JPH08277652A - Lead damper with axially moving mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent the vertical stress fluctuation of a lead body and secure a pure shearing deformation by arranging a plastic deformation section made of the lead body on one side of a structure, and arranging a vertical shift mecha nism section allowing the vertical shift via the sliding between a piston body and a cylinder body on the other side. CONSTITUTION: An axial shift mechanism section 2 allowing the vertical shift via the sliding between a piston body 11 and a cylinder body 12 is arranged at the upper section of a plastic deformation section 1 mainly made of a lead body 4. When earthquake force is applied, upper and lower structures G, B are relatively displaced, then this lead damper D restricts the horizontal shift with the vertical shift mechanism section 2. A horizontal deformation is applied to the lead body 4 of the plastic deformation section 1 having small lateral rigidity, and the earthquake energy is absorbed. The displacement acceleration of the upper structure G is damped, and the relative displacement is suppressed for damping action. A large energy absorbing capability is obtained, the lead body 4 can be miniaturized, the expected energy absorption characteristic is exerted according to the design specification, and the standardization of designing can be attained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

A. Object of the invention (1) Industrial field of use The present invention relates to structures which are relatively displaced by a forced vibration force such as earthquake motion, for example, between buildings and foundations, layers of buildings, and adjacent buildings. The present invention relates to a lead damper which is interposed between buildings and absorbs vibration between structures by utilizing shear deformation of a lead body.

(2) Prior Art This type of lead damper is generally composed mainly of a cylindrical lead body, and upper and lower end plates are integrally fixed above and below the lead body, and the upper and lower end plates are connected to each other. It is installed via the upper and lower structures. Then, when the upper and lower structures are vibrated by the forced vibration force, the lead body of the lead damper is horizontally plastically deformed, and the vibration of the structure is absorbed by the energy absorption accompanying the plastic deformation. . However, in this plastic deformation of the lead body, the upper and lower surfaces of the lead body are constrained, and the vertical height of the lead body does not substantially change. Hereinafter, the expansion and contraction in the "vertical direction" will be forced. As a result, the internal stress of the lead body is increased, which hinders horizontal displacement, and pure shear deformation is not performed, which eventually leads to fracture due to this cross-sectional variation. In other words, due to the stress fluctuation caused by the expansion and contraction in the vertical direction, a deviation occurs from the hysteresis characteristic curve designed assuming the initial pure shear deformation, and the predetermined performance cannot be obtained.

(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in this type of lead damper, the increase (fluctuation) in the vertical stress of the lead body is suppressed. The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a lead damper that guarantees pure shear deformation of the lead body, maintains the initial performance for a long period of time, and can cope with large horizontal deformation. Therefore, the present invention intends to achieve this object by incorporating a mechanism that allows vertical movement of the lead body to avoid an increase (variation) in vertical stress.

B. Configuration of the Invention (1) Means for Solving Problems The lead damper with an axial movement mechanism of the present invention specifically has the following configuration. That is, in a lead damper interposed between two structures that are displaced in the plane direction, the lead damper is fixed to the one structure side and has a plastically deformable portion made of a lead body that is deformed in the plane direction. At the end of the plastically deformable portion on the other structure side, a piston body is provided so as to project toward the other structure side and is fixed to the other structure side, and the piston body is provided with an inner hole thereof. Has a cylinder body that is housed inside and restrains by allowing only movement in the axial direction orthogonal to the surface,
It is characterized by the following. Furthermore, in a lead damper interposed between two structures that are displaced in the plane direction, a plastic deformation portion made of a lead body that is fixed to the one structure side and that is deformed in the plane direction is provided. At the end of the plastically deformable portion on the side of the other structure, a cylinder body having an inner hole toward the other side of the structure is projected, and is fixed to the side of the other structure. It is characterized in that it has a piston body which is inserted into the inner hole of the body and restrains the cylinder body by allowing only movement in the axial direction orthogonal to the plane. In the above configuration, the piston body and the cylinder body form an axial movement mechanism section. The lead damper can be installed vertically or horizontally. Therefore, in the vertical arrangement, the axial direction is the vertical direction. Further, the surface direction includes a uniaxial direction.

