JPH08269927A - Fog extinguishing system on road - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve fog extinguishing effect using scattered water being as little as possible and to provide a fog extinguishing system which is simple in composition and inexpensive by installing water scattering nozzles having each fan-shaped water scattering range at fixed intervals on one side of a road, and scattering water in a fan-shape from the one side of the road toward its opposite side. CONSTITUTION: Water scattering nozzles 1 to uniformly scatter water in a fan-shape are severally attached to piping 2 spread on one side in a fixed section of a road 20 at fixed intervals through a vertical piping 3. The piping 2 communicates with a reservoir 4, and the water is supplied to each water scattering nozzle 1 under uniform pressure by a pump 5. A fan-shaped water scattering range 6 set up in an angle θis set up so as to somewhat intersect an adjacent water scattering range 6, and the scattered water is parabola-shapedly scattered so as to attain a roadside belt on an opposite side over the road 20. In addition, it is unnecessary to make a water discharging angle α larger than a required size, and the angle at which about semicylindrical water scattering can be carried out within a range necessary for the running of an automobile is sufficient. Thus a fog extinguishing system which can be shortened in a total spread length, and is simple in composition and inexpensive is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fog eliminating system for eliminating fog on a road such as a highway by spraying water and a fog eliminating nozzle used therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when fog occurs on a highway, only passive measures such as issuing a heavy fog warning warning and restricting traffic according to the degree of fog are generated. No measures have been taken to extinguish the fog. Various methods have conventionally been known as means for extinguishing fog, but in reality it is quite difficult.

Such a fog eliminating system has been proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 61-290105 and 61-31514 for airfield runways. In each case, nozzles are installed on both sides of the runway at a predetermined interval, and the fog on the runway is erased by spraying water in a parabolic shape. And the former JP-A-61-2
In No. 90105, a nozzle for ejecting a water jet is a movable nozzle so as to swivel vertically and horizontally, thereby spraying water in a fan shape. In other words, it is a method of spraying a water jet in a fan shape by swirling the nozzle, and the nozzles are arranged in a staggered manner on both sides of the runway, and the fan-shaped watering ranges formed by swirling the nozzles do not intersect with each other. It is a method. In the latter Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-31514, a large number of nozzles provided in a pipeline eject a water jet vertically or at an angle close to it.

[0004]

However, unlike a runway having a limited length, in the case of a highway, the installation length of the fog eliminating system must be extremely long. In particular, if water is sprinkled from both sides of the road according to the above-mentioned conventional example, the total system length is not the ratio of the runway even if it is limited to the dense fog area. Therefore, soaring equipment costs are inevitable, the system configuration becomes complicated, and a large amount of water is consumed. Further, in case of an expressway, it is a safety problem to drop a lot of water on the road like rain. Furthermore, if the water jet is simply swung in a fan shape or ejected vertically high, the chance of contact with fog particles is small, and the defoaming effect cannot be expected. This is also clear from the experimental results described later.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to reduce the facility cost by reducing the equipment cost by targeting a road defoaming system, and at the same time, reducing the amount of water spray as much as possible. Is to improve. It is also to provide a spray nozzle for fog elimination that is compatible with this fog elimination system.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a road defoaming system according to the present invention is a defoaming system for eliminating fog on a road by watering. The water spray nozzles having a fan-shaped water spray range that sprays water in a fan shape from one side to the other side are installed at predetermined intervals. In other words, this water spray nozzle is not a movable type that swirls or the like, but the nozzle itself is configured as having a fan-shaped uniform water spray pattern.

Further, in a road or a section having a median strip, a watering nozzle is installed in the median strip in the opposite direction. It is advisable to install the watering nozzles so that the adjacent fan-shaped watering areas intersect each other to some extent.

Further, the sprinkler nozzle for defoaming roads according to the present invention has a structure in which a horizontal body has horizontal horizontal ejection holes, and it is more preferable that the opening gaps at both ends of the ejection port are in the middle portion. It is formed in a larger arc shape than the opening gap and has a uniform water distribution. The ejection port is formed in a rectangular shape, an oval shape, or a cocoon shape.

