JPH08267125A - Extrusion method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent the entrainment of oxide to a molded material and the occurrence of a blister by cooling the rear end part of a billet to a definite temperature before charging a container with the billet, and performing vacuum deaeration between a container and the billet before an extrusion. CONSTITUTION: An intermediate standby position is provided in the middle of charging a container 1 from the billet carrier of a billet 13, refrigerant is sprayed to the rear end part of the billet 13 during the extrusion of a preceding billet, and the rear end part is cooled to about 200 to 300 deg.C. Next, by using an extruding stem 14 on which a fix dummy block 70 is mounted at its tip, this billet is pushed into the container 1 butted on the end face of a die 3. The fix dummy block 70 is cooled by a cooling water pipe in the extruding stem 14, and the extrusion working surface of the billet 13 must be cooled effectively. Further, in this state, after charging the container with the billet 13, a seal block 40 on the extrusion stem 14 side of the container 1 is closed, the deaerating of the air in the container 1 is performed by a vacuum suction device 60, and an extrusion is started.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention, when an aluminum alloy or the like is extruded by an extrusion press, cools the rear end of the billet with water spray before loading the billet into the extrusion container and passes the die through the die. Before the billet is extruded, the air between the container and the billet is degassed outside the container, and the billet does not contain air,
It relates to an improved extrusion method for effectively and efficiently extruding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When hot extrusion is carried out continuously, the heat of the heated billet causes the temperature of the fixed damy block on the extrusion working surface side to rise when it is extruded while contacting the billet.

In order to lower the temperature of these fixed damy blocks, the billet temperature is lowered by so-called indirect cooling in which the rear end of the billet is indirectly cooled by cooling the inside of the fixed damy block and the side of the extrusion working surface. Was being done.

On the other hand, when a billet having a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the container is put into the container, and the billet is pressed against the die by the rear stem in the container, so-called upsetting, the billet is crushed and the air between the container and the billet is crushed. Is compressed. In order to release this compressed air, the stem and the container are slightly retracted, the compressed air is discharged from the gap between the die and the container, and the container and the stem are advanced again to start extrusion. The degassing process for removing the compressed air in this way is called a burp cycle, but this process causes a waste of time in the extrusion cycle.

[0005]

However, according to the former method, when the temperature on the extrusion working surface side of the fixed damy block during the extrusion of the billet rises due to the heat received from the temperature of the aluminum alloy billet, it is contained in the skin portion of the billet. Since impurities, residual air, and the like flow into the inside of the extrusion mold material by backward entrainment due to the metal flow, there is a problem that the blister and impurities are caught during extrusion molding and the product yield of the extrusion molding material decreases. Especially in the case of extrusion molding of aluminum alloy, the temperature of the extrusion working surface of the fixed damy block has been empirically determined by indirect cooling as in the past.
Within 20 seconds of idle time, from 450 ℃ to 200
There is a problem that it is difficult to significantly lower the temperature to 300 ° C.

According to the latter method, when the container is degassed by the burp cycle and the container is pressed against the die, air remains at atmospheric pressure between the inner surface of the container and the outer surface of the billet in a thin state of about one sheet of skin. However, sufficient deaeration has not been performed. Further, aluminum dust often adheres to the container liner end surface and the die end surface. If it adheres in a uniform film form, there should be no intrusion of air when it is sealed, but in general, dust adheres unevenly. For this reason, even if the inside of the container was degassed, even if air entered again and a burp cycle was carried out by the time the upsetting of the billet was completed, the blister was generated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to suppress metal flow at the rear end of the billet and to vacuum the air in the container before extrusion. By degassing
This is to prevent deterioration of the quality or yield of the extruded mold material due to the inclusion of residual air or impurities contained in the outer surface skin of the billet.

[0008]

The present invention has been made to achieve the above object. In the first aspect of the present invention, after the billet sent from the billet carrier is received by the billet loader, An intermediate stop standby position of the billet loader is provided on the way of transferring to the billet loading port of the extrusion container, and a temperature range of about 200 to 300 ° C. while spraying a cooling medium on the rear end of the billet during extrusion molding of the front billet. After cooling to, before the extrusion of the billet, contact the die end face with the die side end face of the container, and push the billet inserted in the container to the die side.Fixed type provided at the tip of the extrusion stem from the extrusion stem. Cooling water is passed through the cooling passage leading to the damai block of the extruding stem of the extruding container while cooling the fix dami block. At the end face of, the seal block is closed to the extrusion stem in which the billet is being pushed, the air accumulated in the container before the extrusion of the billet is degassed from the extrusion stem side, and the second In the invention, after the billet sent from the billet carrier is received by the billet loader, an intermediate stop standby position of the billet loader is provided on the way of transferring to the billet loading port of the extrusion container, and during the extrusion molding of the front billet. After cooling the rear end of the next billet to a temperature range of about 200 to 300 ° C. while spraying a cooling medium, the die end face and the die side end face of the container are brought into contact with each other to start extrusion of the next billet inserted into the container. Previously, in the end surface of the extrusion container on the extrusion stem side, in a state where the seal block is closed with respect to the extrusion stem in which the next billet is being pushed, And so as to degas the air accumulated in the inside container from the extrusion stem side.

