JPH08266088A - Controller for motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To contract the buildup time of a DC brushless motor in the case of its restart and secure the safety of its maintenance and checking. CONSTITUTION: The power of a high-voltage battery 1 is fed to an inverter circuit 6 for engaging a DC brushless motor 5 and controlling it, via a main relay 3 and smoothing capacitor 2, and based on the induced voltages in the armature windings of the DC brushless motor 5. IGBTs 60 are controlled by a motor controlling portion 7 and an ECU 8. In the stop controlling operation of the DC brushless motor 5, after the release of the main relay 3, its predetermined armature windings are energized, and an alignment control for fixing the position of its rotor is performed, and the charged charge in the smoothing capacitor 2 is discharged in this alignment control. Thereby, since a synchronous driving of the DC brushless motor 5 can be performed immediately in case of its restart, its buildup time in the case of its restart is contracted, and also, since the charge in the smoothing capacitor 2 has been discharged, even if its maintenance and checking are performed in its stopping term, they are safe.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor controller for controlling the energization of a DC brushless motor operated by a DC power source by means of an inverter circuit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an inverter control device for controlling energization of an induction motor, for example, a DC brushless motor, for example, in an inverter device for driving a compressor motor used in a refrigeration cycle for an air conditioner of an electric vehicle, A relay is provided to control the energization from the battery to the inverter circuit, and the power supply from the battery to the inverter circuit is not always performed.The relay is driven only when the motor is driven, and the relay circuit is used. Power is being supplied. Further, a smoothing capacitor is connected between the relay and the inverter circuit, and the power of the battery supplied via the relay is stably supplied to the inverter circuit by the smoothing capacitor.

Further, since the induced voltage is not generated when the motor is started, positioning operation and synchronous operation are performed, and after the induced voltage of the armature winding is generated for detecting the rotational position of the rotor, the induced voltage is used based on the induced voltage. The rotation speed is controlled by performing a self-control operation that controls the energization timing of the armature winding.

On the other hand, as an inverter device equipped with the above-mentioned smoothing capacitor, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-365 is used.
In Japanese Patent Publication No. 81, in order to ensure safety at the time of inspection of the device, when the input circuit breaker is opened, the output switch is opened and the gate signal of the inverter circuit is generated to operate the inverter circuit without load. , The electric charge charged in the smoothing capacitor is discharged.

[0005]

However, as described above, in the case where the positioning operation and the synchronous operation are performed at the start of the motor and then the self-control operation is performed, it takes time before the self-control operation is performed. In particular, when the motor operation command is issued but only the motor rotation speed command is 0 rpm due to the stop due to internal processing in the control device,
For example, in the case of overheat protection or overcurrent protection, even though the stop state does not continue and the restart is apparent, it is necessary to shift to self-control operation after positioning control and synchronous operation, so restart There is a problem that it takes time.

Further, as in the above publication, in order to ensure safety during maintenance and inspection of the device, it is necessary to discharge the electric charge of the smoothing capacitor, but in the above publication, an output switch is required. It is also possible to separately form a discharge circuit with a discharge resistor to discharge the charge, but if the resistance value is large, it takes time to discharge, and if the resistance value is small, the power consumption increases, and In addition, it is not preferable to use only the vehicle-mounted battery as a power source because it leads to shortening of the duration of the battery.

It is an object of the present invention to shorten the start-up time at the time of starting an induction motor, and at the same time, to simultaneously ensure safety in maintenance and inspection.

