JPH08312314A - Suction and exhaust valve device in internal combustion piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce the number of parts, to simplify a structure and to reduce vibrations and actuating sounds. CONSTITUTION: A piston 18 moved interlockingly with a crankshaft 20 is arranged in a cylinder 4 so as to be moved back and forth and a suction passage 7 and an exhaust passage 8 are provided in a cylinder head 5. The cylinder head 5 is provided with cylindrical suction side and exhaust side valve chambers 11 and 12 in parallel, respectively crossing the suction and exhaust passages 7 and 8 and penetrating the cylinder head 5. Both valve chambers 11 and 11 are penetrated rotatably by suction side and exhaust side rotary valve bodies 13 and 14 having valve ports 13a and 14a communicated with the suction and exhaust passages 7 and 8 and both rotary valve bodies 13 and 14 are interlocked and linked with the crankshaft 20 via interlocking means.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an intake / exhaust valve device for an internal combustion piston engine such as a gasoline engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An internal combustion piston engine generally includes a cylinder, a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder, a crank mechanism that converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into a rotary motion, and intake and discharge of a mixed gas into a cylinder combustion chamber. Each of them is configured by a supply / exhaust valve device that is regularly performed. Thus, the conventional air supply / exhaust valve device includes a reciprocating valve body that opens and closes the intake passage and the exhaust passage provided in the head portion of the cylinder, and an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing both valve bodies.

[0003]

A conventional air supply / exhaust valve device employs a reciprocating valve body, and an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the valve body has a camshaft, a tappet, a push rod, a valve lever, and a valve spring. Since it is configured by such as the above, there are problems that the number of parts is large, the structure becomes very complicated, and violent vibration and noise are accompanied during operation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a supply / exhaust valve device in an internal combustion piston engine which has a small number of parts and which can simplify the structure and reduce vibration and operating noise. The purpose is to provide.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a supply / exhaust valve device in which a piston 18 interlocking with a crankshaft 20 is reciprocally disposed in a cylinder 4 and an intake passage is provided in a cylinder head 5. In an internal combustion piston engine provided with an exhaust passage 7 and an exhaust passage 8, a cylindrical intake-side valve chamber 11 and an exhaust-side valve which cross the intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8 and penetrate the cylinder head 5 in the cylinder head 5. The chambers 12 are provided side by side, and the valve chambers 11 and 12 are provided with valve ports 13a and 14 which can communicate with the intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8, respectively.
intake side rotary valve body 13 and exhaust side rotary valve body 14 having a
Are rotatably penetrated, and both rotary valve bodies 13, 14 are
Is connected to the crankshaft 20 through interlocking means.

A second aspect of the present invention is the supply / exhaust valve device for an internal combustion piston engine according to the first aspect, wherein the interlocking means is
Pulleys 23 and 24 provided on the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14, respectively, a pulley 25 provided on the crankshaft 20, and a timing belt 26 suspended on these pulleys 23, 24 and 25. It consists of and.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a supply / exhaust valve device for an internal combustion piston engine according to the first or second aspect, wherein the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 are heat-resistant and resistant to outer peripheral surfaces, respectively. It is characterized in that it is provided with a wear-resistant airtight sealing material 15.

[0008]

In the supply / exhaust valve device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the valve ports 13a of the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 are provided.
If the positional relationship between the crankshafts 20a and 14a and the rotation ratio between the valve bodies 13 and 14 and the crankshaft 20 are appropriately set in accordance with the operation cycle of the internal combustion piston engine, the intake side is rotated as the crankshaft 20 rotates. The rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 respectively rotate, and both valve ports 13a and 14a are rotated.
It is possible to open and close the intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8 via the so that intake and exhaust can be performed regularly. The air supply / exhaust valve device is substantially different from the conventional air supply / exhaust valve device composed of many parts, and substantially includes two rotary valve bodies, namely, the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14. The structure is extremely simplified, and vibrations and noises are hardly generated during operation.

