JPH08280626A - Ophthalmologic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To achieve higher operability with limited switching operation by arranging a detection means to detect a measuring means moving beyond a specified range and a shifting mean to shift the measuring means to readiness for inspection and measurement intrinsic to the apparatus based on a detection signal from the detection means. CONSTITUTION: When a power switch arranged in an AC adaptor 9 is turned ON, a power source is supplied to a microcomputer 70 and when a joystick 4 is operated to move a moving base 3 horizontally, a microswitch 56 detects the horizontal switching and a detection signal is inputted into the microcomputer 70. As a result, the microcomputer 70 works to drive a display device 11 while the power source is supplied to other measuring system circuits to shift the apparatus to readiness for measuring operation. With the entry of a measuring mode, a measuring section 5 is moved horizontally and longitudinally together with the moving base 3 by the operation of the joy-stick 4 so that a sight mark meets a specified relationship with an anterior ocular segment image. The measuring section 5 is moved vertically to perform an alignment by operation of turning a rotary knob 4a.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus for inspecting and measuring an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ophthalmologic devices such as an eye refractive power measuring device and a cornea shape measuring device are known. With these conventional devices,
First, turn on the power switch to supply power to the measurement system, etc., and make it ready for measurement. Next, the alignment adjustment is performed while observing the eye to be inspected through the observation system, and when the alignment is completed, the measurement start switch is pressed to perform the measurement. Usually, the measurement is performed on the left and right sides of the eye to be inspected, and when the measurement results for both eyes are complete, a switch operation is performed to print out or transfer the measurement data to another device. When finishing the measurement, turn off the power switch to cut off the power supply.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned device, various switch operations must be performed one by one from the start to the end of measurement, which is a problem. Further, it is desirable to arrange the switch at the hand of the examiner in order to improve the operability, but there is a problem that the arrangement mechanism becomes complicated and the cost becomes high. In view of the above problems of the conventional device, it is a technical object of the present invention to provide an ophthalmologic device having a good operability in which a switch operation is unnecessary as much as possible.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration. (1) In an ophthalmologic apparatus including a measuring unit for inspecting and measuring an eye to be inspected, a moving unit that moves the measuring unit with respect to a base, and the moving unit detects that the measuring unit moves beyond a predetermined range. And a shift means for shifting the measuring means to an inspection-specific measurement-specific state of the apparatus based on a detection signal from the detecting means.

(2) The transition means of (1) is characterized in that it has power supply means for supplying power to the electric system of the measuring means of the ophthalmologic apparatus.

(3) The detecting means of (1) is a detecting means for detecting the lateral movement of the measuring means.

(4) The ophthalmologic apparatus according to (1) further includes a detection means for detecting the alignment state of the eye to be inspected, a determination means for determining the suitability of the alignment based on the detection result by the detection means, and the determination means. And a measurement command means for commanding the measurement start by the measuring means when it is determined that the alignment state is within a predetermined allowable range.

(5) The ophthalmologic apparatus of (1) further includes a print / output means for printing the measurement result or outputting the data, and the above-mentioned detection means for detecting that the measurement data is obtained. And a control unit for operating the printing / outputting unit.

(6) The ophthalmologic apparatus according to (5) is characterized by further having means for returning from an inspection-measurable state peculiar to the apparatus to an impossible state when the operation of the printing / outputting means is completed. .

(7) In an ophthalmologic apparatus having a measuring means for measuring an eye to be inspected, a detecting means for detecting an alignment state of the eye to be inspected, and a judging means for judging whether or not the alignment is appropriate based on the detection result by the detecting means. When the determination means determines that the alignment state is within a predetermined allowable range, a measurement command means for instructing the measurement start by the measurement means, and a predetermined number of measurement data satisfying a predetermined standard by the measurement means are obtained. It is characterized by having a control means for continuously measuring until a predetermined time.

