JPH08316723A - Spherical wave radiating dielectric antenna system using dielectric 1/4 wavelength exciting antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a spherical wave radiating antenna system suitable for various radio equipments for UHF to quasi-giga band. CONSTITUTION: The spherical wave radiating antenna system has a dielectric 1/4 wavelength exciting antenna ANT, a board 1 with a throughhole 2 with a throughhole electrode 3 to which the antenna is inserted and connected and with a ground conductor 5, and a matching conductor 7 connected with the board. The dielectric 1/4 wavelength exciting antenna ANT is surrounded by an antenna cap 9.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to the UHF band to the semi-giga band (8
A spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device to be installed inside or outside a housing of various portable wireless devices of 00 MHz to 2.6 GHz band, which is a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and a dielectric ceramic antenna. The present invention relates to a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device including a cap, a through-hole electrode, a dielectric ceramic substrate provided with an annular resonance electrode, and a matching conductor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional built-in antennas include loop antennas, helical antennas, and inverted F-type antennas, which are antennas resonated at 1/2 wavelength or 1/4 wavelength of the operating frequency. There are limited ways to improve gain. On the other hand, the external shape of various portable radios in the current UHF-quasi-giga band has been extremely miniaturized, and the antenna mounted on the above radios has a connector mounting type, a retractable storage type, a falling type, and a fixed type. Etc.,
In each case, the antenna protrudes from the housing to the outside. However, in terms of carrying and operation, the protruding antenna becomes an obstacle during work. For example, when operating a portable wireless device, it is said that the failure of the antenna section is most frequent because the antenna is pulled out and used.

A microstrip antenna in which a dielectric ceramic substrate having a high dielectric constant and a low loss is metallized in a spiral shape, a wave shape, or a digital shape is a terminal for PHS communication (personal handy phone system, which uses the 1.9 GHz band). Although it is the most suitable antenna for, the antenna stored in the housing is pulled out and used. GPS communication (Global Positioning System. 1.57 GHz)
The antenna used for) is a perfect microstrip antenna, so its Q-factor is high and is therefore a very narrow band receiving antenna.

However, in the current antenna, when the antenna is miniaturized and built in the housing of various portable radios, it is impossible to prevent the lower radiation of the antenna from wrapping around inside the device.
The directivity of the antenna and its matching degree deteriorate, and
The radiated power from the transmitter causes a dielectric loss depending on the material of the housing, and the radiation output is reduced, but it is not possible to obtain an antenna gain enough to cover the dielectric loss of the housing. Therefore, at the present time, in the UHF to quasi-giga band portable wireless device using the built-in antenna, the built-in antenna is not sufficient in radiation gain, and therefore is effective only for close-range communication, and the mobile phone with the built-in antenna is used. This is why wireless devices are said to be "terminals for very short distances."

Further, the above-mentioned PHS communication is 10 mw, and the specific low power communication (data transmission 1.2 GHz band) is 10 mw,
The indoor radio (data transmission 1.2 GHz band) is 100 mw, and the transmission output of each terminal is extremely small. When the above-mentioned various built-in antennas are provided in the housing, the misalignment between the antenna and the transmitter causes the radiation efficiency. And the directivity is disturbed by the material forming the housing.

By the way, the applicant has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 3-3449.
No. 04 (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-102720), a dielectric 1 having a principle different from that of a conventional standing waveform antenna.
We have proposed a / 4 wavelength excitation antenna. FIG. 14 shows the structure of this dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna 100. In the figure, a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna 100 includes a dielectric cylinder 101 having an appropriate length and inner and outer diameters. The inner peripheral surface electrode 102 is formed on the entire inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 101, and the one end surface electrode 103 is formed on the upper end surface of the cylindrical body 101. The inner peripheral edge of the one-end surface electrode 103 is the inner peripheral surface electrode 1.
02 is connected. On the other hand, an outer peripheral surface electrode 104 electrically connected to the one-end surface electrode 103 is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 101. Thus, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 101 is
A desired antenna characteristic can be obtained by being divided into a portion where the outer peripheral surface electrode 104 is formed and a portion 105 where the electrode is not formed, and by appropriately selecting the area ratio of these portions. The feeding conductor 106 having an appropriate diameter is coaxially inserted into the cylindrical body 101, and the central conductor 108 of the connecting plug 107 is electrically and mechanically connected to the lower end portion of the feeding conductor 106. The upper end portion of the power supply conductor 106 has a connecting member 10 having a connecting portion that makes electrical contact with the inner peripheral surface electrode 102.
9 and the feeding conductor 106 is fixed to the inner surface electrode 10
It is held coaxially with 2.

However, when matching the antennas by changing the contact length of the fixing metal fitting 109 that contacts the inner peripheral surface electrode 102, when the output of the transmitting section becomes large, the primary side and the secondary side are
Since the electrode on the next side is connected, there is a problem that the balance of the matching circuit is lost and mismatch occurs and the reflected power increases.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to:
UHF band to quasi-giga band (800 MHz to 2.6 GHz band)
Suitable for installation inside or outside various radios of
An object of the present invention is to provide a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device using a dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna,
A dielectric ceramic substrate having a size capable of receiving the base portion of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and having a through hole provided with a through hole electrode on the inner surface thereof, and the through hole on one surface of the substrate. A spherical wave comprising an annular resonance electrode formed at a distance from a hole electrode, a ground plane electrode formed on the substrate, and a matching conductor joined to the ground plane electrode. A radiating dielectric antenna device is provided.

The dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna is
A cylindrical body made of a dielectric material, an inner peripheral surface electrode formed on an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body, and a one-end surface electrode covering one end surface of the cylindrical body and electrically connected to the inner peripheral surface electrode. An outer peripheral surface electrode formed on a part of an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body and electrically connected to the one end surface electrode; and a power supply conductor provided inside the cylindrical body and magnetically coupled to the inner peripheral surface electrode. And a matching coil that is wound around the power supply conductor and has one end connected to the power supply conductor and the other end connected to the outer conductor of the connection plug.

In order to provide an antenna device for a simultaneous two-way communication system or a fusion terminal, a plurality of dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas having different operating frequencies may be provided. Also, an antenna cap made of a dielectric ceramic may be attached so as to surround the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration and operation of one embodiment of a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion other than the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna of the antenna device shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 3 shows a case where the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and the antenna cap are removed from the antenna device shown in FIG. And FIG. 4 shows the structure of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna shown in FIG. 1, respectively.

In these figures, the base (connecting plug 18) of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is formed in a dielectric ceramic substrate 1 and a through hole 2 having a through hole electrode 3 formed on the inner surface thereof. Is inserted and joined. Board 1
An annular resonance electrode 4 is provided on the upper surface of the substrate 1 so as to surround the through-hole 2 and keep an appropriate distance from the through-hole 2, while the first surface of the lower surface of the substrate 1 is left with a predetermined portion surrounding the through-hole 2. A ground electrode is formed, a second ground electrode electrically connected to the first ground electrode is formed on the side surface of the substrate 1, and a continuous ground plane electrode 5 is thus provided. A matching conductor 7 provided with a through hole 6 large enough for the base of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT to pass through is joined to the ground plane electrode 5 to form a dielectric resonance part 8. In this embodiment, the parts on both sides of the matching conductor 7 are bent downward to form the bent side 7 ',
7 ″. Further, if necessary, an antenna cap 9 made of a dielectric ceramic is attached so as to surround the dielectric ¼ wavelength excitation antenna ANT. The antenna cap 9 is placed on the resonance electrode 4. For mounting, the cut end of the antenna cap 9 may be metallized, and this portion may be bonded to the resonance electrode 4 as indicated by reference numeral 27. To bond the two conductors, for example, cream solder may be used. Then, the conductors may be electrically and mechanically connected by soldering with hot air.

Dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT
Has a completely different radiation principle from the conventional standing wave excitation type antenna (for example, a half-wavelength dipole antenna that is a rod-shaped wave source), and can be regarded as a point wave source. Can radiate radio waves. As shown in FIG. 4, the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is
A cylindrical body 10 made of a dielectric ceramic having a dielectric constant of, for example, 40 to 120, and an outer peripheral surface electrode 1 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10.
1, one end surface electrode 12 formed on the upper surface of the cylindrical body 10 so as to be electrically connected to the outer peripheral surface electrode 11, and one end surface electrode 12 electrically connected to the entire inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10. The inner peripheral surface electrode 13 formed as described above and the dielectric portion 14 that is a portion of the cylindrical body 10 where the outer peripheral surface electrode 11 is not formed are provided. Inside the cylindrical body 10, a fixing portion 1 made of an insulator (for example, Teflon) is provided so that a matching coil 16 which is a balun composed of a power supply conductor 15 is coaxial with the inner peripheral surface electrode 13.
Fixed by 7. As a result, the matching coil 16 and the inner peripheral surface electrode 13 are magnetically coupled. The center conductor 20 of the connection plug 18 is connected to the feeding conductor 15 and also to the coaxial cable 19.

The dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT used in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention is compressed by the electrodes 11, 12 and 13 and resonates at 1/4 wavelength (TEM mode), This resonance energy is derived from the dielectric portion 14. That is, the entire cylindrical body 10 is excited, and a strong electric field layer having an equiphase surface is formed with the cylindrical body 10 as a nucleus. The resonance energy of the strong electric field layer is a radio wave of a spherical wave that concentrically spreads in the space with the cylindrical body 10 as a nucleus, and the compression of the above-mentioned compressed resonance energy is released, and the wavelength-constant normal energy is released. Until it becomes an electric field, it is considered to be a strong electric field layer having an equiphase surface.

As described above, the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is different from the conventional vertical standing waveform antenna.
The outer peripheral surface electrode 11 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10 is compressed and resonates at a quarter wavelength, and the entire cylindrical body 10 is excited.
The outer peripheral surface electrode 11, the one end surface electrode 12, the inner peripheral surface electrode 13, and the dielectric portion 14 form a balanced secondary circuit. Therefore, some kind of balun (balanced / unbalanced matching circuit) must be used in order to couple the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT to the connection plug 18 which is an unbalanced circuit having the center conductor 20. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the diameter of the power supply conductor 15, the outer diameter / thickness / material / outer diameter of the insulator of the insulated conductor whose one end is connected to the power supply conductor 15, the winding interval of the insulated conductor, and the number of turns. Etc. are appropriately selected to form the matching coil 16 to form a primary circuit. The other end of this insulated conductor is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the connection plug 18. The above-mentioned respective parts are changed and adjusted so that self-resonance occurs near the target frequency. By doing so, since the primary circuit is configured as described above, self-resonance with a wide frequency bandwidth can be obtained.

As described above, in the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT, the feeding conductor 15 is fixed by the fixing portion 17 on the one end face electrode 12 of the cylindrical body 10 made of a dielectric ceramic having a dielectric constant of 100, for example. A connection plug 18 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 10.
A coaxial cable 19 is connected via the, and this feeds the antenna. Since this dielectric ¼ wavelength excitation antenna ANT is an antenna formed by combining a dielectric ceramic cylinder 10 with electrodes, conductors and dielectrics different from it, it is possible to realize a strong electric field layer. The vertical in-plane directivity of the spherical liquid in all directions is a vertically elongated figure-eight pattern. That is,
The radiation pattern has defects in its upper part and lower part, and the radiation other than the missing part becomes a concentric spherical wave and spreads directly in the entire circumferential direction. Moreover, as a result of actual measurement, the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT is an antenna that does not have a specific plane of polarization such as vertical polarization or horizontal wave, and is formed by the conventional standing wave excitation antenna (rod source). The radiation principle is fundamentally different from that of the figure 8 pattern.

The characteristic points of the dielectric ¼ wavelength excitation antenna ANT are as follows.

(1) In order to obtain a desired center frequency and Q value, the permittivity / shape / dimension of the cylindrical body 10 and the ratio of the lengths of the outer peripheral surface electrode 11 and the dielectric portion 14 provided on the cylindrical body 10 are determined. Etc. may be selected.

(2) As described above, the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT has a structure that allows the electrodes 11, 12, 13 provided on the dielectric ceramic cylindrical body 10 to form a 1/4 wavelength. A resonance (TEM mode) that is compressed by is generated to excite the entire cylindrical body 10 to form a strong electric field layer having an equiphase surface, and the cylindrical body 10 is used as a core to radiate a concentric spherical wave. Even if a conductor (metal conductor, water droplets, human body, etc.) comes close to the dielectric ¼-wavelength excitation antenna ANT at a very short distance, the influence on the antenna radiation efficiency and the antenna impedance is extremely small.

(3) Dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna A
As described above, NT has an equal phase until the resonance energy compressed to 1/4 wavelength forms a strong electric field layer and the compression of the strong electric field layer is released to become a normal electric field in terms of wavelength. Since it is considered to radiate radio waves of spherical waves on the surface and can be regarded as a point wave source, a metal conductor (for example, a reflector) placed very close to the wave source, that is, the antenna ANT in the above-mentioned strong electric field layer. , Plate-shaped conductor, bar-shaped conductor, dielectric substrate having one side as a continuous ground plane, etc.)
The emission of NT can be controlled easily. In other words, this spherical wave is suppressed and compressed by the metal conductor.
It may be considered that a kind of electromagnetic horn (trumpet) that is resonated (excited) and released in a specific circumferential direction is configured, and a spherical wave radio wave is directly radiated into space.

(4) Dielectric 1/4 Wave Excitation Antenna A
Since NT is an antenna for spherical wave radiation that does not have a specified plane of polarization, when these metal conductors are directly connected to the ground plane or the connection plug, the metal conductors are greatly sneak to the back surface.
In order to prevent this, for example, the metal conductor must be floated from the ground or from the connection plug / coaxial cable or the like to be insulated and held by a dielectric material such as Teflon having a low dielectric loss / dielectric constant. Further, even when the metal conductor is grounded and held, the metal conductor does not interfere with the antenna ANT.
Since it is surrounded by the strong electric field layer and a strong magnetic field is induced on the back surface of the metal conductor to radiate an electric field in the direction perpendicular to the strong magnetic field, it is possible to obtain radiation that is almost omnidirectional.

(5) The dielectric constant of the current dielectric ceramic material that can be used for the cylindrical body 10 made of dielectric ceramic is 110.
The resonance efficiency is improved by changing the dielectric material of the cylindrical body 10, but there is a limit to the improvement of the antenna gain.

(6) As described above, the dielectric quarter wave excitation antenna ANT that radiates the spherical wave can be easily selected by simply selecting the dielectric constant of the dielectric material of the antenna cap 9. Gain is obtained.

The spherical-wave radiation dielectric antenna according to the present invention is weatherproof, and the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is used.
In order to gently change the resonance frequency of the antenna, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an appropriate length having an inner peripheral surface with an appropriate distance from each part of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is provided. It is preferable to mount an antenna cap 9 made of a dielectric material having inner and outer diameters. By doing so, the following operational effects are exhibited.

(1) Since the inner peripheral surface of the antenna cap 9 is kept at an appropriate distance from each part of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT, the resonance energy radiated from the entire surface of the antenna ANT is the antenna cap. Since electromagnetic waves are radiated again through the antenna 9, the influence on the characteristic impedance of the antenna due to the object approaching the antenna ANT is extremely small.

(2) The dielectric material forming the antenna cap 9 increases the radiation area of the electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave is re-radiated not only from all side surfaces of the antenna cap 9 but also from the upper surface thereof. The directivity of the body antenna is a vertically long 8-shaped pattern instead of the 8-shaped pattern as in the conventional vertical standing wave excitation antenna. If the dielectric of the antenna cap 9 is raised, the radiation pattern becomes a cocoon type. Therefore, the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna according to the present invention has an antenna gain in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction (upward direction), so that a small and highly efficient antenna can be obtained, and the UHF band to the quasi giga band (800 MHz- 2.6 GHz
It is suitable to be installed in the housings of various portable wireless devices (strips).

