JPH08305360A - Effecter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To add a new effect by using a signal making a rise part at every a period of an input signal having a frequency component and an attenuation part gradually attenuating a level from a generated peak level a period. CONSTITUTION: This effecter is provided with a rise part generation means generating the rise part of an output signal based on the rise part at every the period of the input signal having the frequency component and an attenuation part generation means gradually attenuating the level from the peak level generated by the rise part generation means, and generating the attenuation part of the output signal, and it outputs the signal making the rise part generated by the rise part generation means and the attenuation part generated by the attenuation part generation means a period. The effecter EF outputs an effect sound signal Sout when a musical sound signal Sin is inputted by forming a saw-tooth-wave based on the Sin. When the effecter EF is used, a thick and deep sound is generated such as the sound generated by an analog synthesizer.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an effector that gives an effect to a tone signal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An effector gives various effects to a tone signal generated by an electric guitar or an electronic keyboard instrument. The types of effects include chorus, reverb, distortion, wah and tremolo.

The performer uses these effectors to
Generate your favorite timbre. For example, various tone colors can be generated by connecting a plurality of effectors in series or in parallel, and changing effect parameters such as reverb time.

[0004]

There are various kinds of effects as described above, but these are conventional, and those with slight improvement added to these effectors are products. Although it has been realized, the present situation is that effectors that give completely new effects have not been born. If the types of effects are limited, the variation of timbre will not spread.

An object of the present invention is to provide an effector which gives a novel effect which has never been obtained.

[0006]

The effector of the present invention comprises:
A rising portion generating means for generating a rising portion of the output signal based on a rising portion of the input signal having a frequency component for each cycle, and an attenuating portion of the output signal for gradually attenuating the level from the peak level generated by the rising generation means. And an attenuator generating unit for generating a signal, and outputs a signal in which the rising portion generated by the rising portion generating means and the attenuating portion generated by the attenuating portion generating means are one cycle.

[0007]

In the output signal of the effector, the rising portion becomes a signal based on the rising portion of the input signal, and the attenuating portion becomes a signal in which the level is gradually attenuated from the peak level. The rising portion is hardly processed, and various timbres are generated according to the attenuation characteristic of the attenuating portion.

[0008]

1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an effector EF according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

The input signal Sin is supplied to an A / D converter (AD
C) 1 converts an analog signal into a digital signal. The input signal Sin is, for example, an analog musical tone signal having a frequency component generated by an electric guitar or microphone input.

A digital signal from an electronic musical instrument or the like may be input instead of the analog input signal Sin. In that case, the A / D converter (ADC) 1 becomes unnecessary. Figure 2
A musical tone signal Sin generated by an electric guitar
Is an example of. Since the guitar is a stringed instrument, the amplitude at the time of rising (attack) is large, and the attenuation thereafter is fast.
The tone signal Sin has a pitch at its fundamental frequency.

In FIG. 1, an A / D converter 1 outputs a digital tone signal. The digital tone signal is divided into a plurality of frequency band components by the filters F0 to F5. The filter F0 is a high-pass filter (HPF), and passes only frequency components above a predetermined frequency.
The filter F5 is a low pass filter (LPF),
Only the frequency components below a predetermined frequency are passed.

The filters F1 to F4 are bandpass filters (BPF), which divide the frequency band between the pass frequency of the high pass filter F0 and the pass frequency of the low pass filter F5 into four, and pass the components of each band respectively. Let The number of bandpass filters does not have to be four. The number of filters may be increased and the frequency band may be divided into smaller frequency bands. As the frequency band is made finer, the tone signal Si
It is possible to process the pitch of n finely.

The half-wave rectifiers D0 to D5 half-wave rectify the passing signals of the filters F0 to F5, and output only positive-valued signals. The sawtooth wave forming units C0 to C5 generate sawtooth waves based on the output signals of the half-wave rectifying units D0 to D5, respectively. For example, the sawtooth wave forming unit C1 generates and outputs a sawtooth wave signal S2 based on the half-wave rectified signal S1.

FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between the half-wave rectified signal S1 and the sawtooth wave signal S2. The signal S1 is a signal obtained by half-wave rectifying a component in a predetermined frequency band. Signal S2
Is a sawtooth wave generated based on the signal S1, and the signal S
It is the same as the signal S1 until the peak of 1 is reached, and then attenuates at a predetermined attenuation rate. The circuit configuration of the sawtooth wave forming unit will be described later.

In FIG. 1, sawtooth wave forming portions C0 to C5 are provided.
The output signal of is input to the adder 3. In the adder 3,
In addition, the signal S3 is input. The signal S3 is generated as follows. First, all the frequency components of the output signal of the A / D converter 1 are converted into the half-wave rectifying section D6 and the sawtooth wave forming section C.
6 to the series connection circuit. The output signal of the sawtooth wave forming unit C6 is input to the sign inverting circuit 2 to generate a negative value signal. The signal S3 is an output signal of the sign inverting circuit 2.

The sawtooth wave forming portion C6 generates a sawtooth wave having a sharp attenuation after the peak. This causes the signal S3
Has a negative value only in the portion corresponding to the attack portion of the input signal Sin. When the signal S3 is input to the adder 3, it is possible to remove the DC component of the portion corresponding to the attack portion of the input signal Sin. This is because the high-pass filter 4, which will be described later, cannot remove the DC component in the attack portion.

The sawtooth wave forming portions C0 to C6 generate sawtooth waves having different post-peak attenuation speeds. The sawtooth wave forming unit C6 generates a sawtooth wave having a high attenuation rate as described above. In the sawtooth wave forming units C0 to C5, the attenuation speed is determined according to the frequency band of the input signal.
In other words, the higher the frequency component, the shorter the signal period, so that a sawtooth wave having a fast decay rate after the peak is formed. The sawtooth wave forming units C0 to C5 form sawtooth waves having a slower attenuation rate as the reference numeral increases.

The adder 3 adds and outputs seven input signals. The high pass filter 4 has a low cutoff frequency,
The DC component of the output signal of the adder 3 is cut. The multiplier 5 multiplies the output signal of the high-pass filter 4 by a predetermined coefficient and outputs it. The adder 6 multiplies the digital musical tone signal output from the A / D converter 1 by a predetermined coefficient and outputs it. The adder 7 adds the output signal of the multiplier 5 and the output signal of the multiplier 6 and outputs a signal Sout. If the coefficient of the multiplier 6 is increased and the coefficient of the multiplier 5 is set to 0, the effect is not imparted, and the input signal Sin is directly output signal Sout
Is output as The larger the coefficient of the multiplier 5, the greater the degree of the added effect.

The output signal Sout is converted into an analog signal by a D / A converter (not shown), and then sounded through an amplifier and a speaker. Also, the output signal S
Out can also be sounded through another effector.

As described above, when the tone signal Sin is input to the effector EF, the effector EF forms a sawtooth wave based on the tone signal Sin and outputs the sound effect signal Sout. Generally, when a sawtooth wave is generated as a musical tone signal, it is heard as a thick and thick sound such as a violin. In contrast, plucked instruments such as electric guitars contain almost no serrated waves. By using the effector EF according to the present embodiment, it is possible to generate a thick and thick sound like a sound generated by an analog synthesizer.

FIG. 4 shows the sawtooth wave forming portions C0 to C6 of FIG.
1 shows a circuit configuration. The sawtooth wave forming units C0 to C6 have the same circuit configuration except for the coefficient (attenuation coefficient) of the multiplier 13.

FIG. 4A is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the sawtooth wave forming portion. The input signal S1 is supplied to the comparator 11
Is input to The signal S1 ′ is an output signal of the multiplier 13, and is input to the comparator 11 together with the input signal S1. The comparator 11 compares the signal S1 and the signal S1 ′, and outputs the larger one as the signal S2. Initially, the signal S1 'is 0
Therefore, the signal S1 is output as the signal S2. The signal S2 is an output signal of the sawtooth wave forming unit.

