JPH0828474A - Refrigerant compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve refrigerating capacity by taking HFC refrigerant or mixed refrigerant containing HFC refrigerant as refrigerant, restraining hydrolysis caused by slide frictional heat through a process of removing moisture in refrigerant when polyor ester oil or alkylbenzene oil is used as oil for lubricating sliding members, and by preventing any metallic soap from being formed. CONSTITUTION:In a refrigerant compressor wherein a compression element 3 provided with sliding members such as a vane 12, a roller 10, etc., is housed in a closed container 1, HFC refrigerant or mixed refrigerant containing HFC refrigerant is used as refrigerant to be compressed by this compression element 3, and polyor ester oil or alkylbenzene oil is used as oil for lubricating the sliding members 10, 12, hygroscopic coating 28 is applied to a suction passage 22 for refrigerant formed on a cylinder block 7 of the compression element 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerant compressor using chlorofluorocarbon as a refrigerant, and more particularly to a refrigerant compressor having 1,1,1,2-
HFC such as tetrafluoroethane (hereinafter referred to as R134a) or a mixed refrigerant of this R134a, difluoromethane (R32) and pentafluoroethane (R125)
The present invention relates to a refrigerant compressor in which a refrigerating machine oil is a polyol ester series oil or an alkylbenzene series oil, which is a mixed refrigerant containing a system refrigerant or an HFC series refrigerant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Refrigerators, vending machines and compressors for showcases have conventionally used a large amount of dichlorodifluoromethane (referred to as R12) as a refrigerant. This R12 is subject to CFC regulation because of the problem of ozone layer destruction. Then, as an alternative refrigerant for R12, R134a is used.
Are being investigated for refrigerators (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-
No. 271491).

On the other hand, a compressor for an air conditioner such as an air conditioner has conventionally used a large amount of monochlorodifluoromethane (R22) as a refrigerant. However, this R22 also tends to be regulated next to R12 due to the above-mentioned problem of ozone layer destruction. And, as a refrigerant that can be substituted for this R22, a HFC-based mixed refrigerant containing 134a is a candidate, and a powerful combination is R134a, difluoromethane (R32) and pentafluoroethane (R1).
25) mixed refrigerant (for example, JP-A-3-170).
585).

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
134a has a poor compatibility with the refrigerating machine oil of the mineral oil currently used, and has problems such as deterioration of oil return to the compressor and suction of the separated refrigerant at the time of sleeping start, leading to poor lubrication of the compressor. .

Therefore, the present inventors have examined a polyol ester oil as a refrigerating machine oil compatible with the refrigerant R134a. However, when this polyol ester-based oil is used in a rotary compressor, the sliding members are corroded by the fatty acids generated by hydrolysis due to the sliding frictional heat at the line contact between the vane and the roller, which causes wear. Was caused.
Also, due to deterioration of the sliding member due to sliding friction, it reacts with metal such as abrasion powder to produce metal soap (a type of sludge), and this sludge causes blockage of the capillary tube in the refrigeration cycle, and There was a problem of reduced ability.

HFC containing R134a as a refrigerant
The same can be said when a mixed refrigerant of the system, for example, a mixed refrigerant of R134a, difluoromethane (R32) and pentafluoroethane (R125) is used.

The present invention solves the above problems.
When the refrigerant is a HFC-based refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant containing an HFC-based refrigerant in the refrigerant compressor and the oil for lubricating the sliding member is a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil, the water in the refrigerant is removed. It is intended to suppress hydrolysis due to sliding frictional heat, prevent generation of metal soap, and improve refrigerating capacity.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the refrigerant compressed by the compression element is HF.
In a refrigerant compressor in which a mixed refrigerant containing a C-based refrigerant or an HFC-based refrigerant is used, and an oil for lubricating a sliding member of the compression element is a polyol ester-based oil or an alkylbenzene-based oil, water is removed in a refrigerant suction passage of the compression element. A device is provided.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a compression element having sliding members such as vanes and rollers is housed in a closed container, and the refrigerant compressed by the compression element is an HFC type refrigerant or an HFC type refrigerant. In a refrigerant compressor in which a mixed refrigerant containing a refrigerant is used and an oil that lubricates the sliding member is a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil, a water removing device is provided in a refrigerant suction passage formed in a cylinder block of the compression element. It is provided.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a compression element having sliding members such as vanes and rollers is housed in a closed container, and the refrigerant compressed by the compression element is an HFC type refrigerant or an HFC type refrigerant. In a refrigerant compressor in which a mixed refrigerant containing a refrigerant is used and the oil that lubricates the sliding member is a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil, a moisture permeable film is formed in the refrigerant suction passage formed in the cylinder block of the compression element. It is provided with a water reservoir.