(3) Not only the resonance frequency and the Q value of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna but also the re-radiation from the entire surface of the antenna cap 9 by selecting the material and the dielectric constant of the dielectric material forming the antenna cap 9. The resonance voltage of the generated electromagnetic wave, that is, the antenna gain can also be arbitrarily selected. For example, the resonance frequency and the Q value of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna can be lowered to have wide band characteristics, and the antenna gain can be changed.

Table 1 at the end shows resonance frequencies fo and Q when antenna caps 9 having the same shape but different dielectric materials are mounted in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna shown in FIG.
Value, resonance output voltage value, and absolute gain Ga value of the antenna. As described above, the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT is an antenna that radiates a spherical wave of an equiphase surface that does not have a specified polarization plane, and the quality of the radiated radio wave is a reference λ / 2 dipole antenna ( Dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT, since it is different from (measurement = rod-shaped wave source)
Is inconvenient to compare with a reference λ / 2 dipole antenna. Therefore, a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna equipped with an antenna cap 9 made of Teflon (dielectric constant 2.1) whose permittivity is close to that of air and whose dielectric loss is extremely small is a virtual isotropic antenna (Isotorpec Antenna).
Paying attention to the fact that it is close to the radiation characteristic of a), this antenna is used as a reference antenna with an absolute gain of 1.0 dB (Table 1).
No. 3) The absolute gain Ga when the antenna cap made of various dielectric materials was attached was determined.

As shown in Table 1, an arbitrary antenna gain can be obtained by selecting a dielectric material for forming the antenna cap 9. For example, the antenna cap 9 made of Teflon can be replaced with the one shown in No. 1 of Table 1. The absolute gain Ga of the antenna is improved to 1.17 dB simply by replacing the dielectric plastic (Ultem) of No. 15 with No. 15 in Table 1. If the antenna cap 9 made of No. 11 dielectric ceramic (dielectric constant 40) is replaced, the absolute gain Ga of the antenna is 2.0.
It is improved to 1 dB. This value exceeds the absolute gain of 1.64 dB of the 1/2 wavelength dipole antenna. Further, N in Table 1
o. If the antenna cap 9 made of 1 dielectric ceramic (dielectric constant 93) is replaced, the absolute gain is 4.34 dB.
And a high gain spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna can be obtained. Moreover, in these cases, as can be understood from Table 1, since the resonance frequency fo and the Q value are lowered, the antenna has a wide band characteristic.

An antenna device having a structure similar to the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 will now be described. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the connection plug 18 of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT is inserted into the through hole 6 in the center of the matching conductor 7 and joined.
An antenna device equipped with an antenna cap 9 made of a dielectric ceramic surrounding the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT will be considered. In this antenna device, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 5, by adjusting the length from both ends of both bent sides 7 ′, 7 ″ of the matching conductor 7 to the antenna ANT, the high frequency transmitter and the antenna are However, as shown in Fig. 5, since the connecting plug 18 of the antenna ANT is directly connected to and joined to the matching conductor 7, as shown in Fig. 5, the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna. As described above for the characteristics unique to ANT, the matching coil 16 is wound around the power supply conductor 15 and insulated and held so as to be coaxial with the inner peripheral surface electrode 13, and power is supplied using a balun circuit that is electromagnetically coupled. Moreover, this antenna device is regarded as a point wave source, and since it forms a strong electric field layer of the same phase plane and radiates a spherical wave that does not have a specific plane of polarization in a concentric spherical shape, The conductor 7 is enclosed in the above-mentioned strong electric field layer, so that the radio wave of the spherical wave wraps around the back surface of the matching conductor 7 and the high-frequency current I flows on the outer peripheral surface of the connection plug 18, which is shown in FIG. As described above, even if both ends of the bent sides 7 ', 7 "of the matching conductor 7 are extended as shown by dotted lines, the matching with the antenna ANT cannot be perfectly achieved.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a through hole 2 having a size capable of inserting the connection plug 18 of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is formed in the substrate 1 made of a dielectric ceramic. The through hole electrode 3 is formed on the inner surface of the, and the connecting plug 18 of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is inserted into and bonded to the through hole electrode 3, and the dielectric 1 /
An antenna cap 9 surrounding the 4-wavelength excitation antenna ANT is attached. This is joined and mounted on a matching conductor 7 having a large through hole 6 (that is, a size sufficient for passing the connection plug 18) in the center. Further, the periphery of the upper surface of the substrate 1 and the side surface thereof are metallized to form a continuous ground plane electrode 5.

The thus constructed antenna device of FIG. 6 is, for example, a principle of operation of a conventional dipole antenna with a vertically polarized ground wire conductor (standing wave excitation type rod-shaped wave source), that is, the outer circumference of a coaxial cable. Antenna characteristics based on a principle completely different from the operating principle that a plurality of ground conductors are provided for the purpose of blocking high-frequency current flowing on the surface, and electromagnetic waves are hardly radiated from the ground conductors. Have That is, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the antenna ANT is insulated and held from the matching conductor 7 by the dielectric ceramic substrate 1, and the illustrated antenna device has resonance energy of a spherical wave having no specific plane of polarization, that is, the same phase. A strong magnetic field is induced on the surface of the matching conductor 7 provided in the strong electric field layer of the surface, the matching conductor 7 resonates, and reradiates a spherical wave radio wave upward. This radiation is a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna A
Combined with NT radiation.

In the antenna device shown in FIG. 6, by adjusting the length from the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT to both ends of the matching conductor 7, a high frequency current is applied to the outer peripheral surface conductor of the connection plug 18. Can be prevented from flowing and a nearly perfect matching state can be achieved, radiation near both ends of the matching conductor 7 can be strengthened, and the antenna gain can be improved. However, since spherical radio waves are radiated from both ends of the matching conductor 7 as well, when this antenna device is attached to a portable wireless device, the matching state and the radiation pattern depend on the position of the hand holding the portable wireless device and the human body. May be affected. Therefore, it is necessary to make the length from the antenna ANT to both ends of the matching conductor 7 as short as possible to suppress the lower radiation of the antenna and make the vertical in-plane directivity a dome-shaped pattern.

Based on the above consideration, the present invention has arrived at the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention. Dielectric ceramic substrate 1 made of dielectric ceramic in the strong electric field layer compressed to 1/4 wavelength, which is the resonance energy radiated by the antenna ANT.
Is provided, the reciprocating motion of the polarization charge is generated in the molecules or atoms of the dielectric ceramic that constitutes the substrate 1, and the charge appears on the surface of the substrate 1. A strong magnetic field is induced in the ring-shaped resonance electrode 4, causing the resonance electrode 4 to resonate. As a result, the radio wave of the spherical wave is re-radiated upward from the substrate 1 and is combined with the radiation of the spherical wave from the antenna ANT, and as a result, the vertical in-plane directivity becomes a dome pattern.

Further, by adjusting the length from the antenna ANT to the both ends of the matching conductor 7 joined to the lower surface of the substrate 1, the feeding coaxial cable and the antenna ANT are matched. As described above, since the resonance electrode 4 induces a strong magnetic field to cause resonance and re-radiates the spherical wave upward on the entire surface of the substrate 1, the spherical wave does not wrap around to the back surface of the matching conductor 7. The length of the matching conductor 7 from the antenna to both ends can be shortened.

The resonance frequency of the ring-shaped resonance electrode 4 in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention is determined by (1) selection of the dielectric constant and the thickness of the dielectric ceramic substrate 1.
(2) The capacitive reactance is increased or decreased by adjusting the distance between the inner circumference of the resonance electrode 4 and the outer circumference of the through-hole electrode 3, and (3) the outer circumference length of the resonance electrode 4 is changed to increase or decrease the derivative reactance component. That is, by adjusting the area of the resonance electrode 4 to increase or decrease the inductance component, (4) the length of the antenna cap 9 made of dielectric ceramic mounted on the resonance electrode 4 and the antenna cap 9 are configured. It can be adjusted by selecting the dielectric constant of the dielectric ceramic.