(2) Action When a seismic force or other forced vibration force acts, the two structures are rapidly displaced relative to each other in the plane direction. In this damper, the plane movement is restricted in the axial movement mechanism portion including the piston body and the cylinder body.
The lead body in the plastically deformed portion with small lateral rigidity is deformed in the plane direction. Seismic energy is absorbed by the plastic deformation of the lead body, which damps displacement acceleration between structures and suppresses relative displacement, thereby providing a damping action. In the deformation of the lead body of the plastically deformable portion, the axially moving mechanism portion connected to the plastically deformable portion is allowed to move in the axial direction, so that the axial deformation stress of the lead body is not given.

(3) Embodiment An embodiment of the lead damper with the axial movement mechanism of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a lead damper D with a vertically moving mechanism in a vertical installation mode as one embodiment (first embodiment) thereof. In the figure, G is a superstructure as a building structure,
B is a lower structure as a base for supporting the upper structure G. The lead damper D is interposed between the upper structure G and the lower structure B, and mainly has a function of absorbing a vibration acting on the upper structure G, and has a function of supporting a load of the upper structure G. Absent. In this embodiment, the "up-down" direction corresponds to the "axial" direction of the present invention.

Lead damper D with vertical movement device of this embodiment
Is a plastic deformation part 1 mainly composed of a lead body, and the plastic deformation part 1
And a vertical movement mechanism section 2 disposed on the upper part of the.

The detailed structure of each part will be described below. Plastic Deformation Part 1 The plastic deformation part 1 has a structure in which the lead body 4 is sandwiched by the upper and lower end plates 5 and 6. (Lead body 4) The lead body 4 has a solid drum shape in the present embodiment, but a cylindrical shape is not excluded. The lead body 4 contains, in addition to pure lead, a lead alloy or a mixture of lead and other substances. In addition, although the outer side of the drum-shaped body is exposed in the present embodiment, it does not prevent that the coating is applied within a range that does not hinder the deformation. Pure lead has a density (g / cm ³ ).
Is 11.36, melting point is 327.4 ° C, and mechanical properties include elastic modulus of 13,631 MPa and elastic limit of 1.66M.
Pa, tensile strength 14MPa, elongation 40-50%, compressive strength 4
It shows 9 MPa and a hardness of 3 to 7 HBS. Thus, pure lead is highly malleable and easily undergoes plastic deformation. The lead body absorbs vibration energy during plastic deformation, releases it as heat energy, and recrystallizes. Therefore, the energy absorption performance does not change even with repeated plastic deformation. (Upper and Lower End Plates 5, 6) The upper and lower end plates 5, 6 are made of steel plates and integrally hold the lead body 4. The upper end plate 5 is interlocked with the vertical movement mechanism unit 2 and used for fixing the piston body 11. The lower end plate 6 is fixed to the lower structure B by means of bolt insertion holes 7 formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. That is, the anchor bolt 8 planted in the lower structure B is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 7 and is fixed by tightening the nut 9.

Vertical moving mechanism 2 The vertical moving mechanism 2 includes a cylindrical piston body 11 fixedly mounted on the upper end plate 5 of the plastically deformable portion 1, and the piston body 11.
And a ball-shaped rolling element 13 installed in a gap between the piston body 11 and the cylinder body 12 and holding the gap. The cylinder body 12 is fixed to the upper structure G. (Piston body 11) The piston body 11 has a main body made of a highly rigid cylindrical body, is fixed on the upper end plate 5 of the plastically deformable portion 1, and has a wear-resistant cylindrical pressure bearing body 14 on the outside thereof. Be fitted. A flange 14 a is formed at the lower end of the pressure bearing body 14 and extends outward. If the body of the piston body 11 has a sufficiently high rigidity, the pressure bearing body 14 can be omitted. (Cylinder body 12) The cylinder body 12 accommodates the piston body 11 and the rolling elements 13 in its circular hole, and has the same wear-resistant cylindrical support as the piston body 11 on the inner circumference of the circular hole. The pressure body 15 is inserted. The pressure bearing body 15 may also be omitted when the main body of the cylinder body 12 exhibits high rigidity. An anchor steel rod 17 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the cylinder body 11 and is embedded in the upper structure G to fix it to the upper structure G. (Rolling element 13) The rolling element 13 is made of a steel ball having high rigidity, and is installed in a required number in the gap between the piston body 11 and the cylinder body 12. That is, the rolling elements 13 are arranged at predetermined intervals so as to be rollable in the vertical direction and the circumferential direction via the appropriate spacers 18 (18a, 18b). The lower rolling element 13 is supported by the collar 14a of the piston body 11. The rolling element 13 is always in contact with the pressure bearing bodies 14 and 15 of the piston body 11 and the cylinder body 12. By this rolling element 13, the load is transmitted between the piston body 11 and the cylinder body 12 in all horizontal directions, and the movement is free in the vertical direction.

