JPH08281492A - Rotary type powder compression molding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To easily take out a green compact from the inside of a mortar. CONSTITUTION: This is a rotary type compression molding machine A where a rotary stand 3 is arranged horizontally rotating through a vertical shaft 2, plural numbers of mortars 4 are installed on the rotary stand 3 in a prescribed pitch, an upper stamp 5 and a lower stamp 6 are held freely vertically sliding on the upper and lower sides of each mortar 4, and which has a compression molding part 9 to insert the upper stamp inside the mortar 4, to introduce these upper stamps 5 and lower stamps 6 between the upper and lower rolls and to compression mold the powder inside the mortar 4. The compression molding part 9 has two pairs of upper and lower rolls to be arranged so that a real compression molding is executed at the position separated by a prescribed distance after a pre-compression is executed, and a lubricant, is supplied at least inside the mortar 4 between the section of separating the prescribed distance during the upper stamp 5 is pulled out from the inside of mortar 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary powder compression molding machine for compressing powder to mold tablets and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a rotary powder compression molding machine for molding tablets, electronic parts, etc., a rotary disk is horizontally rotatably arranged via a vertical shaft, and a plurality of dies are arranged on the rotary disk at a predetermined pitch. It is known that an upper punch and a lower punch are slidably held above and below each die. However, in this type of rotary powder compression molding machine, the pressure during the compression molding of the powder is evenly transmitted, the fluidity of the powder is improved, and the molded product does not adhere to the die or punch. In order to do so (prevent sticking, binding, etc.), a powder lubricant is generally added at the time of molding. Lubricants used for such purposes are usually the upper punch, before the powder is introduced into the die.
It is supplied by spraying on the lower punch and the inner wall of the die.

[0003]

By the way, in order to prevent the above-mentioned sticking, binding, etc.,
Since it is necessary to sufficiently reduce the friction between the punch and the die and to reduce the sticking rate between the punch and the product, it is necessary to use a considerable amount of lubricant. However, if such a lubricant is excessively supplied, it will be mixed with the powder of the raw material and the binding property of the powder will be deteriorated. As a result, problems such as insufficient strength of the product and markedly reduced disintegration occur. On the other hand, a lubricating liquid which is not a powder used in view of such a problem may be scattered to other parts when it is supplied into the die, and it may be difficult to supply it into the die. Also,
It may be absorbed by the raw material powder and may not exert the effect as a lubricant.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate such a problem.

[0005]

The present invention takes the following means in order to achieve such an object.
That is, in the rotary powder compression molding machine according to the present invention, a rotary disk is disposed so as to be horizontally rotatable via a vertical shaft, and a plurality of dies are provided on the rotary disk at a predetermined pitch, and the dies are provided above and below each dies. A rotary compression molding machine that holds an upper punch and a lower punch so that they can slide up and down, and inserts the upper punch into the die and guides the upper punch and the lower punch between the upper and lower rolls to move the What comprises a compression molding part for compressing and molding powder, wherein the compression molding part is arranged so as to be fully compressed at a position separated by a predetermined distance after being preliminarily compressed. It is characterized in that it is provided with a roll and is provided with a supply means for supplying at least the lubricant into the die while the upper punch is being pulled out from the die in the section separated by the predetermined distance.

As a concrete mode of the supplying means, an injection device for spraying the lubricant in the die and a lubricant stored in the upper surface are dropped into the die through a brush planted in the lower surface. One that can be mentioned is a brush device.

[0007]

With such a construction, the supply means supplies the lubricant at least into the die in a state of being compression-molded by the upper and lower rolls on one side. That is, since the powder is in a state of being molded by the upper and lower rolls on one side, mixing of the lubricant into the powder is significantly reduced and the powder adheres to the inner surface of the die and the surface of the molded product. Therefore, the lubricant is not excessively supplied and the binding property of the powder is not deteriorated. Further, even if the lubricant is a liquid, it is hardly absorbed by the powder, so that the lubricant can be effectively operated. As a result, sticking and binding can be prevented.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a rotary powder compression molding machine A according to the present invention.
Shows the overall configuration of. This rotary powder compression molding machine A
In the frame 1, a turntable 3 is horizontally rotatably disposed via a vertical shaft 2, a plurality of dies 4 are provided on the turntable 3 at a predetermined pitch, and upper and lower punches 5 are provided above and below each mortar 4. Also, the lower punch 6 is held so as to be slidable up and down.

