JPH08294259A - Dc motor - Google Patents
Dc motorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08294259A JPH08294259A JP9339695A JP9339695A JPH08294259A JP H08294259 A JPH08294259 A JP H08294259A JP 9339695 A JP9339695 A JP 9339695A JP 9339695 A JP9339695 A JP 9339695A JP H08294259 A JPH08294259 A JP H08294259A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- commutator
- motor
- winding
- torque
- permanent magnets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Dc Machiner (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は界磁用永久磁石を備えた
ステータ部と、多数の巻線を有する電機子を備えたロー
タ部とから主構成される直流モータに関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a DC motor mainly composed of a stator section having a permanent magnet for a field magnet and a rotor section having an armature having a large number of windings.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】この種直流モータとして、図３及び図４
に示すものが知られている。この従来例は４極構造のも
ので、４極の界磁用永久磁石８及びヨーク１６を備えた
アウター側のステータ部２と、多数の巻線１０を有する
電機子２０及び前記巻線１０に流れる電流の方向を切替
える整流子１３を備えたインナー側のロータ部３と、整
流子１３に接触するブラシ１２とを具備している。前記
各永久磁石８は円環形状のヨーク１６の内周面に固定さ
れ、ヨーク１６の内周面からモータ求心方向に突出して
いる。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 and FIG.
The following are known. This conventional example has a four-pole structure, and includes an outer stator portion 2 provided with a four-pole field permanent magnet 8 and a yoke 16, an armature 20 having a large number of windings 10 and the winding 10. The rotor section 3 on the inner side is provided with a commutator 13 that switches the direction of the flowing current, and the brush 12 that contacts the commutator 13. Each of the permanent magnets 8 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the annular yoke 16 and protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 16 in the centripetal direction of the motor.
【０００３】前記巻線１０は図４に示すように、４極重
ね巻構造となっていて、Ｎｏ．１〜Ｎｏ．２０の巻線１
０が電機子２０の外周面に配設されている。又整流子１
３も、Ｎｏ．１〜Ｎｏ．２０の整流子片に分割され、図
４に示すような関係で、Ｎｏ．１〜Ｎｏ．２０の巻線１
０に接続されている。４本のブラシ１２は、図３及び図
４に示すように、モータ中心点と界磁用永久磁石８の中
心点とを結ぶ界磁中心軸線ｄ上に配置されている。図
３、図４において、Ｍ1 、Ｍ3 で示される永久磁石８は
Ｎ極、Ｍ2 、Ｍ4 で示されてる永久磁石８はＳ極であ
り、Ｍ1 、Ｍ3 に対応する位置に配されてＢ1 、Ｂ3 で
示されるブラシ１２はプラス電源に、Ｍ2 、Ｍ4 に対応
する位置に配されてＢ2 、Ｂ4 で示されるブラシ１２は
マイナス電源に夫々接続されたものである。As shown in FIG. 4, the winding 10 has a four-pole lap winding structure. 1 to No. 20 windings 1
0 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the armature 20. Commutator 1
No. 3 is also No. 1 to No. No. 20 commutator piece is divided according to the relationship shown in FIG. 1 to No. 20 windings 1
Connected to 0. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the four brushes 12 are arranged on the field center axis d that connects the motor center point and the field magnet permanent magnet 8 center point. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the permanent magnets 8 indicated by M 1 and M 3 are N poles, and the permanent magnets 8 indicated by M 2 and M 4 are S poles, and are located at positions corresponding to M 1 and M 3. The brushes 12 shown as B 1 and B 3 are connected to the positive power source, and the brushes 12 shown at B 2 and B 4 are connected to the negative power source at positions corresponding to M 2 and M 4 , respectively. Is.
【０００４】この従来例では、永久磁石８と電機子２０
との間で発生するマグネットトルクを最大限に利用する
ため、巻線１０、整流子１３及びブラシ１２の関係位置
を図３及び図４に示すように設定し、図３のＺ1 ゾーン
及びＺ3 ゾーンでの各巻線１０ではＳ極の磁界が発生
し、Ｚ2 ゾーン及びＺ4 ゾーンでの各巻線１０ではＮ極
の磁界が発生するようにしている。すなわち各巻線１０
に流れる電流方向が、前記界磁中心軸線ｄに一致した位
置で切替わるように構成されている。In this conventional example, the permanent magnet 8 and the armature 20 are provided.
