JPH08333566A - Swelling composite water-stopping material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a water-stopping material enabling complete water-stopping work even on e.g. a rough or stepped surface in high workability by combining a foamed rubber or soft plastic having a specific hardness with a specific water- swelling fiber. CONSTITUTION: This water-stopping material is produced by placing (A) a water- swelling fiber having a water-absorption ratio of >=36, a water-absorptivity of >=1,700g/m<2> and an apparent density of 0.01-0.2g/cm<3> on at least one surface of (B) a foamed rubber or soft plastic having a hardness of 5-60 measured by an ASKER-C type rubber hardness meter. Preferably, the material is a composite material produced by bonding the short fibers as the component A by a flocking method perpendicularly to the circumference of at least the longitudinal direction of the component B having a string form. The string-formed component B is preferably a foamed polyethylene, etc. The component A is preferably an acrylonitrile-based water-absorbing and swelling fiber having the outer layer subjected to swelling and modifying treatment with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide. The areal density of the component A is preferably 50-600g/m<2> .

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water blocking material which is particularly effective for a rough surface of a water blocking material, a step, a joint between water blocking materials, and a cross-over joint portion of the water blocking material. More specifically, water stoppage for civil engineering, ALC plates for housing wall materials, precast concrete plates, wood, wood chip cement, bricks, stone materials, corrugated pipes, fume pipes, etc. The present invention relates to a water-stopping material that is effective and durable for stopping water at a stepped portion such as a water-stop, water-stopping at a joint between water-stopping materials, or water-stopping at a cross-over portion where vertical joints and horizontal joints intersect. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the industry, various waterproofing materials are used in various parts. Especially, it is difficult to completely stop the water if the surface of the waterproofing material is rough or the surface of the waterproofing material is Is not smooth and there is a step, or the gap distance changes after fixing the water blocking material to the water blocking gap, or when water blocking for a long period of time is required as in a house. In addition, there is still water at the cross-over joint area where the vertical and horizontal joints intersect. For these parts, not a fixed water-stopping material but an amorphous water-stopping agent such as a thiochol-based, polyurethane-based, butyl-based, alkyd-based water-stopping agent has been used. However, the liquid waterproofing agent requires on-site work and at the same time requires a craftsman with special technical experience. Moreover, although the liquid waterproofing agent is good at stopping water when it is applied, the durability of the hardened liquid waterproofing agent that can follow the gap even if the water-stopping gap changes due to changes in the building is about 10 years at the most. Have. This is because the liquid waterproofing agent can cope with complicated gaps, but the waterproofing agent peels off from the surface of the waterproofing material over a long period of time and does not function as a waterproofing material. In addition, the liquid waterproofing agent can be applied again, but the standard waterproofing material cannot be replaced, and there is nothing that can withstand a long-term waterproofing. Therefore, it is not used for parts such as houses and civil engineering. It was

In order to solve these drawbacks, attempts have been made to use regular water-stopping agents instead of liquid water-stopping agents. For this reason, efforts have been made to make the regular water-stopping material easily deformable from a non-foamed material to a foamed material, that is, the used water-stopping material follows the surface of the water-stopped material. Further, even in the case of foams, lower hardness, higher elongation, and higher foaming have been promoted, and further, lower hardness and higher followability have been achieved from closed cells to open cells having waterproofness. However, these foams are also required to follow the waterproof material to the surface of the waterproof material, and low hardness and high elongation are required,
Stress is not always generated by following, and if following is not enough, strength is reduced and there is nothing that can be put to practical use.

Further, when a fixed waterproof material is used for the cross joints where the vertical joints and the horizontal joints of the exterior panel of the house intersect, the vertical joint waterproof material and the horizontal joint waterproof material are overlapped, and the thickness of the waterproof material increases. There will be a step gap. As for these parts, the liquid waterproofing agent is still the mainstream because the standard waterproofing material is not sufficient.

Further, there is no fixed water-stopping material that can cope with the step difference between the joints between coated steel sheets or the difference in size and thickness between members at the gathering point of various members. Adhesive composites and other materials are available, but not enough.

