JPH08326629A - Fluid injection device - Google Patents
Fluid injection deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08326629A JPH08326629A JP7170122A JP17012295A JPH08326629A JP H08326629 A JPH08326629 A JP H08326629A JP 7170122 A JP7170122 A JP 7170122A JP 17012295 A JP17012295 A JP 17012295A JP H08326629 A JPH08326629 A JP H08326629A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diameter portion
- needle valve
- passage
- injection hole
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/44—Valves, e.g. injectors, with valve bodies arranged side-by-side
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は流体噴射装置、特にディ
ーゼルエンジンの燃料噴射装置に採用されて好適な流体
噴射装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid injection device, and more particularly to a fluid injection device suitable for use in a fuel injection device of a diesel engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジン用の燃料
噴射装置において、エンジンの低速運転時に作動する小
さい総噴孔断面積を有する第１噴孔と、エンジンの高速
運転時に作動する相対的に大きい総噴孔断面積を有する
第２噴孔とを具えたノズルボディ内に、上記第１噴孔の
開閉を制御する第１針弁と、上記第２噴孔の開閉を制御
する第２針弁とを実質的に平行に収容した装置が、ドイ
ツ特許公開公報ＤＥ４１１５４７８Ａ１号（公開日；１
９９１年１１月２１日）に既に開示されている。2. Description of the Related Art In a fuel injection device for a direct injection type diesel engine, a first injection hole having a small total injection hole cross-sectional area that operates when the engine operates at a low speed and a relatively large injection hole that operates when the engine operates at a high speed. A first needle valve for controlling opening / closing of the first nozzle hole and a second needle valve for controlling opening / closing of the second nozzle hole in a nozzle body having a second nozzle hole having a nozzle hole cross-sectional area. A device accommodating substantially parallel to each other is German Patent Publication DE 4115478A1 (publishing date: 1
(November 21, 991).
【０００３】上記ドイツ特許公開公報（以下場合によ
り、既提案公報という）に開示されている燃料噴射装置
は、エンジンの低速運転時には、小さい総噴孔断面積を
有する第１噴孔から燃料を噴射し、またエンジンの高速
運転時は、大きい総噴孔断面積を有する第２噴孔から燃
料を噴射するので、エンジンの略全運転領域において好
ましい燃焼が得られ、排出ガスのスモーク性能の向上及
び燃費の改善等、エンジン性能の向上を達成し得る利点
がある。The fuel injection device disclosed in the above-mentioned German Patent Laid-Open Publication (hereinafter, referred to as "proposed publication" in some cases) injects fuel from a first injection hole having a small total injection hole cross-sectional area during low speed operation of the engine. In addition, during high-speed operation of the engine, the fuel is injected from the second injection hole having a large total injection hole cross-sectional area, so preferable combustion is obtained in almost the entire operation region of the engine, and the smoke performance of exhaust gas is improved There is an advantage that an improvement in engine performance such as an improvement in fuel consumption can be achieved.
【０００４】しかしながら、この種の燃料噴射装置で
は、エンジンの運転状態に応じて第１噴孔又は第２噴孔
の何れかが作動し、他方の噴孔及びその開閉を制御する
針弁は休止しているため、燃焼ガスに接するノズルボデ
ィ先端部分からの伝熱により、休止している側の針弁が
焼付いて作動不能となる恐れがある。However, in this type of fuel injection device, either the first injection hole or the second injection hole operates depending on the operating state of the engine, and the other injection hole and the needle valve that controls the opening and closing thereof are inactive. Therefore, heat transfer from the tip portion of the nozzle body in contact with the combustion gas may cause the needle valve on the rest side to seize and become inoperable.
【０００５】上記休止している噴孔及び同噴孔の開閉を
制御する針弁の焼付きを防止するため、上記既提案公報
の第１図に示されている装置では、第１及び第２針弁と
一体にピストンを設けると共に、ノズルボディ内に各針
弁のピストン上側部に油圧シリンダ室を夫々形成し、さ
らに第１及び第２針弁の外周に形成された燃料通路部分
を相互に連通する接続通路を設けて、燃料が休止してい
る噴孔側の燃料通路部分を通り上記接続通路から作動し
ている側の針弁の燃料通路部分に供給され、作動してい
る側の噴孔からエンジンのシリンダ内に噴射されるよう
に構成され、また、このとき休止している側の針弁と一
体のピストン上側の油圧シリンダ室にも燃料が供給さ
れ、同針弁を燃料圧力により閉方向に加圧するように構
成されている。In order to prevent the seizure of the dormant injection hole and the needle valve for controlling the opening and closing of the injection hole, the device shown in FIG. A piston is provided integrally with the needle valve, a hydraulic cylinder chamber is formed in the nozzle body above the piston of each needle valve, and the fuel passage portions formed on the outer periphery of the first and second needle valves are mutually connected. A communication passage is provided so that the fuel passes through the fuel passage portion on the injection hole side where the fuel is at rest and is supplied from the connection passage to the fuel passage portion of the needle valve on the operating side, and the injection on the operating side is performed. Fuel is also supplied to the hydraulic cylinder chamber above the piston that is integrated with the needle valve on the idle side at this time by the fuel pressure. It is configured to apply pressure in the closing direction.
【０００６】この構成によれば、燃料が、休止している
側の針弁の周辺を流れたのち、接続通路を経て作動して
いる側の針弁の燃料通路に供給されるので、休止してい
る針弁及びその周辺のノズルボディ部分の冷却が行なわ
れ焼付きは防止されるが、休止している側の針弁と一体
のピストン上側の油圧シリンダ室及び上記接続通路を含
む燃料供給通路全体の容積が著しく大きく、噴射系の無
駄容積が大きいため、噴射圧力の上昇の鈍化や噴射終了
時の切れが悪くなり後もれを起し易く、噴射特性が悪化
する不具合がある。According to this structure, the fuel flows around the resting needle valve, and then is supplied to the fuel passage of the operating needle valve through the connection passage. The needle valve and the surrounding nozzle body are cooled to prevent seizure, but the needle valve on the idle side is integrated with the hydraulic cylinder chamber above the piston and the fuel supply passage including the connection passage. Since the entire volume is extremely large and the dead volume of the injection system is large, there is a problem that the increase of the injection pressure slows down, the disconnection at the end of injection becomes poor, and leakage easily occurs, and the injection characteristics deteriorate.
【０００７】また、上記既提案公報の第２図に示されて
いる装置では、ノズルボディの内部に、第１針弁及び第
２針弁に高圧の燃料を供給する常用の燃料供給通路とは
別個に、一端を冷却用燃料供給用の独立したポンプの吐
出側に接続されると共に、上記第１及び第２針弁を常時
に閉方向に付勢する第１及び第２のプレッシャスプリン
グを収容した大容積のスプリング室に他端を接続された
１個の上流側冷却通路と、一端を上記スプリング室に夫
々接続されると共に、他端を上記第１針弁及び第２針弁
の外周に形成された燃料通路部分に夫々接続された２個
の下流側冷却通路とが設けられている。Further, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 of the above-mentioned proposed publication, a normal fuel supply passage for supplying high-pressure fuel to the first needle valve and the second needle valve is provided inside the nozzle body. Separately, the one end is connected to the discharge side of an independent pump for supplying the cooling fuel, and the first and second pressure springs that normally bias the first and second needle valves in the closing direction are housed. One upstream cooling passage having the other end connected to the large-capacity spring chamber, one end connected to the spring chamber, and the other end connected to the outer periphery of the first needle valve and the second needle valve. Two downstream cooling passages each connected to the formed fuel passage portion are provided.