In the supply / exhaust valve device according to claim 2,
The interlocking means includes the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 1.
4, the pulleys 23, 24 provided on the crankshaft 20, the pulley 25 provided on the crankshaft 20, and the pulleys 23, 24, 2
By configuring with the timing belt 26 that is hung on the crankshaft 5, it is possible to accurately and smoothly interlock the rotary valve bodies 13 and 14 with the crankshaft 20.

In the supply / exhaust valve device according to claim 3,
By providing the heat-resistant and wear-resistant airtight seal material 15 on the outer peripheral surface of each of the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14, each valve body 13 with respect to the inner peripheral surface of each valve chamber 11, 12 is provided. , 14 and the frictional heat can be reduced.

[0011]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 exemplifies a 4-cycle 4-cylinder gasoline engine, and the internal structure thereof is shown in FIGS. This gasoline engine has a cylinder block 1 in which four cylinders 4 each having a piston sliding chamber 2 are arranged side by side, a cylinder head 5 continuous in the upper part of the cylinder block 1, and a cylinder head 5 in the lower part of the cylinder block 1. And a crankcase 3 having a crank chamber 3a. For each cylinder 4 in the cylinder head 5,
An intake passage 7 and an exhaust passage 8 communicating with a combustion chamber 6 of the piston sliding chamber 2 are provided, each intake pipe 7 of an intake manifold 9 is provided in the intake passage 7 of each cylinder 4, and an exhaust manifold 10 is provided in the exhaust passage 8. The exhaust pipes 10a are connected respectively. 4A shows the sectional shape of the intake passage 7, and FIG. 4B shows the sectional shape of the exhaust passage 8. Although the cylinder block 1, the cylinder head 5, and the crankcase 3 are actually formed as separate bodies,
In the drawings, they are integrated to simplify the illustration.

In the cylinder head 5, the intake passages 7 are provided.
An intake side valve chamber 11 and an exhaust side valve chamber 12 penetrating the cylinder head 5 are arranged side by side across the exhaust passage 8 and the exhaust passage 8, respectively, and the intake passage 7 is provided in each of the valve chambers 11 and 12. And a valve opening 13 that can communicate with the exhaust passage 8
A cylindrical intake-side rotary valve body 13 and exhaust-side rotary valve body 14 having a and 14a are rotatably pierced in an airtight state. Valve opening 13 of each rotary valve body 13, 14
a and 14a are the rotary valve body 1 as shown in FIG.
3 and 14 are provided so as to pass through in the diametrical direction, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is formed into a rectangular shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shapes of the intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8. 2 shows the intake side rotary valve body 1
Although only the valve port 13a of No. 3 is shown, the exhaust side rotary valve body 1
The valve opening 14a of No. 4 is completely the same as the valve opening 13a of the intake side rotary valve body 13.

Further, the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 are provided on their respective outer peripheral surfaces with an airtight seal material 15 made of a material having heat resistance and wear resistance, for example, a carbon material, in the circumferentially required space. It is installed every other time. This sealing material can maintain the close contact between the valve bodies 13 and 14 and the inner peripheral surfaces of the valve chambers 11 and 12, and reduce frictional heat generated during rotation. As shown in FIG. 5, the sealing material 15 is fitted through a spring member 17 into a groove 16 formed in the outer peripheral surface of each of the valve bodies 13 and 14 in the longitudinal direction thereof. Cylindrical valve chambers 11 and 12 by urging force
It is designed to be elastically contacted with the inner surface of the. The end surface of the sealing material 15 is formed in an arcuate cross section as shown in the drawing.