Further, when connecting the fixed water-stopping material and the fixed water-stopping material, it is preferable to double the water-stopping material from above without waste, but there is a step gap due to the thickness of the water-stopping materials. Leak water. Therefore, it was limited to use without connection, and when connection was required, it was replaced with a new waterproofing material and the rest was discarded. Also, for long-term use, it is necessary for the waterproof material to follow new changes in the building in addition to durability such as strength of the waterproof material used, and to fill new gaps. Or it was impossible with plastic because stress relaxation occurs and the compound force disappears.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a first object thereof is to achieve high compression with a low compression load and a low compression load even if the surface of the water-stopped material is rough. The present invention provides a water blocking material having the ability to drain water. Another object of the present invention is to provide a water-stopping material of a fixed shape that allows even non-specialized workers to perform water-stopping work. Another object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof material which is sufficiently adaptable with a low compression and a low compressive load to a cross-lap joint portion where the waterproof material intersects. Another object of the present invention is to provide a water blocking material which can sufficiently cope with a step at a connecting portion between coated steel sheets and a step at a gathering portion of many members with a low compression and a low compression load. Another object is to provide a water blocking material capable of overlapping and connecting the water blocking materials. Another purpose is to compress the water-stop gap due to compression of the water-stop gap for a long period of time.In addition, the size of the water-stop gap changes due to changes in buildings, etc., creating a gap between the water-stop material and the water-stopped material. However, it is still another object of the present invention to provide a water-stopping material capable of sealing a gap repeatedly by self-expansion due to its own water absorption and capable of stopping water for a long time.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies made by the present inventors in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, as a result, a water-swellable fiber having special conditions with the greatest degree of deformation and a foam having special conditions are obtained. The inventors have found that the problem is solved by combining the above and completed the present invention. In the present invention, the water swellable fiber is disposed on at least one surface of a rubber or soft plastic foam having a hardness of 5 or more and 60 or less in a rubber hardness meter ASKER C type, and the water absorption capacity of the water swellable fiber alone is 36 times or more, water absorption is 1700 g / m
² (one side) or more, and apparent specific gravity of 0.01 g / cm
^The use of swellable composite waterstops in the range of ² to 0.20 g / cm ² (excluding rubber or soft plastic foam). Further, the present invention resides in the use of a swellable composite water-blocking material obtained by integrating water-swellable fibers on at least the circumferential surface of a string-shaped rubber or soft plastic foam.

Further, the water-swellable fiber is a non-swellable fiber which has been subjected to a swelling modification treatment from the surface, and a water-swellable composite water-stop material comprising rubber or a soft plastic foam arranged on the water-swellable fiber. Is to use. It is also the use of swellable composite waterstops in which the rubber or soft plastic foam is in particular open cell. Also it consists of an inner layer portion and the outer portion is water-swellable fibers, acrylonitrile polymer outer layer, and -C00X: swellable composite stopper which has a salt carboxy group represented by (X alkali metal or NH _4,) The use of water. Further, in a swellable composite water-blocking material in which water-swellable fibers are integrated on at least the circumferential surface of a string-shaped rubber or soft plastic foam, the rubber or soft plastic foam is mainly a polyethylene foam. Alternatively, it is to use a swellable composite waterproof material which is a polypropylene foam.

In particular, the present invention provides a rubber or soft plastic foam with a specific performance for a portion where the conventional fixed water-stopping material cannot achieve sufficient water-stopping and a portion where long-term water-stopping durability cannot be achieved. By arranging the water-swellable fiber which it has, even if the water-stop gap changes after water-stop construction, it is self-expanding and a water-stop material having a sufficient water stop capability is provided. That is, the present invention provides a water blocking material having sufficient ability to stop water even if the surface of the water blocking material is rough. Further, the present invention provides a waterproofing material which is suitable for cross-joint parts such as houses where waterproofing materials cross each other, especially vertical joints and horizontal joints intersect. Even if a building is subject to long-term aging, and even if there is no compounding force of the water blocking material and a water blocking gap is created, reversible self-water absorption expansion does not reduce the water blocking capability for a long time. It is to provide wood. Another object of the present invention is to provide a water blocking material that can sufficiently exhibit water blocking ability even when the surface of the water blocking material is not smooth and has steps. Another object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof material capable of overlapping and connecting the waterproof materials.