[0009]

According to the above construction, the billet is cooled by directly spraying the cooling medium onto the rear end portion of the billet placed on the billet loader. That is, by providing an intermediate stop standby position of the front billet loader and detecting the temperature of the billet rear end portion by a temperature detector during extrusion molding of the front billet, a cooling medium is sprayed on the billet rear end portion in a short time. It can be reduced efficiently.

When both the external cooling method (directly spraying cooling water on the rear end of the billet) and the internal cooling method (passing cooling water from the extrusion stem to the fixed damy block) are used, the container end face and the die After contacting the end face with the billet, the billet whose rear end has been cooled to the desired temperature is passed through the cooling passage from the extrusion stem to the fixed damy block while cooling the extruded surface of the fixed damy block. The air remaining between the container and the billet must be sucked and degassed from the extrusion stem side before the extrusion is pushed into the container and the extrusion is started.

When only the external cooling system is used without internal cooling, the billet having the rear end of the billet cooled to a desired temperature by direct spraying of cooling water after the container end face and the die end face are contacted with each other is extruded. The air remaining between the container and the billet must be sucked and degassed from the extrusion stem side before being pushed into the container and started extrusion.

When the air remaining between the container and the billet is sucked from the extruding stem side of the container and the external cooling and the internal cooling are used together, the fix damy body previously attached to the extruding working surface side of the extruding stem is used. The block was cooled from the inside, and the residual air in the container was vacuum-sucked while the block was placed on the end face of the container on the extrusion stem side and sealed by a seal block that could be opened and closed in the axial direction of the container. Therefore, the air between the container and the billet can be easily degassed to the outside of the container and the metal flow can be suppressed, so that the product yield is greatly improved by preventing the occurrence of blister.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a degassing system for an extruding container when using both internal cooling and external cooling according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a degassing for an extruding container by only external cooling according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a system, FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a temperature adjusting device at a rear end portion of a billet according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an extrusion stem having an internal cooling device, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view seen from A to A, FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of pressing the tip of the billet against a die and then performing vacuum suction from the extrusion stem side of the container, and FIG. 7 is an illustration of an extrusion press equipped with a temperature adjusting device at the billet rear end. Front view, FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of the billet loader, FIG. 9 is a front view of the billet loader,
FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing how to collapse the billet pressurized in the container.

As shown in FIG. 1, a container cylinder 33 for sliding the container tire 2 and the container 1 is provided on the end platen 32. Reference numeral 36 is a cylinder tube forming a part of the cylinder body, 37 is a piston, 3
8 is a piston rod.

Reference numeral 3 is a die, and the outer periphery of the die 3 is slidably fitted and held on the inner peripheral surface of the die ring 5. Reference numeral 31 denotes a gap between the inner peripheral surface of the container and the outer peripheral surface of the billet 13, which is also a deaeration space.

On the other hand, the extrusion stem 1 for pushing the billet 13
A fixed damy block 70 that can come into close contact with the inner surface of the container 1 is provided at the tip of the container 4.

In this embodiment, a vacuum suction device for sucking and removing the residual air in the deaeration space 31 will be described.

First, a vacuum suction device 60 for removing the air on the side of the extrusion stem 14 in the container 1 is arranged on the end surface of the container 1 on the side of the extrusion stem 14 as shown in FIG.
On the end surface of the container 1 on the side of the extrusion stem 14, a split seal block 40 is provided so as to be openable and closable in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the container 1, and when the seal block 40 is closed, the seal block 40 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the seal block 40. The seal packing 41 is provided so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the extrusion stem 14.

Reference numeral 42 is a guide plate, and both blocks of the seal block 40 can be opened and closed by a cylinder 43. 41 and 44 are seal packings,
A deaeration hole 45 is provided in a part of the seal block 40, and the deaeration hole 45 is connected to the vacuum tank 20 via a pipe 8a. Reference numeral 46 is an electromagnetic switching valve, and as shown in FIG. 6, 47 is a heat insulating material that prevents a part of the heat of heating the container 1 from being transferred to the vacuum suction device 60 by heat conduction. Are disposed via a cover plate 48 disposed on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 47.
Reference numeral 21 is a vacuum pump, and 22 is a motor.

On the other hand, the structure on the side of the extruding stem 14 is not shown in the drawing when the fixed damy block 70 and the extruding stem 14 are bayonet-coupled via the bayonet block 72 as shown in FIG. In some cases, the fixed damy block 70 and the extrusion stem 14 may be directly screwed together.

First, the structure in which the fixed damy block 70 and the extruding stem 14 are bayonet-bonded will be described in detail as a representative. In FIG. 4, 1 is a container,
Reference numeral 14 denotes a tubular extruding stem, and 70 denotes a fixed damy block fixedly provided on the front surface of the extruding stem 14 and slidably provided in the container 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the rear end portion of the extrusion stem 14 is connected to the crosshead 7 via a stem holder 73 and a pressure ring 74.
It is fixed at 5.

