JPH08310285A - Rear end collision shock reducing device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a rear end collision shock reducing device for a vehicle whereby impact force at collision time from behind can be effectively reduced to weaken impact force received by the human body so as to safely protect the human body. CONSTITUTION: In a rear end collision shock reducing device 1, base seats 2, 3 are mounted on a floor panel in a vehicle, to provide a guide rail 4 on this base seat. The guide rail 4 is turnably screw mounted on the base seat 3 also connected by the base seat 2 and a damper 7. An intermediate rail 5 is front/rear adjustably combined on the guide rail 4, further to set up on this intermediate rail a seat 6 front/rear slidably relating to the intermediate rail 5 through a seat mounting member 6a. The seat 6 and the intermediate rail 5 are connected by respectively mounting both ends of the damper, arranged in a space surrounded by the guide rail 4 and the intermediate rail 5, in a rear end of the seat mounting member 6a and in a front part of the intermediate rail 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rear impact collision mitigation device for a vehicle, which reduces the impact force from the rear when a vehicle such as a passenger car, a freight car, a truck, etc. is rear-impacted to protect the human body safely.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a vehicle is running or stopped and is hit by a rear-end collision from another vehicle, the rearward impact force transmitted from the vehicle body is applied to the human body through a seat.
Due to the inertia, the human body is in a state in which it looks backward and receives the same impact force. The position of the conventional seat can be adjusted, but since the vehicle body is fixed during driving, the impact from the rear is not substantially reduced, and the seat acts on the human body and acts so as to strongly move the human body backward. At this time, the body below the neck is immediately received by the seat, but since the head is usually separated from the upper part of the seat, only the head is swung backwards, which may cause personal injury such as whiplash of the neck. Was becoming.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The problems to be solved by the present invention are to solve the above-mentioned problems, to effectively reduce the impact force at the time of a rear-end collision, and to reduce the impact force received by the human body to ensure the safety of the human body. Another object of the present invention is to provide a rear impact collision mitigation device for a vehicle that protects the vehicle.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The constitution of the present invention which has solved the above problems is as follows: 1) A plurality of guide rails extending in the front-rear direction are parallel to each other on a pedestal attached to a floor panel below a seat. Mounting, mounting the intermediate rail to each guide rail so that it can slide in the front-rear direction, and providing a fixing means for fixing the intermediate rail to the guide rail. A rear impact collision mitigation device for a vehicle, which connects an intermediate rail and a seat through a damper that absorbs an impact force that attempts to move the seat backward, and a spring that biases the seat forward. The guide rail is rotatably attached to the rear side around the fulcrum at the rear of the pedestal, and the mount is mounted via a damper that absorbs the impact force that tries to rotate the guide rail to the rear side. The vehicle rear impact collision mitigation device according to 1), which has a spring for biasing the guide rail toward the pedestal as well as connecting the seat front portion and the guide rail. 3) Connecting the pedestal front portion and the guide rail. A piston with a piston rod that slides through the end face of the cylinder is installed slidably in the cylinder that contains the fluid as a damper, and a small hole through which the fluid passes with resistance is provided in this piston and the piston rod is in the cylinder. Adopting a structure in which a spring for urging a piston in the direction of pulling the piston is provided in the cylinder, the vehicle rear impact collision mitigation device according to 2) 4) A fluid is sealed as a damper that connects the intermediate rail and the seat. A piston equipped with a piston rod that penetrates the cylinder end surface and slides is provided slidably in the cylinder, and the fluid has resistance. 5. The vehicle rear-end collision according to any one of 1) to 3) above, which has a structure in which a small hole for passing through the piston is provided in the piston and a spring for urging the piston in the direction of pulling the piston rod into the cylinder is provided in the cylinder. Impact mitigation device 5) The cross section of the intermediate rail has a box-like structure with the lower side open, and the intermediate rail is arranged above the guide rail to form a space surrounded by the intermediate rail and the guide rail. A rear impact collision mitigation device for a vehicle according to 4), wherein a damper connecting the above is arranged in this space, and the end of the piston rod is connected to the rear of the seat and the opposite cylinder is connected to the front of the intermediate rail. is there.

In the damper including the fluid-filled cylinder of the present invention, a fluid such as oil or a gas such as air or nitrogen gas is used as the fluid to be filled in the cylinder.

