JPH0833282A - Carbon brush unit for commutator motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent such problems as abnormal sparks of a cummutator motor or unbalanced wear by making uniform the pressure, pressure direction, etc., of a carbon brush. CONSTITUTION:A carbon brush 5 is provided, on the opposite sides thereof, with spaces for containing tension springs 7. The front part of a brush holder 6 is connected through a metal retainer 8 with the rear part of the carbon brush 5 which is thereby pushed forward by the contracting force of the tension spring 7 and touches the commutator 9 of a motor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention makes the spa of an electric motor by making the pushing force and direction of the carbon brush uniform.
The present invention relates to a carbon brush unit for an electric motor that prevents problems such as abnormalities and uneven wear.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional carbon brush unit for an electric motor will be described below.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, an electric motor car
The carbon brush unit has a carbon brush 1 whose main component is carbon and which is covered with a metal brush holder-2. The carbon brush 1 is contained in the brush holder-2.
The compression spring 3 for pressing the rectifier against the commutator piece 9 is housed.
And a copper wire 4 for electrically connecting the brush holder-2 to the brush holder-2.

When the carbon brush unit for an electric motor having the above-mentioned structure is attached to the electric motor, the compression spring 3 is pushed by the force of the expansion and the carbon brush 1 is moved to the commutator piece 9 of the electric motor.
The electric current flowing into the brush holder-2 by contacting with the electric current flows through the copper wire 3 and the carbon brush 1 into the commutator of the electric motor.

Further, when the material of the carbon brush of the electric motor is determined, the winding specifications of the electric motor, the current value, the rotation speed, the humidity, etc. are taken into consideration. For example, in the case of a high current value, the one with a high specific resistance is used to improve the stability of the input, and in the one with a high rotational speed, the soft resin brush material for improving the followability. Was generally selected.

[0006]

In such a conventional carbon brush unit for an electric motor, since the compression spring 3 is housed in the brush holder 2 in a compressed state, in the case of a spring having a small diameter, Since the compression spring 3 meanders in the brush holder-2, the pressing force and direction of the carbon brush 1 are not uniform. Further, in the case of a compression spring having a large diameter, the pressing force per unit length becomes small, so that it is necessary to increase the total length of the compression spring 3, and therefore it is necessary to increase the total length of the brush holder-2.

Further, in the case of an AC / DC motor, the power supply voltage is generally 100 V in the case of alternating current and 2 in the case of direct current.
It will be as low as 4V, and naturally the current flowing through the winding of the motor and the number of revolutions will be smaller than with AC. In the past, a pair of carbon brushes were also used in an AC / DC motor, so use an intermediate material between high current for AC and high rotation and low current for DC and low rotation. Inevitably,
It was not always possible to use a material made of the optimum material for both AC and DC. Therefore, the carbon brush was abnormally worn.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides a
An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon brush unit for a commutator motor, which can prevent problems such as a spark abnormality and uneven consumption of the motor by making the pushing force and direction of the bomb brush uniform.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a carbon brush unit which has less sparks and has excellent wear resistance in both AC and DC electric motors when operated by AC and DC. .

[0010]

The first means of the present invention for achieving the above first object is to provide a carbon-carbon-based carbon brush as a main component, and a carbon brush on one side opposite to the commutator. A metal pressing plate provided, a metal brush holder that covers the carbon brush, a front portion of the brush holder and the pressing plate are connected by a tension spring.

A second means for achieving the first object is a carbon brush containing carbon as a main component, and a metal pressing plate provided on the side opposite to the commutator of the carbon brush. A metal brush holder that covers the carbon brush and has cutouts on both sides, and a front portion of the brush holder and the pressing plate are connected by a tension spring.

A third means for achieving the first object is a carbon brush containing carbon as a main component, and a metal brush holder which covers the carbon brush and has a threaded portion at a rear portion thereof. Between the adjusting plate provided in the space behind the carbon brush, the screw-like adjusting rod protruding rearward from the adjusting plate through the threaded portion of the brush holder-rear, and between the rear face of the carbon brush and the adjusting plate. A carbon brush unit for a commutator motor is provided, which includes a compression spring housed therein and a copper wire that passes through the compression spring and connects the carbon brush and the adjusting plate.