A bayonet block 72 is disposed on the front surface of the extruding stem 14, and a distal end portion of a connection rod 76 having a circular outer diameter cross section is attached by a screw to a rear half portion of the bayonet block 72. Installed. The rear end portion of the connection rod 76 is a large diameter portion 76a as shown in FIG. 1, and is engaged and fixed with a tapered surface in the hole at the rear end portion of the extrusion stem 14.

The front half of the bayonet block 72 is of a bayonet type as shown in FIG. 4, and three projections 72a are arranged at equal intervals, for example. On the other hand, recesses 77b engageable with the protrusions 72a are provided at equal intervals on the side of the damee boss 77 to be mounted, and the protrusions 72a of the bayonet block 72 and the recesses 77a on the side of the damie boss 77 are mounted at the time of mounting. Engage and insert, approximately 60
By rotating the damee boss 77,
7 can be surely and quickly attached to and removed from the bayonet block 72.

A through hole is bored in the connection rod 76 in the axial direction, and a water supply pipe 78,
A drain pipe 79 is provided. The water pipe 78 and the drain pipe 79 that form the cooling pipe 80 are firmly attached by welding to the holes 82 and 83 of the cooling pipe tip block 81, and the rear end extends into the pressure ring 74. .

The end of the water supply pipe 78 has a pressure ring 7
It is connected to a cooling water supply pump (not shown) via a pipe passage 84, an opening / closing valve 85, and a pipe 86 inside the nozzle 4. The end of the drainage pipe 79 is connected to the drainage port 88 via a passage 87 formed by a pipe in the pressure ring 74. Inner peripheral surface of extrusion stem 14 and connection rod 76
A small gap is provided between the outer peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface in order to hold the core of the connection rod 76 in a flexible state. In addition, a slight gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the connection rod 76 and the outer peripheral surfaces of the water supply pipe 78 and the drain pipe 79 so that the connection rod 76 is not directly cooled. A small gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the connection rod 76 and the cooling pipe tip block 81 to keep the core in a flexible state.

In this case, since a through hole is provided in the connection rod 76 to pass the water supply pipe 78 and the drain pipe 79, the connection rod 76 is not directly cooled, and therefore the temperature difference between the extruding stem 14 and the connection rod 76. And the flexibility of the core of the fixed damy block 70 is not impaired. Although the hole 82 in the cooling pipe tip block 81 is provided so as to penetrate therethrough, the front end portion of the hole 82 communicates with the opening 89 in the outer peripheral direction via the cooling pipe 80.

In the front half of the dami boss 77, a small cylindrical protrusion 92 provided in the center of the core block 91 is inserted into the center through hole 90 of the dami boss 77, and the connection is made from the rear end side of the dami boss 77. The bolt 93 is screwed into the threaded portion of the small cylindrical projection 92, and the connection bolt 93 is tightened to strongly contact the core block 91 with the dami boss 77.

A cylindrical outer ring 94 is fixed to the outer periphery of the front side of the dami boss 77. Further, between the rear end surface of the core block 91 and the front end surface of the dami boss 77,
The tip of the outer ring 94 and the outer surface 9 of the core block 91
5 has a gap corresponding to a step with the core block 91. When the core block 91 is pushed backward during extrusion, the core block 91
The rear end face of the damy boss 77 contacts the front end face. The outer ring 94 is expanded to hit the inner surface of the container, and the billet 13 is fixed to the fixed damy block 70.
It is designed to prevent the fluid from flowing toward the extrusion stem 14 side.

The core block 91, the damy boss 77 having the outer ring 94, and the like form a fixed damy block 70 integrally. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 94 on the front end side is sized to substantially contact the outer peripheral surface of the container 1. Further, the outer peripheral portion of the front end of the core block 91 has a tapered surface portion 96 that widens to the front side so that the tapered surface portion 96 of the inner peripheral portion of the front end of the outer ring 94 can be closely attached.

A passage 82a for passing the cooling water supplied from the water supply pipe 78 is provided at the central axis of the core block 91 and the projection 92, and the tip of this passage 82a is the outer surface of the core block 91. It is extended to around 95.

As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of radial cooling holes 98 (eight in this embodiment) extending radially from the tip of the passage 82a to the outer ring 94 are provided.

A passage 82a is provided in the axial direction from the outer peripheral end of the radial cooling hole 98 to the core block 91 from the dami boss 77 to the opening 89 of the cooling pipe 80. Here, reference numerals 100, 101,
Reference numerals 102 and 103 denote plugs, and reference numerals 105, 106 and 107 denote heat resistant O-rings, respectively.

Next, the temperature adjusting device 110 at the rear end of the billet will be described with reference to FIG. The temperature adjusting device 110 at the rear end of the billet is disposed on the machine base 112 on the side of the extrusion cylinder adjacent to the billet loader 111.

The temperature adjusting device 110 at the rear end of the billet
Is a cooling nozzle 115, a contact-type temperature sensor device 113,
Displacement sensor device 124, cover 116, linear guide 1
17, an air cylinder 118, a control device 119, an electromagnetic valve 120, and a moving base 121.