The present invention will be described in more detail. The water-swellable fiber that can be used in the present invention has a water absorption capacity of 36 times or more, more preferably 40 times or more, a water absorption amount of 1700 g / m ² or more, and an apparent density of 0.0.
It is necessary to satisfy the condition of 1 g / d to 0.20 g / cm ³ . Particularly apparent density is 0.015 g / cm ^{3 to} 0.15
g / cm ³ is particularly preferred. The water absorption capacity and the water absorption amount are values measured as follows. JIS-Z
200mm in height and 50m in width under standard conditions according to -8703
A sample of m is cut out and its weight (W) is weighed.
Next, this sample is immersed in pure water for 30 minutes so that the upper surface of the sample is located 10 mm below the water surface, and then left on a wire mesh of 80 mesh for 5 minutes to measure the weight (W ₁ ). If the sample size is different, it may be measured and corrected in accordance with the above measuring method. The apparent density is calculated by the following formula by measuring the volume (V) and the weight (W ₂ ) under a standard condition according to JIS-Z-8703 and under non-compression condition. However, for thickness measurement, change the location using a micro gauge and measure accurately at five points and average.

When the water absorption ratio is 36 times or less, the water stopping power is too small to be put to practical use. Further, even when the water absorption amount is 1700 g / m ² or less, the swelling amount for stopping water as a whole is small and it cannot be put to practical use. Further, when the apparent specific gravity is 0.01 g / cm ³ or less, it is in a cotton-like state, and the thickness of the water blocking material becomes large, resulting in a large compression margin, which is not preferable in terms of work. Furthermore, apparent specific gravity is 0.20 g /
If it is ³ cm ³ or more, the fiber density becomes high and the fiber cannot be freely deformed, and the adaptability of the rough surface and steps of the water-stopped material, which is the main object of the present invention, is lost, which is not preferable.
That is, unlike the rubber or plastic foam, the present invention utilizes the free deformability of each fiber to follow the surface of the mating base material, and further absorbs water and swells to hermetically seal the rubber or plastic. The repulsive force of the foam and the shape retention are synergistic.

Next, as the water-swellable fiber used in the present invention, first, a water-swellable fiber obtained by polymerizing a water-absorbing monomer on a fiber base material, and secondly, a non-swellable fiber as a whole is swelling-modified. Third, there are water-swellable fibers, thirdly water-swellable fibers in which the outer layer portion of non-water-swellable fibers is selectively subjected to a water-absorption-swelling modification treatment. The water-swellable fibers mentioned as the first one are, for example, as shown in JP-A-63-28639 and JP-A-7-1634, for example, after the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is attached to a polyethylene fiber and then polymerized. The water-swellable fiber shown in the second is the one disclosed in JP-A-56-1.
5458, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-42916, and the like, and carboquine-alkylated cellulose fibers and acrylonitol-based fibers. Having: (alkali metal or NH ₄ X) group third in JP 58-10508 as a water-swellable fibers shown, -C00X fiber outer layer is water swellable shown in JP 57-21549 Acrylonitrile fiber and the like. However, the most preferable is the acrylonitrile-based water-swellable fiber having the outer layer portion shown in the third portion subjected to the swelling-modifying treatment. The water-swellable fiber obtained by polymerizing the first water-absorbing monomer by adhesion is a polymer of the water-absorbing monomer in an irregular shape on the surface of the non-water-swelling fiber, and is inferior in flexibility as a fiber to the surface of the water-stopped material. Is less adaptable. The second carboxyalkylated cellulose fiber and acrylonitrile fiber are not made by adhesion polymerization of water-absorbing monomers, but by making COOH groups or CN groups in the fiber hydrophilic with sodium hydroxide etc. It is preferable in that it has excellent properties and that it does not fall off like water-swellable fibers obtained by attaching and polymerizing a water-absorbing monomer, but since the entire fiber swells, the fiber strength greatly decreases when water is absorbed, and Since the expansion force is not limited to the thickness direction and the water stop pressure does not increase because it also swells in the length direction, and because the water stop material absorbs water and expands in the length and width directions to pop out, the appearance after water stop is bad, etc. Has the problem of. The water-swellable fiber explained in the third is acrylonitrile-based non-water-swellable fiber in which only the outer layer portion is selectively hydrophilized with an alkali or the like, and there is no drop-off like in the case of a water-absorbing monomer. It is most suitable for the present invention because it has the original flexibility of the fiber and is small in strength decrease when absorbing water because the inner layer is non-swelling and has no swelling in the length direction of the fiber and has durability at all. . The water-swellable fiber used in the present invention may be made into a water-swellable fiber in a fiber filament state, or may be made into a fixed-form fiber material and then made into a water-swellable fiber. The form of the water-swellable fiber used in the present invention may be woven fabric, non-woven fabric, knitted fabric or the like, but a non-woven fabric having no directionality is most suitable for the present invention.