[0006]

In the vehicle equipped with the vehicle rear impact collision reduction device according to the present invention, the fixing means is first released, and the seat is moved back and forth according to the seating position with respect to the guide rail for adjustment. After the position of the seat is determined, the fixing means is returned to fix the guide rail and the intermediate rail. During normal running or stopping of this vehicle, the seat is held in its position on the intermediate rail by the forward bias of the spring,
Does not move with respect to the car body. When a large impact force is generated in the front of the vehicle due to a rear-end collision of another vehicle or the like, the impact force tends to reach from the vehicle body to the seat and the human body sitting on the seat through the pedestal. At this time, the impact force acts on the seat and the human body in such a manner that the apparent rearward inertial force is replaced in the vehicle body, and overcomes the forward biasing force of the spring that holds the seat position, and is fixed to the vehicle body side. Move the seat and human body backwards with respect to the intermediate rail. At the same time, the damper that connects the intermediate rail and the seat seat absorbs the inertial force or impact force that moves the seat seat rearward, so that the seat seat slowly moves rearward. The human body on the seat moves uniformly backward, and only the head is prevented from swinging backward, and the force actually received by the head is reduced. After the impact force is absorbed,
The spring slowly moves the seat forward and holds it in its original position again.

In the structure in which the guide rail is rotatably attached to the rear portion of the pedestal, is connected to the front portion of the pedestal with a damper, and is pressed against the pedestal with a spring, the seat seat is spring-loaded during normal running or stopping of the vehicle. It is pressed against the pedestal by and does not move with respect to the vehicle body. When a forward impact force is applied to this vehicle, it acts as a backward inertial force,
By exceeding the pressing force of the spring against the pedestal, the seat and the human body together with the guide rail rotate rearward with respect to the pedestal. At the same time, the damper that connects the guide rail and the front part of the pedestal absorbs the inertial force, that is, the impact force that tilts the seat to the rear, so that the seat slowly rotates to the rear. The human body on the seat rotates rearward to maintain the orientation of the head relative to the body and reduce the force applied to the head.
Further, the seat seat and the human body move rearward with respect to the intermediate rail, and at the same time, the damper connecting the intermediate rail and the seat seat absorbs the impact force, whereby the seat seat and the human body slowly move backward. Seat The human body on the seat moves backwards uniformly, preventing only the head from being swung backwards, and the force received by the head is doubled. After the impact force is absorbed, the spring slowly returns the seat to the front side, the guide rail is pressed against the pedestal, and the original position is retained again.

In a structure in which the damper is a combination of a fluid-filled cylinder and a piston, a forward impact force is applied to the vehicle, and a backward inertial force associated therewith causes the respective members connected to the damper to separate from each other. When moving in the direction,
The cylinder and piston rod attached to each member are also pulled in the direction of extending the entire length of the damper. The piston rod and piston change position while sliding on the cylinder in response to the pulling force, but this pulling energy is consumed due to the passage resistance when the fluid in the cylinder moves through the small hole in the piston. To be done. As a result, the inertial force that moves each member in the pulling direction of the damper, that is, the impact force is reduced, and the damper is absorbed. The extended damper after absorbing the impact force slowly retracts the piston rod by the spring provided in the cylinder and returns to the original position, pulls the connected members together and returns the seat to the original position.

In the structure in which the damper is arranged in the space surrounded by the guide rail and the intermediate rail, when a forward impact force is applied to the vehicle, a backward inertial force acts on the intermediate rail fixed to the vehicle body. Seat Seat and human body move backwards. At this time, the damper connecting the intermediate rail and the seat is also pulled rearward by the piston rod attached to the seat with respect to the cylinder attached to the intermediate rail. As a result, the piston moves in the cylinder, energy is consumed due to the passage resistance of the fluid, and the impact force is absorbed by the damper. After absorbing the impact force, as the piston rod of the damper slowly returns to its original position due to the spring, the seat is pulled forward and returns to its original position.

[0010]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In this embodiment, a guide rail is rotatably attached to a rear portion of a pedestal, a damper including an oil-filled cylinder and a piston is arranged between the guide rail and an intermediate rail, and the guide rail and a front portion of the pedestal are connected to each other. This is an example in which a damper having the same configuration is provided. 1 is an explanatory view showing an operation state of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the embodiment, FIG. 3 is a front view showing the embodiment, FIG. 4 is a rear view showing the embodiment, and FIG. -A
Sectional drawing, FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing a main part of the embodiment, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an operation of a damper connecting an intermediate rail of the embodiment and a seat, and FIG. 8 is a guide rail of the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the damper which connects the front pedestal.