[0009]

The water spray nozzle of the present invention has a fan-shaped water spray range,
Since the water is sprayed in a fan shape from one side to the other side of the road, the chances of contact with the fog particles are increased, and the fog particles can be captured in a wide range. That is, the fine mist particles adhere to and bond with relatively large water droplets that are sprayed uniformly in a fan shape, and fall while growing into larger particles. In addition, a cooling action occurs due to water sprinkling, which causes condensation and fall of the fog particles themselves. When water is sprayed so that the adjacent fan-shaped water spray ranges intersect with each other, dispersion due to collision of water particles further occurs, so that the chances of contact with fog particles increase and the fog-eliminating effect improves. Such a fog-eliminating effect is achieved by forming the opening portion of the horizontally elongated hole horizontally provided in the hollow body into a rectangular shape, an oval shape, or a cocoon shape.

[0010]

FIG. 1 shows a fog eliminating system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (a) is a plan view and (b) is an elevation view. As shown in FIG. 1, the fog eliminating system 10 is generally installed in a dense fog generating area, and the water spray nozzle 1
Are attached to the pipe 2 laid on one side in a predetermined section of the road 20 through vertical pipes 3 at intervals of about 4 m. Its height is about 3.5 m and it faces the direction of an elevation angle of 60 °. The pipe 2 communicates with the water storage tank 4, and the water is supplied to each water spray nozzle 1 by the pump 5 at a uniform pressure.

The water spray nozzle 1 sprays water evenly in a fan shape from one side of the road 20 to the other side. The fan-shaped watering range 6 set by the angle θ is set so as to intersect the adjacent watering range 6 to some extent, and the watering is parabolic so as to cross the road 20 and reach the opposite side belt or the like. That is, water is sprayed so as not to obstruct the view of a running vehicle by the water spray itself. As an example, the particle diameter of water sprayed from the water spray nozzle 1 at this time is 400 to 500 μm, and the water discharge angle α is about 60.
°, precipitation is 20 mm / hr (0.33 liters / min
m ² , which is less than or equal to the road tolerance). Fine water droplets that have captured mist particles by water spray from each water spray nozzle 1 and mist particles condensed by the cooling action fall on the road 20. At this time, the water discharge angle α does not need to be made larger than necessary, and may be any angle as long as the water can be sprayed in a substantially kamaboko shape within a range required for traveling of the automobile. By sprinkling water from one direction in a substantially kamaboko shape in this manner, it is possible to prevent the fog from flowing into the defoaming area on the road as outside air.

The pipe 2 is a tournament type pipe as shown in FIG. 2, and makes the water discharge pressure from each water spray nozzle 1 uniform. That is, the water pressurized by the pump 5 is the pipe 2a.
Is evenly branched to both ends, and then again branched to both ends of the pipe 2b, so that both ends of each pipe 2b are uniformly pressurized. For example, even if one pump is installed with a length of about 250 m, by repeating such branching, uniform pressure is applied over the entire length. The number of water spray nozzles 1 connected to the end pipe 2b is 2 or more, and an appropriate number. The water storage tank 4 is connected to the base end of the common pipe 7 and always stores enough water to cover the total amount of water in the fog eliminating system 10.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a water spray nozzle for fog elimination used in this system, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are sectional views taken along the lines AA and BB of FIG. 3, respectively. The sprinkling nozzle 1 shown in this embodiment has a horizontal body 11 connected to the vertical pipe 3 and a horizontal ejection hole 12 having a horizontally long hole provided on the side surface thereof. The ejection port 12 has a nozzle angle θ, and the opening gap a is formed in a substantially rectangular shape or an elliptical shape that is uniform over the entire length of the opening width b. In the figure, 13 is a taper screw part for connecting to the vertical pipe 3, and 14 is a water supply hole. The water spray distribution and the water spray pattern of the water spray nozzle 1 having such a structure are shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), respectively. It becomes the form as shown. That is, the water distribution M in the cross section of the watering range 6 in FIG.
The central part has a parabolic shape with higher density than the both ends, and the watering pattern N has an elliptical shape. Therefore,
In order to make the watering distribution M uniform, it is necessary to intersect the adjacent watering ranges 6 to some extent in FIG. This can be done by adjusting the water spray angle θ or adjusting the mounting interval of the water spray nozzle 1.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a water spray nozzle according to another embodiment, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are sectional views taken along the line CC of FIG. 7, respectively.
It is a -D line sectional view. In this embodiment, the point 12 is formed in a cocoon shape having an arcuate portion 15 so that the opening gap a1 at both ends of the jet outlet 12 is larger than the opening gap a in the middle portion. It is only different from the watering nozzle 1. In the case of the watering nozzle 1 according to this embodiment, the watering distribution M
10 has a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 10A, and the watering pattern N has an oval shape as shown in FIG. 10B.
Therefore, the water spray distribution M becomes uniform, and the water spray nozzle has a uniform fan-shaped water spray distribution. Even when this water spray nozzle 1 is used, the fog elimination effect is improved when the water spray ranges 6 are crossed to some extent, as is clear from the experimental results described later.