Further, according to the structure described in claim 4, a compression element having a sliding member such as a vane or a roller is housed in a closed container, and the refrigerant compressed by this compression element is an HFC type refrigerant or an HFC type refrigerant. In a refrigerant compressor in which a mixed refrigerant containing a refrigerant is used and the oil that lubricates the sliding member is a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil, a hygroscopic paint is formed in the refrigerant suction passage formed in the cylinder block of the compression element. It is applied.

[0012]

According to the present invention, the water content in the suction refrigerant can be removed by the water content removing device provided in the refrigerant suction passage of the compression element, even if sliding friction heat is generated in the sliding portion. The hydrolysis of the refrigerant can be suppressed, the generation of metal soap can be prevented, clogging in the refrigerant circuit can be prevented, and the refrigerating capacity can be improved. Here, since the moisture removing device is provided in the suction passage and the suction passage is on the low pressure side, the saturated moisture content is smaller than that on the high pressure side, and it is easy to remove the moisture.
Moisture can be removed efficiently with a simple and small water removal device.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the water removing device is provided in the suction passage of the cylinder block which is an existing component, the compressor is not upsized or has a complicated structure. Even so, since the cylinder block has a considerably high temperature during the operation of the compressor, the efficiency of water removal can be further improved.

In addition to the effects described above, according to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect described above, only the water in the refrigerant is concentrated and stored in one place, which is the water reservoir, and the heat of the cylinder block collectively removes it efficiently. can do.

Further, according to the structure of claim 4, the moisture in the refrigerant can be effectively removed without alienating the flow of the refrigerant passing through the suction passage by the simple structure of applying the hygroscopic paint to the suction passage. The performance of the compressor is not deteriorated.

As described above, according to the first to fourth aspects, the water content in the refrigerant can be effectively removed by the compressor, so that the refrigerant purity ( It is not necessary to perform strict control on the amount of mixed water) and the amount of mixed water in the refrigeration cycle, and the production process management becomes simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a rotary compressor. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a closed container in which an electric element 2 is housed on the upper side and a rotary compression element 3 driven by the electric element is housed on the lower side. The electric element 2 is composed of a stator 5 having a winding 4 insulated with an organic material, and a rotor 6 provided inside the stator.

The rotary compression element 3 includes a cylinder 7 and a rotary shaft 8.
A roller 10 which rotates along the inner wall of the cylinder 7 by the eccentric portion 9 and a vane 12 which is pressed against the peripheral surface of the roller 7 and is pressed by a spring 11 so as to divide the inside of the cylinder 7 into a suction side and a discharge side. And an upper bearing 13 and a lower bearing 14 that seal the opening of the cylinder 7 and that pivotally support the rotary shaft 8.

The upper bearing 13 is provided with a discharge hole 15 which communicates with the discharge side of the cylinder 7. Further, a discharge valve 16 that opens and closes the discharge hole 15 and a discharge muffler 17 that covers the discharge valve are attached to the upper bearing 13.

The vanes 12 are formed of high speed steel (SKH) or FRM material impregnated with aggregate preformed aluminum of silicon carbide whiskers. The roller 10 is made of an iron-based material.

An oil 18 of a polyol ester type oil is stored at the bottom of the closed container 1. The oil lubricates the sliding surface between the vane 12 and the roller 10 that is the sliding member of the rotary compression element 3. In this case, the oil may be an alkylbenzene-based oil such as HAB or fluoro oil.