The non-woven fabric is prepared by forming the non-woven fabric in advance and then forming the non-woven fabric by reactive water-swelling swelling in a post-process, or by subjecting the non-woven fabric to reaction-water-swelling fibrillation in the state of short fibers, and then forming the non-woven fabric in a post-process into a non-woven fabric. And the like are used. In the method of forming a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric in the subsequent step, it is possible to mix other non-water-absorption swellable fibers for the purpose of improving the adhesive strength or the strength. Also, this can change the swelling property. The thickness of the fiber is not particularly limited, but is 15 denier or less, preferably 0.2 denier to 10 denier. When the fiber thickness is 15 denier or more, the ability to follow a rough surface and the ability to follow a stepped surface tend to be particularly poor. On the other hand, when it is 0.2 denier or less, it tends to be difficult to selectively perform the swelling modification treatment on the outer layer portion of the third water-swellable fiber, that is, the non-water-swellable fiber. The length of the fibers is not particularly limited, and short fibers or long fibers can be used in the present invention. The basis weight of the water-swellable fiber to be placed on the surface of the rubber or plastic foam is 40 g / m ² to 2000 g / m ^2, preferably 50 g / m ² to 600 g / m ² .

Further, the water-swellable fiber which can be used in the present invention will be described in more detail. In order to produce a water-swellable fiber by adhering a water-absorbing monomer to the non-water-swellable fiber shown as the above-mentioned first and polymerizing it, a fiber serving as a base material is required. Polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polychlorinated There are single and mixed fibers such as vinyl and acrylic, and composite fibers. Other cotton, rayon, etc. may be added. The water-absorbing monomer is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer including those that can be converted into a water-absorbing polymer after polymerization, and ethylene having a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a hydroxy group, an amide group, or the like as a functional group. There are unsaturated monomers. For example, acrylic acid and its salt, methacrylic acid and its salt, hydroxyalkyl acrylate and its salt, acrylamide and the like.

[0016] Next, as an example of a fiber obtained by subjecting all of the non-water-swellable fibers shown as the second to a swelling-modifying treatment to the inside to obtain water-swellable fibers, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-42916, acrylonitrile. The method of hydrolyzing the base fiber to convert the produced carboxyl group to a sodium salt, and the cellulose fiber is converted to alkali cellulose as described in JP-A-56-15458,
CM by acting monochloroacetic acid in the presence of propanol
It is produced by a general method such as a method in which C-Na salt is cross-linked with a post-crosslinking agent after C-Na salt or CMC-Na salt is added to a cellulose fiber which has been cross-linked in advance.

Next, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-1050, which is the third one.
8. As disclosed in JP-A-57-21549, it is produced by treating the outer layer portion of acrylonitrile fiber with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide having a specific concentration.
In this case, the inner layer portion may be the same acrylonitrile fiber, another copolymer or another polymer.
In the water-swellable fiber, the outer layer portion of one fiber is water-swellable and is integrated with the non-water-swellable layer of the inner layer portion. Therefore, it does not elute like a swellable waterproof material mixed or swelled with a different type of swellable resin that has been conventionally used as a swellable waterproof material, and is repeatedly swelled and dried. It is suitable as a waterproofing material for civil engineering and housing.

The rubber or soft plastic foam used in the present invention includes foams such as chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber and EPDM rubber, closed cells such as soft vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicon and polyurethane, and open cells. There is a soft plastic foam. The hardness of these foams is 5 or more and 60 or less, preferably 45 or less by a rubber hardness meter (manufactured by Japan Rubber Association, SRIS-0101, ASKER C type polymer meter company). When the hardness is 60 or more, it lacks flexibility and lacks adaptability to the water-stopped surface, impairs the flexibility of the water-swellable fiber, and deteriorates workability such as setting of the water-stoppage material to the water-stopped material surface. . Further, when the mating waterproof material has a low rigidity such as a housing member, an open-cell body such as polyolefin, rubber, urethane, or vinyl chloride having water-stopping property is particularly preferable instead of the closed-cell body. In recent years, a thinner member is used as a housing member, so that a foam having a high hardness cannot compress the central portion between the members to be fixed with a screw or the like, so that the waterproof performance cannot be exhibited. For this reason, open-cell water-blocking polyethylene, open-cell water-stopping EPDM, and open-cell water-blocking polyurethane are particularly preferable for water blocking between members having low rigidity.

