JPH08306472A - Planar heating element heated by voltage having wide range - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a heating element which is heated by a voltage having a wide range and can exhibit excellent cloudiness preventive effect and heating effect by dividing a metallic layer of a conductive film by carving and cutting a division insulating line. CONSTITUTION: A heating element (a) is formed as a structure by integrally forming a conductive film 2 in a layer shape on an upper surface of a base board 1. The base board 1 is constituted by using a synthetic resin film or a synthetic resin sheet such as polyester and polypropylene having heat resistance and flexibility. In the conductive film 2, a heating layer 22 is formed by sticking a metallic layer having low electric resistance to a surface of a base layer 21 made of a synthetic resin film, and a pressure sensitive adhesive layer 23 is formed on the reverse, and is integrally formed with the base board 1. The layer 22 of the film 2 is divided by carving and cutting a division insulating line 3 according to electric power consumption per unit area and using voltage, and an electrode 4 is connected to an electric conductor 41. Therefore, it can cope with use of voltage of 10 to 100 volt, and uniform heating can be performed over the whole surface.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention can be effectively used for antifogging and floor heating of a sheet-like heating element, especially a mirror installed in a humid place, and can be made thin and flexible. The present invention relates to a planar heating element that can be easily configured according to the operating voltage in a wide voltage band from a low voltage of about 10 V to 100 V.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Mirrors installed in humid places such as bathrooms and washrooms become cloudy as the indoor humidity rises and the temperature difference with the outside air spreads, making them suitable for proper use. Losing is often an experience.

As means for dealing with such a state, for example, as a measure against defrosting of the mirror, a constant space is formed on the back surface of the mirror so that a large temperature difference does not occur between the room temperature and the mirror surface temperature. To circulate a hot water pipe to heat the mirror, or to attach a heating wire such as a linear heater on the back of the mirror or a heating element made of a conductive material such as carbon on the substrate to raise the mirror surface temperature. It is known to be configured to correspond to anti-fog.

[0004]

However, among the countermeasures described above, in the structure in which the hot water pipe is arranged in the gap formed on the back surface of the mirror, the whole structure of the mirror, especially the structure having a large thickness becomes a very large structure. However, it has a drawback that it is heavy in weight and the manufacturing cost is high.

Further, in the case of a structure in which a heating wire is attached to the back surface of the mirror or a heating element made of a conductive material such as carbon is attached on the substrate, particularly in the former case, the linear heating element is in contact. Only the part and its surroundings are heated linearly,
It has been pointed out that it is difficult to heat the entire surface of the mirror flatly and uniformly. In the latter case, the electric resistance of the heating element used is generally high and it is possible to form a conductive film having uniform resistance. It is pointed out that it is difficult.

On the other hand, the conventional measures for floor heating have been generalized by a method of circulating a hot water pipe and a method of attaching a heating element made of a conductive material such as carbon, as in the case of anti-fogging measures for mirrors. As for the former, there is a drawback that the facility construction becomes large-scale and the manufacturing cost rises. Further, it has been pointed out that a heating element using a conductive material such as carbon generally has a high electric resistance and it is difficult to form a conductive film having a uniform resistance, as described above.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances and attempts to address these problems. It is easily attached to the back surface of a mirror installed in a humid place such as a bathroom or a washroom, or the entire floor. In addition, it is possible to heat the back surface of the mirror and the entire surface of the floor evenly and efficiently, and to provide a planar heating element that generates heat in a wide range of voltage range that can exhibit excellent anti-fog effect and heating effect. Is.

Another object of the present invention is to be thin, lightweight and flexible as a whole, and can be constructed at low cost, and further, the power consumption per unit square meter (the power consumption per unit square meter varies depending on the purpose of use). W / m ² ),
It aims to provide a planar heating element that generates heat in a wide range of voltage from a low voltage of about 10 V to a voltage of 100 V.