An air cylinder 118 is mounted on the base 122.
And a linear guide 117 are provided. When air is supplied to the front and rear of the piston of the air cylinder 118, the linear guide 11 is expanded and contracted as the piston rod 118a expands and contracts.
A moving base 121 is provided that moves forward and backward while being suspended on the top 7.

The movable base 121 has a structure having a projecting portion 121a having an inverted L-shaped side surface. At the central position of the projecting portion 121a, for example, a water is directed toward the billet rear end portion 13a. A cooling nozzle 115 is arranged so that a cooling medium such as can be sprayed.

The cooling nozzle 115 sprays water on the billet rear end portion 13a in a state in which water is made into a fine droplet diameter by a so-called two-phase mixed spraying method of a spraying gas using compressed air and a liquid such as water. To cool down.

When spraying water from the cooling nozzle 115 toward the billet rear end portion 13a, in order to prevent the sprayed water from splashing, the billet rear end portion 13 is prevented.
The cover 11 having an open side a and a cut cross section having a U-shape
6 is disposed on the protruding portion 121a.

At an eccentric position between the cooling nozzle 115 and the cover 116, a contact-type temperature sensor device 113 for measuring the surface temperature of the billet rear end portion 13a is provided.
Are arranged in the same direction as.

A displacement sensor device 124 located on the same extension line of the rear side of the contact type temperature sensor device 113 is provided, and a displacement sensor 124a is provided at the tip of this displacement sensor device 124, and the displacement sensor is always provided. Device 1
It is configured to abut on the rear end portion of 24.

A spring 123 is elastically mounted around the middle of the contact-type temperature sensor device 113, so that the temperature sensor 113a such as a thermocouple is constantly urged to press the tip of the temperature sensor 113a. About 1 from the tip of the cover 116
It is designed to project 0 mm.

A spring (not shown) is also mounted inside the displacement sensor device 124 as in the contact-type temperature sensor device 113, and the displacement sensor 12 is urged by pressure.
The structure is such that the contraction of 4a and the expansion by the expansion force of the spring are possible.

On the other hand, the displacement sensor device 124 includes the cover 11
The air cylinder 1 continues after the temperature sensor 113a protruding about 10 mm from 6 contacts the billet rear end portion 13a.
Since the moving base 121 approaches the billet rear end 13a side by the extension of the piston rod 118a of 18, the temperature sensor 113a overcomes the extension force of the spring 123 and retracts.

As the moving base 121 approaches the billet 13 side, the displacement sensor device 124 indicates that the distance between the cover 116 and the billet rear end portion 13a is, for example, 2 to 3 mm. Degeneration amount about 7-8m
It is designed to be converted back from m and stop at that position.
Therefore, the cover 116 does not come into contact with the billet rear end portion 13a.

Reference numeral 119 is a control device, 120 is an electromagnetic valve, and 125 is a shear device.

The billet loader 111 shown in FIG.
1 billet loader 111a and No. 1 2 billet loader 1
11b, the billet 13 as a molding material is transferred to and supplied to the billet loading port 126 of the container 1, which is sent by a billet carrier 127 installed on one side of the molding machine. Each of the billets 13 coming is grasped one by one and lifted up to the billet loading port 126 of the container 1. In addition,
No. 1 billet loader 111a and No. 1 The two billet loaders 111b have the same configuration.

As shown in FIG. 8, the billet carrier 127
The billets 13 are supplied one by one to the lower position of the container 1 by the billet loader 111, and the billet loader 111 is configured to grab the billet 13 and transfer it to the billet loading port 126. Therefore, the billet loader 111 is arranged so as to face the billet carrier 127, and is provided with a swing arm 128 formed so as to be rotatable along a plane orthogonal to the extrusion center line of the molding machine.

That is, one end of the swing arm 128 is pivotally attached to the swing center shaft 130 arranged on the outer side of the lower tie rod 129 of the molding machine, and has an expanded V-shape so as not to interfere with the tie rod 129 during the swing operation. It is bent and extends from the lower portion of the tie rod 129 to below the container 1. Then, the tip of the swing arm 128 is swung to move the mounting table 131 of the billet carrier 127.
And the billet loading port 126 of the container 1 are set to reciprocate.

In order to perform a swing operation, a hydraulic drive cylinder device 132 is connected to the swing arm 128, and the swing arm 128 is driven by the extension / contraction operation thereof.

Here, a billet holding portion 133 for holding the billet 13 is attached to the tip of the swing arm 128.

The billet holder 133 supports the bottom surface of the billet 13 at the container loading position.
Are arranged in a V shape. In addition, the code | symbol 135 shows the water conduit for cooling.

In another embodiment of the present invention, unlike the extrusion stem 14 shown in FIG. 1, cooling water is passed through the interior of the extrusion stem 14 and the fixed damy block 70 attached to the tip thereof. This is not the so-called internal cooling type, but the extruding stem 14 that has been conventionally used.

