JPH08318520A - Discharge impulse breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To attempt miniaturization of a switch itself by a method wherein discharge of arc is not generated and a life of the switch itself can be prolonged in comparison with that in the case of using a gap switch, and besides a loss of discharge energy can be steeply decreased. CONSTITUTION: In a breaker wherein a substance to be broken 2 is broken by discharging by making a current flow in an instant to a metallic small-gage wire 6 arranged in breaking substances, a thyristor 21 is used as a discharging switch means interposed midway to a discharging electric wiring 11 between the metallic small-gage wire 6 and a charge circuit 12 charging discharging electricity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a discharge impact destruction device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a device for destroying an object to be destroyed such as rock mass, there is a discharge impact destruction device as shown in FIG. This discharge impact destruction device 101 has a pair of electrodes 102 with a copper,
A thin metal wire 103 made of aluminum or the like is connected, and a capacitor 104 is connected to these electrodes 102, so that the electricity charged in the capacitor 104 is instantaneously supplied to the thin metal wire 103 by a discharge switch. It was done.

When the discharge breakdown is performed, an electrode mounting hole 112 is formed at a predetermined position of the rock mass 111, and water is filled in the electrode mounting hole 112 as a destruction material, and the capacitor 104 is used. The electricity charged to
The thin metal wire 103 is suddenly flown through the electrode 102, that is, is discharged to melt and vaporize the thin metal wire 103.
Then, water is also vaporized instantaneously, and the rock 111 is destroyed by the impact force due to the expansion.

By the way, the above-mentioned discharge impact destruction device 101
According to the above, when performing destruction, an electrode installation hole for filling water, which is a substance for destruction, on the rock mass 111 side, which is the object to be destroyed.
It is necessary to form 112, so that the direction of the electrode mounting hole 112 formed in the rock mass 111 is limited. For example, the electrode installation hole 112 cannot be formed in the horizontal direction or the upward direction.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention, in order to solve such a drawback, insert an electrode and a thin metal wire into a cylindrical container and, at the same time, a discharge impact destruction device in which a destruction substance is enclosed. Has already been proposed.

Further, in this discharge impact destruction device, when a fine metal wire is discharged, it is performed by a discharge switch interposed between the capacitor and the electrode, but this discharge switch is manually operated. Spark gap switch is used.

[0007]

By the way, this spark gap switch has a drawback that the switch itself becomes large because of mechanical actuation and insulation against high voltage, and when the switch is opened and closed, an arc is generated. There is also a drawback that discharge occurs and the life of the switch itself is short. In addition, because arc discharge occurs at the switch,
There is a loss in the discharge energy supplied to the thin metal wire, and specifically, this loss is almost the same as the discharge energy in the thin metal wire, and thus there is a drawback that about half is lost.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a discharge impact destruction device capable of solving the above problems.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first means of the present invention is a container which can be inserted into an installation hole formed in an object to be destroyed, and a container which can be inserted into this container. A pair of electrodes having metal wires attached to the tip, a charging means connected to these electrodes, a power supply section for supplying electric power to the charging means, and a charging electricity between the power supply section and the charging means. In a discharge impact destruction device having a charging control means interposed in the middle of the wiring, and a discharging switch means interposed in the middle of the discharging electric wiring provided between the charging means and both electrodes, The discharge impact destruction device uses an electronic switch as the discharge switch means.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a second means of the present invention is a container which can be inserted into an installation hole formed in an object to be destroyed, and a metal which is inserted into the container and has a tip portion. A pair of electrodes to which thin wires are attached, a charging means connected to these electrodes, a power supply section for supplying electric power to the charging means, and a charging electric wire between the power supply section and the charging means. In a discharge impact destruction device having a charging control means interposed, and a discharging switch means interposed in the middle of a discharging electric wire provided between the charging means and both electrodes, the charging control means In addition, it is a discharge impact destruction device using an electronic switch.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a third means of the present invention is a container which can be inserted into an installation hole formed in an object to be destroyed and a metal which is inserted into the container and has a tip portion. A pair of electrodes to which thin wires are attached, a charging means connected to these electrodes, a power supply section for supplying electric power to the charging means, and a charging electric wire between the power supply section and the charging means. In a discharge impact destruction device having a charging control means interposed, and a discharging switch means interposed in the middle of a discharging electric wire provided between the charging means and both electrodes, the charging control means And a discharge impact destruction device in which electronic switches are used for the discharge switch means.