FIG. 3 shows an example of installation of the lead damper D with the vertical movement mechanism. In the figure, E is the ground, a foundation pile P is placed in the foundation E, and the substructure, that is, the foundation B is fixed to the head of the foundation pile P. S is a bearing installed on the foundation B, and the load of the superstructure, that is, the building G is transmitted to the ground E through the bearing S. The lead damper D is placed side by side with the bearing S.

(Operation / Effect of Embodiment) The operation of the lead damper D with the vertical movement mechanism of this embodiment will be described (see FIG. 4). Always, this lead damper D with vertical movement mechanism
The load of the upper structure G is supported by the lower structure B by the bearing S arranged separately from the above, and the load does not act on the lead damper D. Then, with respect to the slow expansion and contraction displacement of the superstructure due to the temperature difference, the lead body 4 of the plastic deformation portion 1 follows the horizontal displacement, and with respect to the wind load or the weak seismic force q,
The lead body 4 of the plastically deformable portion 1 resists due to the initial elasticity and prevents displacement in the horizontal direction. In the horizontal displacement based on this temperature difference, since the vertical movement is allowed by the function of the vertical movement mechanism portion 2 of the lead damper D, the plastic deformation portion 1
No tensile resistance acts on the lead body 4, and abnormal deformation of the lead body 4 is prevented.

Next, when the seismic force is applied, the upper and lower structures G and B are rapidly displaced relative to each other in the horizontal direction with respect to the forced vibration force Q. Along with this, in the lead damper D, the horizontal movement is restricted by the vertical movement mechanism portion 2, so that the lead body 4 of the plastic deformation portion 1 having a small lateral rigidity is deformed in the horizontal direction. Seismic energy is absorbed by the plastic deformation of the lead body 4 of the plastically deformed portion 1, and the displacement acceleration of the superstructure G is attenuated and the relative displacement is suppressed, thereby performing a damping action.

This behavior will be described with reference to FIG. That is, when the superstructure G is displaced in the direction a, the lead damper D
Also receives shear deformation force as a whole, and the lead body 4 of the plastic deformation portion 1
Undergoes plastic deformation due to shear force. This plastic deformation part 1
In the deformation of the lead body 4, since the vertical movement mechanism unit 2 interlocking with the plastic deformation unit 1 is allowed to move up and down, the change in height Δh = h1-h2 due to the plastic deformation is absorbed. . As a result, tensile resistance does not act on the plastically deformable portion 1, vertical deformation stress does not act on the lead body 4, and the lead body 4 of the plastically deformable portion 1 undergoes pure shear deformation. As a result, the displacement in the direction a is braked. Then, superstructure G
Is displaced in the direction opposite to the direction a, but similarly, the pure shear plastic deformation of the lead body 4 of the plastic deformation portion 1 absorbs seismic energy and brakes this displacement. This displacement vibrates with periodicity, and the vibration is rapidly damped by the energy absorbing action of the plastically deformable portion 1.

According to the lead damper D of this embodiment, when the lead body 4 of the plastically deformable portion 1 is plastically deformed, no vertical deformation stress acts on the lead body 4, and the lead body 4 is subjected to pure shear deformation and has a constant capacity. A large energy absorption capacity is obtained for the lead body (in cross section), and as a result, a smaller size than the conventional one is achieved for the same energy absorption capacity. Further, the lead body 4 of the lead damper D does not deteriorate in energy absorption characteristics due to the reduction in cross section, exhibits desired energy absorption characteristics according to design specifications, and achieves standardization of design.