The structure of arranging the water-swellable fiber in the rubber or soft plastic foam may be appropriately selected depending on the intended use and the purpose of arranging it on one side or both sides of the rubber or soft plastic foam. In particular, when sticking to a mating base material with an adhesive tape or the like, there are cases where one side of the rubber or soft plastic foam is a water-swellable fiber and the other side is a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, and sometimes both sides are water-swellable fibers. When no adhesive tape is used, water-swellable fibers are generally placed on both sides. Since adhesive tapes and adhesives lack durability for several decades, it is most preferable to place water-swellable fibers on both sides and set or push between the members.

As the method for arranging the water-swellable fiber in the rubber or soft plastic foam of the present invention, a structure in which a pressure-sensitive adhesive or an adhesive is used for integration, a structure for fusion integration by heat or the like, or a staple is used. There is a structure in which they are integrated with each other, or a structure in which they are simply overlapped.

The rubber or soft plastic foam used in the present invention is generally in the form of a block or sheet, but as a special example, a rubber or soft plastic foam in the form of a string is swollen with water on the peripheral surface. There is one that integrates natural fibers and is used as a vertical joint between wall materials of houses, a backup material for horizontal joints, or as a main waterproofing material. These strings are circular or irregular and are usually manufactured by using an irregular extruder. Water-swellable fibers can be placed on these rubber or soft plastic foams by laminating a fibrous material on the surface, covering the string-like material in a tube shape, or using a flocking method to apply short fibers to the surface. In some cases, the flocking method is preferable in terms of performance, industrialization, and price. In this flocking method, in addition to the water-swellable fibers, other fibers can be mixed and used. In particular, a circular or string-like material is suitable for insertion into a gap such as a wall material of a general house or a wall material of a building. Even if the water-swellable composite water-stopping material of the present invention is twisted during insertion, the shape is always the same because it is circular, which is preferable. This string-like swelling composite water-stopping material swells repeatedly by the invading water to completely stop the gap.
As the string rubber or soft plastic foam, chloroprene rubber foam, EPDM rubber foam or non-crosslinked polyethylene foam, crosslinked polyethylene foam, noncrosslinked polypropylene foam, crosslinked polypropylene foam, etc. are used. Particularly preferred are polyethylene foam and polypropylene foam. These olefin-based foams have excellent flexibility, and the expansion ratio can be changed from several times to about 50 times, whereby the hardness can be freely changed.

[0022]

The present invention has a repulsive force and shape-retaining property, but is inferior in long-term water-stopping property, rough surface water-stopping, step water-stopping, cross water-stopping, and joint water-stopping rubber or soft plastic foam and water. By combining with a durable swellable fiber that reversibly swells and stops by absorbing water, water absorption capacity, water absorption amount and apparent density are limited to limit the step water stoppage and rough surface water stoppage, which are defects of rubber or soft plastic foams. It also improves the water resistance, joint water resistance and durability. Rubber or soft plastic foams are used in all applications as crevice waterstops.
In particular, it is widely used for automobiles, light electric current, etc. that do not require durability because of its excellent resilience, flexibility, shape retention, and work such as inserting into gaps or fixing to water-stopped members. ing. However, when used for a long period of time, stress relaxation occurs and the stress on the surface of the water-stopped material becomes zero. Liquid waterproofing agents (irregular waterproofing agents) are mainly used in the fields of housing and civil engineering, while water-swellable fibers are used for sanitary products, diapers, soil conditioners,
It has been used in large amounts for dew condensation prevention materials, drip absorbers, etc., but it has been proposed to be used as a water blocking material for many years. It is limited to the range used in rubber. The former water-stopping is simply high-rigidity and flat water-stopping between sheet-pile steel plates and sheet-pile steel plates on a flat surface. It is completely different from water stopping on the surface of water, cross-sealing joint water stopping, and water stopping by connecting water stopping materials, and is achieved only by a high density water-swellable water stopping material. The latter is the water stoppage at the time of breakage in the cable coating rubber, which is completely different from the water stoppage between the water-stopped materials for this purpose.