More specifically, a vertical shaft 2 supported by a bearing 21 is arranged in the substantially central portion of the frame 1.
A worm wheel 22 is fixed near the lower end of the standing shaft 2, and the worm wheel 22 is attached to the worm wheel 22.
The rotational driving force of the motor 25 is transmitted via the motor 3 and the belt 24. And this standing shaft 2
A turntable 3 which is divided into three functional parts is fixed near the upper end of the. The turntable 3 includes a lower punch holding portion 31 which is provided in a lower portion of the turntable 3 and which holds the lower punch 6 slidably in the vertical direction, and an upper punch which is provided in an upper portion and holds the upper punch 5 slidably in the vertical direction. Holding part 32, upper punch holding part 32 and lower punch holding part 31 thereof
And a mortar portion 33 which is provided between the mortar 4 and the mortar 4 for detachably fitting the mortar 4 and is provided on the same circumference. Upper punch holding part 32 and lower punch holding part 31
Has a plurality of punch holding holes for slidably holding the upper punch 5 and the lower punch 6, respectively. In this turntable 3, the lower punch 6, the upper punch 5, and the die 4 are provided with punch-holding holes and die-mounting holes, respectively, so that the centers of the lower punch 6, the upper punch 5, and the die 4 are located on the same straight line. There is.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotary powder compression molding machine A includes a powder filling section 7, a powder sliding section 8, a compression molding section 9, and a product unloading section 10. Are sequentially provided along the rotation direction of the turntable 3 (indicated by an arrow in FIG. 2).

The powder filling section 7 is configured such that the lower punch 6 is lowered by the lowering device 71 and the powder P supplied onto the rotating disk 3 is introduced into the die 4 by the feed shoe 72.
The powder P is supplied to the rotating disk 3 by the powder supply mechanism 73.

The powder sliding section 8 raises the lower punch 6 to a predetermined position by the quantity rail 82, and the powder P overflowing from the inside of the die 4 by the raising of the lower punch 6 is slid on the mill 4 by the sliding cut plates 83 and 84. It is designed to be removed from the.

The compression molding section 9 guides the upper punch 5 to the guide rail 14
Down along the descending inclined surface 14a of the
The upper punch lowering safety cam 91 for inserting into the inside and the upper punch 5 and the lower punch 6 with the tips of the punches inserted into the die 4 are restrained from above and below to preliminarily compress the powder P in the die 4. The lower pre-compressing rolls 92 and 93, the upper punch 5 and the lower punch 6 are constrained from above and below to fully compress the powder P in the die 4, and the lower main compression rolls 94 and 95 In the section L between the compression roll 92 and the upper main compression roll 94, the ascending guide surface 14b for elevating the upper punch 5 to a state where it is pulled out from the die 4 and the ascending guide surface 14
b and a rising safety cam 96 forming a pair, and upper and lower pre-compression rolls 92 and 93 and upper and lower main compression rolls 94 and 95 have the same construction as the conventional one. Is doing. The guide rail 14 is arranged along the circumference of the turntable 3 so that the rolling roller 5a rotatably attached to the side surface of the upper punch 5 rolls on the upper surface thereof. The guide rail 14 of this embodiment is configured so that an annular shape as a whole can be divided into a plurality of rails, and the ascending guide surface 14b can be removed while the other parts are fixed. ing. On the other hand, the upper pre-compression roll 9
The jetting device J is installed on the turntable 3 so that the tip of the nozzle J1 is located on the moving path of the mortar 4 between the main roll 2 and the main compression roll 94.
Is arranged in the vicinity of. The injection device J is shown in FIGS.
As shown in, the nozzle J1 and a mounting base J2 capable of adjusting the height of the nozzle J1 are provided.