[0011]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [External Configuration] FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a corneal shape measuring apparatus according to an embodiment. Reference numeral 1 denotes a base, and a head support portion 2 for fixing the head of the subject is fixed to the base 1. Three
Is a moving table that moves on the base 1 by operating the joystick 4. Reference numeral 5 denotes a measurement unit that houses an optical system for measurement and observation and an electrical system for control and calculation.
Is mounted on an up-and-down moving shaft 6 which is held on a moving table 3 so as to be able to move up and down, and rotates a rotary knob 4a of a joystick 4 to move up and down. The measuring unit 5 of this embodiment is detachable from the connecting member 7 fixed to the vertical shaft 6, and by removing the connecting member 7 and connecting a battery (not shown),
It can also be used as a handheld corneal shape measuring device.

An observation window 10 for observing an eye to be inspected, a liquid crystal display 11 for displaying measurement results, and an operation switch group 12 such as a print switch and a parameter setting switch are arranged in the measuring section 5. . Reference numeral 8 is a printer that prints out the measurement data from the measuring unit 5, and 9 is an AC adapter that supplies power to the apparatus.

[Structure of Each Part] Next, the structure of each main part of the apparatus of the embodiment will be described. (Optical System) FIG. 2 is a view showing a schematic arrangement of the optical system arranged in the measuring section 1. The examiner's eye 19 magnifies and observes the subject's eye 20 via the objective lens 21. 22 is a marking plate for aiming,
Reference numeral 23 denotes an illumination light source, and the light beam of the aiming mark that has passed through the aiming mark plate 22 when the illumination light source 23 is turned on is reflected by the beam splitter 24 toward the examinee's eye 19. The examiner aligns the sighting mark on the anterior segment image of the subject's eye 20 which is magnified and observed from the observation window, and performs alignment. Reference numeral 25 is a light source for fixation target, 26 is a fixation target plate having a spot opening, 27
Is a concave lens. Reference numeral 28 is a dichroic mirror that makes the optical axis of an index detection optical system described later and the projection optical axis of the fixation target coaxial, and 29 is an imaging lens. The fixation target plate 26 illuminated by the light source 25 is projected onto the fundus of the eye to be examined through the dichroic mirror 28 and the beam splitter 24 by the concave lens 27 and the imaging lens 29, and the eye 20 to be examined is fixed.
You can fix your eyes.

Reference numeral 30 denotes an index projection optical system, which is arranged on the same circumference centered on the observation optical axis at intervals of 45 degrees, and eight sets of the projection optical axes form a predetermined angle with respect to the observation optical axis. There is. Among the eight sets of index projection optical systems, four sets of cornea shape measuring optical systems 30a to 30d arranged at 90-degree intervals.
(30c and 30d are not shown), which comprises a light source 31 such as an LED for emitting light in the near infrared region, a spot diaphragm 32, and a collimator lens 33 for keeping the spot diaphragm 32 at infinity. Optical system 30a for measuring corneal shape
30d is also used as an optical system for detecting the working distance, and the optical system for detecting the working distance is an optical system for projecting an infinite light beam, and an optical system for projecting a finite light beam including a light source 31 and a spot diaphragm 32. 30e to h (not shown).

The index detecting optical system includes a beam splitter 2
4, an imaging lens 29, a telecentric diaphragm 34, and a two-dimensional position detecting element 35. The telecentric diaphragm 34 is arranged at the focal position of the imaging lens 29.
The two-dimensional position detecting element 35 is arranged at a position conjugate with the vicinity of the iris where the cornea reflection image is formed with respect to the imaging lens 29, and detects the cornea reflection image by the index projection optical system 30.
Reference numerals 36 are LEDs arranged on the same circumference centered on the observation optical axis at intervals of 30 degrees. The entire corneal reflection image of each LED 36 functions as a earring. Also,
The LED 36 also serves as illumination of the anterior segment.

(Joystick Mechanism) FIG. 3 is a sectional view for explaining a moving mechanism by the joystick, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA. The moving mechanism will be described separately for the vertical moving mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism.