A fourth means for achieving the second object is a carbon brush mainly composed of carbon and divided into right and left parts for alternating current and direct current, and a threaded part at the rear part covering the carbon brush. A metal brush holder provided with an adjustment plate, an adjustment plate provided in a space behind the carbon brush, and a screw-like adjustment protruding from the adjustment plate to the rear through a threaded portion at the rear of the brush holder. A rod, a compression spring housed between the rear surface of the carbon brush and the adjusting plate, and a copper wire passing through the compression spring and connecting the carbon brush and the adjusting plate are provided.

[0014]

According to the first means of the present invention, the brush holder
By attaching a tension spring inside and pressing the carbon brush using the force of the spring to shrink, the spring is always straight and does not meander, and the force and direction to press the carbon brush becomes uniform. Therefore, it is possible to prevent problems such as spark failure and uneven wear.

According to the second means, the brush holder-
By attaching a tension spring inside and pressing the carbon brush using the force of the spring to shrink, the spring is always straight and does not meander, and the force and direction to press the carbon brush becomes uniform. Therefore, it is possible to prevent problems such as abnormal sparks, uneven wear, and brush holders.
The total length can be shortened by making a notch in.

According to the third means, the brush holder is provided with a threaded portion on its rear surface, and a screw-shaped adjusting rod is passed through the brush holder so that the plate behind the carbon brush can be moved back and forth. The force applied to the commutator by the carbon brush can be uniformly adjusted before the carbon brush unit for the vehicle is set on the electric motor, and problems such as abnormal sparks and uneven wear can be prevented.

According to the fourth means, a threaded portion is provided on the rear surface of the brush holder, and a threaded adjusting rod is passed through the threaded portion.
Since the plate behind the bomb brush can be moved back and forth, the force applied by the carbon brush to the commutator can be adjusted evenly before the carbon brush unit for the motor is set in the motor. By dividing the bon brush into left and right parts for AC and DC, problems such as abnormal sparks and uneven wear can be further prevented.

[0018]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
Will be described with reference to. As shown in the figure, in a carbon brush unit for a commutator motor, a carbon brush 5 whose main component is carbon is used as a metal brush holder-6.
1 tension spring 7 is housed in each of the spaces on both sides of the carbon brush 5 of the brush holder 6 and one end of each tension spring 7 is held by the brush holder 6.
The other end of the front part of 6 is connected to a metal pressing plate 8 located behind the carbon brush 5. Then, the carbon brush unit for the commutator electric motor is set on the brush mounting portion (not shown) of the electric motor (not shown), and the carbon brush 5 is brought into contact with the commutator 9 of the electric motor.

The operation of the above structure will be described. When the carbon brush unit for the commutator motor is set in the motor, the tension spring 7 contained in the brush holder 6 is pulled. In other words, the carbon brush 5 is always in contact with the commutator 9 of the electric motor by the force of the two tension springs trying to contract. Therefore, the electric current that flows into the brush holder 6 of the electric motor carbon brush unit set as described above flows into the commutator 9 of the electric motor through the pressing plate 8 and the carbon brush 5.

As described above, the two tension springs 7 housed in the brush holder 6 utilize the force of contraction to push the carbon brush 5 into contact with the commutator of the electric motor. Since 7 is always straight and does not meander, the force and direction in which the carbon brush 5 comes into contact with the commutator 9 of the electric motor are made uniform, and sparks are abnormal in the commutator part of the electric motor, uneven wear, etc. You can prevent problems.

(Embodiment 2) A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in the figure, in the carbon brush unit for an electric motor of this embodiment, a carbon brush 5 mainly composed of carbon is covered by a metal brush holder 6 having notches 10 on both sides. In the space on both sides of the carbon brush 5 of the brush holder 6, one tension spring 7 is housed, and one end of the tension spring 7 is located at the front of the brush holder 6 and the other. The end is connected to the metal pressing plate 8 behind the carbon brush 5. The pressing plate 8 is slidable in the notch 10 in the brush holder 5 in the front-rear direction.

The carbon brush unit for the electric motor as described above is set on the brush mounting portion of the electric motor, and the carbon brush 5 is brought into contact with the commutator 9 of the electric motor. The operation of the above structure will be described.
By setting the Bon brush unit, the carbon brush 5 is pushed rearward, and therefore the brush holder 6
The tension spring 7 housed inside is pulled.

In other words, the carbon brush 5 is always driven by the two tension springs trying to contract, so that the commutator 9 of the electric motor is constantly operated.
Make contact with. Therefore, the electric current that flows into the brush holder 6 of the electric motor carbon brush unit set as described above flows into the commutator 9 of the electric motor through the pressing plate 8 and the carbon brush 5.

