JPH0830537B2 - Laminated gasket and method for detecting incorrect assembly thereof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of use) The present invention relates to erroneous assembly detection of a laminated gasket constituted by stacking a plurality of constituent plates.

(Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention) In a laminated gasket in which a plurality of constituent plates having substantially the same shape are superposed and integrally bonded, the order of superposing the constituent plates is incorrect. And again, the component board is 1
If even one is missing, the sealing ability of the gasket will be seriously hindered.

In order to be able to discriminate the misassembly of the laminated gasket from the outside after the gasket is completed, it is necessary to provide the laminated gasket with a misassembly discrimination structure in which a part of the surface of each component plate is exposed to the outside. 62-159866 and Shokai 62-11
Proposed in No. 4270. These misassembly discrimination structures are considered to be excellent for discriminating misassembly by visual inspection by the operator. There is a risk of overlooking plates, chips and replacements. Further, the erroneous assembly discriminating structure having the above configuration is not necessarily suitable for performing automatic inspection in the gasket assembly line or outside the line by using optical means. This is because it is not easy to optically detect and discriminate the positions of the partially exposed portions of a large number of constituent plates and minute steps, and it is easy to cause an erroneous discrimination due to an error.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention proposes a laminated gasket and a method for detecting an incorrect assembly thereof, which is provided with an incorrect assembly detector capable of reliably and easily automatically detecting and discriminating an incorrect assembly of the laminated gasket by using optical means. Is.

(Means for Solving the Problem) The laminated gasket of the present invention is formed by laminating a plurality of constituent plates, and each of the constituent plates has a surface having a large light reflectance and a surface having a small light reflectance. In the laminated gasket, a plurality of light reflection detecting portions formed by arranging a constituent plate having a through hole and a constituent plate having no through hole on the same line in the thickness direction of the gasket in combination are formed. The light reflection detectors are arranged so that the presence or absence of reflection when light is projected on each light reflection detector, the combination of strengths and weaknesses, and the arrangement are different depending on whether the laminated assembly of the component plates is normal or incorrect. And the number of the through holes and the through hole installation target plate in each light reflection detecting section are selected. Further, the method for detecting an incorrect assembly of a laminated gasket of the present invention is a laminate in which a plurality of constituent plates are laminated, and a surface having a large hole reflectance and a surface having a small hole reflectance exist in the surfaces of the constituent plates. A method for detecting erroneous assembly of a mold gasket, which is formed by combining a component plate having a through hole and a component plate having no through hole on the same line in the thickness direction of the gasket. It is possible to detect an error in stacking and assembling of component plates based on the presence / absence of reflection emitted from each light receiving device that receives each reflected light, the combination of strong and weak signals, and the arrangement, by projecting light to each of a plurality of reflection detection units. It is a feature.

(Example) Prior to a detailed description of the structure and examples of the present invention, an example of a metal laminated gasket will be described for a cylinder head gasket. When the gasket is composed of, for example, four constituent plates, the outer upper plate and the lower plate, and the two intermediate plates are all required cylinder bores,
It has oil holes, water holes and bolt holes and has almost the same shape. The upper and lower plates made of a metal plate such as stainless steel usually have black rubber coatings made of a rubber mixture containing carbon on both sides, and one of the intermediate plates also made of a metal plate such as stainless steel is usually , Cylinder bore, oil hole,
The bead plate has a bead formed to secure a seal such as a water hole. The bead plate does not have a coating of rubber or the like on its surface, and the surface has a metallic luster of stainless steel or the like. Another intermediate plate (also called an adjusting plate) has both surfaces covered with rubber as well as the upper plate and the lower plate, and one side on the side contacting the bead plate is covered with rubber, and the other side is It may have a metallic luster such as stainless steel without a coating.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show the construction of the misassembly detection part and the misassembly detection method in the laminated cylinder head gasket composed of the four component plates as described above.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a part of the cylinder head gasket, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view for explaining a method for detecting such misassembly. FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 for detecting misassembly. The projection of light is illustrated. In the figure, a metal laminated cylinder head gasket G is composed of an upper plate 1, two adjusting plates 2 and a bead plate 3, and a lower plate 4. 4 and the adjusting plate 2 all have a black rubber coating on the entire surface, and the bead plate 3 does not have a surface coating and has a metallic luster on both surfaces. A, B, C and D in the drawing are light reflection detecting portions provided on the gasket G, and the detecting portions have a plate having a through hole on the same line in the thickness direction of the gasket and a structure having no through hole. It is configured by arranging it in combination with a plate, and if necessary, means for changing the hole reflectance is added to the component plate having no through hole. In the case shown in the drawing, in the detection unit A, the upper plate 1 and the adjusting plate 2 have no through holes, and the bead plate 3 and the lower plate 4 have through holes 3a and 4a. In the detection unit B, through holes 1b and 4b are provided in the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4, in the detection unit C, through holes 1c and 2c are provided in the upper plate 1 and the adjusting plate 2, and at the detection unit D. The through hole 2d is provided only in the adjusting plate 2. Also,
In the detection unit A, the light reflectance of the component plate 2 is changed by adhering a metal foil, applying a metal powder paint, or removing the rubber coating on the surface of the adjusting plate 2 that is in contact with the upper plate 1 of the bead plate 3. A high reflection surface 5 having the same high reflectance as the surface is formed.
The high reflection detectors A, B, C and D configured as above are
La, Lb, Lc, Ld, Le and Lf indicated by arrows in the figure are projected, and the respective reflected lights are received by the respective light receivers. Light is reflected with high reflectance from the surface of the bead plate 3 and the light reflecting surface 5 of the adjusting plate 2, but almost no light is reflected from the surface of the black rubber coating. Therefore, it is possible to generate two types of signals in the light receiver that receives the reflected light depending on the brightness of each reflected light. Table 1 shows combinations of these two types of signals and the respective detection units.