(Second Embodiment) In the previous embodiment, the vertical movement mechanism portion 2 is arranged above the plastic deformation portion 1, but the function is substantially the same even if the arrangement is reversed. Absent.
FIG. 5 shows a lead damper D1 with an up-and-down moving mechanism of the second embodiment, and the same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. That is, in this lead damper D1, the piston body 11 of the vertical movement mechanism portion 2 is fixedly mounted on the lower end plate 6 of the plastic deformation portion 1, and the rolling element 13 is the cylinder body 12
It is supported by the collar 15a of the bearing member 15. The collar 15a is not particularly necessary and can be replaced with other members and materials. Then, it is fixed to the anchor bolt 8 of the foundation B via the bottom plate of the cylinder body 12 of the vertical movement mechanism part 2, and the upper part is inserted via the anchor steel rod 17 planted on the upper surface of the upper end plate 5 of the plastically deformable part 1. It is fixed to structure G. A dustproof cover 20 is fixed to the peripheral edge of the lower end plate 6 of the plastically deformable portion 1 and covers the upper surface of the vertical movement mechanism portion 2.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 6 shows another embodiment (third embodiment) of the lead damper with a vertical movement mechanism according to the present invention. The lead damper D2 has a plastically deformable portion 1 according to the first and second embodiments described above, but has a rectangular cross section in the vertical movement mechanism portion 2 and is interposed between the piston body 11 and the cylinder body 12. A roller is adopted as the rolling element 13. According to the lead damper D2, since the rolling elements 13 are roller-shaped, the contact points can be made large, and the number can be reduced as compared with the ball-shaped rolling elements.

(Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment (fourth embodiment) of the lead damper with a vertical movement mechanism according to the present invention. This lead damper D3 is
The piston body 11 and the cylinder body 12 are in sliding contact.
That is, the sliding bearing body 22 is fitted on the inner circumference of the cylinder body 12 and makes sliding contact with the outer circumference of the piston body 11. The plain bearing body 22 has a structure in which a solid lubricant 23 is embedded in the surface of a base material such as a copper alloy or cast iron.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but various design changes can be made within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention. That is, the following aspects are included in the technical scope of the present invention. In each of the above embodiments, the piston body 11 is interlocked with the plastic deformation portion 1 in the vertical movement mechanism portion 2 and the cylinder body 12 is fixed to another structure, but this is reversed. Alternatively, the cylinder body 12 may be interlocked with the plastically deformable portion 1, and the piston body 11 may be fixed to another structure. FIG. 8 shows an example of this aspect (first aspect), which is a modification of the first embodiment (FIG. 1). That is, the vertical movement mechanism portion 2 is arranged above the plastic deformation portion 1, the vertical movement mechanism portion 2 has a circular shape, and the ball-shaped rolling element 13 is interposed therebetween. Second mode: By adopting the deformation of the second embodiment (FIG. 5), the plastic deformation portion 1 is arranged above the vertical movement mechanism portion 2, the vertical movement mechanism portion 2 has a circular shape, and the ball-shaped rolling element 13 Through. Third mode: By adopting the deformation of the third embodiment (FIG. 6), the vertical movement mechanism section 2 is arranged above the plastic deformation section 1, the vertical movement mechanism section 2 has a rectangular shape, and the roller-shaped rolling element 13 is provided. Through. Fourth mode: By adopting the deformation of the fourth embodiment (FIG. 7), the vertical movement mechanism unit 2 is arranged above the plastic deformation unit 1, and the piston body and the cylinder body of the vertical movement mechanism unit 2 are in contact with each other with a slip surface. . In the illustrated example, the vertical movement mechanism section 2 is singular per plastic deformation section 1, but a plurality of vertical movement mechanism sections 2 may be arranged.

The lead damper D is not limited to the application example between the foundation and the building shown in FIG. 3, but is also applied between building layers or between building buildings. Figure 9 shows the lead damper D
The following is an example of application to the building floor. That is, in the figure,
H is a building having a frame structure, and I is a wall body arranged in the building H. This lead damper D (D1, D2, D3
The same applies hereinafter) is interposed between this building and the wall I. Three
Reference numerals 0 and 31 are beam materials and column materials of the building H, respectively. The building H having a skeleton structure has a large natural period and shakes greatly due to the forced vibration force, and a large relative displacement is revealed between the layers. on the other hand,
The wall I has a small natural period and a small vibration width. The relative displacement generated between the building H and the wall body I due to the earthquake motion is absorbed by the lead damper D.