The vertical movement mechanism is fixed to the joystick support rod 41 provided upright on the plate 40 of the movable table 3, a bearing 42 rotatable with respect to the joystick support rod 41, and an upper portion of the bearing 42. The rotary knob 4a, the gear 43 fixed to the lower portion of the bearing 42, the measuring unit side support rod 44 erected on the plate 40, and the feed nut rotatably attached to the support rod 44 were attached. Vertical movement shaft 6 having a cylinder 46 and a feed screw that meshes with the screw of the feed nut of the cylinder 46
And a gear 48 fixed to the lower part of the cylinder 46,
And a belt 49 hung between the gears 43. When the rotary knob 4a is rotated, the rotation is changed by the gear 4
3, transmitted to the cylinder 46 via the belt 49 and the gear 48,
When the cylinder 46 rotates, the vertical movement shaft 6 moves up and down, and the measurement unit 5 moves up and down.

The horizontal moving mechanism has two bases 50 on the base 1.
A lower substrate 52 that is movably held in the front-rear direction (with respect to the eye to be inspected) via two slide rails 51, and a lower substrate 5
2, an upper substrate 54 movably held in the left-right direction via two slide rails 53, an upper substrate 54, and a moving base 3
And a support base 55 connecting the plate 40 of FIG. With this configuration, the moving table 3 can be moved independently of the front, rear, left, and right with respect to the base 1, and the examiner holds the joystick 4 to move the measuring section 5 on the moving table 3 horizontally. realizable.

(Inspection Eye Left / Right Detection Mechanism) In FIGS. 3 and 4, reference numeral 56 is a microswitch attached to the plate 40 by an attachment plate 57, and 58 is a guide plate attached to the lower substrate 52. As the plate 40 fixed to the moving table 3 moves in the left-right direction, the micro switch 56 also moves in the left-right direction (up-down direction in FIG. 4) with respect to the lower substrate 52. As shown in FIG. 4, the micro switch 56 is moved to the left (see FIG.
Moving downward (upward and downward), the contactor moves the guide plate 58.
It comes into contact with and is energized. Since the center of the left and right of the subject fixed to the head support portion 2 substantially corresponds to the center of the left and right of the base 1, the micro switch 56 that moves left and right is turned on.
The left / right of the eye to be inspected is detected by the / OFF signal.

(Stopper Mechanism) In FIGS. 3 and 4,
Reference numeral 60 is a ball catch fixed to the base 50 of the base 1 via a mounting plate 61, and reference numeral 62 is a convex member fixed to the upper substrate 54. The ball catch 60 is formed by the recess member 6
Two hard spheres 60b held at 0a and the hard spheres 60b
A spring 60c for urging each spring inward, and a spring 60c
The adjusting screw 60d for adjusting the urging force of c.

This stopper mechanism is used when it is desired to fix the movement of the moving table 3 with respect to the base 1 when carrying the apparatus to another place and moving it. For fixing, the joystick 4 is operated to position the movable table 3 substantially at the center of the left and right of the base 1, and then the front side (inspector side) is pulled so that the convex member 62 of the stopper mechanism is attached to the ball catch 60. Mating. To release the fixation of the movable table 3, hold the joystick 4 and push it to the back side (the subject side). The convex member 62 is disengaged from the ball catch 60, and the movable table 3 can be moved horizontally.

Since the convex member 62 of the stopper mechanism and the ball catch 60 can be commercially available products, the manufacturing cost of the device can be reduced. (Electrical System) FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the essential parts of the electrical system of the apparatus. Reference numeral 70 is a microcomputer incorporated in the measuring unit 1. The micro computer 70 controls the entire apparatus, and also performs a predetermined calculation process based on a detection signal from the two-dimensional position detecting element 35 which is subjected to a predetermined process by the detection processing circuit 71 and input, to perform alignment. The suitability is determined and the corneal shape is calculated.

The microcomputer 70 has a non-volatile memory 72 for storing constants peculiar to the device, a display 11 and the like.
Display circuit 73, a drive circuit 74a for the buzzer 74, drive circuits 75 to 78 for driving each light source, power contacts 79a and 79b for receiving power from the AC adapter 9, and an input / output circuit 80 for signal communication. The contacts 81a and 81b are connected. Reference numerals 82a and 82b are power contacts 79a and 79b.
Is a contact provided on the connecting member 7 so as to correspond to
It is connected to the AC adapter 9. Reference numerals 83a and 83b are contacts provided on the connection member 7 so as to correspond to the signal communication contacts 81a and 81b, and are connected to the input / output circuit 84 to perform signal communication with the microswitch 56 and the printer 8.