The rear-end collision impact reducing device 1 of this embodiment has pedestals 2 and 3 arranged at four corners in accordance with the mounting positions of the seat 6 on a floor panel 10 in a passenger car. Two guide rails 4 extending in the front-rear direction are provided so as to be parallel to each other. The guide rail 4 is hinged to the rear pedestal 3 so as to be rotatable, and is connected to the front pedestal 2 by a damper 7. An intermediate rail 5 for adjusting the front-rear position of the seat 6 is combined with the upper side of the guide rail 4 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction and restrained in movement in other directions. An adjuster lock 8 for fixing the position of the seat 6 to the intermediate rail 5 and fixing the intermediate rail 5 to the guide rail 4 is attached to the intermediate rail 5. Further, the seat seat 6 is installed on the upper side of the intermediate rail 5 in combination with the seat mounting member 6a of the seat seat 6 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction and restrained in movement in other directions. As for the seat 6 and the intermediate rail 5, both ends of the damper 7 arranged in the gap surrounded by the guide rail 4 and the intermediate rail 5 are attached to the rear end of the seat attachment member 6a and the fixed plate 5a at the front of the intermediate rail 5, respectively. Connect with. The damper 7 that connects the seat 6 of the seat and the intermediate rail 5 and the damper 7 that connects the guide rail 4 and the front pedestal 2 are small in that the oil 7g passes through the cylinder 7a containing the oil 7g with resistance. A piston 7b provided with a hole 7e is slidably combined, a piston rod 7c which penetrates the end face of the cylinder 7a and slides with the piston 7b is attached to the piston 7b, and the piston 7b is attached in a direction to pull the piston rod 7c into the cylinder 7a. A biasing spring 7d is provided in the cylinder 7a. Oil 7 is placed on each sliding part of the damper 7.
An oil seal 7f is attached to prevent leakage of g. In this damper 7, which connects the seat 6 and the intermediate rail 5, the tip of the piston rod 7c is the seat attachment member 6a, and the attachment shaft 7h extended from the tip of the cylinder 7a on the opposite side is the fixed plate 5a. Each is fixed. Further, in the damper 7 connecting the guide rail 4 and the pedestal 2 in the front, the tip of the piston rod 7c is connected to the guide rail 4
Is rotatably attached to the lower side of the front part of the cylinder, and the end of the cylinder 7a on the penetrating side of the piston rod 7c is partially rotatably attached to the front pedestal 2.

When a passenger vehicle equipped with the rear impact collision mitigation device 1 of the present embodiment is mounted, first, the adjuster lock 8 is moved to release the fixation of the intermediate rail 5 and the guide rail 4, and the intermediate rail 5 is adjusted in accordance with the seating position. The seat 6 is moved back and forth with respect to the guide rail 4 to adjust the position of the seat 6. When the position of the seat 6 is determined, the adjuster lock 8 is returned to the original position and the intermediate rail 5 and the guide rail 4 are fixed. While the passenger car is normally running or stopped, the guide rail 4 is moved by the spring 7d of each damper.
Since the seat attachment member 6a is pressed against and is held at a predetermined position on the intermediate rail 5, the seat 6 does not move with respect to the vehicle body. However, when a large impact force is generated forward on the passenger car due to a rear-end collision with another vehicle or the like, the impact force is applied from the vehicle body through the pedestals 2 and 3 to the seat 6
And the human body on the seat, and acts on the seat 6 and the human body in the form of an apparent rearward-directed inertial force, and each damper 7
The seat 7 and the human body slide rearward with respect to the intermediate rail 5 and rotate rearward with respect to the pedestals 2 and 3 by exceeding the forward biasing force of the spring 7d or the pressing force against the pedestal 2. At this time, the piston rod 7c fixed to the rear end of the seat mounting member 6a of the seat seat 6 is rearward facing the cylinder 7a of the damper 7 connecting the intermediate rail 5 and the seat seat 6 to the cylinder 7a fixed to the intermediate rail 5 fixing plate 5a. Be pulled. As a result, the piston 7b slides in the cylinder 7a, and the oil 7g thus pushed into the hole 7e of the piston 7b.
Energy is consumed due to the passage resistance when moving to the opposite side of the cylinder 7a through the damper 7, a part of the impact force is absorbed by the damper 7, and the seat 6 and the human body slide slowly. Since the human body including the head slides backwards uniformly, it is possible to prevent only the head from being shaken backward by the impact force. On the other hand, with respect to the damper 7 that connects the guide rail 4 and the front pedestal 2 and the cylinder 7a attached to the pedestal 2,
The piston rod 7c attached to the front part of the guide rail 4 is pulled upward. As a result, like the damper 7, energy is consumed and a part of the impact force is absorbed by the damper 7, so that the seat 6 and the human body slowly rotate. By rotating the human body to the rear side, the direction of the head on which the impact force acts is maintained with respect to the body, and the shake of the head is canceled. By sliding the seat 6 and the human body backward and rotating the body backward, the head is prevented from swinging against the body to protect the head, and by absorbing the impact force, the force applied to the human body can be reduced. It is reducing. After the seat 6 moves in this way and the impact force is absorbed, the piston rod 7c is slowly drawn into the cylinder 7a with the passage resistance of oil 7g by the spring 7d of the damper 7 connecting the intermediate rail 5 and the seat 6. At the same time, the seat 6 is pulled forward on the intermediate rail 5 and returned to its original position. In addition, a damper 7 that connects the guide rail 4 and the front pedestal 2
The spring 7d pulls the seat 6 toward the base 2 and returns it to its original position in the same manner as described above.