The nozzle J1 holds the conduit J1a and the base end of the conduit J1a, and independently supplies the conduit J1a with high pressure air supplied from the outside and a lubricant as a lubricant, to the conduit J1a.
It has and. The base J1b is mounted on a mounting base J2, which will be described later, so that its height can be adjusted. The nozzle J1 has a double-tube structure, in which the lubricating fluid flows through the inner pipe located inside, and high-pressure air is generated in the gap between the inner pipe of the outer pipe having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the inner pipe. It's flowing. In this nozzle J1, the lubricating liquid is atomized by utilizing the negative pressure generated at the tip portion, instead of injecting the lubricating liquid under pressure. That is, when high-pressure air is passed through the outer tube, the nozzle J
Negative pressure is generated at the tip portion of 1. Due to this negative pressure, the lubricating liquid existing at the tip of the inner tube is sucked out and scattered in an approximately spherical shape along the extension line of the tip.

The mounting base J2 has a fixing base J21 having a U-shaped cross section and having a fixing long hole J2a for facilitating alignment with the die 4, and a base plate fixed to the upper surface of the fixing base J21. J22, a front wall J23 fixed to the front edge of the base plate J22, a guide shaft J24 standing on one side surface side of the base plate J22, and a nozzle that can be moved vertically by being guided by the guide shaft J24. A fixed block J25, a height adjusting plate J26 attached to the upper surface of the nozzle fixing block J25, a ceiling plate J27 fixed to the upper end of the front wall J23 and fixing the upper end of the guide shaft J24, and a height adjusting bolt J28 are provided. There is. Nozzle fixing block J25
Has an L-shape when viewed from above, the front portion J25a has a large thickness, and the guide shaft J24 is penetrated through the front portion J25a. Further, the front portion J25a has a through hole J25b having a long hole in cross section from the front to the rear, and a female screw hole J23a is provided in the front wall J23 corresponding to the through hole J25b. Guide shaft J24
Has threads formed on the upper and lower ends, and the middle part thereof is a relatively thick cylinder. Further, the ceiling board J27 has a female screw hole J27a into which a height adjusting bolt J28 is screwed.
Has been drilled.

In such a structure, the base plate J22, to which the front wall J23 is fixed, is attached to the fixed base J21,
After inserting the male screw screwed into the female screw hole J23a of the front wall J23 into the through hole J25a of the nozzle fixing block J25, the guide shaft J24 is attached to the nozzle fixing block J25.
And the guide shaft J24 is erected on the base plate J22. Then, with the tip of the height adjusting bolt J28 rotatably connected to the height adjusting plate J26 fixed to the nozzle fixing block J25, the ceiling plate J27 is attached to the front wall J2.
Fix at the top of 3. After the mounting base J2 is assembled, the base J1 of the nozzle J1 is attached to the side surface of the nozzle fixing block J25.
Fix b with bolts. At this time, the mount J2 is fixed so that the tip of the nozzle J1 is positioned on the locus of the center of the die 4. The height of the nozzle J1 is adjusted by rotating the height adjusting bolt J28 so that the nozzle J1 is positioned between the turntable 3 and the upper punch 5. That is, when the height adjusting bolt J28 is rotated, the height adjusting plate J26 moves up or down depending on the rotation direction.
Corresponding to the movement of the height adjusting plate J26, the nozzle fixing block J25 is guided by the guide shaft J24 and moves up and down. When the adjustment is completed in this way, the height adjusting bolt J28 is fastened and fixed by the nut N,
The nozzle fixing block J25 is prevented from descending due to vibrations or the like to prevent the height from changing.

The product take-out section 10 has an upwardly inclined surface 14c of a guide rail 14 for raising the upper punch 5 and pulling it out from the die 4.
A push-up roll 101 that urges the lower punch 6 upward to move the product Q in the die 4 upward by a required amount, and a lower punch 6 is guided further upward to push the product Q completely out of the die 4. The push-up rails 102 and 103 and the guide plate 105 that guides the extruded product Q laterally and guides it to the chute 104 have the same configuration as the conventional one.