First, the extrusion molding method when the internal cooling method and the external cooling method are used together will be described. Before the billet 13 is extruded, in order to indirectly cool the billet 13, a cooling water supply pump (not shown) is activated to introduce cooling water into the radial cooling holes 98, and the fixed damy block 70 is placed inside. Keep it cool. At this time, the cooling water enters from the rear of the extrusion stem 6, passes through the water supply pipe 78 in the connection rod 76 in the extrusion stem 14,
Passage 82a, radial cooling holes 98, passage 99, opening 89
Then, the cooling water discharged from the drainage port 88 through the drainage pipe 79 is discharged to a tank (not shown) through the pipe.

On the other hand, the direct cooling of the billet 13 is performed as follows. An aluminum material is used as the material of the billet 13 in this embodiment, and although the extrusion time of the billet 13 differs depending on the diameter and the length, it takes about 60 to 90 seconds to extrude one billet 13.

During the extrusion of the billet 13 in the previous cycle, the billet rear end portion 13a in the next cycle must be cooled, which is performed as follows.

That is, while about half of the billet 13 in the previous cycle has been extruded from the die 3 into an extruded material, the billet 13 in the next cycle is stopped at the intermediate stop position while being placed on the billet loader 111, Rear end 13
It is necessary to start the cooling of a.

First, the billet loader 111 is No.
Hydraulically driven cylinder device 13 of one billet loader 111a
The swing arm 128 is lowered by expanding and contracting 2 to make the billet holding portion 133 at the tip end face the mounting table 131 of the billet carrier 127 as shown by the chain line in FIG. 8 (position D in FIG. 8).

Next, the billet 13 delivered from the billet carrier 127 holding the billet 13 rolls into the billet holding portion 133 of the billet loader 111.

Then, No. 1 billet loader 111a
The swing arm 128 is pivoted upward, and the billet 13 is made to stand by at the E position which is the intermediate stop position in FIG.

When the billet loader 111 stops with the billet 13 placed at the E position and sends this stop signal to the control device 119, the temperature adjusting device 110 at the rear end of the billet is operated.

That is, since air is introduced to the piston head (not shown) side of the air cylinder 118 and the piston rod 118a expands, the moving base 121 advances on the linear guide 117 toward the billet loader 111.

When the moving base 121 moves forward, the front end of the temperature sensor 113a of the contact type temperature sensor device 113 first comes into contact with the rear end 13a of the billet to detect the surface temperature of the billet 13 heated to about 450.degree. is there.

The temperature sensor 113a is connected to the billet rear end portion 13.
In the state before contacting the surface of a, the temperature sensor 113a is in the state of protruding by 10 mm from the tip of the cover 116.
Of the contact type temperature sensor device 124 by the displacement sensor 124a of the displacement sensor device 124 when the distance between the front end of the cover 116 and the rear end 13a of the billet becomes 2-3 mm. Is detected and the signal is transmitted to the control device 119, whereby the moving base 121 is stopped at a desired position near the billet rear end portion 13a.

By this stop signal, the electromagnetic valve 120 is demagnetized so that water as a cooling medium is conducted to the cooling water pipe 135, and from the cooling nozzle 115 toward the billet rear end portion 13a heated to about 450.degree. Water of fine particle size is sprayed.

When the surface temperature of the billet rear end portion 13a falls to a set value, for example, a desired temperature between 200 and 350 ° C., the signal excites the electromagnetic valve 120 to stop the supply of water to the cooling nozzle 115. Of.

Incidentally, it takes about 20 to 25 seconds for the surface temperature of the billet rear end portion 13a of about 400 to 450 ° C. to drop to, for example, 200 ° C., and it is assumed that once water is sprayed and the temperature falls to a predetermined temperature. Also, the temperature of the billet 13 is again raised by the heat capacity of the billet 13 before the billet 13 is loaded into the container 1 from the intermediate stop position, so it is desirable to lower the temperature as close to 200 ° C as possible.

At the same time, the temperature sensor 11 is connected to the control device 119.
When the output signal of the surface temperature of the billet rear end portion 13a detected at 3a is transmitted, air is introduced to the piston rod 118a side of the air cylinder 118 to set the moving base 121 to No. The first billet loader 111a is retracted to the original position where it does not interfere.

When one cycle of extrusion of the billet 13 is completed, the container 1 is retracted, the ravel of the billet 13 is cut by the shear device 125, and the extrusion stem 1
Retreat 4 to the retreat limit.

Next, at the intermediate stop position (position E in FIG. 8), the billet loader 111, which is on standby with the billet 13 whose rear end is cooled to the desired temperature, is placed in the extrusion center position (position F in FIG. 8). ), The extrusion process is started by the subsequent advance of the extrusion stem 14.

Next, pressure oil is supplied to the rod side of the container cylinder 33, the piston 37 is moved leftward in FIG. 1, and the container 1 apart from the die 3 is advanced to move the die 3 and the container 1 together. Abut.

When this operation is completed, the billet 1
When the billet loader (not shown) with 3 mounted thereon is moved upward and the extrusion stem 14 is advanced, the billet 13 is pushed into the container 1 and the billet 13 comes into contact with the end surface of the die 3 side, as shown in FIG. As shown. At this time, air is present in the deaeration space 31 between the container 1 and the billet 13.