[0009]

A sheet heating element according to a first aspect of the present invention has a substrate 1 made of a synthetic resin sheet or film having a predetermined peripheral dimension and a peripheral dimension shorter than that of the substrate 1. A double-sided adhesive film b having the same size as the substrate 1 and excellent in waterproofness, moisture resistance, heat resistance and metal corrosion prevention is attached to a heating element a formed by integrating the conductive film 2 into a planar shape. Which is a sheet-like heat generating element, and the heat generating element a is provided on the surface side of the base layer 21 of the conductive film 2.
A heat generating layer 22 made of a metal layer having a predetermined resistance value is formed, and one or a plurality of partition insulating wires 3 are formed on the heat generating layer 22.
The conductive film 2 cut into pieces is laminated and integrated with the substrate 1, and one end of each of the two conductive bands 41 and 41 'is connected to the electrodes 4 and 4 formed on the heating layer 22. Then
The other ends of the two conductive bands 41 and 41 'penetrate through the guide hole 11 formed in the substrate 1 and are drawn out to the back surface side to be electrically connected to a power supply wire, which varies depending on the purpose of use W / m ^{For 2} , the electric resistance is changed by dividing the metal layer of the conductive film by dividing one or more partition insulation wires into a wide range from a low voltage of about 10 V to a voltage of 100 V. It is configured as a planar heating element that can be used with the voltage.

Particularly, in the sheet heating element according to the second aspect of the present invention, the partition insulating wires 3 ... 3 formed in the heating layer 22 are formed so as to divide the heating layer 22 evenly. In addition, the amount of heat generated can be made uniform over the entire surface of the heat generating layer 22.

The sheet heating element according to the third aspect of the present invention comprises a substrate 1 made of a synthetic resin sheet or film having a predetermined peripheral dimension and a conductive film 2.
Both the front and back surfaces of the laminate having the same dimensions as the substrate 1 in which the multilayer insulating film c is integrally laminated on the front surface side and the back surface side of the heating element a formed by integrating In addition, the substrate 1 made of a multilayer composite film having no water permeability, moisture permeability, and gas permeability is integrally covered with an outer cover d having a peripheral dimension longer than the peripheral dimension, and the coated outer cover d
Is a planar heating element whose peripheral portion is heat-sealed, wherein the heating element a has a heating layer 22 formed of a metal layer having a predetermined resistance value on the surface side of the base layer 21 of the conductive film 2. A conductive film 2 in which one or a plurality of partition insulating wires 3 are cut in the heat generating layer 22 is laminated and integrated with the substrate 1, and electrodes 4, 4 are formed in the heat generating layer 22.
One end of each of the two conductive bands 41 and 41 ′ is connected to the electrodes 4 and 4, and the other end of each of the two conductive bands 41 and 41 ′ is formed on the substrate 1. Depending on the purpose of use, the guide hole 11 and the through hole 11 'formed on the back surface side of the multilayer insulating film c and the back surface side of the outer cover d are penetrated to be drawn out to the back surface side and electrically connected to the power supply wire. To change the W / m ² , the electric resistance is changed by dividing the metal layer of the conductive film by cutting one or more partition insulation wires, and the electric resistance is changed from about 10 V to 100 V. It can be used in a wide range of voltage up to the above voltage, and is configured as a sheet heating element with high safety in terms of strength and electrical insulation.

Particularly, in the planar heating element according to the invention of claim 4, the partition insulating wires 3 ... 3 formed in the heating layer 22 are heating layers.
Since it is formed to divide 22 evenly,
The amount of heat generated can be made uniform over the entire surface of the heat generating layer 22.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment)

First, a first embodiment according to claims 1 and 2 of the present application will be described.

1 to 3 are plan views showing the construction of the sheet heating element according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 (a) is a sectional view showing the internal construction of the sheet heating element. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the terminal cover.

The sheet heating element generally indicated by A in FIGS. 1 to 4 comprises a heating element a and a double-sided adhesive film b covering the heating element a.