A piston 18 in each cylinder 4 is a crank arm 2 of a crank shaft 20 mounted on a crank case 3.
1 is connected via a connecting rod 19. FIG.
The positional relationship between the pistons 18 of the four cylinders 4 arranged in the cylinder block 1 is shown. The ignition order of these cylinders 4 is, for example, explosion, compression, exhaust, and intake positions in order from the left in FIG. ing. Incidentally, reference numeral 22 in FIGS. 1 and 3 denotes an ignition plug.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the cylinder head 5
Of the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 projecting from one end of the cylinder block 1 are attached with timing pulleys 23 and 24 having the same diameter. A timing pulley 25 having a diameter of ¼ of the diameter of each of the timing pulleys 23 and 24 is attached to the end of 20.
The timing belt 26 is stretched around these timing pulleys 23, 24, 25, and the intake side rotary valve body 13
The exhaust side rotary valve body 14 is rotationally driven in the same direction by the crankshaft 20, and the rotary valve bodies 13 and 14 rotate once every four rotations of the crankshaft 20.

Next, the operating state of the air supply / exhaust valve device having the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
And (A) to (D) of FIG.

First, FIG. 7 (A) shows the time point when the piston 18 is at the top dead center and the exhaust process of four cycles is completed. At this time, the valve opening 13a of the intake side rotary valve body 13 has the intake passage 7 Is in the closed state immediately before communicating with the exhaust passage, and the valve opening 14a of the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 is in the closed state immediately after the communication with the exhaust passage 8 is completed. From such a state, the crankshaft 20
Is rotated in the clockwise direction indicated by the arrow in the figure, the piston 1
At the same time as 8 descends and enters the intake stroke, the valve bodies 13 and 14 rotate at a rotation ratio of 1 to 4 with respect to the crankshaft 20 as the crankshaft 20 rotates, while the intake side rotary valve body 13 is rotated.
The valve opening 13a is gradually opened to communicate with the intake passage 7, and the mixed gas from the intake passage 7 is sucked into the combustion chamber 6. When the crankshaft 20 rotates 90 degrees from the position shown in FIG. 7 (A) to the position shown in FIG. 7 (B), its valve opening 13a coincides with the intake passage 7, and the valve is opened to the maximum extent.

When the crankshaft 20 further rotates 90 degrees from the position shown in FIG. 7B to the position shown in FIG. 7C and the piston 18 reaches the bottom dead center, the intake process is completed. At this time, the intake side rotary valve body 13 is in a state where the intake passage 7 is closed, and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 and the exhaust passage 8 are kept closed. The compression process is started as the piston 18 rises from the bottom dead center, and the crankshaft 20 is rotated 90 degrees from the position shown in (C), that is, the intermediate position of the compression process is shown in FIG. 7D.

The pressure of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 6 increases as the piston 18 approaches the top dead center.
Reaches the top dead center and the pressure of the mixture rises to the maximum,
That is, immediately before the compression process is completed, the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 6 is ignited by the ignition plug 22 to explode the mixed gas. FIG. 8A shows the state at the completion of this compression process. Show. At this time, in both rotary valve bodies 13 and 14, the valve openings 13a and 14a are substantially orthogonal to the intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8, that is, the valve openings 13a and 14a are sufficiently separated from the intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8. In the open position,
The intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8 are in the best closed state.

As described above, in a state where the intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8 are completely closed by the intake side rotary valve body 13 and the exhaust side rotary valve body 14, respectively, the air-fuel mixture explodes due to ignition by the ignition plug 22. The explosion process shown in FIG. This (B) shows the intermediate position of the explosion process in which the piston 18 is in the middle from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, and (C) of the same figure shows the explosion process completion position where the piston 18 reaches the bottom dead center. Shows. As is clear from these figures, at any of the above positions, the intake passage 7 and the exhaust passage 8 are
Is closed by an intake side rotary valve body 13 and an exhaust side rotary valve body 14.

As shown in FIG. 8C, at the time of completion of the explosion process, the valve opening 14a of the exhaust side rotary valve body 14 is in the closed state immediately before communicating with the exhaust passage 8, but the piston 18 is shown in FIG. The valve opening 14a gradually communicates with the exhaust passage 8 and opens as the exhaust process starts rising from the bottom dead center shown in (B) and the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 6 is opened by this valve opening. It is discharged from the exhaust passage 8 via 14a. Then, the crankshaft 20 rotates 90 degrees from the position of FIG. 8C, and the valve port 14a coincides with the exhaust passage 8 and opens to the maximum during the exhaust process as shown in FIG. 8D. The valve is turned on and
The exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 6 is completely discharged by the time the exhaust process is completed as shown in (A) of FIG. After that, a series of operations as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D and 8A to 8D described above is repeated.