The refrigerant that flows into the cylinder 7 of the rotary compression element 3 and is compressed by the cooperation of the roller 10 and the vane 12 has a compatibility R with the oil 18 of the polyol ester type oil.
It is formed of 134a.

Here, the refrigerant and oil sealed in the closed container 1 differ depending on the difference in evaporation temperature, that is, the application. For example, a low-temperature device such as a home refrigerator may be a combination of the above, but a high-temperature device such as an air conditioner may use R134a as a refrigerant.
HFC-based mixed refrigerant containing, for example, R134a, difluoromethane (R32) and pentafluoroethane (R12
A mixed refrigerant with 5) is used, and a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil is used as the oil.

Reference numeral 19 is a suction pipe attached to the closed container 1 to guide the refrigerant to the suction side of the cylinder 7. Reference numeral 20 is attached to the upper wall of the closed container 1 and is compressed by the rotary compression element 3 via the electric element 2. A discharge pipe for discharging the refrigerant to the outside of the closed container 1.

Reference numeral 21 is a water removing device provided in the refrigerant suction passage 22 of the cylinder 7. This water removing device is formed in the cylinder 7 and has a recess 23 formed by tapering the inlet side and the outlet side thereof, and a recess 23 which is housed in the center of the recess 23 and is tapered in the direction of the refrigerant flow. Through holes 2
4 and a desiccant molded body 25 containing a component such as Shigakeru.

In the rotary compressor constructed as described above, the refrigerant R134a flowing from the suction pipe 19 into the suction side of the cylinder 7 is compressed by the cooperation of the roller 10 and the vane 12 and passes through the discharge hole 15. The discharge valve 16 is opened to discharge into the discharge muffler 17. The refrigerant in the discharge muffler is discharged from the discharge pipe 20 to the outside of the closed container 1 via the electric element 2. The oil 18 is the roller 1 of the rotary compression element 3.
0 and vanes 12 are supplied to the sliding surfaces of sliding members for lubrication. Further, the refrigerant compressed in the cylinder 7 is prevented from leaking to the low pressure side.

Since the water removing device 21 is provided in the refrigerant suction passage 22 of the cylinder 7, the water in the suction refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant suction passage 22 can be adsorbed and removed, and the rollers 10 and the vanes 12 can be removed. Even if sliding frictional heat is generated at the sliding part of, the hydrolysis of the refrigerant can be suppressed,
The generation of metallic soap can be prevented, clogging in the refrigerant circuit can be prevented, and the refrigerating capacity can be improved.

Here, the water removing device 21 has a suction passage 22.
Since the suction passage 22 is provided on the low pressure side, the saturated moisture content is smaller than that on the high pressure side and the moisture can be easily removed. Therefore, the moisture can be efficiently removed by the simple and small-sized water removing device 21.

In addition, the water removing device 21 smoothes the refrigerant flow by tapering the inlet side and the outlet side of the recess 23 formed in the cylinder 7, while at the same time penetrating a plurality of desiccant moldings 25. Since the holes 24 are tapered in the direction in which the refrigerant flows to allow the refrigerant to smoothly pass through the through holes 24, the performance of the compressor is not hindered.

In addition, since the water removing device 21 is provided in the cylinder 7 which has a high temperature even in the components of the compressor,
The efficiency of water removal can be further improved.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, in which the water removing unit 21 is connected to the refrigerant suction passage 22 formed in the cylinder block 7, and a water reservoir 27 and the water reservoir 2 are formed.
7 and a water permeable membrane 26 made of a thin film material such as polyamide-imide and interposed between the refrigerant suction passage 22.

In this case, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, only the water in the refrigerant can be concentrated and stored in one place, which is the water reservoir 27, and the heat of the cylinder block 7 can be collectively removed efficiently by evaporation. it can.

Further, FIG. 4 also shows another embodiment, in which the moisture removing device 21 is applied to the refrigerant suction passage 22 formed in the cylinder block 7 with the hygroscopic coating material 28.

