JPH0833105A - Slider wear amount-of-pantograph and deformed amount-of-shoe measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately measure the slider wear amount of a pantograph and the deformed amount of a shoe without contact by a relatively small-sized sensor. CONSTITUTION:A one-dimensional image sensor 9 is installed oppositely to the longitudinal direction of the slider of a pantograph 4 at the front and/or the rear of the advancing direction of a moving electric railcar 1 to image the slider or the shoe of the pantograph 4. As the railcar l moves, the sensor 9 sequentially detects the one-dimensional image information of the slider or the shoe, and fetches the information in synchronization with the vehicle speed or at each vehicle or composition. Thus, a secondary image of the slider or the shoe is obtained at each vehicle or composition. A measuring system 10 processes the obtained image to obtain the wear amount of the slider or the deformed amount of the shoe, and to generate an alarm signal when the wear amount or the deformed amount exhibits an abnormal value.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a measuring system for measuring the amount of wear of a sliding plate of a pantograph of an electric vehicle and the amount of deformation of a boat. The present invention relates to a pantograph wear plate wear amount measuring system and a boat body deformation amount measuring system capable of measuring the boat deformation amount.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Most electric trains, especially electric cars that run at high speed, use a pantograph. This pantograph is always in a frictional state and is worn during running because the contact plate collects current by contact with a trolley wire that supplies electric power. It is especially important in vehicle maintenance to constantly monitor the state of this wear and take appropriate replacement measures.

However, in the past, since this kind of work was impossible while the vehicle was running, the pantograph was taken down when the electric car stopped in the garage, and a manual measuring tool such as visual inspection or vernier calipers was used. Was done in. On the other hand, with the development of non-contact measurement technology in recent years, research on a method of non-contact monitoring of the wear state of a pantograph and the like has also been advanced.

As a technique of this kind, an ultrasonic sensor is provided on an overhead line, and when the pantograph passes under the ultrasonic sensor, an ultrasonic beam is emitted from the ultrasonic sensor so that the pantograph's rolling plate and boat body are Ultrasonic method for measuring the thickness of the contact strip by determining the distance to the
Monthly issue, pp. 6-12, "Automatic measuring device for pantograph contact plates"), a projector and an image receiver are provided on the overhead line, and when the pantograph passes under the projector and the image receiver, the side surface of the pantograph contact plate is An optical system (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-146001) has been proposed in which an image is received to determine the amount of wear of the contact plate.

[0005]

By the way, the method of manually measuring the amount of wear of the sliding plate of the pantograph when the electric vehicle is stopped in the garage is dangerous because the working place is high, and It is inefficient. On the other hand, in the above-described ultrasonic method, it is necessary to two-dimensionally install a relatively large number of ultrasonic sensors in order to measure the entire surface of the contact plate, which causes a problem that the sensor becomes large and the cost becomes high. there were.

Further, in the optical system, a very large number of channels arranged two-dimensionally are required for accurate detection, and the size of the image receiver becomes large, which makes it difficult to miniaturize. there were. The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a first object of the present invention is to accurately measure and manage the amount of wear of a sliding plate of a pantograph with a relatively small sensor. It is to provide a pantograph wear plate wear amount measuring system capable of performing the same.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a pantograph boat deformation amount measuring system capable of accurately measuring and managing the deformation of the boat body of a pantograph by means of a relatively small sensor. A third object of the present invention is to automatically measure the amount of wear of the sliding plate of the pantograph and the amount of deformation of the boat, accumulate and manage the measured data for each vehicle, and when an abnormality is detected. It is an object of the present invention to provide a system for measuring a wear amount of a pantograph sliding plate and a deformation amount of a boat capable of issuing an alarm or warning information.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 of the present invention is a pantograph of an electric vehicle, in which a sliding plate of a boat can be photographed from an oblique upper surface in a traveling direction and a rearward direction. A one-dimensional image sensor installed in the vehicle, a vehicle speed detecting means for detecting the speed of the electric vehicle, an identifying means for identifying the number of the vehicle or the formation, and one-dimensional image information of the scraping plate as an output of the vehicle speed detecting means. A pantograph wear plate wear amount measuring system is constituted by a processing device which takes in in synchronization and calculates the wear amount of the pantograph wear plate for each vehicle or each formation based on the output of the recognition device.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a pantograph of an electric vehicle, a one-dimensional image sensor is provided at a position where a sliding plate of a boat can be photographed from an oblique upper surface in a traveling direction and a backward direction, and a speed of the electric vehicle. A vehicle speed detecting means for detecting, and a processing means for acquiring the one-dimensional image information of the boat imaged by the one-dimensional image sensor in synchronism with the output of the vehicle speed detecting means, and obtaining the deformation amount of the boat body of the pantograph. Is a system for measuring the amount of deformation of a hull of a pantograph.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, means for identifying the number of the vehicle or the formation is provided, and the processing means determines the deformation amount of the hull of the pantograph for each vehicle or formation. It is configured in.