Next, a state in which the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention is mounted on a portable radio will be described. First, FIG. 7 shows an M for a 1500 MHz band mobile phone.
It shows a state in which the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention is mounted in the housing of a terminal for CA radio, specific low power radio, wireless microphone, etc., and the matching conductor 7 is opposed. The two surfaces to be fixed are fixed to the housing 24 by the screws 25.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show the case where the spherical wave radiation antenna device according to the present invention is mounted in the housing of a portable GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning device in the 1.7 GHz band. Since the radio wave from the position satellite is circularly polarized, the matching conductor 7 is a plane type, and the dielectric ceramic substrate 1, the ring-shaped resonance electrode 4, the matching conductor 7 and the housing 24 are all circular and are circular. The end portion of the matching conductor 7 is inserted and fixed inside the housing 28.

FIG. 10 shows a state in which the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention is mounted as an external antenna for a GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning device for a 1.7 GHz band moving body. A substrate 30 for a low noise amplifier circuit is provided on the lower side of 7, and its output is led by a coaxial cable and supplied to a GPS positioning device. Further, the end of the matching conductor 7 is fixed to the inner surface of the protective cover 31 made of a material having a good radio wave transmission property. The lower part of the protective cover 31 is attached to an appropriate place by a fixture 32.

Also in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the antenna and the feeding coaxial cable can be matched by changing the diameter of the disc-shaped matching conductor 7. . Needless to say, FIG. 8 to FIG.
The spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in (1) is not only for GPS communication but also for mobile communication for TV relay, primary radiator of parabolic antenna, personal radio, 1.2 GHz amateur radio, small size for external use such as MCA communication. It can also be used as an antenna.

Next, another embodiment of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, two dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas ANT ₁ and ANT ₂ having different resonance frequencies are installed in one housing. For example, in a simultaneous two-way communication system, one of these antennas is a transmit antenna,
The other operates as a receiving antenna. 11 to 13, the same reference numerals as those used in FIGS. 1 to 10 indicate the same constituent elements, and the subscript numeral 1 indicates the lower part of one of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antennas ANT ₁ . The numeral 2 attached indicates that it is a constituent element of the other dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT ₂ .

In particular, as shown in FIG. 12, annular resonant electrodes 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ having different outer peripheral lengths are provided on the upper surface of the dielectric ceramic substrate 1 at appropriate intervals, so that the substrate 1 A continuous ground plane electrode 5 is provided on the back surface of the, and the matching conductor 7 is provided with through holes 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ with an appropriate interval. As can be understood from FIG. 11, the operating frequency of the antenna ANT ₁ on the left side of the drawing is lower than the operating frequency of the antenna ANT ₂ on the right side, so that matching between these antennas and the coaxial cable for power feeding should be performed. to adjust the left and right of the folding edges 7 of the matching conductor 7 ', 7 different lengths of "folding edges 7 of the left from the antenna ANT _1'
Is longer than the distance from the antenna ANT ₂ to the edge of the right bent side 7 ″. The resonance frequency of each antenna depends on the length of the feeding conductor and the winding of the matching coil. Number, length of the dielectric ceramic cylinder,
It can be adjusted by selecting the diameter, the length of the outer peripheral surface electrode and the dielectric portion, the dielectric constant of the cylindrical body, and the like.

The spherical wave dielectric antenna device shown in FIG.
It is realized as an antenna device for a fusion terminal of a mobile phone of the band and PHS (Personal Handyphone System) communication of the 1.9 GHz band. Left antenna ANT ₁
For the 1500 MHz band, the right antenna ANT ₂ is 1.
It is for 9 GHz band. In addition, dual terminals for satellite mobile communication (iridium satellite) and mobile phone, integrated terminals for satellite mobile communication (iridium satellite) and PHS communication, and 800 MHz band mobile phone It can also be used for directional simultaneous communication systems and the like.

Also in this embodiment, similarly to the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG. 1, the resonance frequencies of the resonance electrodes 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ are adjusted, and the dielectric ceramic antenna cap 9 _{1 is used.} , 9 ₂ can be used to adjust the Q value of the antenna and the radiation gain of the antenna.

These dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas ANT ₁ and ANT ₂ can be regarded as point wave sources that radiate spherical waves having no specific plane of polarization, and "are resonant in a certain frequency band, Since it is an antenna with a structure peculiar to a dielectric ceramic resonator that "it does not resonate outside the band", it sharply resonates for radio waves with a frequency within the band assigned to each antenna and operates for transmission or reception. However, it does not resonate with radio waves of frequencies outside the allocated band. That is, the antennas ANT ₁ and ANT ₂ perform a filter operation. Therefore, even if these antennas are juxtaposed, it is extremely small that the transmitted wave goes around to the receiving antenna.

[0047]

As is apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention has the following special effects.

(1) As described above, the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention has a structure in which resonance is compressed to a quarter wavelength by each electrode provided in the dielectric ceramic cylinder. It is regarded as a point source antenna that radiates (CON mode) and excites in the entire cylinder to form a strong electric field layer of an equiphase surface and radiates radio waves of concentric spherical waves with the cylinder as the nucleus. Therefore, it has a dome-shaped radiation pattern instead of the figure 8 shape of the conventional standing wave excitation type antenna (linearly polarized rod-shaped wave source), and the polarization plane such as the valley of a high-rise building changes intricately. It is especially effective for communication in places where

(2) The lower radiation from the antenna is controlled by adjusting the size of the ring-shaped resonant electrode provided on the dielectric ceramic substrate and the length to the both ends of the matching conductor, thereby controlling the lower radiation from the antenna. A near perfect match with the cable can be obtained.

(3) Even when an antenna device for two-way simultaneous communication or a fusion terminal is configured, it is not necessary to provide an antenna duplexer with a large loss, and a band loss filter with a simple configuration and a low loss can be used. Since it is only necessary to connect to the transmission circuit and the reception circuit via an isolator etc.,
No diversity circuit is needed. Further, the individual dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas are antennas each having the shape of a ceramic resonator even if they are placed side by side at a close distance, so that the radio waves that wrap around each other are extremely small.

(4) Since the ring-shaped resonance electrode provided on the dielectric ceramic substrate re-radiates the spherical wave radio wave upward by the lower radiation of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna, As a result, the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention exhibits a dome-shaped vertical in-plane directivity, and the antenna gain is improved.

(5) The spherical wave radiating dielectric antenna device according to the present invention can obtain a desired antenna gain, unlike the GPS antenna of the conventional satellite positioning device having a high Q value and a narrow band and a low antenna gain. Therefore, the high gain, low miscellaneous amplifier required for the conventional GPS antenna can be omitted.

(6) The antenna device of the present invention is used for fixed stations and base stations for various communications, for mobile communications such as television relay,
It is extremely effective as an antenna device for various applications such as satellite mobile communications, and is most suitable for a primary radiator of a parabolic antenna as a point wave source that radiates spherical waves.

(7) If necessary, an antenna cap made of a dielectric ceramic is installed and the permittivity thereof is selected to obtain an antenna gain sufficient to cover the antenna loss due to the housing to which the antenna device is attached. it can.

[0055]

[Table 1]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an embodiment of a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention using a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 when a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and an antenna cap are removed.

4 is a sectional view of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a prototype antenna device similar to the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view of another prototype antenna device similar to the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an application example of a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another application example of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing still another application example of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention.

12 is a diagram for explaining the shape of a resonance electrode in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of FIG.