The signal S2 is input to the delay circuit 12. The delay circuit 12 delays the signal S2 by one sample of the digital signal. The delayed signal is the multiplier 1
3 is multiplied by a predetermined coefficient and input to the averaging circuit 14. The coefficient is a value of 1 or less, which is an attenuation coefficient. The averaging circuit 14 stores the data of three consecutive samples and averages the data. The averaged signal is output as the signal S1 '. By averaging, a rounded sawtooth wave can be generated. The signal S1 'is input to the comparator 11 and compared with the next input signal S1.

The signal S1 'is 0 while the signal S1 is 0. When the signal S1 exceeds 0, the signal S1 becomes the signal S1 '.
It becomes larger, and the signal S1 is output as the output signal S2.

The averaging circuit 14 does not necessarily have to be provided. If the averaging circuit 14 is not provided, a sawtooth wave having a sharp peak portion is generated. Also, the averaging circuit 1
Instead of 4, a low pass filter may be provided.

FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the waveform of the output signal S2 of the sawtooth wave forming portion. The output signal S2 is an output signal when the signal S1 of FIG. 3 is used as an input signal. The output signal S2 has the same waveform as the signal S1 until the input signal S1 reaches a peak. After that, since a constant attenuation coefficient is multiplied, it attenuates exponentially. The peak portion of the output signal S2 is rounded by the averaging circuit 14. A rounded peak portion is more like an analog synthesizer sound than a sharp one, which is preferred for hearing.

FIG. 5 shows the sawtooth wave forming portions C0 to C6 of FIG.
Another circuit configuration example of is shown. FIG. 5A is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the sawtooth wave forming unit. Input signal S1
Is input to the comparator 15. The signal S1 ′ is the subtractor 1
7 is an output signal and is input to the comparator 15 together with the input signal S1. The comparator 15 compares the signal S1 and the signal S1 ′, and outputs the larger one as the signal S2. Initially,
Since the signal S1 'is 0, the signal S1 is output as the signal S2. The signal S2 is an output signal of the sawtooth wave forming unit.

The signal S2 is input to the delay circuit 16. The delay circuit 16 delays the signal S2 by one sample of the digital signal. The delayed signal is the subtractor 1
At 7, the predetermined signal Sc is subtracted and output as a signal S1 '. The signal Sc is, for example, a constant level signal or a sine wave signal. The signal S1 'is input to the comparator 15 and compared with the next input signal S1.

The signal S1 'is 0 while the signal S1 is 0. When the signal S1 exceeds 0, the signal S1 becomes the signal S1 '.
It becomes larger, and the signal S1 is output as the output signal S2. Even if the output signal S2 has a negative level, the fundamental frequency is maintained, so it does not matter.

FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the waveform of the output signal S2 when the signal Sc has a constant level. The output signal S2 is an output signal when the signal S1 of FIG. 3 is used as an input signal. The output signal S2 has the same waveform as the signal S1 until the input signal S1 reaches a peak. After that, since a certain amount of attenuation is subtracted, it attenuates linearly.

FIG. 5C is a diagram showing the waveform of the output signal S2 when the signal Sc is a sine wave. Output signal S2
Is an output signal when the signal S1 of FIG. 3 is used as an input signal. The output signal S2 has the same waveform as the signal S1 until the input signal S1 reaches a peak. After that, since a certain sine wave signal is subtracted, it is attenuated while vibrating.

FIG. 6 shows the attenuation speed of the sawtooth wave formed by the sawtooth wave forming portion. As described above, the sawtooth wave forming unit can change the attenuation rate after the peak of the sawtooth wave by changing the attenuation coefficient. Sawtooth wave 1
8 is a waveform with a fast decay rate after the peak, and the sawtooth wave 19 is a waveform with a slow decay rate after the peak. Since the sawtooth wave 18 has a high attenuation speed, it rises after the level is attenuated to zero. On the other hand, since the sawtooth wave 19 has a slow decay speed after the peak, the level L before the level decays to 0
Get up at 1.