In Table 1, A, B ... F mean signals by reflected light with respect to the projected light La, Lb ... Lf, respectively, and w means light reflected by surfaces having high reflectance such as the bead plate 3 and the highly reflective surface 5. , B
Means the light reflected from the surface of the black rubber coating. Also,
, Etc. indicate a missing plate of the component plate 1, a missing plate of the component plate 4, etc.,
The symbols −, −, and the like indicate the replacement of the constituent plate 1 and the constituent plate 2, the replacement of the constituent plate 3 and the constituent plate 4, and the like.

In Table 1, the number in parentheses (E) indicates that the surface of the light reflection detecting section having the structure shown in FIG. 2 is coated with metal paint on the surface of the adjusting section 2 of the detecting section B which is in contact with the bead plate. Shows the case of a highly reflective surface, so that when the bead plate is missing, all of the reflected light does not become dark.

As is apparent from Table 1, the arrangement of b and w when the assembly is normal, that is, the combination of b and w in each reflected light differs from the arrangement of b and w in all cases of misassembly. Therefore, it is possible to discriminate and detect whether the assembly is normally performed or erroneously, depending on the arrangement, that is, the difference in the combination of b and w of each reflected light. Such discrimination and detection can be performed by processing the signals b and w of the light receivers that receive the reflected light of the projection light La, Lb ... Lf by the signal processing device. Also, as is clear from Table 1, the arrangement of b and w is different for each type of misassembly. Therefore, it is possible to discriminate and detect how the signals b and w are erroneously assembled. Information about what kind of misassembly has occurred is useful information for quality control of the laminated gasket production line.

For a missing plate with a missing component plate, it is easier to provide a laminated plate gasket with a missing plate detector that detects the presence or absence of a missing plate by the applicant's separate application for passing or not passing light. Since this can be detected, the erroneous assembly detecting section using the light reflection detecting section of the present invention detects erroneous assembly in which the order of stacking the constituent boards is wrong, that is, only the replacement of the constituent boards. You may In this case, it is possible to reduce the number of projected lights, and thus the number of reflected lights. FIG. 3 shows an explanatory view of the erroneous assembly detection unit in such a case. The constituent plates 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the laminated gasket G in FIG. 3 are the same as the gasket in FIG. In the light reflection detecting section A, a through hole 3a is provided in the bead plate 3, in the detecting section B, through holes 1b and 2b are provided in the upper plate 1 and the adjusting plate 2, and in the detecting section C, a lower plate 4 is provided.
A through hole 4c is provided in the. Further, in the detection section A, the high reflection surface 6 is formed on the surface of the upper plate 1 in the same manner as described above. In the high reflection detection section A, the projection light La is from the upper plate side, and in the detection sections B and C, the projection light Lb and
Lc is projected from the non-board side. Table 2 shows the arrangement of b and w for the reflected light of each projection light, as in Table 1.