The heating element a has a structure in which a conductive film 2 having a dimension shorter than the peripheral dimension of the substrate 1 is integrated into a layer on the upper surface of the substrate 1.

The substrate 1 is formed by using a transparent or opaque synthetic resin film or synthetic resin sheet having heat resistance and flexibility. Examples of the synthetic resin used here include polyester and polypropylene.

A conductive film 2 laminated on the upper surface of the substrate 1.
Is a synthetic resin film base layer 21 and a heating layer 22 formed by adhering and forming a metal layer having a low electric resistance of 5 to 15 square ohms (Ω / □) or less on the surface of the base layer 21 by means of sputtering or the like. It has a structure. The range of the surface resistance value does not limit the scope of the present invention.

The conductive film 2 is integrated with the upper surface of the substrate 1 via an adhesive layer 23 formed on the back surface of the base layer 21 made of a synthetic resin film. Here, in this embodiment, a polyester film is used as the synthetic resin film.

Reference numeral 3 is a partition insulating wire for resistance change cut into the conductive film 2, and the metal of the conductive film 2 is selected according to the required power consumption W / m ² per unit area and the operating voltage. The layer is divided by cutting one or more partition insulation wires to change the electric resistance, and is configured to support a wide range of voltage from low voltage of about 10 V to voltage of 100 V. . Further, by dividing the heat generating layer 22 evenly by the partition insulating lines 3, ... 3, the resistance values of the respective divided heat generating layers 22 become equal, and the amount of heat generated is made uniform over the entire surface of the heat generating layer 22. be able to. (See FIGS. 1 to 3)

Reference numerals 4 and 4 denote electrodes formed on the upper and lower end portions or the left and right end portions (not shown) of the heat generating layer 22, which are made of conductive paint or the like that is applied and adhered onto the heat generating layer 22.

Conductive bands 41, 4 are provided at the ends of the two electrodes 4, 4.
One ends of 1'are respectively connected and electrically connected.

The conductive strips 41, 41 'are constructed by using a conductive tape or other electrically conductive material, and the other ends of the conductive strips 41, 41' are guide holes formed in the substrate 1. 11
Through, and is drawn out to the back surface side of the substrate 1 and then connected to the power supply wire 5.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a terminal cover mounted on the substrate 1. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the inside of the terminal cover is filled with a filler 61 made of butyl rubber having excellent waterproofness and moisture resistance, and the inside thereof. Is filled with a sealant 62 such as an epoxy resin to fix the connection between the conductive bands 41 and 41 'and the power supply wire 5 and to improve the insulating property.

The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive film b comprises a polyester film as a base layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive having excellent waterproof, moisture-proof, heat-resistant, and metal-corrosion preventive properties on its front and back surfaces. Is covered with a double-sided adhesive film b having the same peripheral dimensions as the substrate 1, and the peripheral edge portion is tightly closed to enhance the waterproofness and moistureproofness of the heating element a. With this double-sided adhesive film b, the sheet heating element A of the present embodiment adheres to the back surface of the mirror or the like.

The sheet heating element having the above-described structure is
When the peripheral dimension is small, a sufficient voltage is generated even with a voltage of, for example, several volts. Therefore, the minimum operating voltage of the planar heating element according to this embodiment cannot be clearly determined.

(Second Embodiment)

Next, a second embodiment according to claims 3 and 4 of the present application will be described.

In the sheet heating element according to the first embodiment, the waterproofness and the like of the heating element a is enhanced by the double-sided adhesive film having the same peripheral dimensions as the substrate 1. Heat-generating element a with excellent multi-layer insulation film
Of the present invention, which is highly safe in terms of strength and electrical insulation, by coating the surface of the composite with a multilayer composite film having excellent heat resistance and water permeability, moisture permeability, and gas permeability. The second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of the planar heating element according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB, and FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. . 5 to 7, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 denote the same elements, and c is a multilayer insulating film, d is an outer layer made of a multilayer composite film, and d'is a multilayer composite film. The respective heat-sealed portions of the outer skin d are shown.