The level of the valley portion of the sawtooth wave does not always become 0, but changes depending on the attenuation speed after the peak and the pitch of the input signal. Even if the level of the valley changes, the fundamental frequency (pitch) of the sawtooth wave is always maintained at the correct frequency, so that the effect can be imparted without changing the pitch of the signal.

Next, an example in which the effector EF described above is connected to an electric guitar and used. Figure 7
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a connection circuit of an electric guitar and an effector EF.

The electric guitar has 6 strings.
The 6-string independent pickup 21 can independently detect the string vibration generated by plucking each string. The amplitude of the string vibration corresponds to the volume.

The six effectors EF1 to EF6 are connected to the six-string independent pickup 21 and individually apply effects to the string vibration signals of the six strings. Effectors EF1 to EF
6 has the same circuit configuration as the effector of FIG. 1 and can generate a thick and thick sound by forming a sawtooth wave. The adder 22 adds the output signals of the effectors EF1 to EF6 and synthesizes the sound of the sixth string. The combined signal is sounded as an output signal.

The effectors EF1 to EF6 are each 6
Since each of the strings corresponds to each string, each effector adds an effect to the pitch (pitch) signal of each string. By distributing the processing for each string, each effector can set the optimum post-peak decay rate of the sawtooth wave.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of an effector according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Input signal S
in is input to the A / D converter (ADC) 31. A
The / D converter 31 outputs a digital musical tone signal. The digital tone signal is input to the half-wave rectification unit 32. The half-wave rectifying section 32 half-wave rectifies the digital musical tone signal and outputs only a positive value signal.

The pitch extracting section 34 extracts the pitch of the digital tone signal output from the A / D converter 31. The coefficient conversion unit 35 outputs the attenuation coefficient of the sawtooth wave according to the pitch extracted by the pitch extraction unit 34. The damping coefficient is
It is calculated by a formula or table with pitch as a variable. For example, the attenuation coefficient can be set so that the level of the valley of the sawtooth wave is zero.

The sawtooth wave forming section 33 forms a sawtooth wave based on the output signal of the half-wave rectifying section 32. The attenuation speed of the formed sawtooth wave is determined according to the attenuation coefficient generated by the coefficient conversion unit 35. The sawtooth wave formed by the sawtooth wave forming unit 33 is sounded as the output signal Sout.

The pitch extraction unit 34 may take some time from the input of the signal to the extraction of the pitch, and it may not be possible to immediately reflect the attenuation speed of the sawtooth wave. In that case, the default damping factor can be applied until the pitch is extracted. An example of the output signal Sout is shown below.

FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram showing a signal example of the output signal Sout. In the first cycle of the output signal Sout,
Since the pitch has not been extracted yet, the default damping slope SLD is set. When the pitch is extracted in the second cycle, the attenuation slope SL according to the pitch is set in the second and subsequent cycles.

Even if the pitch extraction is delayed, the output signal Sout itself is not delayed, and the setting of the attenuation slope SL according to the pitch is only delayed. Also,
Even if the pitch extracting unit extracts an incorrect pitch, the correct fundamental frequency (pitch) of the output signal is ensured.

When the slope of the default slope SLD and the slope of the slope SL corresponding to the pitch are greatly different, the slope SLD may be gradually changed instead of being changed from the slope SLD to the slope SL.

The embodiment in which the attenuation coefficient of the sawtooth wave is set according to the above pitch can also be applied to the first embodiment (FIG. 1). Ideally, the configuration of the second embodiment is performed for each string.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the circuit arrangement of an effector according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The input signal Sin is input to the A / D converter (ADC) 41.
The A / D converter 41 outputs a digital musical tone signal.
The digital tone signal is input to the half-wave rectification unit 42. The half-wave rectifying unit 42 half-wave rectifies the digital musical tone signal and outputs a signal S11.