Next, the operation of this compression molding machine will be described. The lower punch 6 at the stage of passing the product take-out section 10 is held at the highest position. When the lower punch 6 is moved to the powder filling section 7 by the rotation of the turntable 3, the lower punch 6 is first lowered to the middle position by the guiding action of the lowering unit first half portion 75, and is guided by the lowering unit second half portion 77. It is pulled down to a lower position. On the way,
The powder P supplied from the powder supply mechanism 73 onto the rotary disk 3 is uniformly introduced by the powder guiding action of the feed shoe 72. Then, when the lower punch 6 rides on the quantity rail 82, the lower punch 6 is slightly lifted to reach a predetermined height position, and the mortar 4 is filled with the set amount of powder P. By passing through the slide-cutting plates 83 and 84 in this state, the powder P overflowing onto the mortar 4 is cut off and collected near the center of the rotary disk 3. Then, the upper punch 5
And the tip of the punch is inserted into the die 4, and the upper punch 5
And the lower pestle 6 between the upper and lower pre-compression rollers 92 and 93, and
The powder P in the die 4 is compression-molded by passing between the upper and lower main compression rollers 94 and 95.

Here, after the upper punch 5 and the lower punch 6 have passed between the upper and lower pre-compression rollers 92 and 93, the upper punch 5 has a rolling roller 5a as shown by an imaginary line in FIG. Ascending guide surface 14b
Is rolled out of the mortar 4 and held at a position above the mortar 4. When the mortar 4 passes through the nozzle J1 of the injection device J, the upper surface of the mortar 4 is open (FIG. 7), and the nozzle J1
When the lubricating fluid is jetted from the lubricating fluid, the lubricating fluid is supplied into the die 4.
At this time, the lubricating liquid is not ejected only below the nozzle J1 but is ejected in a substantially spherical shape, so that the lubricating liquid also reaches the upper punch 5 above the nozzle J1. Moreover, at this time, since the powder P is preliminarily compressed by the upper and lower pre-compression rollers 92 and 93, the powder P is not in a powder state but solidified, so that the surface thereof is completely formed after the main compression. It is softer than the powder but harder than the powder. Therefore, the fog-like lubricating fluid supplied into the mortar 4 is
The powder P adheres to the upper surface of the powder P without being absorbed, and penetrates between the mortar 4 and the side surface. After this, the upper punch 5 descends again and the tip of the punch is inserted into the die 4, and the upper punch 5
And the lower punch 6 passes between the upper and lower main compression rollers 94, 95, whereby the powder P in the die 4 is compression-molded in earnest.

After the molding, the upper punch 5 is first lifted and pulled out from the die 4 in the product take-out portion 10, and then the lower punch 6 is pushed up by the push-up roller 101 and the push-up rails 102 and 103 so that the product inside the die 4 is pushed. Q is pushed out onto the turntable 3. Then, the product Q is guided onto the chute 104 by the guiding action of the guide plate 105 and guided to the outside of the compression molding machine A.

As described above, the predetermined product Q can be manufactured by repeatedly and continuously compressing and molding the powder P. Further, since the lubricant is supplied to the die 4 and the upper punch 5 during the pre-compression and the main compression, the lubricant is hardly absorbed by the raw material powder P. Therefore, the function of the lubricating fluid can be fully exerted, and sticking and binding can be reliably prevented.

Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
Will be described with reference to. In addition, a brush device B that is a supply unit
The configuration of the apparatus other than the above is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

In this other embodiment, the supply means has a brush B1b in which the lubricating liquid stored in the upper surface portion is planted in the lower surface.
It is configured by a brush device B that drops into the mortar 4 via the. That is, the brush device B has a storage portion B1a on the upper surface thereof, and a brush body B1 in which a nylon brush B1b is planted below the storage portion B1a,
A mounting bracket B2 that detachably holds the brush body B1, and
A brush cover B3 that covers the upper part of the brush body B1, a mounting bracket B4 that mounts the mounting bracket B2, a nozzle bracket B6 that fixes a micro-adjustment valve B5 that adjusts the discharge amount of the lubricating fluid to the mounting bracket B4, and a mounting bracket B4. And a mounting base J2 for adjusting the mounting height. The mounting base J2 is similar to the mounting base J2 of the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore its explanation is omitted.