【０００８】この構成によれば、休止している側の針弁
の燃料供給通路を、電磁作動のスプール弁を介して燃料
リーク通路に接続することにより、上記専用のポンプか
ら吐出された冷却用燃料が、上記上流側冷却通路からス
プリング室及び休止している針弁側の下流側冷却通路を
通り、針弁外周の燃料供給通路を経て上記燃料リーク通
路に流れるので、休止している針弁及びその周辺の冷却
が行なわれ焼付きは防止されるが、燃料噴射ポンプとは
別個に、専用の冷却燃料送給用ポンプを設ける必要があ
り、また同ポンプの冷却用燃料をエンジンの各気筒の燃
料噴射装置に供給する多数の配管を追加設置する必要が
あるので、製造コストが著しく高くなる欠点がある。According to this structure, the fuel supply passage of the resting needle valve is connected to the fuel leak passage through the electromagnetically actuated spool valve, so that the cooling pump discharged from the dedicated pump is cooled. The fuel flows from the upstream side cooling passage through the spring chamber and the idle side downstream cooling passage on the side of the needle valve to the fuel leak passage via the fuel supply passage on the outer periphery of the needle valve. However, seizure is prevented by cooling the surrounding area and its surroundings, but it is necessary to provide a dedicated cooling fuel feed pump separately from the fuel injection pump, and the cooling fuel of the pump is used for each cylinder of the engine. Since it is necessary to additionally install a large number of pipes for supplying to the fuel injection device of No. 3, there is a drawback that the manufacturing cost becomes extremely high.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記既提案
公報に開示されている燃料噴射装置と同種の流体噴射装
置における上述した不具合或いは欠点を改善するために
創案されたもので、流体例えば燃料の噴射圧力の上昇及
び噴射終りの切れ等の噴射特性が良く、休止している側
の針弁及びその周辺部分の焼付きを防止するために、専
用の冷却用流体送給用ポンプを必要とせず、従って構造
簡単で安価な構成を提供することを、主たる目的とする
ものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems or drawbacks in a fluid injection device of the same type as the fuel injection device disclosed in the above-mentioned prior publications. Good injection characteristics such as increase in fuel injection pressure and disconnection at the end of injection, and a dedicated cooling fluid feed pump is required to prevent seizure of the needle valve on the idle side and its surroundings. Therefore, the main purpose is to provide a structure which is simple in structure and inexpensive.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、一端部に夫々流体を噴射する第１噴孔及
び第２噴孔を具えたハウジング、同ハウジング内に軸線
方向に摺動自在に嵌挿された第１大径部と同第１大径部
に対し同軸的にかつ一体的に形成され上記第１噴孔側に
延びた第１小径部とを有する第１針弁、上記ハウジング
内に形成された第１スプリング室内に収容され上記第１
針弁を第１噴孔側に付勢して同第１噴孔を閉塞する第１
プレッシャスプリング、上記第１大径部と第１小径部と
を接続する第１段差部に臨んで上記ハウジング内に形成
され、第１給排通路から供給された高圧流体が同第１段
差部に作用することにより上記第１プレッシャスプリン
グの付勢力に抗して上記第１針弁をリフトさせ上記第１
噴孔を開口させる第１圧力室、ハウジング内に上記第１
針弁に対し略平行に配設され、軸線方向に摺動自在に嵌
挿された第２大径部と同第２大径部に対し同軸的にかつ
一体的に形成され上記第２噴孔側に延びた第２小径部と
を有する第２針弁、上記ハウジング内に上記第１スプリ
ング室とは独立に形成された第２スプリング室内に収容
され上記第２針弁を第２噴孔側に付勢して同第２噴孔を
閉塞する第２プレッシャスプリング、上記第２大径部と
第２小径部とを接続する第２段差部に臨んで上記第１圧
力室とは独立にハウジング内に形成され、第２給排通路
から供給された高圧流体が同第２段差部に作用すること
により上記第２プレッシャスプリングの付勢力に抗して
上記第２針弁をリフトさせ上記第２噴孔を開口させる第
２圧力室、上記第１給排通路及び第２給排通路の一方を
高圧流体源に選択的に連通させると共に他方の給排通路
を低圧流体源に連通させる切換弁、上記第１圧力室に供
給される高圧流体の一部を上記第２圧力室側に供給する
第１連通路、及び上記第２圧力室に供給される高圧流体
の一部を上記第１圧力室側に供給する上記第１連通路と
は別個の第２連通路を具備したことを特徴とする流体噴
射装置を提案するものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a housing having a first injection hole and a second injection hole for injecting a fluid at one end, and an axial sliding direction in the housing. A first needle valve having a first large-diameter portion movably inserted and a first small-diameter portion coaxially and integrally formed with the first large-diameter portion and extending toward the first injection hole side. And a first spring chamber formed in the housing, the first spring chamber being housed in the first spring chamber.
A first valve for urging the needle valve toward the first injection hole to close the first injection hole
The pressure spring is formed in the housing so as to face the first stepped portion connecting the first large diameter portion and the first small diameter portion, and the high pressure fluid supplied from the first supply / discharge passage is supplied to the first stepped portion. By acting, the first needle valve is lifted against the biasing force of the first pressure spring and the first needle valve is lifted.
The first pressure chamber for opening the injection hole, the first pressure chamber in the housing
A second large diameter portion that is disposed substantially parallel to the needle valve and is slidably fitted in the axial direction, and is coaxially and integrally formed with the second large diameter portion. A second needle valve having a second small diameter portion extending to the side, a second spring chamber that is formed in the housing independently of the first spring chamber, and the second needle valve is connected to the second injection hole side. A second pressure spring for urging the second injection hole to close the second injection hole, a second step portion connecting the second large diameter portion and the second small diameter portion, and a housing independent of the first pressure chamber. The high-pressure fluid formed in the second supply / discharge passage acts on the second step portion to lift the second needle valve against the biasing force of the second pressure spring. One of the second pressure chamber for opening the injection hole, the first supply / discharge passage and the second supply / discharge passage is selected as the high-pressure fluid source. And a switching valve for communicating the other supply / discharge passage with a low pressure fluid source, a first communication passage for supplying a part of the high pressure fluid supplied to the first pressure chamber to the second pressure chamber side, and the above A fluid ejecting apparatus is provided, which comprises a second communication passage separate from the first communication passage for supplying a part of the high-pressure fluid supplied to the second pressure chamber to the first pressure chamber side. It is a thing.
【００１１】本発明において、上記第１連通路は、上記
第２噴孔近傍の上記第２小径部周面に臨み開口され、上
記第２連通路は、上記第１噴孔近傍の上記第１小径部周
面に臨み開口されることが好ましく、また、上記第１連
通路は、上記第１圧力室から第１スプリング室を通り上
記第２小径部周面に臨む開口に連通され、上記第２連通
路は、上記第２圧力室から第２スプリング室を通り上記
第１小径部周面に臨む開口に連通されることが好まし
い。さらに、上記第１連通路は、上記ハウジングの上記
第１大径部を収容する第１ガイド孔と同第１大径部との
間の摺動間隙を介して上記第１スプリング室に連通さ
れ、上記第２連通路は、上記ハウジングの上記第２大径
部を収容する第２ガイド孔と同第２大径部との間の摺動
間隙を介して上記第２スプリング室に連通されることが
望ましい。In the present invention, the first communication passage is open to the peripheral surface of the second small diameter portion in the vicinity of the second injection hole, and the second communication passage is the first communication passage in the vicinity of the first injection hole. It is preferable that the first communication passage is open to the peripheral surface of the small diameter portion, and the first communication passage is communicated with the opening facing the peripheral surface of the second small diameter portion from the first pressure chamber through the first spring chamber. It is preferable that the two communication passages communicate with the opening that passes through the second pressure chamber and the second spring chamber and faces the peripheral surface of the first small diameter portion. Further, the first communication passage is communicated with the first spring chamber through a sliding gap between a first guide hole that accommodates the first large diameter portion of the housing and the first large diameter portion. The second communication passage communicates with the second spring chamber through a sliding gap between a second guide hole that accommodates the second large diameter portion of the housing and the second large diameter portion. Is desirable.
【００１２】また本発明においては、上記第１連通路
が、その一端を上記第１スプリング室又は第１ガイド孔
の内周面に連通され他端を上記第２小径部周面に臨む開
口に連通された第１連通孔を含み、上記第２連通路が、
その一端を上記第２スプリング室又は第２ガイド孔の内
周面に連通され他端を上記第１小径部周面に臨む開口に
連通された第２連通孔を含むことが好ましい。さらに、
上記第１連通路が、その途中に介装され上記第１圧力室
から第２圧力室への流れのみを許容する第１の一方向弁
又は流量を制限するオリフィスを有すると共に、上記第
２連通路が、その途中に介装され上記第２圧力室から第
１圧力室への流れのみを許容する第２の一方向弁又は流
量を制限するオリフィスを有することが望ましい。Further, in the present invention, the first communication passage has one end communicating with the inner peripheral surface of the first spring chamber or the first guide hole and the other end being an opening facing the peripheral surface of the second small diameter portion. The second communication passage includes a first communication hole communicated with the second communication passage,
It is preferable to include a second communication hole, one end of which communicates with the inner peripheral surface of the second spring chamber or the second guide hole and the other end of which communicates with the opening facing the peripheral surface of the first small diameter portion. further,
The first communication passage has a first one-way valve that allows only a flow from the first pressure chamber to the second pressure chamber or an orifice that restricts the flow rate, and is provided in the middle of the first communication passage. It is preferable that the passage has a second one-way valve or an orifice for limiting the flow rate, which is provided in the middle of the passage and allows only the flow from the second pressure chamber to the first pressure chamber.