Subsequently, the billet 13 is pushed into the container 1 as the extrusion stem 14 moves forward, and the vacuum suction device 6 disposed on the extrusion stem 14 side of the container 1 is pushed.
0 cylinder 43 is operated to close the halved seal block 40 to seal the space between the extrusion stem 14 and the container 1.

When the pressure of a side cylinder (not shown) starts to rise when the billet 13 is pushed into the container 1 and comes into contact with the die 3, the electromagnetic switching valve 46 is excited at the same time as or immediately before the pressure is increased to the inside of the container 1 and the vacuum tank 20. And are made in a ventilable state and vacuum suction is performed.

The forward movement of the extrusion stem 14 is continuously performed by switching from the side cylinder to the main cylinder (not shown), and the extrusion stem 14 advances to start upset.

The closed air on the side of the extrusion stem 14 passes through a deaeration hole 45 provided in a part of the split seal block 40, and is sucked and discharged to the vacuum tank 20 via an electromagnetic switching valve 46 on the pipe 8a. To be done. Thus, the seal block 40
It is quickly and sufficiently degassed from the degassing hole 45 of the.

The inside of the vacuum tank 20 is already the vacuum pump 21.
Therefore, for example, it is in a vacuum state of 0 to 5 Torr. First,
As the extrusion stem 14 advances, the billet 13 moves to the container 1
It is pushed in, but at the time of this pushing in, the enlarged-diameter portion 49 of the tip of the extrusion stem 14 passes through the seal block 40 and closes the seal block 40 (FIG. 6).

When the electromagnetic switching valve 46 is excited in this state, the residual air in the container 1 becomes 0 to 20 Torr in 0.1 to 0.5 seconds after the vacuum suction by the vacuum tank 20 is started. . And the extrusion stem 1
When the tip of the billet 13 hits the die 3, the pressure oil in the side cylinder reaches a predetermined pressure, and the upset is switched to the main cylinder (not shown).

However, before starting the upset, a cooling medium supply device (not shown) is operated to introduce a cooling medium such as cooling water into the radial cooling holes 98 to cool the fixed damy block 70 from the inside. Keep it. At this time, the cooling water enters from the rear of the extrusion stem 14,
4 through the water supply pipe 78 in the connection rod 76, through the passage 82a, the radial cooling holes 98, the passage 99, and the opening 89, and through the drainage pipe 79 to be discharged from the rear of the extrusion stem 14.

In the present invention, the radial cooling holes 9 are used.
Since 8 are radially provided in the vicinity of the outer surface 95 of the core block 91 from the central portion to the outer side, the outer surface 9 of the fixed damy block 70 at the time of upset by the passage of cooling water.
The temperature of 5 can be cooled to 200-230 degreeC. However,
In this example, the idle time was 15 seconds. In addition,
The radial cooling holes 98 are less likely to vaporize the cooling water and have a simple structure.

Therefore, when the upset is started in such a state, the rear end of the billet 13 in contact with the fixed damy block 70 is cooled. When the upset is started, the outer peripheral end of the billet 13 on the extrusion stem 14 side rises and comes into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the container 1.

When carrying out the upset, the billet 13
Since the rear end portion of the fixed damy block 70 is cooled and the fluidity is considerably deteriorated, the friction degree between the fixed end portion of the fixed damy block 70 and the front end surface of the fixed damy block 70 is increased, and the rear end portion of the billet 13 is exposed to the inside of the outer skin. The billet is prevented from being entrained, and a slight amount of air in the outer skin of the rear end portion of the billet 13 that could not be completely removed by degassing from the extruding stem 14 side due to the entrainment is also prevented from being simultaneously entrained in the billet 13. Only the expansion of the rear end of 13 fixes the fixed damy block 70 side. In this way, the outer skin of the rear end portion of the billet 13 and the air are prevented from being entangled in the inside of the billet 13 by cooling the fixed damy block 70, and the billet 13 on the front die 3 side thereof is prevented.
The air that causes blisters can be sufficiently removed by degassing the surface of the.

In particular, in this embodiment, various experiments were carried out, and if the front end face of the fixed damy block 70 became 250 ° C. or lower, the fluidity on the rear end side of the billet 13 deteriorated and the outer surface skin of the rear end of the billet 13 was deteriorated. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of blisters in the product extruded product because the product is prevented from being caught inside.

After that, the extrusion stem 14 continues to move forward without a break, and the billet 13 is crushed. The crushed state is shown in FIG. In these figures, the degassing space 31 between the container 1 and the billet 13 is pushed toward the die side by the extrusion stem 14 if the billet 13 is sequentially pressurized from S1 to S3. It can be seen from FIG. 10 that they are fitted.

Even after the suction degassing is started, the extrusion stem 14
Continues to move forward, crushing the billet 13. Then, the billet 13 is filled in the container 1 to complete the upset. Next, the extrusion is continued, and the product is extruded from the die 3.