A thyristor is used as an electronic switch in each of the above means, and a charge control means or a discharge switch means in each of the above means is further provided.
A thyristor inserted in each electric wiring, the electric wiring on the anode side of this thyristor and the gate terminal are connected by a connection circuit, and a driving resistor and an open / close switch are inserted in the middle of this connection circuit. is there.

[0013]

According to the construction of each of the above means, since the electronic switch, specifically, the thyristor is used as the discharge switch means, arc discharge does not occur as compared with the case where the gap switch is used, and therefore the switch is used. The life of the battery itself can be extended and the loss of discharge energy can be significantly reduced.

The charging control means also has an electronic switch,
Specifically, since a thyristor is used, charging can be automatically stopped. Further, since the thyristor is used as the charge control means or the discharging switch means and the thyristor is driven by the driving resistor, the power supply for the thyristor can be unnecessary.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the discharge impact destruction device in the first embodiment is
A description will be given based on FIGS. 1 to 3.

As shown in FIG. 1, an electric discharge impact destruction device 1 according to the first embodiment has an object to be destroyed (for example, bedrock) 2
A cylindrical container 4 that is inserted into the installation hole 3 formed in the container and is filled with a destructive substance (for example, water, oil, gel-like substance, etc.), and is arranged in the cylindrical container 4. A pair of electrodes 5, a thin metal wire 6 connected to the tip portions of the both electrodes 5, and a charging circuit for giving discharge energy to both electrodes 5 through electric discharge wiring 11 (an example of charging means, specifically, Is a capacitor) 12 and this charging circuit 12
A high-voltage DC power supply (power supply unit) 14 connected to the charging electric wiring 13 via the charging electric wiring 13, a charging control means 15 interposed in the charging electric wiring 13 and the discharging electric wiring 1
1 and a discharge switch means 16 which is interposed in the middle thereof.

The discharging switch means 16 is
It is composed of an electronic switch, for example, a thyristor 21, and a discharge drive circuit 22 which gives a trigger signal to the thyristor 21.

A case where the object to be destroyed 2 is destroyed by the above-described discharge impact destruction device will be described. First, the charging control means 16 causes the high voltage from the DC power supply 14 to be applied to the charging circuit 1.
2, that is, the capacitor is applied and charging is performed. Next, the discharge drive circuit 22 applies a trigger signal to the thyristor 21 to turn it on. When the metal wire 6 is turned on, the discharge to the thin metal wire 6 is started. However, even if the trigger signal is turned off, the self-holding function keeps the on state, and thus the discharge continues. This discharge causes an explosion due to the instantaneous evaporation (volume expansion) of the destructive substance due to the vaporization of the thin metal wires 6.

After that, when the discharge current decreases and becomes smaller than the drive minimum current value of the thyristor, the thyristor 21 is turned off. At this time, the discharge current flows because it is not completely turned off, but the current is cut off after the turn-off, and the secondary current is not generated. On the other hand, in the case of the gap switch, unlike the thyristor, switching cannot be performed on the order of several tens of μs, resulting in an oscillating discharge current. In this way, when the oscillating discharge current is reached, a large load is applied to the capacitor that constitutes the charging circuit,
Therefore, the life of the capacitor is significantly shortened.

Here, FIG. 2A shows a waveform diagram of the discharge current when a thyristor is used as the discharge switch in this embodiment, and FIG. 2B shows the case of the conventional gap switch. The waveform diagram of the discharge current of is shown.

Next, FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of the generated impact force with respect to the capacitor voltage. In FIG. 3, the solid line shows the case of this embodiment, that is, the case where a thyristor is used,
The broken line shows the case where a gap switch is used. As can be seen from FIG. 3, in the case of the gap switch, discharge loss occurs in the switch portion, so that the generated impact force is smaller than in the case of the thyristor.