【００１３】なおまた、本発明においては、上記第１及
び第２噴孔が夫々複数個設けられ、第１噴孔の総噴孔面
積よりも第２噴孔の総噴孔面積が大きく形成され、さら
に、上記第１噴孔及び第２噴孔から噴射される流体がエ
ンジン用の燃料であり、かつ上記切換弁がアクチュエー
タにより駆動され、さらに同アクチュエータが、エンジ
ンの運転状態を検出する運転状態検出装置の出力を受け
てアクチュエータ駆動信号を生起する制御装置によって
作動されることが好ましい。また、上記運転状態検出装
置は、エンジンの回転数を検出する回転数センサを含
み、上記制御装置は、上記回転数センサにより検知され
たエンジン回転数が設定回転数未満のとき、上記第１給
排通路を高圧燃料源に連通させると共に、上記第２給排
通路を低圧燃料源に連通させ、かつ上記回転数センサに
より検知されたエンジン回転数が設定回転数以上のと
き、上記第１給排通路を低圧燃料源に連通させると共
に、上記第２給排通路を高圧燃料源に連通させるよう
に、上記アクチュエータを制御することが好ましい。Further, in the present invention, a plurality of the first and second injection holes are respectively provided, and the total injection hole area of the second injection holes is larger than the total injection hole area of the first injection holes. Further, an operating state in which the fluid injected from the first injection hole and the second injection hole is fuel for an engine, the switching valve is driven by an actuator, and the actuator detects an operating state of the engine. It is preferably actuated by a controller which receives the output of the detector and produces an actuator drive signal. Further, the operating state detection device includes a rotation speed sensor that detects the rotation speed of the engine, and the control device controls the first feed rate when the engine rotation speed detected by the rotation speed sensor is less than a set rotation speed. When the exhaust passage is in communication with the high-pressure fuel source, the second supply / exhaust passage is in communication with the low-pressure fuel source, and the engine speed detected by the rotation speed sensor is equal to or higher than the set speed, the first supply / discharge is performed. It is preferable that the actuator is controlled so that the passage communicates with the low pressure fuel source and the second supply / discharge passage communicates with the high pressure fuel source.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】本発明によれば、第１及び第２噴孔のうち何れ
か一方の休止している噴孔側の針弁を冷却する流体が、
作動している側の針弁の大径部とガイド孔との間の摺動
間隙からリークして同針弁のスプリング室を通り、さら
に連通孔を経て休止している針弁の小径部周面に供給さ
れるので、別個に専用の冷却流体給送用ポンプを必要と
せず、また作動している針弁側の高圧流体系の無駄容積
が増大することがないので、噴射特性の悪化を招くこと
がない。According to the present invention, the fluid for cooling the needle valve on the side of the injecting hole in either one of the first and second nozzle holes is
The circumference of the small-diameter portion of the needle valve that leaks from the sliding gap between the large-diameter portion of the needle valve on the operating side and the guide hole, passes through the spring chamber of the needle valve, and then stops through the communication hole. Since it is supplied to the surface, there is no need for a separate dedicated pump for cooling fluid supply, and there is no increase in the dead volume of the high-pressure fluid system on the side of the needle valve that is operating. Never invite.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下本発明を直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジン
の燃料噴射装置に適用した一実施例を添付図面について
具体的に説明する。図中符号１０は、ノズルボディ１２
と、ディスタンスピース１４と、ノズルホルダ１６と、
上記ノズルボディ１２及びノズルホルダ１６をディスタ
ンスピース１４を中間に挟んで一体的に緊締するリテー
ニングナット１８とからなるハウジングを総括的に示
す。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a fuel injection device for a direct injection type diesel engine will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference numeral 10 in the drawing denotes a nozzle body 12.
, The distance piece 14, the nozzle holder 16,
A housing composed of a nozzle body 12 and a retaining nut 18 for integrally tightening the nozzle holder 16 with a distance piece 14 in between is shown in a general manner.
【００１６】上記ノズルボディ１２には、図示しないエ
ンジンの各気筒の燃焼室に燃料を噴射する低速用の第１
噴孔２０と、高速用の第２噴孔２２とを具えている。上
記第１噴孔２０及び第２噴孔２２は、夫々複数個（２個
以上通常は４ないし７個）設けられ、第１噴孔２０の総
噴孔断面積は、第２噴孔２２の総噴孔断面積より小さく
形成されている。また、ノズルボディ１２内に、上記第
１噴孔２０の開閉を制御する第１針弁２４と第２噴孔２
２の開閉を制御する第２針弁２６とが、夫々軸線方向に
摺動自在に嵌挿され、これら両針弁の軸線は、図示のよ
うに実質的に平行に設けられている。The nozzle body 12 has a first low speed for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of each cylinder of an engine (not shown).
The nozzle hole 20 and the second nozzle hole 22 for high speed are provided. The first injection hole 20 and the second injection hole 22 are respectively provided in plurality (two or more, usually 4 to 7), and the total injection hole cross-sectional area of the first injection hole 20 is equal to that of the second injection hole 22. It is formed smaller than the total injection hole cross-sectional area. In the nozzle body 12, the first needle valve 24 and the second nozzle hole 2 that control the opening and closing of the first nozzle hole 20.
The second needle valve 26 for controlling the opening and closing of the second needle valve is slidably inserted in the axial direction, and the axes of the two needle valves are provided substantially in parallel as shown in the drawing.
【００１７】上記第１針弁２４は、ノズルボディ１２に
穿設された第１ガイド孔２８内に摺動間隙を存して嵌挿
された第１大径部２４ａと、同第１大径部２４ａに第１
段差部又は肩部２４ｂを介して一体的にかつ同軸的に接
続された第１小径部２４ｃとを具え、同小径部２４ｃの
第１噴孔２０に隣接する端部に、円錐面からなる弁シー
ト部２４ｄが形成されている。上記第１小径部２４ｃの
外周に、十分な半径方向の間隙を存した環状空間からな
る第１燃料通路３０が形成され、同燃料通路３０は、上
記第１段差部２４ｂを囲んで設けられた大径の第１圧力
室又は燃料溜３２に常時連通している。The first needle valve 24 has a first large diameter portion 24a fitted in a first guide hole 28 formed in the nozzle body 12 with a sliding gap, and a first large diameter portion 24a. First in part 24a
And a first small diameter portion 24c integrally and coaxially connected via a step portion or a shoulder portion 24b, and a valve having a conical surface at an end portion of the small diameter portion 24c adjacent to the first injection hole 20. A seat portion 24d is formed. A first fuel passage 30 formed of an annular space having a sufficient radial gap is formed on the outer periphery of the first small diameter portion 24c, and the fuel passage 30 is provided so as to surround the first step portion 24b. It is always in communication with the large-diameter first pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 32.
【００１８】同様に、第２針弁２６は、ノズルボディ１
２に穿設された第２ガイド孔３４内に摺動間隙を存して
嵌挿された第２大径部２６ａと、同第２大径部２６ａに
第２段差部又は肩部２６ｂを介して一体的にかつ同軸的
に接続された第２小径部２６ｃとを具え、同第２小径部
２６ｃの第２噴孔２２に隣接する端部に円錐面からなる
弁シート部２６ｄが形成されている。上記第２小径部２
６ｃの外周に、十分な半径方向の間隙を存した環状空間
からなる第２燃料通路３６が形成され、同燃料通路３６
は、上記第２段差部２６ｂを囲んで設けられた大径の第
２圧力室又は燃料溜３８に常時連通している。Similarly, the second needle valve 26 is used for the nozzle body 1
The second large diameter portion 26a inserted with a sliding gap in the second guide hole 34 formed in the second guide hole 34, and the second stepped portion or the shoulder portion 26b in the second large diameter portion 26a. A second small diameter portion 26c integrally and coaxially connected to each other, and a valve seat portion 26d having a conical surface is formed at an end portion of the second small diameter portion 26c adjacent to the second injection hole 22. There is. The second small diameter portion 2
A second fuel passage 36 formed of an annular space having a sufficient radial gap is formed on the outer periphery of 6c.