In order to maximize the use of the magnet torque generated between and, the relative positions of the winding 10, the commutator 13 and the brush 12 are set as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the Z 1 zone and Z of FIG. A magnetic field of S pole is generated in each winding 10 in the three zones, and a magnetic field of N pole is generated in each winding 10 in the Z 2 zone and the Z 4 zone. That is, each winding 10
The direction of the current flowing through the switch is switched at a position coinciding with the field center axis d.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする問題点】上記従来例において
は、マグネットトルクを最大限に有効に利用することが
できるが、マグネットトルクのみを利用した構造のもの
は、高速回転においてトルク不足が生ずるという問題が
あった。In the above-mentioned conventional example, the magnet torque can be utilized to the maximum extent, but the structure using only the magnet torque causes a torque shortage at high speed rotation. There was a problem.
【０００６】本発明は、マグネットトルクのみならず、
リラクタンストルクをも有効に利用して、高速回転にお
いても比較的大きいトルクを出力できる直流モータを提
供することを目的とする。The present invention is not limited to magnet torque,
An object of the present invention is to provide a DC motor that can effectively utilize reluctance torque and output a relatively large torque even at high speed rotation.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記目的を達成
するため、複数の界磁用永久磁石及びヨークを備えたア
ウター側のステータ部と、多数の巻線を有する電機子及
び前記巻線に流れる電流の方向を切替える整流子を備え
たインナー側のロータ部と、整流子に接触するブラシと
を具備した直流モータにおいて、前記ヨークにモータの
求心方向へ突出する凸部を前記永久磁石と同数設け、こ
れら凸部間に前記永久磁石を固定し、前記各巻線に流れ
る電流方向が、界磁中心軸線から所定角ずれた回転位置
で切替わるように、前記巻線、整流子及びブラシの関係
位置を設定したことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has an outer stator portion provided with a plurality of field permanent magnets and a yoke, an armature having a large number of windings, and the windings. In a DC motor including an inner rotor portion having a commutator that switches the direction of the current flowing through the DC motor, and a brush that contacts the commutator, the yoke has a protrusion protruding in the centripetal direction of the motor and the permanent magnet. The same number is provided, the permanent magnets are fixed between these convex portions, and the direction of the current flowing through each winding is switched at a rotational position deviated from the field center axis by a predetermined angle so that the winding, the commutator, and the brush are changed. It is characterized in that the relational position is set.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明によれば、ステータ部の構造を、ヨーク
にモータの求心方向へ突出する凸部を永久磁石と同数設
け、これら凸部間に永久磁石を固定した構造とすること
で、リラクタンストルクを利用しうる状態としている。
すなわち、電機子に生ずる磁束は、永久磁石に直交する
前記界磁中心軸線ｄの方向において、永久磁石が低透磁
率材であるため通りにくく、界磁中心軸線ｄの方向のイ
ンダクタンスＬｄを極めて小さくできる一方、モータ中
心と隣接する永久磁石の中間点とを通る中性軸線ｑの方
向において、ヨークの凸部が位置しているため通りやす
く、中性軸線ｑの方向のインダクタンスＬｑを大きくす
ることができるため、両インダクタンスＬｄ、Ｌｑの差
により生ずるリラクタンストルクを利用しうるのであ
る。According to the present invention, the structure of the stator portion is such that the yoke has the same number of convex portions as the permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are fixed between the convex portions. The torque can be used.
That is, the magnetic flux generated in the armature is hard to pass in the direction of the field center axis d orthogonal to the permanent magnet because the permanent magnet is a low magnetic permeability material, and the inductance Ld in the direction of the field center axis d is extremely small. On the other hand, in the direction of the neutral axis q passing through the center of the motor and the intermediate point of the adjacent permanent magnet, the convex portion of the yoke is located so that it is easy to pass through, and the inductance Lq in the direction of the neutral axis q should be increased. Therefore, the reluctance torque generated by the difference between the inductances Ld and Lq can be used.
【０００９】そしてこのリラクタンストルクを有効に利
用するために、従来例のように各巻線に流れる電流方向
が、界磁中心軸線ｄに一致した位置で切替わるのではな
く、界磁中心軸線ｄから所定角ずれた回転位置で切替わ
るように、巻線、整流子及びブラシの関係位置を設定し
ているのである。In order to effectively use this reluctance torque, the direction of the current flowing through each winding is not switched at a position corresponding to the field center axis d as in the conventional example, but is changed from the field center axis d. The relational positions of the winding, the commutator, and the brush are set so that the rotation position is shifted by a predetermined angle.
【００１０】なお、リラクタンストルクとマグネットト
ルクの合成トルクを最大にするためには、前記所定角の
ずれを電気角でほぼπ／８とすればよい。In order to maximize the combined torque of the reluctance torque and the magnet torque, the deviation of the predetermined angle may be about π / 8 in electrical angle.