As described above, since the two brush springs 6 housed in the brush holder 6 utilize the force of contraction to push the carbon brush 5 into contact with the commutator of the electric motor, Since the spring 7 is always straight and does not meander, the force and direction in which the carbon brush 5 contacts the commutator 9 of the electric motor are uniform, and problems such as abnormal spark of the electric motor and uneven wear can be prevented. In addition, since the notch 10 of the brush holder 6 is provided, the total length can be shortened.

(Embodiment 3) A third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in the figure, the carbon brush unit for a commutator motor according to the present embodiment is a carbon brush 5 whose main component is carbon.
Is covered with a metal brush holder 6 having a threaded portion 15 on the rear surface thereof, and a metal adjusting plate 13 is provided therein, and the metal adjusting plate 13 is provided from the rear surface of the adjusting plate 13 to the rear surface of the brush holder-6. A screw-shaped adjusting rod 11 protruding rearward through the threaded portion 15 is provided, a compression spring 12 is housed between the rear surface of the carbon brush 5 and the adjusting plate 13, and the inside of the compression spring 12 is the carbon brush. The copper wire 14 connecting the 5 and the adjusting plate 13 is passed through. The carbon brush unit for the electric motor is set on the brush mounting portion of the electric motor, and the carbon brush 5 is brought into contact with the commutator 9 of the electric motor.

To explain the operation in the above configuration, before the carbon brush unit for the commutator motor is set in the electric motor, the rush output applied to the carbon brush 5 is measured, and if the measured value is a predetermined value, Adjustment rod 1 when large
By rotating 5 to lower the adjusting plate 12 to the rear, the force applied to the carbon brush 5 by extending the compression spring 12 can be reduced. When the measured value is smaller than the determined value, the adjusting spring 11 is similarly rotated to move the adjusting plate 12 forward so that the compression spring 12 contracts to increase the force applied to the carbon brush 5. . When the force applied to the carbon brush 5 is made constant by repeating the above process and then set in the electric motor, the carbon brush 5 comes into contact with the commutator 9 and flows into the brush holder 6 with a constant force. The current is adjusted plate 13, copper wire 14, carbon brush 5
And flows into the commutator 9 of the electric motor.

Thus, the car for the commutator motor of this embodiment
According to the Bon brush unit, the force applied to the carbon brush 5 can be adjusted to a constant value by turning the adjusting rod 11 provided on the brush holder 6 to the left and right, so that the carbon brush 5 acts on the commutator 9. The contacting force is always uniform, and problems such as a spark abnormality of the electric motor and uneven wear can be prevented.

(Embodiment 4) A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. As shown in the figure, the carbon brush unit for a commutator motor of this embodiment is mainly composed of carbon, and a carbon brush 16 for AC and a carbon brush 17 for DC are paired and screwed on the rear surface. It is inserted into a metal brush holder 6 provided with a cut portion 15, and the metal adjustment plate 1 is inserted in the brush holder 6.
3 is provided, and a screw-shaped adjusting rod 11 protruding rearward from the rear surface of the adjusting plate 13 through a threaded portion 15 provided on the rear surface of the brush holder 6 is provided. A compression spring 12 is housed in the space, and the inside of the compression spring 12 is a copper wire 14 connecting the carbon brush 5 and the adjusting plate 13.
Is passing. The carbon brush unit for the electric motor is set on the brush mounting portion of the electric motor, and the carbon brush 5 is brought into contact with the commutator 9 of the electric motor.

To explain the operation of the above structure, the force applied to the carbon brush 5 is measured before setting the electric motor carbon brush unit on the electric motor, and if the measured value is larger than the determined value. By rotating the adjusting rod 11, the adjusting plate 12 is lowered backward so that the compression spring 12 extends and the force applied to the carbon brush 5 can be reduced. When the measured value is smaller than the determined value, the adjustment plate 12 can be moved forward by rotating the adjustment rod 15, and the compression spring 12 can be compressed to increase the force applied to the carbon brush 5.

By repeating the above steps and setting a constant force applied to the carbon brush 5 in the electric motor, the carbon brush 5 comes into contact with the commutator 9 with a constant force, and the brush holder 6 is fixed. The current that flows in is the control plate 1
3, the copper wire 14 and the carbon brush 5 flow into the commutator 9 of the electric motor.