Are always in communication with a large-diameter second pressure chamber or fuel reservoir 38 provided surrounding the second step 26b.
【００１９】上記ノズルホルダ１６は、下方ホルダ１６
ａと上方ホルダ１６ｂとに分割され、これら下方及び上
方ホルダ１６ａ及び１６ｂは、リテーニングナット４０
によって一体的に結合されている。上記下方ホルダ１６
ａの内部に、上記第１及び第２針弁２４及び２６に対し
て夫々同軸的に、かつ互に独立した円筒状の第１スプリ
ング室４２及び第２スプリング室４４が設けられ、同ス
プリング室内に夫々スプリングリテーナを介して第１針
弁２４及び第２針弁２６を常時閉方向に付勢する第１及
び第２のプレッシャスプリング４６及び４８が収容され
ている。The nozzle holder 16 is a lower holder 16
a and an upper holder 16b, and these lower and upper holders 16a and 16b are provided with a retaining nut 40a.
Are united together by. The lower holder 16
A cylindrical first spring chamber 42 and a second spring chamber 44, which are coaxial with the first and second needle valves 24 and 26 and independent of each other, are provided inside a. First and second pressure springs 46 and 48 for urging the first needle valve 24 and the second needle valve 26 in the normally closing direction are accommodated in the respective spring retainers.
【００２０】また、上記上方ホルダ１６ｂ内には、２つ
のランド５０ａ及び５０ｂを具えたスプール弁からなる
切換弁５０を収容した弁シリンダ５２と、一端が同弁シ
リンダ５２に連通し、他端が上記下方ホルダ１６ａ及び
ディスタンスピース１４並びにノズルホルダ１２内に設
けられた通路を介して上記第１圧力室又は燃料溜３２に
連通する第１給排通路５４と、一端が上記弁シリンダ５
２に連通し、他端が上記下方ホルダ１６ａ及びディスタ
ンスピース１４並びにノズルホルダ１２内に設けられた
通路を介して上記第２圧力室又は燃料溜３８に連通する
第２給排通路５６と、一端を図示しない高圧流体源又は
燃料噴射ポンプに接続され他端を上記弁シリンダ５２に
連通された供給通路５８と、一端を上記弁シリンダ５２
に接続され他端を図示しない低圧流体源又は燃料タンク
に連通されたリーク通路６０とを具えている。Further, in the upper holder 16b, a valve cylinder 52 accommodating a switching valve 50 composed of a spool valve having two lands 50a and 50b, one end communicating with the valve cylinder 52, and the other end A first supply / discharge passage 54 communicating with the first pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 32 via a passage provided in the lower holder 16a, the distance piece 14 and the nozzle holder 12, and one end of the valve cylinder 5
A second supply / discharge passage 56, which communicates with the second pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 38, and the other end of which communicates with the second pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 38 through a passage provided in the lower holder 16a, the distance piece 14 and the nozzle holder 12. Is connected to a high-pressure fluid source or a fuel injection pump (not shown), the other end of which is connected to the valve cylinder 52 and a supply passage 58, and one end of which is connected to the valve cylinder 52.
And a leak passage 60, the other end of which is connected to a low pressure fluid source or a fuel tank (not shown).
【００２１】上記スプール弁又は切換弁５０は、その弁
軸又はアーマチヤ５０ｃと協働するソレノイド６２及び
リターンスプリング６４を含むアクチュエータによっ
て、その位置を制御され、上記ソレノイド６２はコント
ロールユニット又は制御装置６６によって付勢され又は
消勢される。制御装置６６は、エンジンの回転数を検知
する回転数センサ６８の出力信号を受容して上記ソレノ
イド６２に駆動信号を提供する。なお、制御装置６６
は、負荷センサ７０、エンジンの冷却水位を検知する湿
度センサ（図示せず）その他エンジンの運転状態を示す
信号を補助信号として受け、上記ソレノイド６２に提供
する駆動信号に、必要な補正又は修正を行なうことがで
きる。The position of the spool valve or the switching valve 50 is controlled by an actuator including a solenoid 62 and a return spring 64 which cooperate with the valve shaft or the armature 50c, and the solenoid 62 is controlled by a control unit or a control device 66. Activated or deactivated. The controller 66 receives an output signal of a rotation speed sensor 68 for detecting the rotation speed of the engine and provides a drive signal to the solenoid 62. The control device 66
Receives a load sensor 70, a humidity sensor (not shown) for detecting the cooling water level of the engine, and other signals indicating the operating state of the engine as an auxiliary signal, and makes a necessary correction or correction to the drive signal provided to the solenoid 62. Can be done.
【００２２】図５ないし図１０の各部拡大断面図に良く
示されているように、ディスタンスピース１４からノズ
ルボディ１２にわたって、一端が第１スプリング室４２
の底面に開口すると共に、他端が第２針弁２６の第２小
径部２６ｃの外周の燃料通路３６における弁シート部２
６ｄに隣接する部分に開口する第１連通孔７２が斜めに
穿設されている。また、同様に、一端が第２スプリング
室４４の底面に開口すると共に、他端が第１針弁２４の
第１小径部２４ｃの外周の燃料通路３０における弁シー
ト部２４ｄに隣接する部分に開口する第２連通孔７４が
斜めに穿設されている。図１に点線で示されているよう
に、上記第１連通孔７２と第２連通孔７４とは、側面視
においてＸ字状に交差して配設されている。As best shown in the enlarged cross-sectional views of each portion of FIGS. 5 to 10, one end of the first spring chamber 42 extends from the distance piece 14 to the nozzle body 12.
Of the valve seat portion 2 in the fuel passage 36 on the outer periphery of the second small diameter portion 26c of the second needle valve 26 while opening at the bottom surface of the valve seat portion 2
A first communication hole 72 that opens in a portion adjacent to 6d is formed obliquely. Similarly, one end opens to the bottom surface of the second spring chamber 44, and the other end opens to the portion of the outer periphery of the first small diameter portion 24c of the first needle valve 24 adjacent to the valve seat portion 24d in the fuel passage 30. The second communication hole 74 is formed obliquely. As shown by the dotted line in FIG. 1, the first communication hole 72 and the second communication hole 74 are arranged so as to intersect each other in an X shape in a side view.
【００２３】上記第１連通孔７２は、上記第１圧力室又
は燃料溜３２から第１ガイド孔２８の摺動間隙を通って
第１スプリング室４６に至り、さらに同第１連通孔７２
から第２小径部２６ｃ外周の燃料通路３６を経て第２圧
力室又は燃料溜３８に連通する第１連通路の要部を形成
し、同様に、第２連通孔７４は、上記第２圧力室又は燃
料溜３８から第２ガイド孔３４の摺動間隙を通って第２
スプリング室４８に至り、さらに同第２連通孔７４から
第１小径部２４ｃ外周の燃料通路３０を経て第１圧力室
又は燃料溜３２に連通する第２連通路の要部を形成す
る。The first communication hole 72 extends from the first pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 32 to the first spring chamber 46 through the sliding gap of the first guide hole 28, and further to the first communication hole 72.
To a second pressure chamber or a main portion of a first communication passage communicating with the fuel reservoir 38 through the fuel passage 36 on the outer periphery of the second small diameter portion 26c. Similarly, the second communication hole 74 is formed in the second pressure chamber. Or, from the fuel reservoir 38 through the sliding gap of the second guide hole 34 to the second
It forms a main part of a second communication passage which reaches the spring chamber 48 and further communicates with the first pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 32 from the second communication hole 74 through the fuel passage 30 on the outer periphery of the first small diameter portion 24c.