In this case, the hygroscopic paint 2 is placed in the suction passage 22.
With the simple structure of applying No. 8, water in the refrigerant can be effectively removed without obstructing the refrigerant flow passing through the suction passage 22, and the performance of the compressor is not deteriorated.

As described above, according to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, since the water in the refrigerant can be effectively removed by the compressor, the refrigerant purity (in the production process control of the compressor and the refrigerator using the compressor) ( It is not necessary to perform strict control on the amount of mixed water) and the amount of mixed water in the refrigeration cycle, and the production process management becomes simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

In the present invention, the rotary compressor has been described as an example, but it goes without saying that it can be applied to a reciprocating compressor.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, with the structure of claim 1, it is possible to remove the water in the sucked refrigerant by the water removing device provided in the refrigerant suction passage of the compression element, and the sliding portion. Even if sliding frictional heat is generated, it is possible to suppress the hydrolysis of the refrigerant, prevent the formation of metal soap,
It is possible to prevent clogging in the refrigerant circuit and improve the refrigerating capacity. Here, since the moisture removing device is provided in the suction passage and the suction passage is on the low pressure side, the saturated moisture content is smaller and the moisture can be easily removed compared to the high pressure side. Can remove water.

Further, according to the structure of claim 2, since the water removing device is provided in the suction passage of the cylinder block which is an existing component, the compressor is not upsized or has a complicated structure. Even so, since the cylinder block has a considerably high temperature during the operation of the compressor, the efficiency of water removal can be further improved.

In addition to the effects described above, according to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect described above, only the water in the refrigerant is concentrated and stored in one place, which is the water reservoir, and the heat of the cylinder block collectively removes it efficiently. can do.

Further, according to the structure of claim 4, by the simple structure of applying the hygroscopic paint to the suction passage, the water in the refrigerant can be effectively removed without alienating the refrigerant flow passing through the suction passage. The performance of the compressor is not deteriorated.

Further, according to the first to fourth aspects, since the water in the refrigerant can be effectively removed by the compressor, the refrigerant purity (mixed water content) can be controlled in the production process control of the compressor and the refrigerator using the compressor. It is not necessary to perform strict control on the amount of water) and the amount of water mixed in the refrigeration cycle, and the production process control becomes simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a rotary compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airtight container 3 Rotary compression element 10 Roller 12 Vanes 18 Oil 21 Moisture removal device 22 Refrigerant suction passage 24 Through hole 25 Desiccant molding

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A refrigerant compression in which a refrigerant compressed by a compression element is an HFC refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant containing an HFC refrigerant, and an oil lubricating a sliding member of the compression element is a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil. Refrigerant compressor, wherein a water removing device is provided in a refrigerant suction passage of the compression element. 2. A compression element having a sliding member such as a vane or a roller is housed in a closed container, and the refrigerant compressed by the compression element is an HFC-based refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant containing an HFC-based refrigerant, and the sliding operation is performed. In a refrigerant compressor in which an oil for lubricating a moving member is a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil, a water removing device is provided in a refrigerant suction passage formed in a cylinder block of the compression element. Machine. 3. A hermetically sealed container is provided with a compression element having sliding members such as vanes and rollers, and the refrigerant compressed by the compression element is an HFC-based refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant containing an HFC-based refrigerant, and the sliding operation is performed. In a refrigerant compressor in which the oil that lubricates the moving member is a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil, a water reservoir is provided in the refrigerant suction passage formed in the cylinder block of the compression element via a water permeable membrane. Characteristic refrigerant compressor. 4. A compression element having a sliding member such as a vane or a roller is housed in a closed container, and a refrigerant compressed by the compression element is an HFC-based refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant containing an HFC-based refrigerant, and the sliding element is used. In a refrigerant compressor in which an oil for lubricating a moving member is a polyol ester oil or an alkylbenzene oil, a hygroscopic coating is applied to a refrigerant suction passage formed in a cylinder block of the compression element. Machine.