The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described. When a power switch (not shown) arranged on the AC adapter 9 is turned on, power is supplied to the microcomputer 70 via the power contacts 82 and 79.
At this stage, the power supply to other electric circuits is not performed and the measurement operation is stopped. When the joystick 4 is operated to move the movable table 3 to the left or right, the micro switch 5
Reference numeral 6 detects the switching between left and right, and the detection signal is input to the microcomputer 70. Upon receiving a signal input from the micro switch 56, the micro computer 70 drives the display 11 via the display circuit and
Power is supplied to the other measurement system circuits to shift the apparatus to the measurement ready state (hereinafter referred to as the measurement mode).

After entering the measurement mode, the examiner looks into the observation window 10 of the measuring section 5 and observes the anterior segment image of the eye to be examined,
Adjust the alignment. Alignment adjustment is aiming
The joystick 4 is operated to move the measuring unit 5 together with the moving table 3 to the left and right and back and forth, and the rotating knob 4a is operated to move the measuring unit 1 up and down so that the black mark has a predetermined relationship with the anterior segment image.

The microcomputer 70 determines whether or not the alignment adjustment by the moving operation of the examiner is appropriate. Whether or not the alignment in the vertical and horizontal directions is appropriate is determined by the index projection optical system (30a-
302h), the judgment is made by comparing the deviation between the center of a pair of opposed corneal reflection images and the measurement optical axis. The suitability in the front-back direction (hereinafter referred to as working distance) is determined by comparing the image heights of the corneal reflection images formed by the index projection optical systems 30a to 30d at infinity and the index projection optical systems 30e to 30h at infinity. Made by. This is because when a corneal reflection image is formed by an infinite light source and a finite light source, the image height of the corneal reflection image by the infinite light source does not change even if the working distance changes, but the corneal reflection image by the finite light source. This utilizes the characteristic that the image height of the image changes. The details of this are described in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-224896 (the title of the invention: "alignment detecting device") by the present applicant, so please refer to it. 1 for each light source with the same projection optical axis
The suitability of the working distance can be determined if individual index images are obtained, but in this embodiment, an elliptical shape connecting the corneal reflection images of the index projection optical system (30a to 30d) at infinity by the micro computer, Finite distance index projection optical system (30e-30
Each of the elliptical shapes connecting the corneal reflection images of h) is obtained, the position of each ellipse in the predetermined meridian direction (which may be at a certain angle or may be determined as the astigmatic axis direction) is extracted, and the heights thereof are compared.

When both image heights match within a predetermined allowable range, and the center of the corneal reflection image and the measurement optical axis match within a predetermined allowable range, the microcomputer 70 causes the image height to match. The corneal shape is calculated from the position of the corneal reflection image of the index projection optical system (30a to 30d). To calculate the corneal shape, as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-207539 (Invention title "Corneal shape measuring device" Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-19896), if at least three index images are detected, the corneal shape is calculated. Can be calculated.
The measurement result is displayed on the display unit 11.

As described above, the apparatus determines the suitability of the alignment adjustment and automatically calculates the measurement result if the alignment state is within the predetermined allowable range. Therefore, the movement of the measuring unit 5 with respect to the base 1 is performed by the joystick mechanism described above. It is possible to perform accurate alignment measurement even with coarse movements.

The measurement for calculating the corneal shape of one eye is continuously executed a predetermined number of times in advance (the setting of the number of measurements for one eye can be changed and set by a parameter setting switch),
The number of measurements and the obtained measurement data are stored in the non-volatile memory 72. The microcomputer 70 obtains the average value and the standard deviation of the stored measurement data, and if the standard deviation is within a predetermined value (for example, within ± 0.05 mm), it is determined that the measurement is completed normally. If the standard deviation deviates from the predetermined value, it is determined that there is abnormal data due to the influence of fixation disparity or the like, and the measurement is continued. Then, except for the data that deviates the most, the same standard deviation is determined,
Additional measurement is performed until it falls within the specified value.