Next, the case of extrusion molding only by the external cooling method will be described.

During the extrusion of the billet 13 in the previous cycle, the billet rear end portion 13a in the next cycle must be cooled, and is performed as follows.

That is, while about half of the billet 13 in the previous cycle has been extruded from the die 3 into an extruded material, the billet 13 in the next cycle is stopped at the intermediate stop position while being placed on the billet loader 111. Rear end 13
It is necessary to start the cooling of a.

First, for the billet loader 111, No.
Hydraulically driven cylinder device 13 of one billet loader 111a
The swing arm 128 is lowered by expanding and contracting 2 to make the billet holding portion 133 at the tip end face the mounting table 131 of the billet carrier 127 as shown by the chain line in FIG. 8 (position D in FIG. 8).

Next, the billet 13 delivered from the billet carrier 127 holding the billet 13 rolls into the billet holding portion 133 of the billet loader 111.

Then, No. 1 billet loader 111a
The swing arm 128 is pivoted upward, and the billet 13 is made to stand by at the E position which is the intermediate stop position in FIG.

When the billet loader 111 stops with the billet 13 placed at the E position and sends this stop signal to the controller 119, the temperature adjusting device 110 at the rear end of the billet is operated.

That is, since air is introduced to the piston head (not shown) side of the air cylinder 118 and the piston rod 118a expands, the moving base 121 advances on the linear guide 117 toward the billet loader 111.

When the moving base 121 moves forward, the front end of the temperature sensor 113a of the contact type temperature sensor device 113 first comes into contact with the rear end 13a of the billet to detect the surface temperature of the billet 13 heated to about 450.degree. is there.

The temperature sensor 113a is connected to the billet rear end portion 13.
In the state before contacting the surface of a, the temperature sensor 113a is in the state of protruding by 10 mm from the tip of the cover 116.
Of the contact type temperature sensor device 124 by the displacement sensor 124a of the displacement sensor device 124 when the distance between the front end of the cover 116 and the rear end 13a of the billet becomes 2-3 mm. Is detected and the signal is transmitted to the control device 119, whereby the moving base 121 is stopped at a desired position near the billet rear end portion 13a.

By this stop signal, the electromagnetic valve 120 is demagnetized so that water as a cooling medium is conducted to the cooling water conduit 135, and at the same time, from the cooling nozzle 115 toward the billet rear end portion 13a heated to about 450.degree. Water of fine particle size is sprayed.

When the surface temperature of the billet rear end portion 13a drops to a set value, for example, a desired temperature between 200 and 350 ° C., the signal excites the electromagnetic valve 120 to stop the supply of water to the cooling nozzle 115. Of.

Incidentally, it takes about 20 to 25 seconds to lower the surface temperature of the billet rear end portion 13a of about 400 to 450 ° C. to, for example, 200 ° C. Even if the temperature is once lowered to a predetermined temperature by spraying water. Also, the temperature of the billet 13 is again raised by the heat capacity of the billet 13 before the billet 13 is loaded into the container 1 from the intermediate stop position, so it is desirable to lower the temperature as close to 200 ° C as possible.

At the same time, the temperature sensor 11 is connected to the control device 119.
When the output signal of the surface temperature of the billet rear end portion 13a detected at 3a is transmitted, air is introduced to the piston rod 118a side of the air cylinder 118 to set the moving base 121 to No. The first billet loader 111a is retracted to the original position where it does not interfere.

When one cycle of extrusion of the billet 13 is completed, the container 1 is retracted, the ravel of the billet 13 is cut by the shear device 125, and the extrusion stem 1
Retreat 4 to the retreat limit.

Next, at the intermediate stop position (position E in FIG. 8), the billet loader 111, which is waiting while the billet 13 whose rear end has been cooled to a desired temperature is placed, moves to the extrusion center position (position F in FIG. 8). ), The extrusion process is started by the subsequent advance of the extrusion stem 14.

Next, pressure oil is supplied to the rod side of the container cylinder 33, the piston 37 is moved to the left in FIG. 2, and the container 1 apart from the die 3 is advanced to move the die 3 and the container 1 together. Abut.

When this operation ends, the billet 1
When the billet loader (not shown) with 3 mounted thereon is raised and the extrusion stem 14 is moved forward, the billet 13 is pushed into the container 1 and the billet 13 comes into contact with the end surface of the die 3 side, as shown in FIG. As shown. At this time, air is present in the deaeration space 31 between the container 1 and the billet 13.

Subsequently, the billet 13 is pushed into the container 1 as the extrusion stem 14 moves forward, and the vacuum suction device 6 arranged on the extrusion stem 14 side of the container 1 is also pushed.
0 cylinder 43 is operated to close the halved seal block 40 to seal the space between the extrusion stem 14 and the container 1.

When the pressure of a side cylinder (not shown) starts to rise when the billet 13 is pushed into the container 1 and comes into contact with the die 3, the electromagnetic switching valve 46 is excited at the same time as or immediately before, and the inside of the container 1 and the vacuum tank 20 are excited. And are made in a ventilable state and vacuum suction is performed.