The brush main body B1 is formed of a rectangular thick plate, and the brush B1b is planted from the tip portion to a length of about ½ in the longitudinal direction. A through hole B1c communicating with the storage portion B1a is bored on the base end side of the brush B1b so that the lubricating liquid existing in the storage portion B1a can descend along the surface of the brush B1b. In addition, an inclined groove B1d that guides the lubricating liquid discharged from the supply pipe B5a attached to the minute adjustment valve B5 to the storage portion B1a is provided continuously to the storage portion B1a.

The mounting bracket B2 has a mounting portion B2a into which the brush main body B1 is fitted, on the tip side thereof. Mounting part B2
Reference character a denotes a substantially rectangular opening having a stepped portion that supports the tip of the brush body B1, the side portion and the rear end of the inclined groove B1d, and when the brush body B1 is fitted,
And the upper surface of the mounting bracket B2 are substantially flush with each other. Then, attach the brush body B1 to the mounting portion B2a.
The entire brush body B1 with the metal fitting B2
The brush cover B3 is attached so as to be in close contact with and cover the upper surface of the brush cover B3. The brush cover B3 has a through hole B3a at a position corresponding to the tip of the supply pipe B5a on the rear end side, and the supply pipe B3 has a through hole B3a.
The front surface, the side surface, and the upper surface are surrounded so that the lubricating liquid dropped from 5a does not scatter.

The mounting bracket B4 has a metal fitting mounting portion B4a for mounting the mounting metal fitting B2 at its tip portion, and is fixed to the side surface of the nozzle fixing block J25 of the mounting base J2. A nozzle bracket B6 is fixed to the side surface of the mounting bracket B4 at the substantially central portion. The nozzle bracket B6 is an inverted L-shaped metal fitting, the vertical wall of which is fixed to the mounting bracket B4, and the minute adjustment valve B5 is mounted on the horizontal wall. A long hole B4b that is long in the longitudinal direction of the mounting bracket B4 is formed near the rear end.
A bolt is inserted into the elongated hole B4b when fixing it to the nozzle fixing block J25, and the position of the mounting bracket B4 in the longitudinal direction can be adjusted.

In such a structure, the brush body B1
To the mounting bracket B2, and the brush cover B3 is fixed to the mounting bracket B2. Attach this mounting bracket B2 to the mounting bracket B
No. 4 is fixed to the mounting bracket B4, and the nozzle bracket B6 to which the minute adjustment valve B5 to which the supply pipe B5a is attached is fixed to the mounting bracket B4. The assembly of the brush device B is completed by fixing the thus assembled brush portion to the mount J2. The mount J2 is positionally adjusted and fixed in the vicinity of the turntable 3 in the compression molding section 9 as in the above-described embodiment. Specifically, the position of the brush B1b of the brush main body B1 is adjusted so that the center of the brush B1b coincides with the center of the mortar 4, and the mount J2 is fixed. The height of the brush portion is adjusted in the same manner as in the above embodiment, and the height of the brush B1b is adjusted so that the lower end of the brush B1b slightly enters the die 4. That is, when the mortar 4 passes under the brush B1b, the tip end portion of the brush B1b that has been bristled in a range corresponding to the opening area of the mortar 4 is mortar 4.
Enter the inside so that the lubricating fluid is surely dropped into the mortar 4. In this case, the brush B1 is directly applied to the pre-compressed powder P.
Adjust so that the tip of b does not touch. Moreover, the height of the brush cover B3 is adjusted so as to be lower than the tip position of the upper punch 5 held by being pulled out from the die 4.