Also in this case, the arrangement of b and w is different in the normal case where the constituent boards are not replaced and in all cases of incorrect assembly where the constituent boards are replaced. You can
In addition, since the arrangement of b and w is different for each type of exchange, it is possible to determine and detect what type of exchange has occurred.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view for explaining a wrong assembly detecting portion and a wrong assembly detecting method of the present invention for another example of the laminated gasket. In the figure, a gasket G is an upper plate 1, an adjusting plate 2,
It is the second to consist of the constituent plates of the bead plate 3 and the lower plate 4.
As in the case of FIG. 3 and FIG. 3, in the case of this example, only the surface of the adjusting plate 2 in contact with the bead plate 3 is covered with the black rubber coating, and the surface in contact with the upper plate 1 is not covered. No metal surface is exposed. The other constituent plates are the same as those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The gasket G is provided with four light reflection detecting portions A, B, C and D. In the detecting portion A, all the constituent plates do not have through holes, and in the detecting portion B, there is a through hole 1b in the upper plate 1. In the detecting section C, the adjusting plate 2 is provided with through holes 2c, and in the detecting section D, the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4 are provided with through holes 1d and 4d. The projection lights La and Lb are projected from the upper plate side at the detection units A and B, and the projection lights Lc and Ld are projected from the lower plate side at the detection units C and D, respectively. The combinations of b and w of each reflected light in this case are as shown in Table 3.

Also in this case, the arrangement of b and w is different between the normal product and the mis-assembled product in which the component plates are replaced, and the mis-assembled products also differ in the arrangement of b and w for each type of component plate replacement. So
It can be discriminated and detected.

Depending on the design of the laminated gasket, for example, the lower plate may be folded back onto the upper plate to form a grommet, so that the lower plate and the other component plates may be interchanged in the wrong order of stacking the component plates. If the upper plate or the lower plate is replaced with another component plate, the gasket may not be assembled. In such a case, since it is not necessary to consider the replacement of the upper plate and the lower plate, the configuration of the misassembly detection unit can be simplified accordingly. For example, in a metal laminated gasket having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 4, if there is no room for replacing the lower plate with another component plate due to the design of the gasket, the detection unit C and projection in FIG. The light Lc can be omitted, and in this case, b, w of the reflected light of each projection light La, Lb, Ld
The combinations are as shown in Table 4.

Further, in the gasket having the same structure as that shown in FIG. 4, when there is practically no room for replacing the constituent plates of both the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4 with other constituent plates, the adjusting plate 2 and the bead It is only necessary to detect the replacement with the plate 3, and in that case, it can be detected as shown in the explanatory view of FIG. 5 or FIG. In the case of FIG. 5, the gasket G is provided with the light reflection detectors A and B, and the bead plate 3 and the lower plate 4 are provided in the detector A.
And through holes 3a and 4a are provided in the
The through holes 4b are provided in the
Is projected from the bottom plate side. In the case of FIG. 6, the gasket G is provided with one light reflection detecting portion A, and in the detecting portion, through holes 1a and 4a are provided in the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4, and the projection hole La is provided from the upper plate side. The projection light Lb is projected from the lower plate side.

In the case of FIG. 6, only one light reflection detecting portion is formed on the gasket G, but two projection lights are projected from both the front and back surfaces, and the gasket 2 is effectively operated.
Since this is equivalent to the provision of one photodetector, in this case, it is regarded as having two photodetectors and is included in the range of the laminated gasket of the present invention.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the gasket is composed of the upper plate, the two intermediate plates and the lower plate has been described. However, even when the number of the constituent plates is different, such as one or three intermediate plates, the light reflection is performed. The number of detectors, the presence of through holes in each component plate in each detector,
The same as described above, by the combination of none, by adding a means for changing the light reflectance of the component plate having no through hole as necessary, and by appropriately combining the projection direction of the projected light with each detection unit. Then, the combination of the light and darkness / intensity of each reflected light in each detection section is made different between a normal gasket having no assembly error and a mis-assembled gasket to discriminate them and the mis-assembly can be detected. In addition, although the above-described embodiments have been described exclusively with respect to the metal laminated gasket, the present invention is not limited to the metal laminated gasket. Further, in the above description, the light reflection surface is described as two types, that is, the black rubber coating surface and the metal surface, but it is possible to include a component plate having a surface whose light reflectance is between the above. . In this case, it can be handled as a combination of three types of light reflection signals. As an example of adding a means for changing the light reflectance to a part of the component plate having no through hole, in the above embodiment, only an example of changing to a high anti-slope by coating metal powder paint on the black rubber coating is given. Although shown, it is of course possible to change the light reflectance by coating black paint on a highly reflective surface such as a metal surface. Further, if it is possible to distinguish and detect a normal product and an erroneous product with no assembly error, it may not always be necessary to determine and detect what kind of misassembly the misassembled product is as described above. . In this case, the arrangement of b and w described above may be different between the normal product and the incorrectly assembled product, and the arrangement of b and w may be the same between the types of assembly error. However, since there is no problem, the number of light reflection detection units can be reduced and the construction of the misassembly detection unit can be simplified.