Advancement of the extrusion stem 14 is continuously performed by switching from the side cylinder to the main cylinder (not shown), and the extrusion stem 14 advances to start upset.

The closed air on the side of the extrusion stem 14 passes through a deaeration hole 45 provided in a part of the split seal block 40, and is sucked and discharged to the vacuum tank 20 via an electromagnetic switching valve 46 on the pipe 8a. To be done. Thus, the seal block 40
It is quickly and sufficiently degassed from the degassing hole 45 of the.

The vacuum pump 20 is already in the vacuum tank 20.
Therefore, for example, it is in a vacuum state of 0 to 5 Torr. First,
As the extrusion stem 14 advances, the billet 13 moves to the container 1
It is pushed in, but at the time of this pushing in, the enlarged-diameter portion 49 of the tip of the extrusion stem 14 passes through the seal block 40 and closes the seal block 40 (FIG. 6).

When the electromagnetic switching valve 46 is excited in this state, the residual air in the container 1 becomes 0 to 20 Torr in 0.1 to 0.5 seconds after the vacuum suction by the vacuum tank 20 is started. . And the extrusion stem 1
When the tip of the billet 13 hits the die 3, the pressure oil in the side cylinder reaches a predetermined pressure, and the upset is switched to the main cylinder (not shown).

Then, the extrusion is continued, and the product is extruded from the die 3.

[0110]

As is apparent from the above description, in the present invention, the air between the container and the extruding stem is sealed and the air remaining between the container and the billet can be surely and easily degassed. It is possible to easily obtain a non-extruded product. Further, even after the predetermined vacuum degree is reached and the container is sealed, the deaeration action from the extrusion stem side continues until immediately after the start of the extrusion, so that there is no possibility that air will flow back again from the sealing surface and enter. Further, the metal flow in the billet during extrusion can be suppressed, the extruded die material without blister can be extruded stably, and the yield of the extruded die material of the product can be significantly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a degassing system for an extrusion container when using both internal cooling and external cooling according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a degassing system for an extrusion container by only external cooling according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature adjusting device for a billet rear end according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an extrusion stem having an internal cooling device according to the present invention.

5 is a front view seen from AA of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of vacuum suction from the extrusion stem side of the container after pressing the tip of the billet against the die.

FIG. 7 is a front view of an extrusion press provided with a temperature adjusting device at the rear end of the billet.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a billet loader.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the billet loader.

FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing how to collapse a billet pressurized in a container.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Container 2 Container Tire 3 Die 13 Billet 14 Extrusion Stem 20 Vacuum Tank 21 Vacuum Pump 31 Deaeration Space 40 Seal Block 41, 44 Seal Packing 42 Guide Plate 43 Cylinder 45 Deaeration Hole 46 Electromagnetic Changeover Valve 49 Expanding Portion 60 Vacuum Suction Equipment 70 Fixed Damey Block 72 Bayonet Block 73 Stem Holder 74 Pressure Ring 75 Crosshead 77 Damii Boss 78 Water Supply Pipe 79 Drainage Pipe 88 Drainage Port 91 Core Block 93 Connection Bolt 94 Outer Ring 95 Outer Surface 96 Tapered Surface 98 Radial Cooling Hole 110 Billet Rear end temperature adjusting device 111 Billet loader 113 Contact type temperature sensor device 113a Temperature sensor 115 Cooling nozzle 116 Cover 118 Air cylinder 119 Control device 120 Electromagnetic valve 121 Moving base 124 Displacement sensor device 124a Displacement sensor 126 Billet loading port 127 Billet carrier 128 Swing arm 131 Mounting table 133 Billet holder

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An intermediate stop standby position of the billet loader is provided during the transfer of the billet sent from the billet carrier to a billet loading port of an extrusion container after receiving the billet by a billet loader, and the front billet is being extruded. While spraying the cooling medium on the rear end of the billet, about 200-30
After cooling to a temperature range of 0 ° C., before the extrusion of the billet is started, the die end surface and the die side end surface of the container are brought into contact with each other, and the billet inserted into the container is pushed toward the die side. Cooling water is passed through the cooling passage leading to the fixed damy block provided in, and while the fixed damy block is being cooled, at the end face of the extruding stem side of the extruding container, the seal block is attached to the extruding stem that is pressing the billet. In the closed state, the extrusion molding method is characterized in that the air accumulated in the container before the extrusion of the billet is degassed from the extrusion stem side. 2. An intermediate stop standby position of the billet loader is provided during the transfer of the billet sent from the billet carrier to the billet load port of the extrusion container after receiving the billet by the billet loader and during the extrusion molding of the front billet. Next, while spraying the cooling medium on the rear end of the next billet, about 200 to 3
After cooling to a temperature range of 00 ° C., before the extrusion of the next billet inserted into the container is started by bringing the die end surface and the die side end surface of the container into contact with each other, a sealing block is provided on the extruding stem side end surface of the extruding container. An extrusion molding method, characterized in that the air accumulated in the container is degassed from the extrusion stem side with the next billet closed with respect to the extrusion stem being pushed.