【００２４】上記第１連通路の適所、図示の実施例の場
合は、図６に良く示されているように、第１連通孔７２
のノズルボディ１２とディスタンスピース１４との接続
部分に、第１の一方向弁７６が配設され、同様に、第２
連通路には、第２連通孔７４のノズルボディ１２とディ
スタンスピース１４との接続部分に、第２の一方向弁７
８が配設されている。図１１に、第２の一方向弁７８の
構造の一例が示されており、第２圧力室又は燃料溜３８
内の燃料の一部がリークして第２ガイド孔３４の摺動間
隙から第２スプリング室４８に入ったのち、図中に矢印
で示したように第２連通孔７４から第１小径部２４ｃ外
周の燃料通路３０に向う流れは許容するが、反対方向の
流れは許容しないように、弱いばね８０により閉方向に
付勢されている小型の弁体８２を具えている。図示はさ
れていないが、上記第１の一方向弁７６も同様の構造を
具え、第１圧力室又は燃料溜３２から第１連通孔７２を
通って第２小径部２６ｃ外周の燃料通路３６に向う流
れ、即ち第２圧力室３８側に向う流れは許容するが、反
対方向の流れは許容しないように構成されている。In the proper place of the first communication passage, in the case of the illustrated embodiment, the first communication hole 72 is shown as well shown in FIG.
A first one-way valve 76 is provided at a connecting portion between the nozzle body 12 and the distance piece 14 of
In the communication passage, the second one-way valve 7 is provided in the connection portion of the second communication hole 74 between the nozzle body 12 and the distance piece 14.
8 are provided. FIG. 11 shows an example of the structure of the second one-way valve 78, which includes the second pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 38.
A part of the fuel inside leaks into the second spring chamber 48 through the sliding gap of the second guide hole 34, and then, as shown by the arrow in the figure, from the second communication hole 74 to the first small diameter portion 24c. A small valve body 82 is biased in the closing direction by a weak spring 80 so as to allow the flow toward the outer peripheral fuel passage 30 but not the flow in the opposite direction. Although not shown, the first one-way valve 76 also has a similar structure, and passes from the first pressure chamber or fuel reservoir 32 through the first communication hole 72 to the fuel passage 36 on the outer periphery of the second small diameter portion 26c. The flow in the opposite direction, that is, the flow toward the second pressure chamber 38 side is permitted, but the flow in the opposite direction is not permitted.
【００２５】上記構成において、図１は、エンジンの回
転数が設定回転数以上の高回転状態を示しており、この
とき回転数センサ６８の信号出力を受けたコントロール
ユニット又は制御装置６６は、ソレノイド６２を消勢し
ている。ソレノイド６２の消勢により、切換弁５０はリ
ターンスプリング６４によって図示の右動位置に保持さ
れ、供給通路５８が第２給排通路５６に連通すると共
に、第１給排通路５４はリーク通路６０に連通してい
る。In the above structure, FIG. 1 shows a high rotation state in which the number of revolutions of the engine is equal to or higher than the set number of revolutions. At this time, the control unit or control device 66 which receives the signal output of the revolution number sensor 68 is a solenoid. 62 is deactivated. Due to the deenergization of the solenoid 62, the switching valve 50 is held in the illustrated right-hand position by the return spring 64, the supply passage 58 communicates with the second supply / discharge passage 56, and the first supply / discharge passage 54 becomes the leak passage 60. It is in communication.
【００２６】従って、燃料噴射ポンプ即ち高圧流体源か
ら供給通路５８に高圧燃料が供給されると、切換弁５０
を通り第２給排通路５６を経て第２圧力室又は燃料溜３
８に燃料が供給され、第２針弁２６の第２段差部２６ｂ
に作用する燃料圧力によって第２プレッシャスプリング
４８が克服され、同第２針弁２６が開き、総噴孔面積が
大きい第２噴孔２２からエンジンの燃焼室内に、燃料が
噴射される。図１から容易に理解されるように、作動し
ている第２針弁２６の各部は、通常の単一針弁を有する
燃料噴射装置と実質的に同等であり、噴射系に格別の無
駄容積が存在しないので、燃料噴射時の燃料圧力の上昇
に遅れがなく、また噴射終了時の切れも良いので、後も
れの不具合がなく、従って、第２噴孔２２から噴射され
た燃料は、良好な噴霧を形成して効果的な燃焼が行なわ
れ、出力、燃費及びスモーク等に関し優れたエンジン性
能が得られる。一方、第１給排通路５４はリーク通路６
０に連通しているので、第１針弁２４は休止しており、
第１噴孔２０から、燃料の噴射は行なわれない。Therefore, when high-pressure fuel is supplied to the supply passage 58 from the fuel injection pump, that is, the high-pressure fluid source, the switching valve 50
Through the second supply / discharge passage 56 and the second pressure chamber or fuel reservoir 3
8 is supplied with fuel, and the second step portion 26b of the second needle valve 26 is
The second pressure spring 48 is overcome by the fuel pressure acting on the second needle valve 26, and the second needle valve 26 is opened, so that the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the engine from the second injection hole 22 having a large total injection hole area. As can be easily understood from FIG. 1, each part of the second needle valve 26 in operation is substantially equivalent to a fuel injection device having a normal single needle valve, and an extra dead volume in the injection system. Is not present, there is no delay in the rise of the fuel pressure at the time of fuel injection, and the disconnection at the end of injection is good, so there is no problem of back leakage. Therefore, the fuel injected from the second injection hole 22 is A good spray is formed and effective combustion is performed, and excellent engine performance with respect to output, fuel consumption, smoke, etc. is obtained. On the other hand, the first supply / discharge passage 54 is connected to the leak passage 6
Since it is in communication with 0, the first needle valve 24 is at rest,
Fuel is not injected from the first injection hole 20.
【００２７】上記第２圧力室又は燃料溜３８に供給され
た高圧燃料の一部は、図１１に点線の矢印で示したよう
に、第２針弁の第２大径部２６ａと第２ガイド孔３４と
の間の摺動間隙からリークして第２スプリング室４４に
流れ、第２連通孔７４から第２一方向弁７８を通って第
１針弁２４の第１小径部２４ａ外周の燃料通路３０に流
れる。さらに、上記リーク燃料は、第１圧力室又は燃料
溜３２から第１給排通路５４を経てリーク通路６０を通
り燃料タンク即ち低圧流体源に流れる。従って、休止し
ている第１針弁２４及びその周辺のノズルボディ１２が
効果的に冷却されて、焼付き等による針弁の作動不能又
は不完全作動が確実に防止される。A part of the high-pressure fuel supplied to the second pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 38 is, as shown by a dotted arrow in FIG. 11, a second large diameter portion 26a of the second needle valve and a second guide. The fuel leaks from the sliding gap with the hole 34 and flows into the second spring chamber 44, passes through the second communication hole 74 and the second one-way valve 78, and the fuel on the outer periphery of the first small diameter portion 24a of the first needle valve 24. It flows into the passage 30. Further, the leak fuel flows from the first pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 32 through the first supply / discharge passage 54 and the leak passage 60 to the fuel tank, that is, the low-pressure fluid source. Therefore, the resting first needle valve 24 and the nozzle body 12 around it are effectively cooled, and the inoperable or incomplete operation of the needle valve due to seizure or the like is reliably prevented.
【００２８】次に、エンジンの回転数が設定回転数未満
の低回転時には、回転数センサ６８の信号出力を受けた
コントロールユニット又は制御装置６６が駆動信号を発
してソレノイド６２を付勢する。ソレノイド６２の付勢
によりリターンスプリング６４が圧縮されて切換弁５０
が図示位置より左動し、ランド５０ａにより第１給排通
路５４とリーク通路６０との連通が遮断されると共に、
同第１給排通路５４が供給通路５８に連通され、第１圧
力室又は燃料溜３２に高圧燃料が供給される。またラン
ド５０ｂにより第２給排通路５６と供給通路５８との連
通が遮断されると共に、同第２給排通路５６がリーク通
路６０に連通される。Next, when the engine speed is low below the set engine speed, the control unit or controller 66 which receives the signal output from the engine speed sensor 68 outputs a drive signal to energize the solenoid 62. The return spring 64 is compressed by the urging of the solenoid 62 and the switching valve 50
Moves to the left from the illustrated position, and the land 50a blocks the communication between the first supply / discharge passage 54 and the leak passage 60, and
The first supply / discharge passage 54 is connected to the supply passage 58, and high-pressure fuel is supplied to the first pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 32. The land 50b blocks the communication between the second supply / discharge passage 56 and the supply passage 58, and the second supply / discharge passage 56 communicates with the leak passage 60.