In the planar heating element according to the second embodiment, on the front surface side of the substrate 1, a conductive film 2 having a peripheral dimension composed of an adhesive layer 23, a base layer 21 and a heating layer 22 is equal to or smaller than the peripheral dimension of the substrate 1. And a multilayer insulating film c having the same peripheral dimensions as the substrate 1
And a skin d made of a multilayer composite film whose peripheral dimension is longer than that of the substrate 1 are sequentially stacked, and on the back surface side of the substrate 1, a multilayer insulating film c having the same peripheral dimension as the substrate 1 and a peripheral dimension larger than that of the substrate 1. The outer skin d having a long length is sequentially stacked, and the peripheral portion of the outer skin d protruding from the substrate 1 is fusion-closed (heat-sealed) to be integrally configured.

The multi-layer insulation film c is for ensuring the electrical insulation of the metal layer forming the heat generating layer 22 and the strength of the substrate 1 even if the outer cover d should be damaged. It is a synthetic resin film made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene, or the like, which is excellent in strength and electric insulation for ensuring safety even when it is broken.

The outer cover d is composed of a multi-layer composite film in which an organic substance and an inorganic substance are laminated in layers and which is excellent in heat resistance and does not have water permeability, moisture permeability, and gas permeability. As shown in, from the surface side, polyester 81, aluminum 82, nylon 83, polypropylene
A multilayer composite film consisting of 84 is used.

When heat-sealing the outer cover d made of this multilayer composite film to form the heat-sealed portion d ', a polypropylene layer of the multilayer composite film on the front surface side and a polypropylene layer of the multilayer composite film on the back surface side are formed. Are heat-sealed to form a heat-sealed portion d '. The structure of this multilayer composite film is shown in FIG.
The multilayer composite film is not limited to the structure shown in (1), and may be any multilayer composite film as long as it has excellent heat resistance and does not have water permeability, moisture permeability, and gas permeability.

Since the multi-layer insulation film c and the outer cover d described above are provided on both front and back surfaces of the substrate 1 in this embodiment, the multi-layer insulation film c and the outer cover d provided on the back side of the substrate 1 are A through hole 11 'for electric wiring is provided.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the sheet heating element A according to the second embodiment is used for the purpose of defrosting the mirror M.
An example in which the sheet heating element A is adhered to the back surface of the sheet with a double-sided adhesive film b is shown.

[0039]

The effects of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

(1) Since the entire planar heating element can be formed into an extremely thin sheet, it can be easily attached when these heating elements are attached to the mirror or the back surface of the floor.

(2) With respect to W / m ² whose requirements vary depending on the purpose of use, the size of the sheet heating element may be changed, or one or more compartment insulations may be formed in the conductive film metal layer. It is possible to change the resistance value by cutting the line 3 ... 3 and so on.
It has an excellent effect that it can handle a wide range of voltage and power up to a voltage of 100 V.

(3) There is an advantage that the size of the planar heating element can be freely designed and various requirements of W / m ² can be met.

(4) Use it at a low voltage of 10 to 24 V in a place where safety is required, such as a heating element for an anti-fog mirror in a bathroom, and use 100% for a heating element for a washbasin and floor heating.
Can freely respond to the voltage of the volt.

(5) Since the heating element is formed in a plane shape, the entire surface of the mirror or the back surface of the floor requiring heating or heat retention can be uniformly heated, and uneven heat retention does not occur.
It has excellent thermal conductivity when generating heat, and can exhibit an antifogging effect in an extremely short time.