FIG. 10 shows an example of application of the lead damper D between building buildings. That is, in the figure, J and K are adjacent buildings, and their vibration characteristics (natural period, damping property) are different depending on their shapes and heights. A passageway (not shown) is installed between the two buildings J and K. Then, between these two buildings J and K, preferably, in the vibration abdomen of these buildings, the arm portions 33 and 34 are vertically extended to extend, and the lead damper D is interposed between them. To be done.

C. Effect of the Invention According to the lead damper with the axial movement mechanism of the present invention, when the forced vibration force in the surface direction acts, the axial movement amount due to the surface direction deformation of the lead body of the plastically deformed portion is reduced. Since the lead body is released by the axial movement mechanism, no deformation stress in the axial direction is generated in the lead body, and pure shear plastic deformation can be obtained. As a result, a large energy absorption capacity can be obtained for a lead body having a constant capacity (cross section), and a smaller size than the conventional one can be achieved for the same energy absorption capacity. In addition, the lead body of the lead damper does not deteriorate in energy absorption characteristics due to the reduction in cross-section, exhibits desired energy absorption characteristics according to design specifications, and achieves design standardization.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 2) of an embodiment (first embodiment) of a lead damper with an axial movement mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view of a base portion showing an installation mode of a lead damper with an axial movement mechanism. (b) Figure is (a) III-III
FIG.

FIG. 4 is an operation diagram of a lead body in a plastically deformed portion.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of another embodiment (second embodiment) of the lead damper with the axial movement mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 6 (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of still another embodiment (third embodiment) of the lead damper with the axial movement mechanism of the present invention. (b) The figure is
(a) Sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in the figure.

FIG. 7 (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view of still another embodiment (fourth embodiment) of the lead damper with the axial movement mechanism of the present invention. (b) The figure is
(a) VII-VII line sectional drawing.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a modification of the lead damper with an axial movement mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another application example of the lead damper with an axial movement mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view showing still another application example of the lead damper with the axial movement mechanism of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

D, D1, D2, D3, D4 ... Lead damper with axial (up / down) moving mechanism, G ... Upper structure, B ... Lower structure, S ... Bearing, 1 ... Plastic deformation part, 2 ... Axial (up / down) moving mechanism Department,
4 ... Lead body, 11 ... Piston body, 12 ... Cylinder body, 13
… Rollers

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tomohiko Arita 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Miyagawa 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Ikuo Shimoda Inventor Ikuo Shimoda 8 Kirihara-cho, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa OILES Industrial Co., Ltd. Fujisawa Plant (72) Inventor Masayoshi Ikenaga 8 Kirihara-cho, Fujisawa-Kanagawa OILES ENGINEERING CO., LTD. Fujisawa Plant (72) Inventor Mitsuru Miyazaki 8 Kirihara Town, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture OILES CORPORATION Fujisawa Plant

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A lead damper interposed between two structures that are displaced in the plane direction, wherein a plastically deformable portion is fixed to the one structure side and is made of a lead body that is deformed in the plane direction. At the other structure side end of the plastically deformable portion, a piston body is projected toward the other structure side and is fixed to the other structure side, and the piston body is fixed to the other structure side. A lead damper with an axial movement mechanism, characterized in that it has a cylinder body that is housed in its inner hole and allows only movement in an axial direction orthogonal to a plane and restrains it. 2. A lead damper interposed between two structures that are displaced in the plane direction, wherein the plastic deformation portion is fixed to the one structure side and is made of a lead body that is deformed in the plane direction. A cylinder body having an inner hole toward the other structure side at the end of the plastic deformation portion on the other structure side, and fixed to the other structure side. A lead damper with an axial movement mechanism, comprising a piston body that is inserted into an inner hole of the cylinder body and restricts the cylinder body by allowing movement only in an axial direction orthogonal to a plane. 3. The lead damper with an axial movement mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the piston body and the cylinder body are axially movable via rolling elements. 4. The lead damper with an axial movement mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the piston body and the cylinder body are in direct contact with each other and are slidable. 5. The lead damper with an axial movement mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the number of piston bodies is one. 6. A lead damper with an axial movement mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the piston body has a plurality of piston bodies.