The sign inverting circuit 45 inverts the sign of the digital tone signal output from the A / D converter 41 and outputs it. The half-wave rectifier 46 half-wave rectifies the output signal of the sign inverting circuit 45 and outputs the signal S12.

FIG. 11 is a signal waveform diagram showing the relationship between the signal S11 and the signal S12. The signal S11 is the input signal Si
This is a signal in which only the positive level of n is left. The signal S12 is
This is a signal in which only the negative level of the input signal Sin remains.

In FIG. 10, the sawtooth wave forming portion 43 is
A sawtooth wave is formed based on the signal S11. The sawtooth wave forming unit 47 forms a sawtooth wave based on the signal S12. The sawtooth wave forming portions 43 and 47 can be configured by the circuit shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 similarly to the sawtooth wave forming portion described above.

The attenuation coefficient of the sawtooth wave forming section 43 and the attenuation coefficient of the sawtooth wave forming section 47 are determined by the parameter changing section 51. The operator 52 is, for example, a pedal,
The ratio of the attenuation coefficient of the sawtooth wave forming portion 43 and the attenuation coefficient of the sawtooth wave forming portion 47 can be set. The parameter changing unit 51 determines the attenuation coefficient of the sawtooth wave forming unit 43 and the sawtooth wave forming unit 47 according to the operation of the operation element 52. It is also possible to provide an LFO (low frequency oscillator) instead of the manipulator 52 and output a low frequency signal to continuously change the attenuation coefficient.

The multiplier 44 multiplies the sawtooth wave signal formed by the sawtooth wave forming section 43 by a predetermined coefficient and outputs the result. The sign inversion circuit 48 inverts the sign of the sawtooth wave signal formed by the sawtooth wave forming unit 47 and outputs it. Since the sign of the input signal Sin is inverted once in the sign inversion circuit 45,
The sign inversion circuit 48 inverts the sign again to restore the sign. The multiplier 49 multiplies the output signal of the sign inversion circuit 48 by a predetermined coefficient and outputs it.

The operator 53 can change the coefficient of the multiplier 44. The operator 54 can change the coefficient of the multiplier 49. By increasing the coefficient of the multiplier 44, the positive level component of the input signal Sin can be increased. By increasing the coefficient of the multiplier 49, the negative level component of the input signal Sin can be increased.

The adder 50 adds the output signal of the multiplier 44 and the output signal of the multiplier 49. The signal added by the adder 50 is sounded as the output signal Sout. The sawtooth wave generated by the sawtooth wave forming units 43 and 47 is
The steeper the attenuation slope is, the less effect is provided, and a sound closer to the input signal Sin is output.

Although the sawtooth wave forming portions 43 and 47 form sawtooth waves for the positive component and the negative component of the input signal Sin, respectively, only one of them may be provided. According to the effector of the present embodiment, a thick and thick sound can be generated by forming a sawtooth wave based on the input musical tone signal. The fundamental frequency (pitch) of the generated tone signal, even if the degree of effect applied to the input signal is changed
Is protected.

The tone signal input to the effector is
It is preferably generated by a plucked string instrument, but may be generated by other musical instruments. Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, improvements, combinations, and the like can be made.

[0056]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The rising portion of the output signal of the effector is generated on the basis of the rising portion of the input signal, and the attenuator gradually attenuates the level from the peak level. The effector can generate various timbres according to the attenuation characteristics of the attenuator.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an effector according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a musical tone signal Sin generated by an electric guitar.

FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between the half-wave rectified signal S1 and the sawtooth wave signal S2.

FIG. 4 shows a circuit of the sawtooth wave forming unit of FIG. FIG.
FIG. 4A is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a sawtooth wave forming unit, and FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a waveform of an output signal of the sawtooth wave forming unit.

