the floor panel 14, heat is stored in the heat storage soil concrete 13, and it is directly blown into the room as warm air from the floor outlet 16. There are three ways of heating.

For cooling during the night in summer, outside air, air mixed with outside air or circulating air, or circulating air is taken in from the air intake 2, and the air is radiatively cooled at night in the air flow path 3. The temperature of the air is lowered by flowing while contacting the cooled opaque plate 1.

Next, below the light-transmitting plate 3, the upper air passage 5a is formed.
When the air flowing through the transparent plate 4 comes into contact with the transparent plate 4 that has been cooled by radiative cooling, the temperature of the air is lowered, while the air flowing in the lower layer is cooled by the mutual radiation with the transparent plate 4. By contacting the hot plate 7, the temperature is lowered.

Then, this air is sent to the air circulation space between the heat storage soil concrete 13 and the floor panel 14 through the descending duct 12, and is stored in the heat storage soil concrete 13 and cool air from the floor outlet 16 As a result, it is directly cooled and blows out into the room.

FIGS. 6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the present invention, which is a closed plate shape having a lengthwise direction between the transparent plate 4 and the heat transfer plate 7 in which waves of the heat transfer plate 7 are continuous. The upper layer flow control material 18 was arranged at appropriate intervals in the air flow direction. Further, a corner flow adjusting plate 19 made of a horizontal plate is provided at the corner of the portion separated from the air flow path 3 and the air flow paths 5a and 5b so that the tip thereof overlaps the upper end of the heat transfer plate 7.

Due to the presence of the upper layer flow adjusting material 18, a heat insulating layer for static air can be formed on the lower surface of the light transmitting plate 4, and the heat radiation from the light transmitting plate 4 can be suppressed as much as possible. Furthermore, the air flowing through the air flow path 5a is flow control material for upper layer 18
By virtue of this, the heat of the heat transfer plate 7 is positively struck by the heat transfer plate 7 and, at the same time, the heat of the heat transfer plate 7 is easily transferred to the air by disturbing the flow.

FIGS. 9 to 11 show a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the heat transfer plate 7 is provided on the heat insulating material 6 at the bottom without any gap, and as a result, the heat transfer plate 4 and the heat transfer plate 6 are transferred. A large space is secured between the plates 7.

The third embodiment is of a type that emphasizes heat dissipation, and the amount of air flowing through the upper air passage 5a is larger than that of the lower air passage 5b. Many of the cooled transparent plates 4 come into contact with each other, so that the temperature of the air becomes lower. Further, the relatively small amount of air flowing through the lower-layer air flow path 5b comes into contact with the translucent plate 4 and the heat transfer plate 7 that has been cooled by mutual radiation or the like, so that the temperature becomes low.

Incidentally, in this type in which heat dissipation is important, the wave in which the valleys 7a and the peaks 7b of the heat transfer plate 7 alternate may have a large undulation.

The size balance between the opaque heat collecting surface under the opaque plate 1 and the transparent heat collecting surface under the translucent plate 4 is such that the heat transfer plate 7 becomes transparent at the time of heat collection. The temperature characteristics of the heat-collecting air can be roughly adjusted by the length of the heat-collecting and cooling surface, the heat-transfer area of the heat-transfer plate 7, and the type of surface finish. Basically, the characteristics of the heat transfer plate 7 are adjusted so that the length of the transparent heat collecting / cooling surface is shortened. This means that the length of the opaque heat collecting cold surface that does not reach a high temperature becomes long, and the material forming that part does not need to have high heat resistance, and as a result, there are parts that can be made of inexpensive materials and materials that are easily available. It will be many.

At the time of cooling, the opaque heat-collecting surface, which is in direct contact with the flowing air, has a greater ability to cool the flowing air than the transparent heat-collecting surface. Since a large area can be taken, the heat dissipation capacity also increases.

Further, it is conceivable that both the opaque heat collecting surface and the transparent heat collecting surface are box-type, or both of them can be installed on a ready-made roof or the like.

[0047]

As described above, the air-type heat collecting / collecting section of the solar system of the present invention uses both the heat collecting and the cooling for taking in natural energy using air as a heat medium,
Since the structure part with excellent heat collecting characteristics and the structure part with excellent cooling characteristics can be organically integrated and integrated, and the size and structure of the heat collecting part and the cooling part can be adjusted, various climatic characteristics and heat collecting properties can be adjusted. It can be used according to the usage of cold air.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a first embodiment of a pneumatic heat collecting unit of a solar system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a first embodiment of a pneumatic heat collecting unit of the solar system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view showing a first embodiment of a pneumatic heat collecting unit of the solar system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing an example of heat collection of a solar system house in which the air-type heat collection unit of the present invention is installed.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing an example of a solar system house in which the air-type heat collecting unit of the present invention is installed, during cooling.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing a second embodiment of the air type heat collecting and cooling section of the solar system of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the air type heat collecting and cooling section of the solar system of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional front view showing a second embodiment of the air type heat collecting and cooling section of the solar system of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing a third embodiment of the air type heat collecting and cooling section of the solar system of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of the air type heat collecting and cooling section of the solar system of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional front view showing a third embodiment of the pneumatic heat collecting section of the solar system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Opaque plate 2 ... Air intake port 3 ... Air flow path 4 ... Translucent plate 5a, 5b ... Air flow path 6 ... Heat insulating material 7 ... Heat transfer plate 7a ... Valley 7b ... Mountain part 8 ... Flow control material for lower layers 8a ... Slope 9 ... Air outlet 10 ... Corner flow adjustment plate 11 ... Header duct 12 ... Falling duct 13 ... Heat storage soil concrete 14 ... Floor panel 15 ... Air distribution space 16 ... Floor outlet 17 ... Fan 18 ... Upper layer flow Adjusting material 19 ... Corner flow adjusting plate

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An air flow path, which is inclined toward the direction of solar radiation, has an air flow path whose one end is an air intake port immediately below the opaque plate, and has an air flow below the translucent plate above the opaque plate. A passage is provided continuously to the air passage, and the air passage has a heat transfer plate under the light-transmitting plate in the air type heat collecting and cooling unit of the solar system in which the bottom portion is formed as a heat insulating layer. The air-type heat collecting unit of the solar system. 2. The pneumatic system of the solar system according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer plate is a corrugated plate-shaped heat transfer plate, and is arranged such that the continuous direction of the waves is orthogonal to the air flow direction. Heat collecting unit. 3. The solar system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a flow control material having a lengthwise direction in which the wave of the heat transfer plate is continuous is provided on the bottom heat insulating layer at appropriate intervals in the air flow direction. Pneumatic heat collection unit of the system. 4. A wood-like flow control material for the lower layer having a lengthwise direction in which the waves of the heat transfer plate are continuous is provided on the heat insulating layer at the bottom at appropriate intervals in the air flow direction, and the light-transmitting light is transmitted. 3. A closed plate-shaped upper layer flow adjusting material having a lengthwise direction in which the wave of the heat transfer plate is continuous is disposed between the plate and the heat transfer plate at appropriate intervals in the air flow direction. Pneumatic heat collecting unit of the solar system described in 2. 5. The solar utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer plate is provided on the heat insulating layer at the bottom without any gap, and a large space is secured between the translucent plate and the heat transfer plate. Pneumatic heat collecting unit. 6. A flow for corners by a horizontal plate near the air outlet at the end of the air flow path under the translucent plate, or on both sides near the air inlet and near the air outlet, with the tip overlapping the upper end of the heat transfer plate. The air-type heat collecting and cooling unit of the solar system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an adjusting plate is provided.