When the fog standing above the road 20 is to be eliminated, the water spray nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 7 in FIG. 1 is used to spray the fan 20 uniformly from one side to the other side of the road 20. To do. As described above, the water spray causes the mist particles to adhere and the cooling effect of the water spray to cause the mist particles to condense and drop, so that the mist can be erased and the visibility can be positively secured. Further, since the water particles collide with each other due to the intersection of the spraying ranges, and the water particles are dispersed, the chances of contact with the mist particles are increased, and the fog eliminating effect is improved. In addition, this defrosting system 10 is used on the road 2
Since it is installed on one side of 0, the configuration is simpler than that installed on both sides, the total laying length is short, and the water consumption is also small. Therefore, the equipment cost is significantly reduced. Moreover, since the watering does not cause a large amount of rain on the road, there is almost no danger of running.

On a road or section where there is a median strip, the fog eliminating system 10 is installed in the median zone 21 as shown in FIG. In this case, the watering nozzle 1 is 1
Two vertical pipes 3 are attached to each of the vertical pipes 3 on both sides, and are installed in opposite directions so that water is sprayed from the median strip to the roadside strip on the opposite side. In this case, of course, it is possible to sprinkle water from one side of the road 20 over the upper and lower roads as shown in FIG. 1, but since the water discharge pressure must be increased, the piping system must withstand higher pressure. There is a tendency that equipment costs will rise. Moreover, since water is sprinkled in the left and right directions of the roads 20, 20, the mist airflow does not flow in from the surroundings due to the water film.

The above system can be remotely activated via a signal line by a control panel provided in a management center or the like of an expressway. That is, road 2
When the fog is generated at 0, a worker of the management center operates the control panel so that the water in the water tank 4 can be supplied and the pump 5 is started to be powered. Then, the pressurized water from the pump 5 is supplied to each water spray nozzle 1 through the pipe 2 and sprayed on the road 20, and the fog on the road 20 is erased. By selectively activating the pump 5 for each section, water is not sprinkled on unnecessary portions. Also,
The generation of fog can be remotely detected via a signal line by an attenuator as a haze meter provided at a predetermined position on the road 20. Then, at the management center, the operator may look at the data of each extinction meter that is collected, and if it is determined that fog is occurring, a sprinkling start operation may be performed. It is also possible to discriminate the occurrence of fog in the control panel from the above data and automatically start watering. Further, the control method is not limited to the above, and it goes without saying that the pump may be directly started based on the signal of the attenuator without using the transmission or the control panel.

Next, Table 1 shows the results of the fog elimination test. In the fog elimination experiment, the spray nozzle 1 having the uniform fan-shaped spray distribution shown in FIG. 7 was used, and the fog nozzle 101 artificially generated fog in the chamber 100 shown in FIG. For each, the transmittance (% / m) before and after watering is measured by a light attenuator (CS
Total) 102, 103. The chamber 100 has dimensions of width 3600 mm × depth 3600 mm × height 2300 mm, the height of the mist nozzle 101 is 1500 mm, and the height of the water spray nozzle 1 is 50 mm.
Each of them was set to 0 mm, and a pair of CS meters 102 and 103 were set to the respective positions shown in the figure so as to be paired up and down. That is, upper CS
The meter is 200 mm from the ceiling, the lower CS meter is 250 mm from the bottom, and each CS meter is 1000 mm at the center of the chamber 100.
It was set at a distance of mm. The spray time of the fog nozzle 101 is 5
The sprinkling time of the sprinkling nozzle 1 is set to 2 minutes, and the situation of fog generation and the state of fog elimination are controlled by the video camera 104 at the center of the side surface.
Observed at. In addition, No. In Nos. 1 to 7, watering pressure was 0.5 kgf / cm ² , No. 8 only 1.0 kgf / c
It was set to m ² . 12 to 18, (a) is a plan view and (b) is a sectional view taken along line EE of (a).