【００２９】従って、低回転用の第１針弁２４が作動
し、総噴孔面積が小さい第１噴孔２０からエンジンの燃
焼室内に燃料が噴射される。上記第２針弁２６の噴射系
と同様に、通常の単一針弁を有する燃料噴射装置と較べ
て格別の無駄容積がないので、燃料噴射時の燃料圧力の
上昇に遅れがなく、また噴射終了の切れも良いので、低
回転に応じた好ましい噴霧が形成され、燃費、スモーク
等に関しエンジン性能の向上が達成される。Therefore, the first needle valve 24 for low rotation operates, and the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the engine from the first injection hole 20 having a small total injection hole area. Similar to the injection system of the second needle valve 26, there is no extra dead volume as compared with a fuel injection device having a normal single needle valve, so there is no delay in the rise of fuel pressure during fuel injection, and injection is also performed. Since the end of the process is good, a preferable spray corresponding to the low rotation speed is formed, and the engine performance is improved in terms of fuel consumption, smoke and the like.
【００３０】上記第１圧力室又は燃料溜３２に供給され
た高圧燃料の一部は、第１針弁の第１大径部２４ａと第
１ガイド孔２８との間の摺動間隙からリークして第１ス
プリング室４２に流れ、第１連通孔７２から第１の一方
向弁７６を通って、休止している第２針弁２６の第２小
径部２６ａ外周の燃料通路３６に流れる。上記リーク燃
料は、さらに第２圧力室又は燃料溜３８から第２給排通
路５６を経てリーク通路６０を通り燃料タンクに戻され
る。従って、休止している第２針弁２６及びその周辺の
ノズルボディ１２が効果的に冷却されて、焼付き等によ
る針弁の作動不能又は不完全作動が確実に防止される。A part of the high pressure fuel supplied to the first pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 32 leaks from the sliding gap between the first large diameter portion 24a of the first needle valve and the first guide hole 28. Flow into the first spring chamber 42, through the first communication hole 72, through the first one-way valve 76, and into the fuel passage 36 on the outer periphery of the second small diameter portion 26a of the second needle valve 26 which is at rest. The leak fuel is further returned from the second pressure chamber or the fuel reservoir 38 through the second supply / discharge passage 56 and the leak passage 60 to the fuel tank. Therefore, the dormant second needle valve 26 and the nozzle body 12 around it are effectively cooled, and the inoperable or incomplete operation of the needle valve due to seizure or the like is reliably prevented.
【００３１】上記のように、第１針弁２４の休止時、及
び第２針弁２６の休止時の何れの場合も、作動している
側の針弁に供給される高圧燃料の一部がリークして冷却
用燃料として利用されるので、前記既提案公報第２図所
載の装置のように、冷却燃料供給のための専用のポンプ
及び協働する配管を必要としないので、構造簡単で、か
つ製造コストが著しく安い利点がある。なお、図１に良
く示されているように、第１及び第２連通路の要部を構
成する第１及び第２連通孔７２及び７４を、側面視にお
いてＸ字状に交差する直線通路とすることにより、例え
ばＬ字状の屈曲通路とした場合に較べ、穿孔作業コスト
を低減し得る付随的利点がある。As described above, both when the first needle valve 24 is at rest and when the second needle valve 26 is at rest, part of the high-pressure fuel supplied to the operating needle valve is Since it leaks and is used as cooling fuel, it does not require a dedicated pump and cooperating pipes for supplying cooling fuel, unlike the device described in FIG. Moreover, there is an advantage that the manufacturing cost is extremely low. As well shown in FIG. 1, the first and second communication holes 72 and 74, which form the main parts of the first and second communication passages, are formed as straight passages that intersect in an X shape in a side view. By doing so, there is an additional advantage that the drilling work cost can be reduced as compared with, for example, an L-shaped bent passage.
【００３２】本発明は、上記実施例に限定されるもので
はなく、特許請求の範囲内で種々の変更、修正を加えて
実施することができる。例えば、本発明は、ディーゼル
エンジンの燃料噴射以外に、例えばメタノールエンジン
用のメタノール、その他の流体の噴射装置を適用するこ
とができる。また、第１及び第２連通路の適所に配設さ
れる第１及び第２の一方向弁７４及び７６に代え、オリ
フィスを採用することができる。この場合、高圧流体例
えば燃料の噴射開始時における圧力上昇に大きな遅れが
生じないように、十分に小さい開口面積のオリフィスが
用いられる。さらにまた、上記実施例では、第１及び第
２連通孔７２及び７４を含む第１及び第２連通路が第１
及び第２スプリング室４２及び４４に連通しているが、
上記第１及び第２連通孔７２及び７４の穿孔技術上可能
な範囲で第１及び第２ガイド孔２８及び３４の孔壁に連
通させても良い。さらに、切換弁５０のアクチュエータ
として、例示されている電磁式アクチュエータに代え、
圧油式アクチュエータその他任意のアクチュエータを適
宜採用することができる。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be implemented with various changes and modifications within the scope of the claims. For example, the present invention can be applied to an injection device of methanol or other fluid for a methanol engine, in addition to the fuel injection of a diesel engine. Further, instead of the first and second one-way valves 74 and 76 arranged at appropriate positions in the first and second communication passages, an orifice can be adopted. In this case, an orifice having a sufficiently small opening area is used so that the pressure rise at the start of injection of the high-pressure fluid such as fuel is not greatly delayed. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the first and second communication passages including the first and second communication holes 72 and 74 are the first
And communicates with the second spring chambers 42 and 44,
The first and second communication holes 72 and 74 may be communicated with the hole walls of the first and second guide holes 28 and 34 within a range that is technically possible. Further, as the actuator of the switching valve 50, instead of the exemplified electromagnetic actuator,
A pressure oil type actuator or any other actuator can be appropriately adopted.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】叙上のように、本発明に係る流体噴射装
置は、一端部に夫々流体を噴射する第１噴孔及び第２噴
孔を具えたハウジング、同ハウジング内に軸線方向に摺
動自在に嵌挿された第１大径部と同第１大径部に対し同
軸的にかつ一体的に形成され上記第１噴孔側に延びた第
１小径部とを有する第１針弁、上記ハウジング内に形成
された第１スプリング室内に収容され上記第１針弁を第
１噴孔側に付勢して同第１噴孔を閉塞する第１プレッシ
ャスプリング、上記第１大径部と第１小径部とを接続す
る第１段差部に臨んで上記ハウジング内に形成され、第
１給排通路から供給された高圧流体が同第１段差部に作
用することにより上記第１プレッシャスプリングの付勢
力に抗して上記第１針弁をリフトさせ、上記第１噴孔を
開口させる第１圧力室、ハウジング内に上記第１針弁に
対し略平行に配設され、軸線方向に摺動自在に嵌挿され
た第２大径部と同第２大径部に対し同軸的にかつ一体的
に形成され上記第２噴孔側に延びた第２小径部とを有す
る第２針弁、上記ハウジング内に上記第１スプリング室
とは独立に形成された第２スプリング室内に収容され上
記第２針弁を第２噴孔側に付勢して同第２噴孔を閉塞す
る第２プレッシャスプリング、上記第２大径部と第２小
径部とを接続する第２段差部に臨んで上記第１圧力室と
は独立にハウジング内に形成され、第２給排通路から供
給された高圧流体が同第２段差部に作用することにより
上記第２プレッシャスプリングの付勢力に抗して上記第
２針弁をリフトさせ上記第２噴孔を開口させる第２圧力
室、上記第１給排通路及び第２給排通路の一方を高圧流
体源に選択的に連通させると共に他方の給排通路を低圧
流体源に連通させる切換弁、上記第１圧力室に供給され
る高圧流体の一部を上記第２圧力室側に供給する第１連
通路、及び上記第２圧力室に供給される高圧流体の一部
を上記第１圧力室側に供給する上記第１連通路とは別個
の第２連通路を具備したことを特徴とし、ディーゼルエ
ンジン用燃料等高圧流体の噴射特性が良く、休止してい
る噴孔の冷却のために専用の冷却流体供給用ポンプ及び
配管を必要としないので、構造簡単で製造及び運転コス
トが安い利点がある。As described above, the fluid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention has a housing having a first injection hole and a second injection hole for ejecting a fluid at one end thereof, and an axial sliding direction in the housing. A first needle valve having a first large-diameter portion movably inserted and a first small-diameter portion coaxially and integrally formed with the first large-diameter portion and extending toward the first injection hole side. A first pressure spring which is housed in a first spring chamber formed in the housing and urges the first needle valve toward the first injection hole to close the first injection hole; and the first large diameter portion. The first pressure spring formed by the high pressure fluid supplied from the first supply / discharge passage acting on the first stepped portion facing the first stepped portion connecting the first stepped spring and the first small diameter portion. The first pressure valve which lifts the first needle valve against the urging force of the valve to open the first injection hole. A second large-diameter portion and a second large-diameter portion, which are arranged substantially parallel to the first needle valve in the chamber and the housing and are slidably inserted in the axial direction, coaxially and integrally with the second large-diameter portion. A second needle valve having a second small diameter portion formed on the second injection hole side and housed in a second spring chamber formed independently of the first spring chamber in the housing. A second pressure spring that urges the needle valve toward the second injection hole side to close the second injection hole, and faces the second stepped portion that connects the second large diameter portion and the second small diameter portion to each other. The second pressure spring is formed in the housing independently of the first pressure chamber, and the high-pressure fluid supplied from the second supply / discharge passage acts on the second step portion to resist the urging force of the second pressure spring. A second pressure chamber that lifts the needle valve to open the second injection hole, the first supply / discharge passage, and the second supply / discharge passage. A switching valve for selectively communicating one of the passages with the high pressure fluid source and the other supply / discharge passage for communicating with the low pressure fluid source, and a portion of the high pressure fluid supplied to the first pressure chamber to the second pressure chamber side. And a second communication passage separate from the first communication passage for supplying a part of the high-pressure fluid supplied to the second pressure chamber to the first pressure chamber side. It has good injection characteristics of high-pressure fluid such as fuel for diesel engines, and does not require a dedicated pump and piping for cooling fluid supply to cool dormant nozzle holes, so the structure is simple and the manufacturing and operating costs are low. There is a cheap advantage.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す噴射装置の全体的縦断
面図である。FIG. 1 is an overall vertical cross-sectional view of an injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１のＩＩ−ＩＩ線に沿い矢印方向に視た縦断
面図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図３】図１に示した噴射装置の頂部平面図である。FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the injector shown in FIG.