【００１１】上記のように、本発明の直流モータはマグ
ネットトルクのみならずリラクタンストルクをも利用で
きる結果、高速回転においても高トルクを出力できる。As described above, the DC motor of the present invention can utilize not only the magnet torque but also the reluctance torque, and as a result, high torque can be output even at high speed rotation.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】本発明の実施例を、図１及び図２を参照しつ
つ説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００１３】アウター側に配されたステータ部２の鉄製
のヨーク１６には、９０°間隔でモータの求心方向に突
出する４つの凸部７が形成され、これら凸部７間には界
磁用の永久磁石８が配設固定されている。Ｍ1 、Ｍ3 で
示される永久磁石８はＮ極、Ｍ2 、Ｍ4 で示される永久
磁石８はＳ極である。On the iron yoke 16 of the stator portion 2 arranged on the outer side, four convex portions 7 projecting in the centripetal direction of the motor are formed at 90 ° intervals, and between these convex portions 7 are field magnets. The permanent magnets 8 are arranged and fixed. The permanent magnets 8 indicated by M 1 and M 3 are N poles, and the permanent magnets 8 indicated by M 2 and M 4 are S poles.
【００１４】インナー側に配されたロータ部３は、多数
の巻線１０を有する電機子２０と、前記巻線１０に流れ
る電流の方向を切替える整流子１３とを備えている。前
記巻線１０は図２に示すように、４極重ね巻構造となっ
ていて、Ｎｏ．１〜Ｎｏ．２０の巻線１０が電機子２０
の外周面に配設されている。又整流子１３も、Ｎｏ．１
〜Ｎｏ．２０の整流子片に分割され、図２に示すような
関係で、Ｎｏ．１〜Ｎｏ．２０の巻線１０に接続されて
いる。例えばＮｏ．１の巻線１０は、その始点でＮｏ．
１の整流子片に接続され、その終点でＮｏ．２の整流子
片に接続されており、かつＮｏ．１の巻線１０の中心位
置は、Ｎｏ．１の整流子片とＮｏ．２の整流子片の境界
線に一致している。The rotor portion 3 arranged on the inner side includes an armature 20 having a large number of windings 10 and a commutator 13 for switching the direction of the current flowing through the windings 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the winding 10 has a 4-pole overlapping winding structure. 1 to No. 20 windings 10 are armatures 20
Is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the. Further, the commutator 13 is also No. 1
-No. No. 20 commutator piece is divided according to the relationship shown in FIG. 1 to No. It is connected to 20 windings 10. For example, No. The winding 10 of No. 1 is No. 1 at its starting point.
No. 1 is connected to the commutator element of No. 1 at the end point. No. 2 connected to the commutator element of No. 2 and The center position of the winding 10 of No. 1 is No. No. 1 commutator piece and No. 1 commutator piece. It coincides with the boundary line of the two commutator pieces.
【００１５】整流子１３にバネ圧を受けて接触する４本
のブラシ１２は、９０°間隔に配設されている。Ｍ1 、
Ｍ3 に対応するＢ1 、Ｂ3 で示されるブラシ１２はプラ
ス電源に、Ｍ2 、Ｍ4 に対応するＢ2 、Ｂ4 で示される
ブラシ１２はマイナス電源に夫々接続されている。そし
て各ブラシ１２は、図１にＡ線で示すように、界磁中心
軸線ｄに対し所定角θずれた回転位置に配設されてい
る。この所定角θは電気角で１０°〜４５°の範囲で選
定し、特にπ／８に選定することが好適である。The four brushes 12 which come into contact with the commutator 13 under spring pressure are arranged at 90 ° intervals. M 1 ,
The brushes 12 indicated by B 1 and B 3 corresponding to M 3 are connected to a positive power source, and the brushes 12 indicated by B 2 and B 4 corresponding to M 2 and M 4 are connected to a negative power source, respectively. Each brush 12 is arranged at a rotational position deviated by a predetermined angle θ with respect to the field center axis d, as indicated by line A in FIG. The predetermined angle θ is selected in the electrical angle range of 10 ° to 45 °, and it is particularly preferable to select π / 8.
【００１６】上記のように、巻線１０、整流子１３及び
ブラシ１２の関係位置を設定することにより、図１のＡ
線で示す位置で、各整流子片に与えられる電流の方向が
切替えられ、ひいては各巻線１０に流れる電流方向が切
替えられることにより、図１のＺ1 ゾーン及びＺ3 ゾー
ンでの各巻線１０ではＳ極の磁界が発生し、Ｚ2 ゾーン
及びＺ4 ゾーンでの各巻線１０ではＮ極の磁界が発生す
る。As described above, by setting the relative positions of the winding wire 10, the commutator 13 and the brush 12, A in FIG.