According to the structure of the discharge impact destruction device of the first embodiment, since the thyristor is used as the discharge switch, the loss of discharge energy can be made very small.

Further, when the discharge is performed under the vibration condition,
The diode effect of the thyristor can prevent the oscillating current, so that the load on the capacitor can be reduced.

Further, since the switching is performed in a non-contact manner by the electric signal, the life of the switch for discharging is very long, the switching of the order of μs is possible, and the size of the switch itself can be reduced. it can.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the discharge impact destruction device in the first embodiment described above, the case where the electronic switch is applied to the switch on the discharge side has been described, but in the second embodiment, the electronic switch is applied to the charge control means. is there. Therefore, in the second embodiment,
The same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the charge control means 15 is composed of an electronic switch, for example, a thyristor 31 interposed in the middle of the charging electric wiring 13, and a charge drive circuit 32 for giving a trigger signal to the thyristor 31. It is configured.

Further, due to the self-holding function of the thyristor 31, when the current value on the charging side becomes smaller than the current value on the self-holding side, the thyristor 31 is turned off and the charging is automatically stopped.

Also in this case, the same operation as in the first embodiment is performed. That is, when charging the capacitor which is the charging circuit 12, when the trigger signal is given from the charging drive circuit 32 to the thyristor 31, the thyristor 3
1 is turned on and charging is performed. Then, even if the trigger signal is turned off, the self-holding function of the thyristor 31 maintains the on state, and thus the charging is continued.

Then, when the charging side current approaches the end of the charging and the charging side current decreases and becomes smaller than the self-holding current value of the thyristor 31, the thyristor 31 is turned off and the charging is automatically stopped.

FIG. 5 shows a time chart of the thyristor, charging current, charging voltage and the like during this charging. According to the configuration of the discharge impact destruction device of the second embodiment, since the thyristor is used as the switch provided in the charge control means, the charging is automatically performed unlike the case where the capacitor is charged by the manual switch. Since it can be stopped temporarily, and thus work efficiency can be improved and recharge after discharge can be prevented, operational safety can be ensured. In addition, when charging more than a set voltage during manual charging, it was necessary to wait for the charging voltage to decrease due to circuit loss.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the discharge impact destruction devices in the first and second embodiments, the case where the electronic switch is applied to either the discharge switch means or the charge control means has been described, but in the third embodiment, the electronic switch is used. The switch is applied to a switch provided in both the charge control means and the discharge switch means. Also in this case, the same parts as those in each of the above-described embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the charge control means 15 and the discharge switch means 16 are connected to the respective electric wirings 1.
1, 13 electronic switches, for example, thyristors 41, 42 interposed in the middle, connection circuits 43, 44 for connecting the anode side electric wirings 11, 13 of these thyristors 41, 42 to the gate terminals, respectively. Connection circuit 4
It is composed of driving resistors 45 and 46 and open / close switches 47 and 48 which are interposed in the middle of 3, 44.

According to the configuration of the third embodiment, basically, in addition to the same operational effects as those of the above-described embodiments, the drive circuits provided in the connection circuits 43 and 44 are provided. The resistors 45 and 46 can eliminate the need for the drive power supply for the thyristors 41 and 42.

Of course, after the charging control means 15 charges the charging circuit 12 composed of a capacitor, the discharging switch means 16 discharges the thin metal wire 6.
The resistance values R of the driving resistors 45 and 46 are selected so as to satisfy the conditions shown in the following equation.

R ≦ V _C / I _GT ····; where V _C is the lower voltage of the set discharge voltage or charging voltage I _GT is the thyristor drive required gate current value For example, charging voltage (V _C ): 6000V , Gate current (I _GT ): The resistance value (R) of the driving resistor when using a 40 mA thyristor is 150 kΩ.

Since the voltage is high, the discharge phenomenon naturally occurs when the thyristor driving switch is turned on, but the discharge current at this time is about I _GT, which is the load point generated after the thyristor is turned on. Discharge phenomenon (for example, 20000
It was a negligible loss for a peak current of ~ 40,000 A).