【図４】図１に示した噴射装置の底面図である。4 is a bottom view of the injection device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
【図５】図１のＶ−Ｖ線に沿い矢印方向に視た横断面図
である。5 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図６】図１のＶＩ−ＶＩ線に沿い矢印方向に視た横断
面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図７】図１のＶＩＩ−ＶＩＩ線に沿い矢印方向に視た
横断面図である。7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図８】図１のＶＩＩＩ−ＶＩＩＩ線に沿い矢印方向に
視た横断面図である。8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図９】図１のＩＸ−ＩＸ線に沿い矢印方向に視た横断
面図である。9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX of FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図１０】図７のＸ−Ｘ線に沿い矢印方向に視た縦断面
図である。10 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 7 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図１１】図６のＸＩ−ＸＩ線に沿い矢印方向に視た縦
断面図である。11 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line XI-XI of FIG. 6 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図１２】図１において第２針弁側が作動し第１針弁側
が休止している場合の冷却用燃料の流れを示した縦断面
図である。FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the flow of the cooling fuel when the second needle valve side is operating and the first needle valve side is at rest in FIG.
１０…ハウジング、１２…ノズルボディ、１４…ディス
タンスピース、１６…ノズルホルダ、１８…リテーニン
グナット、２０…第１噴孔、２２…第２噴孔、２４…第
１針弁、２４ａ…第１大径部、２４ｂ…第１段差部、２
４ｃ…第１小径部、２６…第２針弁、２６ａ…第２大径
部、２６ｂ…第２段差部、２６ｃ…第２小径部、２８…
第１ガイド孔、３０…燃料通路、３２…第１圧力室又は
燃料溜、３４…第２ガイド孔、３６…燃料通路、３８…
第２圧力室又は燃料溜、４２…第１スプリング室、４４
…第２スプリング室、４６…第１プレッシャスプリン
グ、４８…第２プレッシャスプリング、５０…切換弁、
５４…第１給排通路、５６…第２給排通路、５８…供給
通路、６０…リーク通路、６２…ソレノイド（アクチュ
エータ）、６６…コントロールユニット又は制御装置。10 ... Housing, 12 ... Nozzle body, 14 ... Distance piece, 16 ... Nozzle holder, 18 ... Retaining nut, 20 ... 1st injection hole, 22 ... 2nd injection hole, 24 ... 1st needle valve, 24a ... 1st Large diameter portion, 24b ... First step portion, 2
4c ... 1st small diameter part, 26 ... 2nd needle valve, 26a ... 2nd large diameter part, 26b ... 2nd step part, 26c ... 2nd small diameter part, 28 ...
First guide hole, 30 ... Fuel passage, 32 ... First pressure chamber or fuel reservoir, 34 ... Second guide hole, 36 ... Fuel passage, 38 ...
Second pressure chamber or fuel reservoir, 42 ... First spring chamber, 44
... second spring chamber, 46 ... first pressure spring, 48 ... second pressure spring, 50 ... switching valve,
54 ... 1st supply / drain passage, 56 ... 2nd supply / drain passage, 58 ... Supply passage, 60 ... Leak passage, 62 ... Solenoid (actuator), 66 ... Control unit or control device.
Claims (9)
び第２噴孔を具えたハウジング、同ハウジング内に軸線
方向に摺動自在に嵌挿された第１大径部と同第１大径部
に対し同軸的にかつ一体的に形成され上記第１噴孔側に
延びた第１小径部とを有する第１針弁、上記ハウジング
内に形成された第１スプリング室内に収容され上記第１
針弁を第１噴孔側に付勢して同第１噴孔を閉塞する第１
プレッシャスプリング、上記第１大径部と第１小径部と
を接続する第１段差部に臨んで上記ハウジング内に形成
され、第１給排通路から供給された高圧流体が同第１段
差部に作用することにより上記第１プレッシャスプリン
グの付勢力に抗して上記第１針弁をリフトさせ上記第１
噴孔を開口させる第１圧力室、ハウジング内に上記第１
針弁に対し略平行に配設され、軸線方向に摺動自在に嵌
挿された第２大径部と同第２大径部に対し同軸的にかつ
一体的に形成され上記第２噴孔側に延びた第２小径部と
を有する第２針弁、上記ハウジング内に上記第１スプリ
ング室とは独立に形成された第２スプリング室内に収容
され上記第２針弁を第２噴孔側に付勢して同第２噴孔を
閉塞する第２プレッシャスプリング、上記第２大径部と
第２小径部とを接続する第２段差部に臨んで上記第１圧
力室とは独立にハウジング内に形成され、第２給排通路
から供給された高圧流体が同第２段差部に作用すること
により上記第２プレッシャスプリングの付勢力に抗して
上記第２針弁をリフトさせ上記第２噴孔を開口させる第
２圧力室、上記第１給排通路及び第２給排通路の一方を
高圧流体源に選択的に連通させると共に他方の給排通路
を低圧流体源に連通させる切換弁、上記第１圧力室に供
給される高圧流体の一部を上記第２圧力室側に供給する
第１連通路、及び上記第２圧力室に供給される高圧流体
の一部を上記第１圧力室側に供給する上記第１連通路と
は別個の第２連通路を具備したことを特徴とする流体噴
射装置。1. A housing having a first injection hole and a second injection hole for injecting a fluid at one end thereof, respectively, and a first large diameter portion slidably inserted in the housing in the axial direction. A first needle valve having a first small diameter portion which is coaxially and integrally formed with the first large diameter portion and extends toward the first injection hole side, and is housed in a first spring chamber formed in the housing. First above
A first valve for urging the needle valve toward the first injection hole to close the first injection hole
The pressure spring is formed in the housing so as to face the first stepped portion connecting the first large diameter portion and the first small diameter portion, and the high pressure fluid supplied from the first supply / discharge passage is supplied to the first stepped portion. By acting, the first needle valve is lifted against the biasing force of the first pressure spring and the first needle valve is lifted.