Although the four steps of intake, compression, explosion and exhaust regarding one cylinder 4 have been described above, the relationship among the four cylinders 4 is as illustrated in FIG. Further, in this embodiment, the gasoline engine having four cylinders is exemplified, but the number of cylinders may be arbitrary. Further, the supply / exhaust valve device of the present invention can be applied to not only a gasoline engine but also a diesel engine.

[0023]

The air supply / exhaust valve device according to claim 1 of the present invention is substantially different from the conventional air supply / exhaust valve device having a complicated structure and consisting of a large number of parts. Since it is composed of two rotary valve bodies including the valve body, the structure can be remarkably simplified, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced, and the vibration and the operation noise are hardly generated during the operation. It can be lost.

According to the supply / exhaust valve device of the second aspect, the interlocking means includes the pulleys provided on the intake side rotary valve body and the exhaust side rotary valve body, and the pulley provided on the crankshaft.
By configuring with the timing belts that are hung on these pulleys, both rotary valve bodies and the crank shaft can be accurately and smoothly interlocked.

According to the supply / exhaust valve device of the third aspect, each valve is provided with the heat-resistant and wear-resistant airtight sealing material on the outer peripheral surface of each of the intake-side rotary valve body and the exhaust-side rotary valve body. It is possible to improve the airtightness of each valve element with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the chamber and reduce frictional heat.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of an internal combustion piston engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a rotary valve body.

3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the internal combustion piston engine shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

4A is a sectional view of an intake passage, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view of an exhaust passage.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory sectional view showing an airtight seal member provided on the rotary valve body.

6 is an overall schematic layout diagram of the internal combustion piston engine shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

7A to 7D are explanatory views of operating states of the supply / exhaust valve device.

8 (A) to (D) are explanatory views of the operating state of the supply / exhaust valve device, continuing from FIG. 7.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylinder Block 2 Piston Sliding Chamber 3 Crankcase 3a Crank Chamber 4 Cylinder 5 Cylinder Head 6 Combustion Chamber 7 Intake Passage 8 Exhaust Passage 9 Intake Manifold 9a Intake Pipe 10 Exhaust Manifold 10a Exhaust Pipe 11 Intake Side Valve Chamber 12 Exhaust Side Valve Chamber 13 intake side rotary valve body 13a valve opening 14 exhaust side rotary valve body 14a valve opening 15 airtight sealing material 18 piston 19 connecting rod 20 crankshaft 21 crank arm 22 spark plug 23 pulley 24 pulley 25 pulley 26 timing belt

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An internal combustion piston engine in which a piston interlocking with a crankshaft is reciprocally disposed in a cylinder, and an intake passage and an exhaust passage are provided in a cylinder head, wherein the intake passage and the exhaust passage are provided in the cylinder head. And a cylindrical intake-side valve chamber and an exhaust-side valve chamber, which penetrate the cylinder head, are arranged side by side, and both valve chambers have an intake side having a valve port that can communicate with the intake passage and the exhaust passage, respectively. A supply / exhaust valve device in which a rotary valve body and an exhaust side rotary valve body are rotatably penetrated, and both rotary valve bodies are interlockingly connected to the crankshaft through interlocking means. 2. The interlocking means comprises a pulley provided on each of the intake-side rotary valve body and the exhaust-side rotary valve body, a pulley provided on a crankshaft, and a timing belt suspended on these timing pulleys. A supply / exhaust valve device for an internal combustion piston engine according to claim 1. 3. The feed for an internal combustion piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the intake side rotary valve body and the exhaust side rotary valve body are provided with heat-resistant and wear-resistant airtight seal materials on their outer peripheral surfaces, respectively. Exhaust valve device.