[0019]

[Table 1]

According to the result of this experiment, No. 4 and No.
The parabolic face-to-face watering pattern of 8 (FIG. 15) shows the highest increase in transmittance. It is considered that this is because the water sprinkling on the surface causes dispersion due to collision of water particles. However, as mentioned above, the rise in equipment costs is inevitable.
No. 2, 3, and 7 show almost the same defoaming effect. Of these, No. Reference numeral 7 is face-to-face watering divided into upper and lower parts (upper and lower separation type face-to-face watering) as shown in FIG. 18, but it has the same disadvantages as the above case. On the other hand, No.
No. 3 shows a defrosting effect that is almost comparable, and N
o. 2 is slightly less effective than this, but still shows a sufficiently high increase in transmittance. No. 3 and No. The difference between the two is that the former has a larger intersection in the watering range than the latter. It is considered that the dispersion of the water particles caused by the intersection of the sprinkling ranges occurs as described above in terms of the defoaming effect. Moreover, in this case, it is possible to solve the problem of high equipment costs such as the face-to-face watering pattern. Other case No. Nos. 1, 5, and 6 are not suitable because the fog-eliminating effect is extremely poor. However, No. No. 1 directly shows the effect of a single water spray nozzle. 2,
It can be seen that when compared with 3, the synergistic effect due to the crossing of the water sprays is remarkable. In addition, No. From the result of 1, the above-mentioned JP-A-6
In the swirling fan-shaped water spray distribution of 1-290105,
It can be easily estimated that only an increase in transmittance equal to or less than that can be obtained. Similarly, No. From the results of No. 6, it can be seen that the vertical jet method of JP-A-61-290105 also has a low fog-eliminating effect. Therefore, in order to achieve the object of the present invention, No. 2, and more preferably No. Adopting a parabolic parallel watering pattern of 3 is appropriate.

[0021]

As described above, the fog eliminating system of the present invention is
By installing water spray nozzles with a fan-shaped water spray range on one side of the road at a predetermined interval and spraying water from one side of the road to the other side in a fan shape, it is possible to capture mist particles in a wide range and eliminate the fog. Is a big one. Especially, if you arrange the sprinkler nozzles so that the adjacent fan-shaped sprinkler ranges intersect slightly,
The fog-eliminating effect is remarkably improved. Moreover, according to this system, the total laying length can be shortened, and a simple and inexpensive fog eliminating system can be obtained.

Using the fog spray nozzle of the present invention,
Since the water spray has a uniform fan-shaped water spray distribution with a simple structure, the above-described fog-eliminating effect can be effectively achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fog eliminating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a piping diagram of the fog eliminating system.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the fog spray nozzle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a view showing a watering distribution and a watering pattern of the watering nozzle of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a spray nozzle for fog elimination according to another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a water distribution and a water spray pattern of the water spray nozzle of FIG. 7.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a fog eliminating system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12: No. It is explanatory drawing which shows the apparatus structure and the watering pattern in the case of 1.

FIG. 13 shows the results of No. It is explanatory drawing which shows the apparatus structure and the watering pattern in the case of 2.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the results of No. It is explanatory drawing which shows the apparatus structure and the watering pattern in case of 3.

FIG. 15 shows the results of the No. 4 and No. It is explanatory drawing which shows the apparatus structure and the watering pattern in the case of 8.

16 is a diagram showing the results of No. It is explanatory drawing which shows the apparatus structure and the watering pattern in the case of No. 5.

FIG. 17 shows the results of No. It is explanatory drawing which shows the apparatus structure and the watering pattern in the case of 6.

FIG. 18: No. It is an explanatory view showing a device configuration and a watering pattern in the case of No. 7.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Sprinkling Nozzle 2 Piping 3 Vertical Piping 4 Water Reservoir 5 Pump 6 Fan-shaped Sprinkling Area 7 Common Piping 10 Defoaming System 11 Hollow Body 12 Spout 15 Arc Part 20 Road 21 Central Separation Zone

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A fog eliminating system for eliminating fog on a road by watering, in a predetermined section of the road, watering nozzles having fan-shaped watering ranges for fan-shaped watering from one side to the other side of the road are installed at predetermined intervals. A defrosting system for roads that has been characterized. 2. The system for defrosting a road according to claim 1, wherein the water spray nozzles are installed in the median strip in opposite directions. 3. The system for defrosting a road according to claim 1, wherein the water spray nozzles are installed so that the adjacent fan-shaped water spray ranges intersect each other to some extent. 4. The defoaming system for a road according to claim 1, wherein the sprinkling nozzle has a horizontal body provided with a horizontal ejection port having a horizontally long hole. 5. The water spray nozzle is configured such that the opening gaps at both ends of the jet outlet are larger in an arc shape than the opening gaps in the middle portion and have a uniform water spray distribution. The road defoaming system according to claim 4, characterized in that 6. The road fog eliminating system according to claim 1, wherein the water spray nozzle is supplied with water pressurized by a pump through an evenly branched pipe.