Further, by adopting an optical drive switch using a photo coupler or the like as the open / close switches 47 and 48 for driving the thyristor, the switch operation is cut off from the high voltage line, which is safe in operation.

By the way, the structure that the driving power source described in the third embodiment can be separately unnecessary can be applied to the structures described in the first and second embodiments. In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the case where it is applied to the rock bed as the object to be destroyed is explained, but for example, the finishing destruction work in the tunnel, the demolition work of the concrete structure, the destruction work in the water, and the destruction in which the blasting work is regulated -It can also be applied to dismantling work.

[0039]

According to each of the above-mentioned configurations of the present invention, since an electronic switch, specifically, a thyristor is used as the discharge switch means, arc discharge is generated as compared with the case where the gap switch is used. Therefore, the life of the switch itself can be extended, the loss of discharge energy can be significantly reduced, and the size of the switch itself can be reduced.

The charging control means also has an electronic switch,
Specifically, since the thyristor is used, the charging can be automatically stopped and therefore the work efficiency can be improved.

Further, since the thyristor is used as the charge control means or the discharging switch means, and the thyristor is driven by the driving resistor,
A power supply for the thyristor may be unnecessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a discharge impact destruction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of a discharge current in the first embodiment, (a) shows a case where a thyristor is used, and (b).
Shows the case where a gap switch is used.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the charging voltage and the generated impact force in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a discharge impact destruction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a time chart showing a state of charge in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a discharge impact destruction device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional discharge impact destruction device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Discharge impact destruction device 2 Destruction target 3 Installation hole 4 Cylindrical container 5 Electrode 6 Metal wire 11 Discharge electric wiring 12 Charging circuit 13 Charging electric wiring 14 DC power supply 15 Charge control means 16 Discharge control means 21 Thyristor 22 Discharge Drive circuit 31 Thyristor 32 Charge drive circuit 41,42 Thyristor 43,44 Connection circuit 45,46 Drive resistor 47,48 Open / close switch

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A container which is insertable into an installation hole formed in an object to be destroyed and which is filled with a destructive substance, and a pair which is inserted into the container and has a thin metal wire attached to a tip thereof. Electrode, charging means connected to these electrodes, a power supply section for supplying electric power to the charging means, and charging control interposed in the middle of the charging electrical wiring between the power supply section and the charging means. In the discharge impact destruction device having a discharging means, and a discharging switch means interposed in the middle of the discharging electric wiring provided between the charging means and both electrodes, an electronic switch is provided in the discharging switch means. Discharge shock destruction device characterized by being used. 2. A container which is insertable into an installation hole formed in an object to be destroyed and is filled with a destructive substance, and a pair which is inserted into the container and has a thin metal wire attached to a tip thereof. Electrode, charging means connected to these electrodes, a power supply section for supplying electric power to the charging means, and charging control interposed in the middle of the charging electrical wiring between the power supply section and the charging means. In a discharge impact destruction device having a charging means and a discharging switch means provided in the middle of a discharging electric wire provided between the charging means and both electrodes, an electronic switch is used as the charging control means. Discharge shock destruction device characterized by the above. 3. A container which can be inserted into an installation hole formed in an object to be destroyed and which is filled with a destructive substance, and a pair which is inserted into the container and has a thin metal wire attached to a tip thereof. Electrode, charging means connected to these electrodes, a power supply section for supplying electric power to the charging means, and charging control interposed in the middle of the charging electrical wiring between the power supply section and the charging means. In the discharge impact destruction device having a discharging means and a discharging switch means interposed in the middle of a discharging electric wire provided between the charging means and both electrodes, the charging control means and the discharging switch means are provided. , A discharge impact destruction device characterized by using an electronic switch respectively. 4. The discharge impact destruction device according to claim 1, wherein a thyristor is used as the electronic switch. 5. A charge control means or a discharge switch means is connected to a thyristor interposed in each electric wiring, and an electric wiring on the anode side of this thyristor and a gate terminal are connected by a connection circuit, and this connection circuit is connected. The discharge impact destruction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a driving resistor and an open / close switch are provided in the middle of the above.