The present invention integrates a water-swellable fiber having a low apparent density, a specific water absorption capacity and a specific water absorption amount into a rubber or soft plastic foam having a hardness of 5 to 60 in the ASKER C-type. Repulsive force for close contact with the water-stopped material, which is required as a standard water-stopping material, due to the synergistic effect of
In addition to shape retention and workability, the water-swellable fibers make use of the degree of freedom of deformation to support water-stopping of rough surface water-stopped materials under low compression loads, water-stopping of steps, and cross. It is a solution to multiple joint water-stopping, connecting water-stopping materials to each other and preventing water leakage, which is the biggest drawback of water-swellable fibers. Is it necessary to reduce the apparent density in order to make use of the degree of freedom of deformation from each fiber? When used as a single item, the gap between each fiber is large until the fiber swells in contact with water. Causes initial water leakage during. Further, if the fiber density is made extremely high, the initial water leakage can be prevented, but there is no followability to the water-stopped material and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. If low-density water-swellable fibers are used after being highly compressed, some of the purposes can be achieved, but a thick "cotton-like" material must be handled, and there is no shape retention and it does not adhere to the ground. The setting workability is poor and there is no repulsive force to the water-stopped material, so it cannot be used as a practical base. For example, if a 10 mm gap is stopped by a single water-swellable fiber, water will leak from the 10 mm gap at the initial stage of water addition. According to the method of the present invention, for example, if a water-swellable fiber of 4 mm is integrated with a foam of 11 mm and the water-swellable fiber surface is compressed to 10 mm with the rough water-stopping material side, the water-swellable fiber is soft and highly advanced. And most of the gaps are filled with foam. Since the foam does not permeate water, water leakage only occurs at the interface of the water-swellable fiber portion, and since the water-swellable fiber is highly compressed, water leakage at the initial stage of water addition is suppressed.
Specifically, especially in the case of long-term use such as civil engineering and housing, the adhesives and adhesives used for attaching to the members lack durability, so it is not necessary to use an integrated material such as these adhesives to create gaps. It is desirable to set, and by integrating the water-swellable fiber with rubber or soft plastic, the ability to hold the set in the gap and the pushability into the gap can be greatly improved. The water-swellable fiber alone requires high compression use to reduce irregularities on the surface to be stopped and initial water leakage, and must handle thick and low-density "cotton-like" material, resulting in poor workability and reaction force. Since there is no such thing, there is no adhesion to the surface of the water-stopped material, and since there is no repulsive force, it is necessary to tighten the bolts significantly in order to compress significantly. That is, since the water-swelling fiber and the foam are integrated with each other, the thickness of the water blocking material can be reduced, so that the tightening of the bolt can be reduced. For example, when trying to stop water in a gap of 10 mm, a water-swellable fiber alone requires a thickness of 30 mm to 40 mm, but when used together with a rubber or soft plastic foam, water can be sufficiently stopped in about 15 mm. .
By using the water-swellable composite water-stopping material of the present invention, even if the house is deformed due to changes in the daytime and nighttime, or in the summer and winter, and the water-stop gap changes, the water-absorbing and swelling property constantly swells and seals. It is possible to exhibit water stopping performance for a long time.

The swellable composite water-stopping material of the present invention is a hydrophilic material which is difficult to stop with a conventional hydrophobic water-stopping material on the member side, such as water-stopping on concrete surface, brick surface, tile surface, stone material. It is particularly suitable for stopping water on the surface, the surface of the main material, etc., and is particularly excellent in stopping water on the uneven surface. When the material to be stopped is a hydrophilic material, it has a good affinity with water and easily leaks water. On the other hand, since the water-stopping material of the present invention is hydrophilic, the water-stopping pressure is increased by absorbing water, and therefore it is considered that the surface of the water-stopped material is completely pressed to prevent water leakage.