In the spark of the electric motor, the commutator 9 is a card.
Although it is most likely to occur at the end away from the bomb brush 5, as shown in FIG. 8, when the electric motor is used in alternating current, it is rotated in the L direction, and when used in direct current, the spark is most generated. The places that are likely to occur are the ends of the AC carbon brush 16 for AC and the ends of the DC carbon brush 17 for DC, so sparks can be suppressed in both AC and DC.

As described above, the commutator motor car of this embodiment
According to the Bon brush unit, the force applied by the carbon brush 5 can be adjusted to a constant value by turning the adjusting rod 11 provided on the brush holder 6 to the left and right, so that the carbon brush 5 acts on the commutator 9. The contact force is uniform,
Further, the carbon brush can be divided into an AC carbon brush 16 and a DC carbon brush 17 on the right and left sides, and the rotation directions of the electric motors can be matched with each other, whereby problems such as a spark abnormality of the electric motor and one-sided slip can be prevented. .

[0033]

As can be seen from the above embodiments, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the tension spring is used to make the force and direction applied to the commutator by the carbon brush uniform so that the spa -It is possible to prevent problems such as abnormalities and unevenness.

According to the second embodiment, by using a tension spring to make the force and direction applied by the carbon brush to the commutator uniform, problems such as spark failure and one-sided verging can be prevented. Also, by making a cutout in the brush holder, the total length can be shortened.

According to the third embodiment, the screw-shaped adjusting rod provided on the brush holder is turned to the left and right to make the force applied by the carbon brush to the commutator uniform, thereby causing a spark abnormality and It is possible to prevent problems such as burrs.

According to the fourth embodiment, the screw-shaped adjusting rod provided on the brush holder is rotated to the left and right to make the force applied to the commutator by the carbon brush uniform, and to use the carbon brush for alternating current and direct current. By splitting left and right for
It is possible to further prevent problems such as one-sided flipping.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is an external perspective view of a carbon brush unit for a commutator motor showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a partially cutaway side view of the carbon brush unit.

FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a carbon brush unit for a commutator motor showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the carbon brush unit.

4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an external perspective view of a carbon brush unit for a commutator motor showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view of the carbon brush unit.

FIG. 7 is an external perspective view of a carbon brush unit for a commutator motor showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway side view of the carbon brush unit.

FIG. 9 is an external perspective view of a conventional carbon brush unit for a commutator motor.

FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway side view of the carbon brush unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 Carbon brush 6 Brush holder 7 Tension spring 8 Holding plate 10 Notch 11 Adjusting rod 12 Compression spring 13 Adjusting plate 14 Copper wire 15 Screw cut portion 16 Carbon brush for AC 17 Carbon brush for DC

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Satoshi Murata 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A carbon brush containing carbon as a main component, a metal pressing plate provided on one side of the carbon brush opposite to the commutator, and a metal brush holder for covering the carbon brush. A carbon brush unit for a commutator motor, in which a front portion of a brush holder and the pressing plate are connected by a tension spring. 2. A carbon brush containing carbon as a main component, a metal pressing plate provided on one side of the carbon brush opposite to the commutator, and a notch provided on both sides of the carbon brush to cover the carbon brush. A carbon brush unit for a commutator motor, comprising a metal brush holder, a front portion of the brush holder and the pressing plate connected by a tension spring. 3. A carbon brush containing carbon as a main component, a metal brush holder that covers the carbon brush and has a threaded portion at the rear, and an adjustment provided in a space behind the carbon brush. Plate, a screw-shaped adjusting rod protruding rearward from the adjusting plate through the brush holder-threaded portion at the rear, a compression spring housed between the rear face of the carbon brush and the adjusting plate, and a compression spring. Carbon brush unit for commutator motor consisting of a carbon brush passing through the inside and a copper wire connecting the adjusting plate. 4. A carbon brush mainly composed of carbon, which is divided into right and left parts for AC and DC, a brush holder which covers the carbon brush and is made of metal, and a space behind the carbon brush. The adjustment plate provided in the, a compression spring housed between the rear surface of the carbon brush and the adjustment plate, and a copper wire that passes through the compression spring and connects the carbon brush and the adjustment plate. A carbon brush unit for a commutator motor, wherein a commutator piece is rotated to the side of the carbon brush for AC and a commutator piece is rotated to the side of the carbon brush for DC during DC operation.