If the measurement is interrupted (the corneal reflection image from the eye to be inspected cannot be obtained) before the predetermined number of measurement data is obtained, the micro computer 70 measures after a predetermined time elapses. Release the mode. When the standard deviation is within a predetermined value and a predetermined number of measurement data are obtained, the microcomputer 70 cuts off the power supply to each electric element and releases the measurement mode. By releasing the measurement mode,
Since the aiming mark and the earring image observed through the observation window 10 disappear, the examiner can know that the measurement of one eye is completed.

The moving table 3 is used to measure the other eye.
When the measuring unit 5 is moved in the horizontal direction together with it, the micro switch 56 detects switching between left and right, and the micro computer
Signal to the computer 70. The micro computer 70 again supplies the power which was cut off, and returns the apparatus to the measurement mode. By the inspector adjusting the alignment,
Microcomputer 70 performs similar processing to obtain measurement data for the other eye.

When the measurement data for both eyes are obtained within a predetermined standard deviation and a predetermined number of times or more, the microcomputer 7
0 drives the printer 8 to print out the measurement data of both eyes. When another data processing device or the like is connected, the measurement data is transferred and output. Largely deviated data is removed at the time of data output as described above, but if necessary, the output data may be output with an identification mark. After a lapse of a predetermined time (for example, 3 minutes) after outputting the data, the microcomputer 70 stops the power supply to the peripheral circuits, turns off the display, and turns off the display. afterwards,
When the moving table 3 is moved, such as when the subject is replaced, a signal from the micro switch 56 is obtained, and the measurement mode is entered again. When the measurement of the new eye is completed, the previous data stored in the microcomputer 70 is rewritten.

As described above, after the power switch of the AC adapter 9 is first operated, a series of measurements from the start of measurement to the data output can be performed without operating the switch. It should be noted that the print output and the power of the measuring unit body 5 are turned off
May be arbitrarily performed by the switches arranged in the switch group 12.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The number of switch operations can be reduced, and a device with good operability was realized. In addition, the switch arrangement can be simplified. Moreover, since the measurement is automatically performed so that only stable measurement data is adopted, a highly reliable measurement result can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a corneal shape measuring apparatus as an example.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic arrangement of an optical system arranged in a measuring section.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a moving mechanism using a joystick.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an essential part of an electric system of the apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Base 4 Joystick 5 Measuring part 9 AC adapter 56 Micro switch 70 Micro computer

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An ophthalmologic apparatus including a measuring unit for inspecting and measuring an eye to be inspected, wherein a moving unit that moves the measuring unit with respect to a base, and the moving unit moves the measuring unit to a predetermined range or more. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a detection means for detecting the above-mentioned condition; and a transfer means for transferring the measurement means to an apparatus-specific inspection-measurable state based on a detection signal from the detection means. 2. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a power supply means for supplying power to an electric system of the measuring means of the ophthalmologic apparatus. 3. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detecting means is a detecting means for detecting a lateral movement of the measuring means. 4. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: detection means for detecting an alignment state of the eye to be inspected; determination means for determining suitability of alignment based on a detection result by the detection means; and alignment by the determination means. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a measurement command unit that commands the start of measurement by the measurement unit when it is determined that the state is within a predetermined allowable range. 5. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a print / output means for printing the measurement result or outputting the data, and the print when the measurement means detects that the measurement data is obtained. An ophthalmologic apparatus having control means for operating the output means. 6. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising means for returning from an inspection-measurable state unique to the apparatus to an impossible state when the operation of the printing / outputting means is completed. apparatus. 7. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising a measuring means for measuring an eye to be inspected, a detecting means for detecting an alignment state of the eye to be inspected, a determining means for determining suitability of alignment based on a detection result by the detecting means, When the determination means determines that the alignment state is within the predetermined allowable range, the measurement instruction means for instructing the measurement start by the measurement means, and the measurement means obtains the predetermined number of measurement data satisfying the predetermined reference. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a control unit that continuously measures up to.