[0011]

A one-dimensional image sensor is installed at a predetermined position in front of and / or behind the moving electric vehicle in the longitudinal direction of the sliding plate of the pantograph, and the sliding plate or boat of the pantograph is mounted by the one-dimensional image sensor. By photographing the body, one-dimensional image information of the sliding plate or the boat is sequentially detected according to the movement of the electric vehicle.

Therefore, by taking in this one-dimensional image information in synchronization with the speed of the electric vehicle, the shape of the contact plate or the boat can be obtained. Further, by processing the image information relating to the shape of the contact plate or boat obtained as described above and obtaining numerical data, the amount of wear of the contact plate or the amount of deformation of the boat can be obtained.

According to the present invention, the amount of wear of the sliding plate of the pantagla and the amount of deformation of the boat are measured based on the above principle. In the invention of claim 1 of the present invention, as described above, A one-dimensional image sensor in which the sliding plate of the hull is installed at a position where it can be photographed from the oblique upper surface in the traveling direction and the rear direction, vehicle speed detecting means for detecting the speed of the electric vehicle, and identifying means for identifying the vehicle or formation number And, the one-dimensional image information of the scraping plate is taken in synchronization with the output of the vehicle speed detecting means, and the wear amount of the pantograph sliding plate is obtained for each vehicle or each train based on the output of the recognizing means. It is possible to accurately measure the wear amount of the contact plate without contact without any need. Further, since the one-dimensional image sensor can be used as the sensor, the image sensor can be downsized and the cost can be reduced as compared with the conventional one.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the one-dimensional image information of the boat imaged by the one-dimensional image sensor is taken in in synchronism with the output of the vehicle speed detecting means to obtain the deformation amount of the boat body. With this configuration, as in the case of the first aspect of the invention, the amount of deformation of the boat can be accurately measured in a non-contact manner without requiring manpower. Further, since a one-dimensional image sensor can be used as the sensor, the image sensor can be downsized, and the cost can be reduced as compared with the conventional one.
It can be reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, means for identifying the number of the vehicle or the formation is provided, and the processing means determines the deformation amount of the hull of the pantograph for each vehicle or formation. Since it is configured as described above, the deformation of the hull can be obtained and managed for each vehicle or each formation.

[0016]

1 is a diagram showing the overall construction of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is an electric vehicle that is running, and the electric vehicle 1 is running in the direction of the arrow in the figure. In addition, 2 is an overhead line, 3 and 3'are columns installed on both sides of the track of the electric car,
Reference numeral 4 is a pantograph, 5 is a vehicle number identification tag attached to each vehicle, 6 is a transmitter / receiver attached to the support column 3, and the vehicle number identification tag 5 is an electromagnetic wave from the transmitter / receiver 6. When received, it transmits a code signal indicating the vehicle number. Then, the transmitter / receiver 6 receives the code signal transmitted from the vehicle number identification tag 5 to identify the vehicle number. In the embodiment shown in the figure, an example in which a tag is provided for each vehicle is shown, but a tag is provided for each formation,
It can also be configured to identify the number of the formation.

A is a measuring means of this embodiment. In the measuring means A, 7a is an infrared light emitting device installed on the support column 3,
Reference numeral 7b is an infrared detector installed on the column 3 ', and the pantograph 4 is the infrared emitter 7a and the infrared detector 7b.
When passing through the space, the infrared rays incident on the infrared detector 7b are shielded, and as described later, the measurement of the pantograph sliding plate and the hull is started.

Although not shown in the figure, another pair of infrared ray emitters and infrared ray detectors are installed on the columns 3, 3 ', and the infrared ray detectors 7b and the other infrared ray detectors are connected to each other. The vehicle speed is detected from the output time difference. Further, the detection of the vehicle speed is not limited to this. For example, the transmitter / receiver 6 may be provided at two locations for measurement.

Reference numeral 8 is an illumination for irradiating the pantograph 4 with light, for example, an illumination including a halogen lamp or the like, and 9
Is a CCD line sensor, and the CCD line sensor 9 is a plurality of image detecting elements (usually 1000 to several 1000s) arranged one-dimensionally (in parallel or in an oblique direction) facing the contact plate and boat of the pattern graph 4. Element),
One-dimensional images of the sliding plate and the boat are sequentially captured by the plurality of image detection elements and sent to the measurement system 10.