[0013]

According to the present invention, the seat seat can be slid back and forth, and the impact force acting on the seat is absorbed by the damper. The force received can be reduced, the human body can be protected safely, and it is possible to greatly reduce the number of personal accidents caused by a rear-end collision.

If the guide rail is rotatably attached to the rear portion of the pedestal, connected to the front portion of the pedestal with a damper, and is pressed against the pedestal with a spring, the direction of the impact force acting on the human body can be more easily directed to the human body. In addition to being able to change the direction to have less impact, the impact force is double absorbed to further reduce the force received by the human body, increasing safety.

If a damper is used in combination with a fluid-filled cylinder and a piston, a mechanism for effectively absorbing impact force can be realized in a compact size, and the damper installation position can be made less restrictive. It can be provided at a position where there is little danger of contact with the human body.

In the structure in which the damper is arranged in the space sandwiched between the guide rail and the intermediate rail, the damper part is hidden from the surface to save the installation space, and the possibility of contacting a dangerous moving part with the human body can be reduced. , Safe. Also, the shape of the device can be made almost the same as the support part of the conventional seat,
It can be easily attached to a conventional vehicle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an operating state of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example.

FIG. 4 is a rear view showing the embodiment.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing a main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the damper that connects the intermediate rail and the seat according to the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the damper that connects the guide rail and the front pedestal of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Rear-end collision impact reducing device 2 Pedestal 2a Damper support 3 Pedestal 3a Hinge 4 Guide rail 4a Damper mount 4b Hinge 5 Intermediate rail 5a Fixing plate 5b Seat rail 6 Seat 6a Seat mount 7 Damper 7a Cylinder 7b Piston 7c Piston Rod 7d Spring 7e Hole 7f Oil sheet 7g Oil 7h Mounting shaft 8 Adjuster lock 9 Nut 10 Floor panel

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of guide rails extending in the front-rear direction are attached in parallel to each other on a pedestal attached to a floor panel below a seat, and an intermediate rail is attached to each guide rail so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction. A fixing means for fixing the intermediate rail to the guide rail is provided, a seat is attached to each intermediate rail so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction, and a damper that absorbs an impact force that attempts to move the seat backward with respect to the intermediate rail is provided. The intermediate rail and the seat seat are connected with each other, and a spring for urging the seat seat forward is provided.
Rear impact collision reduction device for vehicles. 2. The guide rail is rotatably mounted rearward around a fulcrum at the rear of the pedestal, and is attached to the front pedestal through a damper that absorbs an impact force that tends to rotate the guide rail rearward. The vehicle rear impact collision reduction device according to claim 1, further comprising a spring that urges the guide rail downward toward the pedestal while connecting the guide rail. 3. A piston provided with a piston rod, which slides through the cylinder end face, is slidably provided in a cylinder in which fluid is sealed as a damper connecting the front part of the pedestal and the guide rail, and the fluid passes with resistance. The rear impact collision mitigation device for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a small hole is provided in the piston and a spring for urging the piston in a direction of pulling the piston rod into the cylinder is provided in the cylinder. 4. As a damper for connecting the intermediate rail and the seat, a piston provided with a piston rod that penetrates the cylinder end face and slides is slidably provided in a cylinder in which a fluid is sealed, and the fluid passes with resistance. 5. A rear impact collision mitigation device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a structure is provided in which a small hole is provided in the piston and a spring for urging the piston in a direction of pulling the piston rod into the cylinder is provided in the cylinder. . 5. The intermediate rail has a box-shaped structure with an open lower side, and the intermediate rail is disposed above the guide rail to form a space surrounded by the intermediate rail and the guide rail. 5. The vehicle rear impact collision mitigation device according to claim 4, wherein a damper connecting the above is disposed in this space, and the piston rod end is connected to the seat seat rear part and the opposite cylinder end is connected to the front part of the intermediate rail.