As described above, the brush device B has the brush B1.
Since b is attached so that the surface of the turntable 3 always comes into sliding contact with the tip of the brush 4 into the die 4, when the tip of the brush B1b enters the die 4, the brush B1b is passed through the through hole B1c. The lubricant in the reservoir B1a that has reached the temperature is treated by the brush at the opening edge of the die 4,
It drops downward along the inner wall of the mortar 4 and also drops onto the upper surface of the pre-compressed powder P. Therefore, since the lubricating liquid exists on the side surface and the upper surface of the pre-compressed powder P, sticking and binding when the product Q after main compression is extracted from the die 4 can be reliably prevented. Further, since the brush body B1 is detachably attached to the mounting bracket B2, for example, if the brush B1b having a different length depending on the type is prepared for the product Q, pre-compression from the surface of the turntable is possible. When the distance to the upper surface of the powder P afterwards is different, it is possible to supply the lubricant without re-adjusting the height of the mounting base J2 and without bringing the tip of the brush B1b into sliding contact with the powder P. it can. Also, brush cover B
Since 3 covers the tip of the supply pipe B5a and covers the upper surface of the brush body B1, the lubricating fluid is affected by the flow of the surrounding air even when it falls from the supply pipe B5a to the brush body B1. Without, surely tilted groove B1
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the powder P and the like from being mixed in the storage portion B1a.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and for example, the case of using a liquid lubricant as the lubricant has been described, but in the above embodiments, the lubricant is used. A powder lubricant may be used instead of the liquid lubricant.

In another embodiment, the brush body B
In FIG. 1, the brush B1b is planted only on the lower surface thereof, but the brush B1b may be planted on the upper surface position of the storage portion B1a. That is, the storage part B1a may be formed in the middle of the brushes B1b provided on the upper and lower sides, and the upper punch 5 with which the upper brush is pulled out may be in sliding contact. In this way, the sticking liquid can be positively applied to the upper punch 5 to further effectively prevent sticking.

Besides, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0033]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention has the structure described above, the feeding means feeds the lubricant into at least the die in a state where the powder is preliminarily compression-molded by the upper and lower rolls on one side. Therefore, mixing of the lubricant into the powder is remarkably reduced, and a decrease in binding property can be prevented. Since the powder has been preliminarily compressed, the powder is solidified, and the lubricant can be reliably attached to the inner surface of the die and the surface of the molded product. Further, even if it is a liquid lubricant, since it is not in a powder state in the die when it is supplied, it is possible to almost completely prevent the liquid lubricant from being absorbed by the powder. The material can function efficiently. As a result, sticking and binding can be effectively prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the top of a turntable of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view showing a developed rotary disc of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing an enlarged main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the injection device of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the injection device of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view showing a schematic mounting state of the injection device of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view showing a mounting state of a brush device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a brush device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a brush device, which is also the same as the other embodiment except for the mounting base.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 ... Vertical shaft 3 ... Rotating plate 4 ... Mortar 5 ... Upper punch 6 ... Lower punch 7 ... Powder filling section 8 ... Powder sliding section 9 ... Compression molding section 10 ... Product take-out section 92 ... Upper pre-compression roll 93 ... Lower pre Compression roll 94 ... Upper compression roll 95 ... Lower compression roll B ... Brush device J ... Injection device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotary disk is horizontally rotatably arranged via a vertical shaft, and a plurality of dies are provided on the rotary disk at a predetermined pitch, and upper and lower punches are vertically slid above and below each mortar. It is a rotary compression molding machine that is held as much as possible, and inserts an upper punch into the die, guides the upper punch and the lower punch, and guides them between lower rolls to compress the powder in the die. The compression molding section is provided with two pairs of upper and lower rolls arranged so as to be fully compressed at positions separated by a predetermined distance after preliminary compression, and the compression molding sections are separated by the predetermined distance. A rotary compression molding machine comprising a supply means for supplying at least lubricant into the die while the upper punch is being removed from the die in the section. 2. The rotary compression molding machine according to claim 1, wherein the supply means is an injection device for spraying the lubricant into the die. 3. The rotary compression apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the supply means is a brush device for dropping the lubricant stored on the upper surface into the die through a brush planted on the lower surface. Molding machine.