Although only two CCD line sensors 9 are shown in the figure, four CCs are used for capturing the left, right, front and rear surfaces of the pantograph, as will be described later.
A D line sensor 9 is installed. Reference numeral 10 is a measurement system, 11 is an input / output device, and the measurement system 10 is composed of a processor and the like. The measurement system 10 processes a one-dimensional image captured by the CCD line sensor 9, and wears the abrasion plate,
Find the amount of deformation of the boat.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the arrangement of CCD line sensors. The same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the diagram shows a view of the vehicle from above. ing. In the figure, reference numerals 91 to 94 denote CCD line sensors. As shown in the figure, the overhead line 2 is laid in a meandering manner at a location where the CCD line sensor is installed, and C
The CD line sensors 91, 92, 93, 94 photograph the sliding plate 42 and / or the boat 41 of the pantograph 4 from the front and back. Since a part of the pantograph sliding plate is hidden by the overhead wire, two CCD line sensors are provided for photographing the front surface and the rear surface of the pantograph sliding plate, respectively.

The number of pixels of the CCD line sensor 9 can be appropriately determined according to the required measurement accuracy.
By using a sensor with about 1000 pixels, about 0.8
Information for each mm can be captured (when the measurement width of one sensor is set to about 790 mm). In the embodiment described later, the information captured by the CCD line sensor having about 4000 pixels is sampled and 1 /
It is set to 4 and the information of about 1000 pixels is obtained.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the arrangement of the CCD line sensor, the illumination and the pantograph slider, and FIG. 3 (a) shows the arrangement of the CCD line sensor and the illumination installed in the forward direction of the vehicle, and (b). ) Is a C also placed behind
The arrangement of the CD line sensor and the illumination is shown. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the CCD line sensor 9
1 to 94 are 10 ° with respect to the sliding plate 42 of the pantograph 4.
The illumination 8 is installed at an angle of several degrees with respect to the vertical direction of the sliding plate 42.

As will be described later, the image information of the contact strip or the like of the pattern graph is taken in in synchronization with the speed of the vehicle. Therefore, the resolution in the thickness t direction of the contact strip or the like is the speed of the vehicle and the CCD line. When the vehicle speed is set to a maximum of 25 km / H and the CCD line sensors 91 to 94 are installed at the angles as described above depending on the installation angles of the sensors 91 to 94, 0.
It is possible to have a resolution of about 2 mm.

The installation angle of the CCD line sensor is
It can be appropriately selected according to the vehicle speed at the time of measurement and the required resolution, and is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the position / speed sensor of the vehicle. As described above, in the present embodiment, two sets of sensors including the infrared ray emitters 71a and 72a and the infrared ray detectors 71b and 72b are installed. There is.

The infrared rays incident on the infrared detector 71b are shielded by the sliding plate 42 to detect the entry of the vehicle into the measurement section and activate the measurement system. The vehicle speed is detected based on the time difference between the outputs of the infrared detector 72b, and the image captured by the CCD line sensor is captured according to the vehicle speed.

As the technique for detecting the position / speed of the vehicle, various other known techniques such as detecting passage of a vehicle wheel by using a magnetic sensor or the like can be applied. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing the configuration of the measurement system of the present embodiment, FIG. 5 shows the overall system configuration, and FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the image reading control unit in FIG.

In FIG. 5, 6 is a sensor for detecting the vehicle number by receiving the code signal transmitted from the tag 5 attached to the vehicle, 7 is a position / speed sensor, and 9 is a CC.
The D line sensor 21 is an image reading control unit, and four image reading control units 21 are provided when four CCD line sensors are installed as shown in FIG. In the image reading control unit 21, 21a is an image capturing unit, and the image capturing unit 21a is the CCD line sensor 9
Capture the output of and store it in memory. Reference numeral 21b is an interface unit that sends the position / speed of the vehicle detected by the position / speed sensor 7 to the image capturing unit 21a. Two
A control unit 1c transfers the captured image information to the CPU unit 23.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a vehicle number recognition section for recognizing the vehicle number from the output of the sensor 6, and the vehicle number recognition section 22 sends the recognized vehicle number to the CPU section 23. Although FIG. 1 shows an example of receiving a code signal transmitted from a tag attached to a vehicle and recognizing it by the vehicle number, other means for recognizing the vehicle number is, for example, an image sensor or the like. It is also possible to read the number attached to the image as image information and recognize the vehicle number by performing character recognition, or the operator can visually check the vehicle number and input it from the input device.