(6) It can be effectively used for mirrors and floor heating installed in humid places such as bathrooms and washrooms.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state where one partition insulating wire is cut into a sheet heating element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which two partition insulating wires are cut into the sheet heating element according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state in which three partition insulating wires are cut into the sheet heating element according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

4A and 4B are cross-sectional views showing the internal configuration of the sheet heating element according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a sectional view of the sheet heating element, and FIG.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which three partition insulating wires are cut into the sheet heating element according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a sectional view taken along line BB of the planar heating element shown in FIG.

7 is a partially enlarged view of the B-B sectional view shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of a multilayer composite film.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing an example in which the sheet heating element according to the second embodiment of the present invention is attached to the back surface of a mirror.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Sheet heating element a Heating element b Double-sided adhesive film c Multilayer insulating film d Skin (multilayer composite film) d'Heat seal part 1 Substrate 11 Guide hole 11 'Through hole 2 Conductive film 21 Heating element base layer 22 Heating layer 23 Adhesive Layer 3 Partition insulation wire 4 Electrode 41 Conductive band 41 'Conductive band 5 Power supply wire 6 Terminal cover 61 Filling material 62 Sealing material M Mirror

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A substrate 1 comprising a synthetic resin sheet or film having predetermined peripheral dimensions, and the substrate 1.
Both sides having the same size as the substrate 1 and being excellent in waterproofness, moisture resistance, heat resistance and metal corrosion prevention in a heating element a formed by integrating a conductive film 2 having a peripheral dimension shorter than that of the conductive film 2 into a planar shape. The heating element a is a sheet-like heating element to which the adhesive film b is attached, and the heating element a forms a heating layer 22 made of a metal layer having a predetermined resistance value on the surface side of the base layer 21 of the conductive film 2 and generates heat. The conductive film 2 in which one or more partition insulating wires 3 are cut in the layer 22 is laminated and integrated with the substrate 1, and the electrodes 4 and 4 formed in the heat generating layer 22 have two conductive films. One end of each of the strips 41 and 41 'is connected, and the other end of each of the two conductive strips 41 and 41' penetrates through the guide hole 11 formed in the substrate 1 and is drawn out to the rear surface side, so that the power supply wire A sheet-like heating element that is electrically connected to and generates heat in a wide voltage range. 2. The partition insulating wire 3 formed on the heat generating layer 22.
3 is formed so as to divide the heating layer 22 evenly, and the sheet heating element that generates heat in a wide voltage band according to claim 1. 3. A multi-layer on the front surface side and the back surface side of a heating element a formed by integrating a substrate 1 made of a synthetic resin sheet or film having a predetermined peripheral dimension and a conductive film 2 into a planar shape. Peripheral dimensions of the substrate 1 made of a multilayer composite film having excellent heat resistance and having no water permeability, moisture permeability, or gas permeability, on both front and back surfaces of a laminate having the same dimensions as the substrate 1 integrally laminated with the insulating film c. A planar heating element integrally covered with an outer cover d having a peripheral dimension longer than that of the coated outer cover d, and the peripheral part of the outer cover d is heat-sealed. The heating element a is the base layer 21 of the conductive film 2. A heat generating layer 22 made of a metal layer having a predetermined resistance value is formed on the front surface side, and a conductive film 2 having one or a plurality of partition insulating wires 3 cut into the heat generating layer 22 is laminated and integrated with the substrate 1. With a simplified configuration, The serial heat generating layer 22 electrodes 4 are formed on the electrodes 4 and 4, two conductive bands 41 and 41 '
Connect one end of each of the two
The other end of 1'is a guide hole 11 formed in the substrate 1.
And a wide voltage band formed by penetrating through the through hole 11 ′ formed in the back surface side of the multilayer insulating film c and the back surface side of the outer cover d, and drawing out to the back surface side, and electrically connecting to the power supply wire. A sheet heating element that generates heat. 4. The partition insulating wire 3 formed on the heat generating layer 22.
.. 3 is formed so as to divide the heating layer 22 evenly, and the planar heating element that generates heat in a wide voltage band according to claim 3.