(Operation and Effect of the Invention) Since the laminated gasket and the misassembly detection method thereof according to the present invention have the configurations as described above, when light is projected on each light reflection detecting portion, the reflection of each light reflection detecting portion is suppressed. The presence / absence (brightness / darkness) or the combination of strength and weakness and the arrangement are different depending on whether the laminated assembly of the constituent plates is normal and when the laminated assembly of the constituent plates is incorrect.

Therefore, according to the present invention, whether or not there is an error in the laminated assembly of the component plates based on the presence / absence of reflection emitted from each light receiving device that receives the reflected light of each light reflection detection unit, the combination of strong and weak signals, and the arrangement. Can be automatically and easily discriminated and detected.

Moreover, since it is possible to vary the presence / absence of the reflection of each of the above-described light reflection detection units, the combination of the strengths and the weaknesses, and the arrangement for each type of misassembly error, at the same time as detecting the misassembly, what kind of error It is possible to discriminate and detect whether or not a problem has occurred, and it is possible to provide useful information for quality control.

Then, the detection of the above-mentioned misassembly and the determination of the type of error,
All the detection is performed based on the presence or absence of the reflection when the light is projected on each light reflection detection unit and the detection of the intensity, so that the detection and the determination can be easily automated, and an error causes an erroneous determination. There is no danger.

Further, in the present invention, when the light is projected onto the light reflection detecting portion from both front and back sides of the laminated gasket, as will be understood from the examples of FIG. 5 and FIG. There is an advantage that the structure of the erroneous assembly detection unit can be simplified, such as a decrease in the number of the components, a reduction in the number of additional components that change the light reflectance of a part of the component plate not provided with the light transmission, and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a part of an embodiment of a laminated gasket of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view for explaining a misassembly detection unit.
The sectional view on the AA line of a figure and projection light are shown. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing another example of the misassembly detector, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing another example of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are still another example of the misassembly detector. It is an explanatory view shown. (Explanation of reference symbols) G: laminated cylinder gasket, 1 ... upper plate, 2 ...
Adjustment plate, 3 ... bead plate, 4 ... lower plate, 5 and 6 ...
High reflection surface, A, B, C and D ... Light reflection detector, 2a, 3a, 4a,
1b, 2b ... 4d ... Through holes, La, Lb, Lc, Ld, Le and Lf ... Projected light.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroro Takeseki 1-5-2 Fukaminishi Yamato-shi, Kanagawa Nihon Rheinz Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-62-159866 (JP, A)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A laminated gasket comprising a plurality of laminated component plates, wherein a surface having a high light reflectance and a surface having a low light reflectance are present in the surface of each component plate. A plurality of light reflection detecting portions formed by combining a constituent plate having a through hole and a constituent plate having no through hole on the same line are provided, and light is projected to each light reflection detecting portion. In order to make the difference between the presence or absence of reflection, the combination of strengths and weaknesses, and the case where the laminated assembly of the component plates is normal and the case where the laminated assembly is incorrect, A laminated gasket characterized in that the number of through holes and the plate to be installed through holes are selected. 2. The laminated gasket according to claim 1, wherein a means for changing a light reflectance is added to the surface of the component plate having no through hole in the light reflection detecting section. 3. A method for detecting an erroneous assembly of a laminated gasket in which a plurality of constituent plates are laminated, and a surface having a large light reflectance and a surface having a small light reflectance exist in the surfaces of the constituent plates. Therefore, a plurality of light reflection detectors formed by combining a component plate having a through hole and a component plate having no through hole on the same line in the thickness direction of the gasket are arranged to combine light respectively. Misdetection of laminated gasket, which is characterized by detecting the error in the laminated assembly of the component plates based on the presence / absence of the reflection emitted by each light receiver that projects the reflected light and the combination of strong and weak signals, and the arrangement. Method. 4. The erroneous assembly of the laminated gasket according to claim 3, wherein the projection of the light on the light reflection detecting portion is performed from either one of the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the gasket. Detection method. 5. A method for detecting misassembly of a laminated gasket according to claim 3, wherein projection of light is performed on the same light reflection detecting portion from both the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the gasket. .