The use of the swelling composite water-stopping material of the present invention is as a gap between wall panels for houses, a gap between joint roof members between upper and lower floors, water-stopping, corrugated pipe joints such as soil, hume pipe joints, box culverts. Water blocking material for joints, manhole joints, etc. It is most suitable for joint water-stopping materials for corrugated pipes, fume-tube joint water-stopping materials in Tsuchimoto, and for gap sealing between outer wall panels in houses.

[0026]

Example 1 The outer layer portion of 3 denier acrylonitrile fiber was treated with an alkali having a specific concentration, and the outer layer portion was COO-N.
A non-woven fabric was prepared by blending the a-fiberized fibers with other non-water-absorbent fibers. Separately, the non-woven fabric prepared above was adhered to the upper surface and the lower surface of a chloroprene rubber foam having a thickness of 3.0 mm by using a double-sided adhesive tape. Table 1 shows the characteristics and water blocking properties of this composite product. Water proof is 30mm inside diameter, 90mm outside diameter
30m thick punched out test sample in the shape of donut
Sandwiching two polycarbonate sheets of m at each compressibility, water pressure is applied from the hole at the center of the donut-shaped sample, and the water pressure at which water can be stopped for one day or more is measured. The water stop test is carried out by placing a stainless steel spacer having a thickness of 1.0 mm and a width of 10 mm on the test sample toward the center while crossing over the test sample so as to cross the test sample. As is clear from this table, the water-swellable composite water-stop material of the present invention is particularly excellent in the water-stopping performance without steps and with steps even at low compression and low compression load. Further, the hardness of the water swellable material at each compression ratio of the swellable composite water proof material was measured according to JIS K6767.

[0027]

[Comparative Example 1] Comparative Example 1 shows the results of water stoppage using chloroprene rubber sponge alone and is shown in Table 1. Example 1
It carried out similarly to. It can be seen that even if the chloroprene rubber sponge is highly compressed, it is inferior in water-stopping property at the same time, and at the same time, it becomes a high compression load and the water-stopped material is easily deformed.

[0028]

[Comparative Example 2] Three water-swellable fibers used in Example 1 were stacked and a water-stop test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 Table-1
It was shown to. Water-swellable fibers cause initial water leakage even at low water pressure. In addition, since the compression hardness is small and the repulsive force to the water-stopped material is insufficient, if the donut shape is used as in this water-stop test, the test sample will deform and leak water, and will not function as a water-stop material.

[0029]

According to the present invention, the surface of the water-stopped material has a rough surface, a step,
Water can be completely stopped even if there are joints or cross joints. Also regarding the durability related to long-term water stop, even if the water stop gap changes, the gap can be sealed by repeated swelling due to water absorption of the water-swellable fiber. As a result, the place where liquid sealing material was conventionally applied on-site in the fields of houses, buildings, and civil engineering can be replaced by the swellable composite water-stopping material of the present invention, so efficient factory production is possible and special You don't need a technician.

[Table 1]

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A water-swellable fiber is provided on at least one surface of a rubber or soft plastic foam having a hardness of 5 to 60 in a rubber hardness meter ASKER C type, and the water-absorption capacity of the water-swellable fiber. Is 36 times or more (defined in the text), water absorption is 1700 g / m ² or more (defined in the text), and apparent density is 0.01 g / cm ^{2 to} 0.20.
Swellable composite waterproof material in the range of g / cm ³ (defined in the text) 2. A swellable composite water-blocking material obtained by integrating water-swellable fibers on at least the circumferential surface of a rubber or soft plastic foam having a string shape. 3. The swellable composite water-stop material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the non-water-swellable fiber already having the water-swellable fiber is subjected to a swelling modification treatment from the surface. 4. The swellable composite waterproof material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rubber or soft plastic foam is an open-cell body. 5. The water-swellable fiber is composed of an inner layer portion and an outer layer portion, and the outer layer portion is an acrylonitrile polymer and -CO.
The swellable composite waterproof material according to claim 3, which has a salt-type carboxy group represented by OX (X: alkali metal or NH ₄ ). 6. The swellable composite waterproof material according to claim 2, wherein the soft plastic foam is mainly a polyethylene foam or a polypropylene foam. 7. The swellable composite waterproofing material according to claim 1 or 2, which is used as a corrugated pipe and a fume pipe joint seal. 8. The swellable composite waterproof material according to claim 1 or 2, which is used as a gap seal between outer wall panels of a house.