13 is a view for explaining the shape of a matching conductor in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Substrate 2: Through hole 3: Through hole electrode
4: Resonance electrode 5: Grounding electrode 6: Through hole
7: Matching conductor 8: Dielectric resonance part 9: Antenna cap ANT: Dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] July 30, 1996

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Document name] Statement

Patent application title: Spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device using dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna

[Claims]

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to the UHF band to the semi-giga band (8
A spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device to be installed inside or outside a housing of various portable wireless devices of 00 MHz to 2.6 GHz band, which is a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and a dielectric ceramic antenna. The present invention relates to a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device including a cap, a through-hole electrode, a dielectric ceramic substrate provided with an annular resonance electrode, and a matching conductor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional built-in antennas include loop antennas, helical antennas, and inverted F-type antennas, which are antennas resonated at 1/2 wavelength or 1/4 wavelength of the operating frequency. There are limited ways to improve gain. On the other hand, the external shape of various portable radios in the current UHF-quasi-giga band has been extremely miniaturized, and the antenna mounted on the above radios has a connector mounting type, a retractable storage type, a falling type, and a fixed type. Etc.,
In each case, the antenna protrudes from the housing to the outside. However, in terms of carrying and operation, the protruding antenna becomes an obstacle during work. For example, when operating a portable wireless device, it is said that the failure of the antenna section is most frequent because the antenna is pulled out and used.

A microstrip antenna in which a dielectric ceramic substrate having a high dielectric constant and a low loss is metallized in a spiral shape, a wave shape, or a digital shape is a terminal for PHS communication (personal handy phone system, which uses the 1.9 GHz band). Although it is the most suitable antenna for, the antenna stored in the housing is pulled out and used. GPS communication (Global Positioning System. 1.57 GHz)
The antenna used for) is a perfect microstrip antenna, so its Q-factor is high and is therefore a very narrow band receiving antenna.

However, in the current antenna, when the antenna is miniaturized and built in the housing of various portable radios, it is impossible to prevent the lower radiation of the antenna from wrapping around inside the device.
The directivity of the antenna and its matching degree deteriorate, and
The radiated power from the transmitter causes a dielectric loss depending on the material of the housing, and the radiation output is reduced, but it is not possible to obtain an antenna gain enough to cover the dielectric loss of the housing. Therefore, at the present time, in the UHF to quasi-giga band portable wireless device using the built-in antenna, the built-in antenna is not sufficient in radiation gain, and therefore is effective only for close-range communication, and the mobile phone with the built-in antenna is used. This is why wireless devices are said to be "terminals for very short distances."

Further, the above-mentioned PHS communication is 10 mw, and the specific low power communication (data transmission 1.2 GHz band) is 10 mw,
The indoor radio (data transmission 1.2 GHz band) is 100 mw, and the transmission output of each terminal is extremely small. When the above-mentioned various built-in antennas are provided in the housing, the misalignment between the antenna and the transmitter causes the radiation efficiency. And the directivity is disturbed by the material forming the housing.

By the way, the applicant has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 3-3449.
No. 04 (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-102720), a dielectric 1 having a principle different from that of a conventional standing waveform antenna.
We have proposed a / 4 wavelength excitation antenna. FIG. 14 shows the structure of this dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna 100. In the figure, a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna 100 includes a dielectric cylinder 101 having an appropriate length and inner and outer diameters. The inner peripheral surface electrode 102 is formed on the entire inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 101, and the one end surface electrode 103 is formed on the upper end surface of the cylindrical body 101. The inner peripheral edge of the one-end surface electrode 103 is the inner peripheral surface electrode 1.
02 is connected. On the other hand, an outer peripheral surface electrode 104 electrically connected to the one-end surface electrode 103 is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 101. Thus, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 101 is
A desired antenna characteristic can be obtained by being divided into a portion where the outer peripheral surface electrode 104 is formed and a portion 105 where the electrode is not formed, and by appropriately selecting the area ratio of these portions. The feeding conductor 106 having an appropriate diameter is coaxially inserted into the cylindrical body 101, and the central conductor 108 of the connecting plug 107 is electrically and mechanically connected to the lower end portion of the feeding conductor 106. The upper end portion of the power supply conductor 106 has a connecting member 10 having a connecting portion that makes electrical contact with the inner peripheral surface electrode 102.
9 and the feeding conductor 106 is fixed to the inner surface electrode 10
It is held coaxially with 2.

However, when matching the antennas by changing the contact length of the fixing metal fitting 109 that contacts the inner peripheral surface electrode 102, when the output of the transmitting section becomes large, the primary side and the secondary side are
Since the electrode on the next side is connected, there is a problem that the balance of the matching circuit is lost and mismatch occurs and the reflected power increases.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to:
UHF band to quasi-giga band (800 MHz to 2.6 GHz band)
Suitable for installation inside or outside various radios of
An object of the present invention is to provide a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device using a dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna,
A dielectric ceramic substrate having a size capable of receiving the base portion of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and having a through hole provided with a through hole electrode on the inner surface thereof, and the through hole on one surface of the substrate. A spherical wave comprising an annular resonance electrode formed at a distance from a hole electrode, a ground plane electrode formed on the substrate, and a matching conductor joined to the ground plane electrode. A radiating dielectric antenna device is provided.

The dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna is
A cylindrical body made of a dielectric material, an inner peripheral surface electrode formed on an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body, and a one-end surface electrode covering one end surface of the cylindrical body and electrically connected to the inner peripheral surface electrode. An outer peripheral surface electrode formed on a part of an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body and electrically connected to the one end surface electrode; and a power supply conductor provided inside the cylindrical body and magnetically coupled to the inner peripheral surface electrode. And a matching coil that is wound around the power supply conductor and has one end connected to the power supply conductor and the other end connected to the outer conductor of the connection plug.

In order to provide an antenna device for a simultaneous two-way communication system or a fusion terminal, a plurality of dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas having different operating frequencies may be provided. Also, an antenna cap made of a dielectric ceramic may be attached so as to surround the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration and operation of one embodiment of a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion other than the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna of the antenna device shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 3 shows a case where the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and the antenna cap are removed from the antenna device shown in FIG. And FIG. 4 shows the structure of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna shown in FIG. 1, respectively.

In these figures, the base (connecting plug 18) of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is formed in a dielectric ceramic substrate 1 and a through hole 2 having a through hole electrode 3 formed on the inner surface thereof. Is inserted and joined. Board 1
An annular resonance electrode 4 is provided on the upper surface of the substrate 1 so as to surround the through-hole 2 and keep an appropriate distance from the through-hole 2, while the first surface of the lower surface of the substrate 1 is left with a predetermined portion surrounding the through-hole 2. A ground electrode is formed, a second ground electrode electrically connected to the first ground electrode is formed on the side surface of the substrate 1, and a continuous ground plane electrode 5 is thus provided. A matching conductor 7 provided with a through hole 6 large enough for the base of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT to pass through is joined to the ground plane electrode 5 to form a dielectric resonance part 8. In this embodiment, the parts on both sides of the matching conductor 7 are bent downward to form the bent side 7 ',
7 ″. Further, if necessary, an antenna cap 9 made of a dielectric ceramic is attached so as to surround the dielectric ¼ wavelength excitation antenna ANT. The antenna cap 9 is placed on the resonance electrode 4. For mounting, the cut end of the antenna cap 9 may be metallized, and this portion may be bonded to the resonance electrode 4 as indicated by reference numeral 27. To bond the two conductors, for example, cream solder may be used. Then, the conductors may be electrically and mechanically connected by soldering with hot air.

Dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT
Has a completely different radiation principle from the conventional standing wave excitation type antenna (for example, a half-wavelength dipole antenna that is a rod-shaped wave source), and can be regarded as a point wave source. Can radiate radio waves. As shown in FIG. 4, the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is
A cylindrical body 10 made of a dielectric ceramic having a dielectric constant of, for example, 40 to 120, and an outer peripheral surface electrode 1 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10.
1, one end surface electrode 12 formed on the upper surface of the cylindrical body 10 so as to be electrically connected to the outer peripheral surface electrode 11, and one end surface electrode 12 electrically connected to the entire inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10. The inner peripheral surface electrode 13 formed as described above and the dielectric portion 14 that is a portion of the cylindrical body 10 where the outer peripheral surface electrode 11 is not formed are provided. Inside the cylindrical body 10, a fixing portion 1 made of an insulator (for example, Teflon) is provided so that a matching coil 16 which is a balun composed of a power supply conductor 15 is coaxial with the inner peripheral surface electrode 13.
Fixed by 7. As a result, the matching coil 16 and the inner peripheral surface electrode 13 are magnetically coupled. The center conductor 20 of the connection plug 18 is connected to the feeding conductor 15 and also to the coaxial cable 19.

The dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT used in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention is compressed by the electrodes 11, 12 and 13 and resonates at 1/4 wavelength (TEM mode), This resonance energy is derived from the dielectric portion 14. That is, the entire cylindrical body 10 is excited, and a strong electric field layer having an equiphase surface is formed with the cylindrical body 10 as a nucleus. The resonance energy of the strong electric field layer is a radio wave of a spherical wave that concentrically spreads in the space with the cylindrical body 10 as a nucleus, and the compression of the above-mentioned compressed resonance energy is released, and the wavelength-constant normal energy is released. Until it becomes an electric field, it is considered to be a strong electric field layer having an equiphase surface.

As described above, the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is different from the conventional vertical standing waveform antenna.
The outer peripheral surface electrode 11 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10 is compressed and resonates at a quarter wavelength, and the entire cylindrical body 10 is excited.
The outer peripheral surface electrode 11, the one end surface electrode 12, the inner peripheral surface electrode 13, and the dielectric portion 14 form a balanced secondary circuit. Therefore, some kind of balun (balanced / unbalanced matching circuit) must be used in order to couple the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT to the connection plug 18 which is an unbalanced circuit having the center conductor 20. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the diameter of the power supply conductor 15, the outer diameter / thickness / material / outer diameter of the insulator of the insulated conductor whose one end is connected to the power supply conductor 15, the winding interval of the insulated conductor, and the number of turns. Etc. are appropriately selected to form the matching coil 16 to form a primary circuit. The other end of this insulated conductor is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the connection plug 18. The above-mentioned respective parts are changed and adjusted so that self-resonance occurs near the target frequency. By doing so, since the primary circuit is configured as described above, self-resonance with a wide frequency bandwidth can be obtained.

As described above, in the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT, the feeding conductor 15 is fixed by the fixing portion 17 on the one end face electrode 12 of the cylindrical body 10 made of a dielectric ceramic having a dielectric constant of 100, for example. A connection plug 18 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 10.
A coaxial cable 19 is connected via the, and this feeds the antenna. Since this dielectric ¼ wavelength excitation antenna ANT is an antenna formed by combining a dielectric ceramic cylinder 10 with electrodes, conductors and dielectrics different from it, it is possible to realize a strong electric field layer. The vertical in-plane directivity of the spherical liquid in all directions is a vertically elongated figure-eight pattern. That is,
The radiation pattern has defects in its upper part and lower part, and the radiation other than the missing part becomes a concentric spherical wave and spreads directly in the entire circumferential direction. Moreover, as a result of actual measurement, the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT is an antenna that does not have a specific plane of polarization such as vertical polarization or horizontal polarization, and is formed by a conventional standing wave excitation antenna (rod source). The radiation principle is fundamentally different from that of the figure 8 pattern.

The characteristic points of the dielectric ¼ wavelength excitation antenna ANT are as follows.

(1) In order to obtain a desired center frequency and Q value, the permittivity / shape / dimension of the cylindrical body 10 and the ratio of the lengths of the outer peripheral surface electrode 11 and the dielectric portion 14 provided on the cylindrical body 10 are determined. Etc. may be selected.

(2) As described above, the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT has a structure that allows the electrodes 11, 12, 13 provided on the dielectric ceramic cylindrical body 10 to form a 1/4 wavelength. A resonance (TEM mode) that is compressed by is generated to excite the entire cylindrical body 10 to form a strong electric field layer having an equiphase surface, and the cylindrical body 10 is used as a core to radiate a concentric spherical wave. Even if a conductor (metal conductor, water droplets, human body, etc.) comes close to the dielectric ¼-wavelength excitation antenna ANT at a very short distance, the influence on the antenna radiation efficiency and the antenna impedance is extremely small.

(3) Dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna A
As described above, NT has an equal phase until the resonance energy compressed to 1/4 wavelength forms a strong electric field layer and the compression of the strong electric field layer is released to become a normal electric field in terms of wavelength. Since it is considered to radiate radio waves of spherical waves on the surface and can be regarded as a point wave source, a metal conductor (for example, a reflector) placed very close to the wave source, that is, the antenna ANT in the above-mentioned strong electric field layer. , Plate-shaped conductor, bar-shaped conductor, dielectric substrate having one side as a continuous ground plane, etc.)
The emission of NT can be controlled easily. In other words, this spherical wave is suppressed and compressed by the metal conductor.
It may be considered that a kind of electromagnetic horn (trumpet) that is resonated (excited) and released in a specific circumferential direction is configured, and a spherical wave radio wave is directly radiated into space.

(4) Dielectric 1/4 Wave Excitation Antenna A
Since NT is an antenna for spherical wave radiation that does not have a specified plane of polarization, when these metal conductors are directly connected to the ground plane or the connection plug, the metal conductors are greatly sneak to the back surface.
In order to prevent this, for example, the metal conductor must be floated from the ground or from the connection plug / coaxial cable or the like to be insulated and held by a dielectric material such as Teflon having a low dielectric loss / dielectric constant. Further, even when the metal conductor is grounded and held, the metal conductor does not interfere with the antenna ANT.
Since it is surrounded by the strong electric field layer and a strong magnetic field is induced on the back surface of the metal conductor to radiate an electric field in the direction perpendicular to the strong magnetic field, it is possible to obtain radiation that is almost omnidirectional.

(5) The dielectric constant of the current dielectric ceramic material that can be used for the cylindrical body 10 made of dielectric ceramic is 110.
The resonance efficiency is improved by changing the dielectric material of the cylindrical body 10, but there is a limit to the improvement of the antenna gain.

(6) As described above, the dielectric quarter wave excitation antenna ANT that radiates the spherical wave can be easily selected by simply selecting the dielectric constant of the dielectric material of the antenna cap 9. Gain is obtained.

The spherical-wave radiation dielectric antenna according to the present invention is weatherproof, and the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is used.
In order to gently change the resonance frequency of the antenna, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an appropriate length having an inner peripheral surface with an appropriate distance from each part of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is provided. It is preferable to mount an antenna cap 9 made of a dielectric material having inner and outer diameters. By doing so, the following operational effects are exhibited.

(1) Since the inner peripheral surface of the antenna cap 9 is kept at an appropriate distance from each part of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT, the resonance energy radiated from the entire surface of the antenna ANT is the antenna cap. Since electromagnetic waves are radiated again through the antenna 9, the influence on the characteristic impedance of the antenna due to the object approaching the antenna ANT is extremely small.

(2) The dielectric material forming the antenna cap 9 increases the radiation area of the electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave is re-radiated not only from all side surfaces of the antenna cap 9 but also from the upper surface thereof. The directivity of the body antenna is a vertically long 8-shaped pattern instead of the 8-shaped pattern as in the conventional vertical standing wave excitation antenna. When the permittivity of the antenna cap 9 is increased, the radiation pattern becomes cocoon type. Therefore, the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna according to the present invention has an antenna gain in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction (upward direction), so that a small and highly efficient antenna can be obtained, and the UHF band to the quasi giga band (800 MHz- 2.6 GHz
It is suitable to be installed in the housings of various portable wireless devices (strips).

(3) Not only the resonance frequency and the Q value of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna but also the re-radiation from the entire surface of the antenna cap 9 by selecting the material and the dielectric constant of the dielectric material forming the antenna cap 9. The resonance voltage of the generated electromagnetic wave, that is, the antenna gain can also be arbitrarily selected. For example, the resonance frequency and the Q value of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna can be lowered to have wide band characteristics, and the antenna gain can be changed.