At the position indicated by the line, the direction of the current applied to each commutator element is switched, and the direction of the current flowing through each winding 10 is switched, so that each winding 10 in the Z 1 zone and Z 3 zone in FIG. An S-pole magnetic field is generated, and an N-pole magnetic field is generated in each winding 10 in the Z 2 zone and the Z 4 zone.
【００１７】このため本発明の直流モータは、マグネッ
トトルクを利用するのみならず、界磁中心軸線ｄの方向
のインダクタンスＬｄと中性軸線ｑの方向のインダクタ
ンスｑの差により生ずるリラクタンストルクを有効に利
用することができる。Therefore, the DC motor of the present invention not only utilizes the magnet torque, but also effectively utilizes the reluctance torque generated by the difference between the inductance Ld in the direction of the field center axis d and the inductance q in the direction of the neutral axis q. Can be used.
【００１８】本発明は上記実施例に示すものに限定され
ず、極数の異なるものや、巻線構造の異なるもの等に適
用することも可能である。The present invention is not limited to those shown in the above embodiments, but can be applied to those having different numbers of poles, different winding structures, and the like.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、マグネットトルクのみ
ならずリラクタンストルクをも有効に利用して、高速回
転においても比較的大きなトルクを出力できる直流モー
タを提供することができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a DC motor capable of outputting a relatively large torque even at high speed rotation by effectively utilizing not only the magnet torque but also the reluctance torque.
【図１】本発明の実施例を示す原理図。FIG. 1 is a principle diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】その巻線、整流子、ブラシ及び永久磁石の位置
関係を示す展開図。FIG. 2 is a development view showing the positional relationship among the winding, commutator, brush and permanent magnet.
【図３】従来例を示す原理図。FIG. 3 is a principle diagram showing a conventional example.
【図４】その巻線、整流子、ブラシ及び永久磁石の位置
関係を示す展開図。FIG. 4 is a development view showing the positional relationship among the winding, commutator, brush and permanent magnet.
２ ステータ部 ３ ロータ部 ７ 凸部 ８ 永久磁石 １０ 巻線 １２ ブラシ １３ 整流子 １６ ヨーク ２０ 電機子 ｄ 界磁中心軸線 2 stator part 3 rotor part 7 convex part 8 permanent magnet 10 winding 12 brush 13 commutator 16 yoke 20 armature d field center axis
Claims (1)
たアウター側のステータ部と、多数の巻線を有する電機
子及び前記巻線に流れる電流の方向を切替える整流子を
備えたインナー側のロータ部と、整流子に接触するブラ
シとを具備した直流モータにおいて、前記ヨークにモー
タの求心方向へ突出する凸部を前記永久磁石と同数設
け、これら凸部間に前記永久磁石を固定し、前記各巻線
に流れる電流方向が、界磁中心軸線から所定角ずれた回
転位置で切替わるように、前記巻線、整流子及びブラシ
の関係位置を設定したことを特徴とする直流モータ。1. An inner side provided with an outer side stator portion having a plurality of field permanent magnets and a yoke, an armature having a large number of windings, and a commutator for switching the direction of current flowing through the windings. In a DC motor including a rotor part and a brush that contacts a commutator, the yoke is provided with the same number of protrusions protruding in the centripetal direction of the motor as the permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are fixed between the protrusions. The DC motor is characterized in that the relative positions of the winding, the commutator and the brush are set so that the direction of the current flowing through each of the windings is switched at a rotational position deviated from the field center axis by a predetermined angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09339695A JP3439874B2 (en) | 1995-04-19 | 1995-04-19 | DC motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09339695A JP3439874B2 (en) | 1995-04-19 | 1995-04-19 | DC motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08294259A true JPH08294259A (en) | 1996-11-05 |
| JP3439874B2 JP3439874B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 |
Family
ID=14081149
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09339695A Expired - Fee Related JP3439874B2 (en) | 1995-04-19 | 1995-04-19 | DC motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3439874B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009261244A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2009-11-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Motor for electric power steering apparatus |
-
1995
- 1995-04-19 JP JP09339695A patent/JP3439874B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009261244A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2009-11-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Motor for electric power steering apparatus |
| JP2010213573A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2010-09-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Motor for electric power steering assembly |
| JP2012100531A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2012-05-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Motor for electric power steering device |
| JP2015208223A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2015-11-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Motor for electric power steering device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3439874B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 |
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