Reference numeral 23 is a CPU unit for processing the captured image information to obtain the abrasion amount of the contact plate and the deformation amount of the boat as numerical data, 24 is a main storage device, 25 is an external storage device, 2
6 is an input / output device for displaying the profile of the contact plate, the hull, and the measured wear amount as numerical data, and an operator inputs various commands. 27 is for printing numerical data. Printer.

Further, in FIG. 6, 42 is a pantograph contact plate, 9 is a CCD line sensor, and the CCD line sensor 9 is a photosensitive portion in which image information detecting elements are arranged one-dimensionally as shown in FIG. 9a and a transfer unit 9b. The transfer unit 9b is composed of, for example, a register, and captures the one-dimensional image information detected by the photosensitive unit 9a at a cycle corresponding to the vehicle speed, and captures the captured image information, for example. , 40 MHz together with the 40 MHz clock signal. Reference numeral 7 is a position / speed sensor for detecting the passage of the vehicle and the vehicle speed.

Reference numeral 21a is an image capturing section, which converts the one-dimensional image information transferred from the transfer section 9b into an AD converter 211 and a one-dimensional image information converted into a digital signal. It is composed of a sampling unit 212 for sampling at a predetermined ratio and a memory 213 for sequentially storing sampled one-dimensional image information.

In this embodiment, 4000 pixels detected by the CCD line sensor are sampled by the sampling unit 212 at a rate of, for example, 1/4 and stored in the memory 213. 21 b is an interface unit, and the interface unit 21 b is a control unit 214.
And an image capturing unit 2 for measuring measured vehicle speed data.
1a, and when the position / speed sensor 7 detects the entry of the vehicle into the measurement location, the entry of the vehicle is notified.

Reference numeral 21c denotes a control unit, and the control unit 21c performs preprocessing for capturing a photographed image in response to a vehicle entry notification from the interface unit 21b, and displays the image information fetched and stored in the memory 213. 5 to the CPU section. Next, the operation of the system of this embodiment will be described focusing on the measurement of the wear amount of the pantograph contact plate. The measurement of the hull of the pantograph can be performed in the same manner.

In FIG. 6, when the infrared detector 71b (see FIG. 4) of the position / speed sensor 7 detects the entry into the measurement location of the vehicle, the position / speed sensor 7 detects the entry of the vehicle into the interface section 21b. Output a signal. The vehicle approach detection signal is transmitted to the control unit 2 via the interface unit 21b.
1c, and the control unit 21c controls the CCD line sensor 9
A start signal is given to the device to set the image readable state, and the image capturing unit 21a is initialized.

Next, when the vehicle is detected by the second infrared detector 72b (see FIG. 4) of the position / speed sensor 7, the position / speed sensor 7 outputs the output signals of the infrared detector 71b and the infrared detector 72b. Pantograph 4 from the time difference
, And sends it to the interface unit 21b, and the control unit 214 of the interface unit 21b causes the pantograph 4 to move.
To the image capturing unit 21a. And C
The one-dimensional image information of the pantograph photographed by the photosensitive portion 9a of the CD line sensor 9 is taken into the transfer portion 9b at a cycle corresponding to the passing speed of the pantograph 4.

The image information captured by the transfer unit 9b is transferred to the AD converter 211 of the image capture unit 21a together with the 40 MHz clock signal as described above. The AD converter 211 converts the transferred image information into a digital signal, and the image information converted into the digital signal is sampled by a sampling unit at a rate of, for example, 1/4 and stored in the memory 213. Therefore, as the vehicle advances, the one-dimensional image information of the sliding plate 42 is sequentially stored in the memory 213, and when the sliding plate 42 passes, the two-dimensional image information of the sliding plate 42 is stored in the memory 213. It

Here, since the cycle of taking in the image information to the transfer unit 9b changes according to the speed of the vehicle, the resolution of the image in the vehicle traveling direction is constant regardless of the vehicle speed. When the two-dimensional image of the scraping plate is stored in the memory 213, the control unit 21c displays the stored image information as C shown in FIG.
Transfer to the PU unit 23. On the other hand, the vehicle number identification device 22 shown in FIG. 5 identifies the vehicle number as described above and sends the vehicle number of the vehicle to be measured to the CPU section 23.

The CPU section 23 converts the image information according to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step S1, the contour line of the sliding plate or boat is extracted from the sent image information, and in step S2, the similarity with the shape of the sliding plate (or boat) given in advance is compared. If the similarity is poor, the process returns to step S1 without adopting the image information, and the contour line is similarly extracted. If the similarity is good, the image data is taken in as image information of the landslide plate (or boat).