Table 1 at the end shows resonance frequencies fo and Q when antenna caps 9 having the same shape but different dielectric materials are mounted in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna shown in FIG.
Value, resonance output voltage value, and absolute gain Ga value of the antenna. As described above, the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT is an antenna that radiates a spherical wave of an equiphase surface that does not have a specified polarization plane, and the quality of the radiated radio wave is a reference λ / 2 dipole antenna ( Dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT, since it is different from (measurement = rod-shaped wave source)
Is inconvenient to compare with a reference λ / 2 dipole antenna. Therefore, a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna equipped with an antenna cap 9 made of Teflon (dielectric constant 2.1) whose dielectric constant is close to that of air and whose dielectric loss is extremely small is a virtual isotropic antenna (Isotropic Antenna).
Paying attention to the fact that it is close to the radiation characteristic of a), this antenna is used as a reference antenna with an absolute gain of 1.0 (N in Table 1).
o. 3) The absolute gain Ga when the antenna cap made of various dielectric materials was attached was determined.

As shown in Table 1, an arbitrary antenna gain can be obtained by selecting a dielectric material for forming the antenna cap 9. For example, the antenna cap 9 made of Teflon can be replaced with the No. The absolute gain Ga of the antenna is improved to 1.17 by simply replacing it with a dielectric plastic (Ultem) of No. 15 and No. 15 in Table 1. If the antenna cap 9 made of No. 11 dielectric ceramic (dielectric constant 40) is replaced, the absolute gain Ga of the antenna is improved to 2.01. This value exceeds the absolute gain of 1.64 of the 1/2 wavelength dipole antenna. Further, No. 1 in Table 1 If the antenna cap 9 made of No. 1 dielectric ceramic (dielectric constant 93) is replaced, the absolute gain becomes a large value of 4.34, and a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna with high gain can be obtained.
Moreover, in these cases, as can be understood from Table 1, since the resonance frequency fo and the Q value are lowered, the antenna has a wide band characteristic.

An antenna device having a structure similar to the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 will now be described. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the connection plug 18 of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT is inserted into the through hole 6 in the center of the matching conductor 7 and joined.
An antenna device equipped with an antenna cap 9 made of a dielectric ceramic surrounding the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT will be considered. In this antenna device, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 5, by adjusting the lengths from both ends of both bent sides 7 ', 7 "of the matching conductor 7 to the antenna ANT, the high-frequency transmitter and the antenna A are adjusted.
It can be matched with NT. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the matching conductor 7 is connected to the connecting plug 1 of the antenna ANT.
Since 8 are directly connected and joined, as described above regarding the unique characteristics of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT, the matching coil 16 is wound around the feeding conductor 15 so as to be coaxial with the inner peripheral surface electrode 13. It is a perfect balanced circuit antenna that is insulated and held so that it is fed by using a balun circuit that is electromagnetically coupled. Moreover, since this antenna device is regarded as a point wave source and forms a strong electric field layer having the same phase plane to radiate a spherical wave having no specific plane of polarization in a concentric spherical shape, the matching conductor 7 has the above-mentioned strong electric field. Wrapped in layers. Therefore, the radio wave of the spherical wave wraps around the back surface of the matching conductor 7 and the high-frequency current I flows on the outer peripheral surface of the connection plug 18, so that as shown in FIG. Even if both ends of 7 ″ are extended as shown by dotted lines, it is not possible to perfectly match with the antenna ANT.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a through hole 2 having a size capable of inserting the connection plug 18 of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is formed in the substrate 1 made of a dielectric ceramic. The through hole electrode 3 is formed on the inner surface of the, and the connecting plug 18 of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT is inserted into and bonded to the through hole electrode 3, and the dielectric 1 /
An antenna cap 9 surrounding the 4-wavelength excitation antenna ANT is attached. This is joined and mounted on a matching conductor 7 having a large through hole 6 (that is, a size sufficient for passing the connection plug 18) in the center. Further, the periphery of the upper surface of the substrate 1 and the side surface thereof are metallized to form a continuous ground plane electrode 5.

The thus constructed antenna device of FIG. 6 is, for example, a principle of operation of a conventional dipole antenna with a vertically polarized ground wire conductor (standing wave excitation type rod-shaped wave source), that is, the outer circumference of a coaxial cable. Antenna characteristics based on a principle completely different from the operating principle that a plurality of ground conductors are provided for the purpose of blocking high-frequency current flowing on the surface, and electromagnetic waves are hardly radiated from the ground conductors. Have That is, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the antenna ANT is insulated and held from the matching conductor 7 by the dielectric ceramic substrate 1, and the illustrated antenna device has resonance energy of a spherical wave having no specific plane of polarization, that is, the same phase. A strong magnetic field is induced on the surface of the matching conductor 7 provided in the strong electric field layer of the surface, the matching conductor 7 resonates, and reradiates a spherical wave radio wave upward. This radiation is a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna A
Combined with NT radiation.

In the antenna device shown in FIG. 6, by adjusting the length from the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna ANT to both ends of the matching conductor 7, a high frequency current is applied to the outer peripheral surface conductor of the connection plug 18. Can be prevented from flowing and a nearly perfect matching state can be achieved, radiation near both ends of the matching conductor 7 can be strengthened, and the antenna gain can be improved. However, since spherical radio waves are radiated from both ends of the matching conductor 7 as well, when this antenna device is attached to a portable wireless device, the matching state and the radiation pattern depend on the position of the hand holding the portable wireless device and the human body. May be affected. Therefore, it is necessary to make the length from the antenna ANT to both ends of the matching conductor 7 as short as possible to suppress the lower radiation of the antenna and make the vertical in-plane directivity a dome-shaped pattern.

Based on the above consideration, the present invention has arrived at the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention. Dielectric ceramic substrate 1 made of dielectric ceramic in the strong electric field layer compressed to 1/4 wavelength, which is the resonance energy radiated by the antenna ANT.
Is provided, the reciprocating motion of the polarization charge is generated in the molecules or atoms of the dielectric ceramic that constitutes the substrate 1, and the charge appears on the surface of the substrate 1. A strong magnetic field is induced in the ring-shaped resonance electrode 4, causing the resonance electrode 4 to resonate. As a result, the radio wave of the spherical wave is re-radiated upward from the substrate 1 and is combined with the radiation of the spherical wave from the antenna ANT, and as a result, the vertical in-plane directivity becomes a dome pattern.

Further, by adjusting the length from the antenna ANT to the both ends of the matching conductor 7 joined to the lower surface of the substrate 1, the feeding coaxial cable and the antenna ANT are matched. As described above, since the resonance electrode 4 induces a strong magnetic field to cause resonance and re-radiates the spherical wave upward on the entire surface of the substrate 1, the spherical wave does not wrap around to the back surface of the matching conductor 7. The length of the matching conductor 7 from the antenna to both ends can be shortened.

The resonance frequency of the ring-shaped resonance electrode 4 in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention is determined by (1) selection of the dielectric constant and the thickness of the dielectric ceramic substrate 1.
(2) The capacitive reactance is increased or decreased by adjusting the distance between the inner circumference of the resonance electrode 4 and the outer circumference of the through-hole electrode 3, and (3) the outer circumference length of the resonance electrode 4 is changed to increase or decrease the derivative reactance component. That is, by adjusting the area of the resonance electrode 4 to increase or decrease the inductance component, (4) the length of the antenna cap 9 made of dielectric ceramic mounted on the resonance electrode 4 and the antenna cap 9 are configured. It can be adjusted by selecting the dielectric constant of the dielectric ceramic.

Next, a state in which the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of the present invention is mounted on a portable radio will be described. First, FIG. 7 shows an M for a 1500 MHz band mobile phone.
It shows a state in which the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention is mounted in the housing of a terminal for CA radio, specific low power radio, wireless microphone, etc., and the matching conductor 7 is opposed. The two surfaces to be fixed are fixed to the housing 24 by the screws 25.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show the case where the spherical wave radiation antenna device according to the present invention is mounted in the housing of a portable GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning device in the 1.7 GHz band. Since the radio wave from the position satellite is circularly polarized, the matching conductor 7 is a plane type, and the dielectric ceramic substrate 1, the ring-shaped resonance electrode 4, the matching conductor 7 and the housing 24 are all circular and are circular. The end portion of the matching conductor 7 is inserted and fixed inside the housing 28.