5 shows another circuit of the sawtooth wave forming unit of FIG. 5A is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the sawtooth wave forming unit, and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the waveform of the output signal S2 when the signal Sc is at a constant level. 5 (C)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a waveform of an output signal S2 when the signal Sc is a sine wave.

FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing an attenuation speed of a sawtooth wave formed by the sawtooth wave forming unit.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a connection circuit between an electric guitar and an effector.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an effector according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a waveform diagram showing a signal example of an output signal Sout in the circuit of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an effector according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a diagram illustrating a signal S11 and a signal S in the circuit of FIG.
12 is a signal waveform diagram showing a relationship with No. 12.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 A / D converter (ADC), 2 sign inversion circuit,
3 adder, 4 high pass filter (HPF),
5,6 Multiplier, 7 Adder, F0-F5 filter, D0-D6 Half-wave rectifier, C0-C6
Sawtooth wave forming unit, 11, 15 comparator, 12,
16 delay circuits, 13 multipliers, 14 averaging circuits, 17 subtractors, 21 6-string independent pickups, 22 adders, EF1 to EF6 effectors, 31 and 41 A / D converters (ADC),
32, 42, 46 half-wave rectifier, 33, 43, 4
7 sawtooth wave forming unit, 34 pitch extracting unit, 3
5 Attenuation coefficient converter, 44, 49 Multiplier, 4
5,48 Sign inversion circuit, 50 Adder, 51
Parameter change unit, 52, 53, 54 controls

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A rising portion generating means for generating a rising portion of an output signal based on a rising portion of an input signal having a frequency component for each cycle, and a level which is gradually attenuated from a peak level generated by the rising generating means. And an attenuator generating means for generating an attenuator of the output signal, and outputs a signal having one cycle of the rising part generated by the rising part generating means and the attenuating part generated by the attenuating part generating means. Effector. 2. The attenuating section, further comprising: a pitch extracting means for extracting a pitch of the input signal; and an attenuation coefficient determining means for determining an attenuation coefficient of the signal according to the pitch extracted by the pitch extracting means. The effector according to claim 1, wherein the generating means attenuates the signal in accordance with the attenuation coefficient determined by the attenuation coefficient determining means. 3. Further comprising a half-wave rectifying means for half-wave rectifying the positive or negative level of the input signal, wherein the rising portion generating means is half-wave rectified by the half-wave rectifying means. The effector according to claim 1, wherein the rising portion of the output signal is generated based on the signal that is generated. 4. An effector having a sawtooth wave generating means for generating and outputting a sawtooth wave by using a rising portion for each cycle of an input signal having a frequency component. 5. A frequency dividing means for dividing an input signal into a plurality of frequency bands, a rising portion extracting means for extracting a rising portion for each period of a plurality of signals divided by the frequency dividing means, and the rising portion extraction. Attenuator generation means for gradually attenuating the levels from the plurality of peak levels extracted by the means, and generating an attenuator for each frequency band, and a plurality of rising portions extracted by the rising portion extracting means are added and output. Generate the rising part of the signal,
A frequency synthesizing unit that adds a plurality of attenuating units generated by the attenuating unit generating unit to generate an attenuating unit of an output signal, and the rising portion and the attenuating unit synthesized by the frequency synthesizing unit have one cycle. An effector that outputs a signal that 6. An effector for imparting an effect to a vibration waveform of each string of an electric guitar, which comprises a rising part extraction means for extracting a rising part for each cycle of the vibration waveform of each string of the electric guitar, and said rising part. Attenuator generating means for gradually attenuating levels from a plurality of peak levels extracted by the part extracting means, and generating an attenuating part for each string of the electric guitar; and a plurality of rising parts extracted by the rising part extracting part. Add to generate the rising part of the output signal,
A string signal synthesizing unit that adds a plurality of attenuating units generated by the attenuating unit generating unit to generate an attenuating unit of an output signal, and the rising portion and the attenuating unit synthesized by the string signal synthesizing unit are 1 An effector that outputs a periodic signal.