The first pressure chamber for opening the injection hole, the first pressure chamber in the housing
A second large diameter portion that is disposed substantially parallel to the needle valve and is slidably fitted in the axial direction, and is coaxially and integrally formed with the second large diameter portion. A second needle valve having a second small diameter portion extending to the side, a second spring chamber formed inside the housing and independent of the first spring chamber, and the second needle valve is connected to the second injection hole side. A second pressure spring for urging the second injection hole to close the second injection hole, a second step portion connecting the second large diameter portion and the second small diameter portion, and a housing independent of the first pressure chamber. The high-pressure fluid formed in the second supply / discharge passage acts on the second step portion to lift the second needle valve against the biasing force of the second pressure spring. One of the second pressure chamber for opening the injection hole, the first supply / discharge passage and the second supply / discharge passage is selected as the high-pressure fluid source. And a switching valve for communicating the other supply / discharge passage with a low pressure fluid source, a first communication passage for supplying a part of the high pressure fluid supplied to the first pressure chamber to the second pressure chamber side, and the above A fluid ejection device comprising: a second communication passage separate from the first communication passage for supplying a part of the high-pressure fluid supplied to the second pressure chamber to the first pressure chamber side.
上記第２小径部周面に臨み開口され、上記第２連通路
が、上記第１噴孔近傍の上記第１小径部周面に臨み開口
されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の流体噴射装
置。2. The first communication passage is open to the peripheral surface of the second small diameter portion near the second injection hole, and the second communication passage is the first small diameter portion near the first injection hole. The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluid ejecting apparatus is opened to face the peripheral surface.
第１スプリング室を通り上記第２小径部周面に臨む開口
に連通され、上記第２連通路が、上記第２圧力室から第
２スプリング室を通り上記第１小径部周面に臨む開口に
連通されていることを特徴とする請求項２記載の流体噴
射装置。3. The first communication passage communicates with the opening that passes through the first pressure chamber and the first spring chamber and faces the peripheral surface of the second small diameter portion, and the second communication passage has the second pressure chamber. 3. The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the fluid ejecting apparatus is communicated with an opening that passes through the second spring chamber and faces the peripheral surface of the first small diameter portion.
記第１大径部を収容する第１ガイド孔と同第１大径部と
の間の摺動間隙を介して上記第１スプリング室に連通さ
れ、上記第２連通路が、上記ハウジングの上記第２大径
部を収容する第２ガイド孔と同第２大径部との間の摺動
間隙を介して上記第２スプリング室に連通されているこ
とを特徴とする請求項３記載の流体噴射装置。4. The first spring chamber, wherein the first communication passage has a sliding gap between a first guide hole accommodating the first large diameter portion of the housing and the first large diameter portion. And the second communication passage communicates with the second spring chamber via a sliding gap between a second guide hole for accommodating the second large diameter portion of the housing and the second large diameter portion. The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the fluid ejecting apparatus is in communication with each other.
スプリング室又は第１ガイド孔の内周面に連通され他端
を上記第２小径部周面に臨む開口に連通された第１連通
孔を含み、上記第２連通路が、その一端を上記第２スプ
リング室又は第２ガイド孔の内周面に連通され他端を上
記第１小径部周面に臨む開口に連通された第２連通孔を
含むことを特徴とする請求項４記載の流体噴射装置。5. The first communication passage has one end at which the first communication passage is provided.
The second communication passage includes a first communication hole that communicates with the inner peripheral surface of the spring chamber or the first guide hole and has the other end communicated with an opening facing the second small diameter portion peripheral surface, and the second communication passage has one end thereof with the first communication hole. 5. The fluid ejection device according to claim 4, further comprising a second communication hole that communicates with the inner peripheral surface of the second spring chamber or the second guide hole and that communicates the other end with an opening that faces the peripheral surface of the first small diameter portion. apparatus.
上記第１圧力室から第２圧力室への流れのみを許容する
第１の一方向弁又は流量を制限するオリフィスを有する
と共に、上記第２連通路が、その途中に介装され上記第
２圧力室から第１圧力室への流れのみを許容する第２の
一方向弁又は流量を制限するオリフィスを有することを
特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項５記載の流体噴射装
置。6. The first communication passage has a first one-way valve that allows only the flow from the first pressure chamber to the second pressure chamber or an orifice that limits the flow rate, which is interposed in the middle of the first communication passage. The second communication passage has a second one-way valve that allows only the flow from the second pressure chamber to the first pressure chamber or an orifice that limits the flow rate, which is interposed in the second communication passage. The fluid ejection device according to claim 1.
られ、第１噴孔の総噴孔面積よりも第２噴孔の総噴孔面
積が大きく形成されたことを特徴とする請求項１ないし
請求項６記載の流体噴射装置。7. A plurality of the first and second injection holes are provided respectively, and a total injection hole area of the second injection holes is larger than a total injection hole area of the first injection holes. The fluid ejection device according to claim 1.
る流体がエンジン用の燃料であり、かつ上記切換弁がア
クチュエータにより駆動され、さらに同アクチュエータ
が、エンジンの運転状態を検出する運転状態検出装置の
出力を受けてアクチュエータ駆動信号を生起する制御装
置によって作動されることを特徴とする請求項１ないし
請求項７記載の流体噴射装置。8. The fluid injected from the first injection hole and the second injection hole is fuel for an engine, the switching valve is driven by an actuator, and the actuator detects the operating state of the engine. 8. The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluid ejecting apparatus is operated by a controller that receives an output of the operating state detecting device and generates an actuator drive signal.
転数を検出する回転数センサを含み、上記制御装置が、
上記回転数センサにより検知されたエンジン回転数が設
定回転数未満のとき、上記第１給排通路を高圧燃料源に
連通させると共に、上記第２給排通路を低圧燃料源に連
通させ、かつ上記回転数センサにより検知されたエンジ
ン回転数が設定回転数以上のとき、上記第１給排通路を
低圧燃料源に連通させると共に、上記第２給排通路を高
圧燃料源に連通させるように、上記アクチュエータを制
御することを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項８記載の
流体噴射装置。9. The operating condition detection device includes a rotation speed sensor for detecting the rotation speed of the engine, and the control device comprises:
When the engine speed detected by the speed sensor is less than the set speed, the first supply / discharge passage is communicated with the high pressure fuel source, and the second supply / discharge passage is communicated with the low pressure fuel source, and When the engine speed detected by the rotation speed sensor is equal to or higher than a set speed, the first supply / discharge passage is communicated with the low pressure fuel source, and the second supply / discharge passage is communicated with the high pressure fuel source. The fluid ejecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluid ejecting apparatus controls an actuator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17012295A JP3366495B2 (en) | 1995-05-31 | 1995-05-31 | Fluid ejection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17012295A JP3366495B2 (en) | 1995-05-31 | 1995-05-31 | Fluid ejection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08326629A true JPH08326629A (en) | 1996-12-10 |
| JP3366495B2 JP3366495B2 (en) | 2003-01-14 |
Family
ID=15899057
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17012295A Expired - Fee Related JP3366495B2 (en) | 1995-05-31 | 1995-05-31 | Fluid ejection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3366495B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020041043A (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2002-06-01 | 이계안 | Injector |
| KR20020096699A (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2002-12-31 | 기아자동차주식회사 | Injector for automoblie and method for controlling fuel injection using the same |
| CN104989570A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Main and assistant integrated nonlinear rectification oil atomizer |
| WO2016118012A3 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-09-22 | Paul Johan Willem Maria Nooijen | Injector assembly and method of using same |
| CN110360018A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-22 | 卓品智能科技无锡有限公司 | A kind of control method of dual fuel engine fuel injection system |
| CN113202673A (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2021-08-03 | 曼恩能源方案有限公司 | Fuel injection valve |
-
1995
- 1995-05-31 JP JP17012295A patent/JP3366495B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020041043A (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2002-06-01 | 이계안 | Injector |
| KR20020096699A (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2002-12-31 | 기아자동차주식회사 | Injector for automoblie and method for controlling fuel injection using the same |
| WO2016118012A3 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-09-22 | Paul Johan Willem Maria Nooijen | Injector assembly and method of using same |
| NL1041155A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-09-27 | Johan Willem Maria Nooijen Paul | Dual Fuel injector and methods. |
| CN104989570A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Main and assistant integrated nonlinear rectification oil atomizer |
| CN110360018A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-22 | 卓品智能科技无锡有限公司 | A kind of control method of dual fuel engine fuel injection system |
| CN113202673A (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2021-08-03 | 曼恩能源方案有限公司 | Fuel injection valve |
| CN113202673B (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2024-04-23 | 曼恩能源方案有限公司 | Fuel injection valve |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3366495B2 (en) | 2003-01-14 |
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