FIG. 10 shows a state in which the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention is mounted as an external antenna for a GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning device for a 1.7 GHz band moving body. A substrate 30 for a low noise amplifier circuit is provided on the lower side of 7, and its output is led by a coaxial cable and supplied to a GPS positioning device. Further, the end of the matching conductor 7 is fixed to the inner surface of the protective cover 31 made of a material having a good radio wave transmission property. The lower part of the protective cover 31 is attached to an appropriate place by a fixture 32.

Also in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the antenna and the feeding coaxial cable can be matched by changing the diameter of the disc-shaped matching conductor 7. . Needless to say, FIG. 8 to FIG.
The spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in (1) is not only for GPS communication but also for mobile communication for TV relay, primary radiator of parabolic antenna, personal radio, 1.2 GHz amateur radio, small size for external use such as MCA communication. It can also be used as an antenna.

Next, another embodiment of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, two dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas ANT ₁ and ANT ₂ having different resonance frequencies are installed in one housing. For example, in a simultaneous two-way communication system, one of these antennas is a transmit antenna,
The other operates as a receiving antenna. 11 to 13, the same reference numerals as those used in FIGS. 1 to 10 indicate the same constituent elements, and the subscript numeral 1 indicates the lower part of one of the dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antennas ANT ₁ . The numeral 2 attached indicates that it is a constituent element of the other dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna ANT ₂ .

In particular, as shown in FIG. 12, annular resonant electrodes 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ having different outer peripheral lengths are provided on the upper surface of the dielectric ceramic substrate 1 at appropriate intervals, so that the substrate 1 A continuous ground plane electrode 5 is provided on the back surface of the, and the matching conductor 7 is provided with through holes 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ with an appropriate interval. As can be understood from FIG. 11, the operating frequency of the antenna ANT ₁ on the left side of the drawing is lower than the operating frequency of the antenna ANT ₂ on the right side, so that matching between these antennas and the coaxial cable for power feeding should be performed. to adjust the left and right of the folding edges 7 of the matching conductor 7 ', 7 different lengths of "folding edges 7 of the left from the antenna ANT _1'
Is longer than the distance from the antenna ANT ₂ to the edge of the right bent side 7 ″. The resonance frequency of each antenna depends on the length of the feeding conductor and the winding of the matching coil. Number, length of the dielectric ceramic cylinder,
It can be adjusted by selecting the diameter, the length of the outer peripheral surface electrode and the dielectric portion, the dielectric constant of the cylindrical body, and the like.

The spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG.
It is realized as an antenna device for a fusion terminal of a mobile phone of the z band and PHS (Personal Handyphone System) communication of the 1.9 GHz band. Left antenna ANT
₁ is for 1500 MHz band, the right antenna ANT ₂ is 1.
It is for 9 GHz band. In addition, dual terminals for satellite mobile communication (iridium satellite) and mobile phone, integrated terminals for satellite mobile communication (iridium satellite) and PHS communication, and 800 MHz band mobile phone It can also be used for directional simultaneous communication systems and the like.

Also in this embodiment, similarly to the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG. 1, the resonance frequencies of the resonance electrodes 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ are adjusted, and the dielectric ceramic antenna cap 9 _{1 is used.} , 9 ₂ can be used to adjust the Q value of the antenna and the radiation gain of the antenna.

These dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas ANT ₁ and ANT ₂ can be regarded as point wave sources that radiate spherical waves having no specific plane of polarization, and "are resonant in a certain frequency band, Since it is an antenna with a structure peculiar to a dielectric ceramic resonator that "it does not resonate outside the band", it sharply resonates for radio waves with a frequency within the band assigned to each antenna and operates for transmission or reception. However, it does not resonate with radio waves of frequencies outside the allocated band. That is, the antennas ANT ₁ and ANT ₂ perform a filter operation. Therefore, even if these antennas are juxtaposed, it is extremely small that the transmitted wave goes around to the receiving antenna.

[0047]

As is apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention has the following special effects.

(1) As described above, the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention has a structure in which resonance is compressed to a quarter wavelength by each electrode provided in the dielectric ceramic cylinder. It is regarded as a point source antenna that radiates (CON mode) and excites in the entire cylinder to form a strong electric field layer of an equiphase surface and radiates radio waves of concentric spherical waves with the cylinder as the nucleus. Therefore, it has a dome-shaped radiation pattern instead of the figure 8 shape of the conventional standing wave excitation type antenna (linearly polarized rod-shaped wave source), and the polarization plane such as the valley of a high-rise building changes intricately. It is especially effective for communication in places where

(2) The lower radiation from the antenna is controlled by adjusting the size of the ring-shaped resonant electrode provided on the dielectric ceramic substrate and the length to the both ends of the matching conductor, thereby controlling the lower radiation from the antenna. A near perfect match with the cable can be obtained.

(3) Even when an antenna device for two-way simultaneous communication or a fusion terminal is configured, it is not necessary to provide an antenna duplexer with a large loss, and a band loss filter with a simple configuration and a low loss can be used. Since it is only necessary to connect to the transmission circuit and the reception circuit via an isolator etc.,
No diversity circuit is needed. Further, the individual dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas are antennas each having the shape of a ceramic resonator even if they are placed side by side at a close distance, so that the radio waves that wrap around each other are extremely small.

(4) Since the ring-shaped resonance electrode provided on the dielectric ceramic substrate re-radiates the spherical wave radio wave upward by the lower radiation of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna, As a result, the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention exhibits a dome-shaped vertical in-plane directivity, and the antenna gain is improved.

(5) The spherical wave radiating dielectric antenna device according to the present invention can obtain a desired antenna gain, unlike the GPS antenna of the conventional satellite positioning device having a high Q value and a narrow band and a low antenna gain. Therefore, the high-gain low-noise amplifier required for the conventional GPS antenna can be omitted.

(6) The antenna device of the present invention is used for fixed stations and base stations for various communications, for mobile communications such as television relay,
It is extremely effective as an antenna device for various applications such as satellite mobile communications, and is most suitable for a primary radiator of a parabolic antenna as a point wave source that radiates spherical waves.

(7) If necessary, an antenna cap made of a dielectric ceramic is installed and the permittivity thereof is selected to obtain an antenna gain sufficient to cover the antenna loss due to the housing to which the antenna device is attached. it can.

[0055]

[Table 1]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an embodiment of a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention using a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 when a dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and an antenna cap are removed.

4 is a sectional view of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a prototype antenna device similar to the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view of another prototype antenna device similar to the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an application example of a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another application example of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing still another application example of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to the present invention.

12 is a diagram for explaining the shape of a resonance electrode in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of FIG.

13 is a view for explaining the shape of a matching conductor in the spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 1: Substrate 2: Through hole 3: Through hole electrode
4: Resonance electrode 5: Grounding electrode 6: Through hole
7: Matching conductor 8: Dielectric resonance part 9: Antenna cap ANT: Dielectric 1/4 wavelength excitation antenna

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna, and a through hole having a size capable of receiving a base portion of the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna and having a through-hole electrode provided on an inner surface thereof. A dielectric ceramic substrate having, a ring-shaped resonant electrode formed at a distance from the through-hole electrode on one surface of the substrate, a ground plane electrode formed on the substrate, and bonded to the ground plane electrode. And a matching conductor and a spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device. 2. The dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna covers a dielectric cylindrical body, an inner peripheral surface electrode formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body, and one end surface of the cylindrical body. And one end surface electrode electrically connected to the inner peripheral surface electrode, an outer peripheral surface electrode formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body and electrically connected to the one end surface electrode, the cylindrical body A power supply conductor that is provided inside and that is magnetically coupled to the inner peripheral surface electrode, and is wound around the power supply conductor, and has one end connected to the power supply conductor and the other end connected to the outer conductor of the connection plug The spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a matching coil made of a conductor. 3. The spherical wave radiation dielectric antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of dielectric quarter-wave excitation antennas having different operating frequencies. 4. The spherical surface according to claim 1, further comprising an antenna cap made of a dielectric ceramic, which is fixed so as to surround the dielectric quarter-wave excitation antenna. Wave radiation dielectric antenna device.