In step S3, graphic data is created from the captured image information, and in step S4, the outputs of the two CCD line sensors installed in the front of the vehicle traveling direction and the rear of the vehicle in the vehicle traveling direction are installed. The outputs of the two CCD line sensors are combined and processed. In step S5, the pixel numbers P1 and P2 (see the dotted line frame in FIG. 7) are obtained from the graphic data, and numerical data of the wear amount of the contact plate and the deformation amount of the boat are created.

In step S6, abnormal wear of the contact plate and deformation of the boat are extracted from the obtained numerical data, and if an abnormality occurs, an abnormality alarm signal is output in step S7. Further, in step S8, the obtained numerical data and the like are stored in a file together with the vehicle identification number.

The operator can know from the above-mentioned abnormality alarm that the sliding plate is abnormally worn or the boat is abnormally deformed, and the numerical data stored in the file can be used to check the sliding plate of each vehicle. The amount of wear and the amount of deformation of the boat can be managed. In the above embodiment, the transfer unit 9b changes the cycle of capturing image data according to the vehicle speed, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, from the photosensitive unit 9a to the photosensitive unit 9a. It is also possible to keep the cycle of capturing image data in the transfer unit 9b constant and correct the obtained two-dimensional image information according to the vehicle speed.

[0043]

As described above, in the present invention,
Taking in one-dimensional image information of the sliding plate taken by the one-dimensional image sensor in synchronization with the output of the vehicle speed detecting means,
Since the amount of wear of the contact plate and the deformation of the boat for each vehicle or formation are calculated, the amount of wear of the contact plate and the deformation of the boat can be accurately measured in a non-contact manner without requiring human labor. Therefore, it is possible to perform the work safely and reliably, and it is possible to manage the wear amount of the sliding plate for each vehicle or each train.

Further, since the one-dimensional image sensor is used as the sensor, the image sensor can be downsized. Further, the cost for obtaining the one having the same degree of accuracy can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional one.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement of CCD line sensors on the vehicle of this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a CCD line sensor, an illumination and a scraping plate of this embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle position / speed sensor in the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a system configuration in this embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an image reading control unit in the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a conversion process of image information in the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric car 2 Overhead line 3,3 'Strut 4 Pantograph 41 Boat 42 Slip plate 5 Vehicle number identification tag 6 Transmitter / receiver 7 Position speed sensor 7a, 71a, 72a Infrared light emitter 7b, 71b, 72b Infrared detector 8 Illumination 9, 91, 92, 93, 94 CCD line sensor 9a Photosensitive part 9b Transfer part 10 Measurement system 11 Input / output device 21 Image reading control part 21a Image capturing part 21b Interface part 21c Control part 22 Vehicle number recognition part 23 CPU part 24 Main storage device 25 External storage device 26 Input / output device 27 Printer 211 AD converter 212 Sampling unit 213 Memory 214 Control unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Yutaka Kawamura 2-7-2 Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toyo Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (72) Masayuki Onodera 4-6-32 Higashi-Kashigaya, Ebina, Kanagawa Prefecture Toyo Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Sagami Plant (72) Inventor Fumio Yoshida 4-63, Higashi-Kashigaya, Ebina City, Kanagawa Prefecture Toyo Denki Co., Ltd. Sagami Plant (72) Inventor Shizuku Ishibashi 1-21 20

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a pantograph of an electric vehicle, a one-dimensional image sensor is provided at a position where a rail plate of a boat can be photographed from an oblique upper surface in a traveling direction and a rear direction, and vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a speed of the electric vehicle. , The identification means for identifying the number of the vehicle or the train set, and the one-dimensional image information of the sliding plate are taken in in synchronization with the output of the vehicle speed detection means, and the wear amount of the sliding plate of the pantograph is determined based on the output of the recognition means. A pantograph wear plate wear amount measuring system having a processing means required for each knitting. 2. In a pantograph of an electric vehicle, a one-dimensional image sensor is provided at a position where a sliding plate of a boat can be photographed from diagonally upper surfaces in a traveling direction and a rear direction, and vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a speed of the electric vehicle. , The vehicle speed detecting means for detecting the speed of the electric vehicle and the one-dimensional image information of the boat imaged by the one-dimensional image sensor in synchronization with the output of the vehicle speed detecting means, and the deformation amount of the pantograph boat body A system for measuring the amount of deformation of a hull of a pantograph, which is provided with a processing means for obtaining 3. The ship deformation amount measuring system for a pantograph according to claim 2, wherein a means for identifying a vehicle or formation number is provided, and the processing means obtains the deformation amount of the hull of the pantograph for each vehicle or formation.