[0008]

According to the present invention, claim 1
A controller for an electric motor that controls rotation and stop of the rotor of a DC brushless motor having a rotor having permanent magnets and a plurality of armature windings by controlling energization of the plurality of armature windings. An inverter circuit including a plurality of switching elements for respectively supplying a current of a DC power supply to the plurality of armature windings, and a control means for controlling the inverter circuit based on an induced voltage of the armature windings. In the control device for the electric motor, the control means energizes a predetermined armature winding of the plurality of armature windings at the end of the rotor stop control operation to rotate the rotor. The technical means is to perform the positioning control for fixing.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the rotation and stop of the rotor of a DC brushless motor having a rotor having permanent magnets and a plurality of armature windings are controlled by controlling energization of the plurality of armature windings. A controller for an electric motor, comprising: an inverter circuit comprising a plurality of switching elements for respectively energizing a current of a DC power source to the plurality of armature windings via a relay and a smoothing capacitor; In a motor control device including a control unit that controls based on an induced voltage in a child winding, the control unit cuts off the relay during a stop control operation of the rotor, and then the plurality of armature windings. A technical means is to energize a predetermined armature winding of the wire to perform positioning control for fixing the rotational position of the rotor.

A third aspect of the present invention is a technical means of driving the DC brushless motor according to the first or second aspect of the present invention to drive a refrigerant compressor of a refrigeration cycle of an electric vehicle.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the control means for controlling a DC brushless motor having a rotor having a permanent magnet and a plurality of armature windings is configured so that the current of a DC power source is supplied to the plurality of armature windings. The inverter circuit consisting of a plurality of switching elements for respectively energizing each of them is controlled to perform self-control operation through positioning operation and synchronous operation, and during rotation, the rotation speed is controlled based on the induced voltage of the armature winding. . When performing the stop control operation of the DC brushless motor, the positioning control for fixing the rotational position of the rotor by energizing a predetermined armature winding among the plurality of armature windings is finally performed. Therefore,
When the DC brushless motor is activated next time, there is no need for positioning control and the synchronous operation can be started immediately.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, when the DC brushless motor is started, the control means for controlling the DC brushless motor having the rotor having the permanent magnet and the plurality of armature windings,
When the relay closes, the smoothing capacitor is charged with the current of the DC power supply. In addition, the control means controls an inverter circuit composed of a plurality of switching elements for respectively energizing a plurality of armature windings with the current of the DC power supply, performs positioning operation, synchronous operation, self-control operation, and rotation. Controls the rotation speed based on the induced voltage in the armature winding.

When the stop control operation of the DC brushless motor is performed with the relay being cut off, a positioning control for fixing the rotational position of the rotor by energizing a predetermined armature winding of the plurality of armature windings is performed. To do. Therefore, at the time of positioning control, a current flows from the smoothing capacitor to the inverter circuit, so that the charge of the smoothing capacitor charged in the DC power supply is discharged. For this reason, at the time of maintenance and inspection, the charge of the smoothing capacitor does not reach the worker, and safety can be secured. Also, since the positioning of the rotor of the DC brushless motor is completed during the stop control operation, the DC
When the brushless motor is activated, there is no need for positioning control, and synchronous operation can be started immediately.

[0014]

According to the present invention, when the DC brushless motor is stopped, the rotor positioning control is finally performed. Therefore, when the DC brushless motor is next started, the positioning control is performed. The synchronous operation can be started promptly without the need for Therefore, the rising time of the restart of the DC brushless motor can be shortened.

According to the present invention, when the DC brushless motor is stopped, the electric charge charged in the smoothing capacitor is discharged by the armature winding of the DC brushless motor and does not remain in the smoothing capacitor. Even if maintenance inspection is performed after the stop, the electric charge of the smoothing capacitor does not reach the worker and it is safe. Further, after the relay is opened, the positioning control of the rotor is performed and the electric charge of the smoothing capacitor is discharged, so that the rotor does not rotate thereafter. Therefore, when the DC brushless motor is activated next time, there is no need for the positioning control, and the synchronous operation can be started promptly. As a result, it is possible to shorten the startup time for restarting the DC brushless motor.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An inverter device 100 for driving an electric compressor for an air conditioner of an electric vehicle shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is a direct current 28
It is a high voltage battery with a voltage of 8 [V] and is also a power source for running an electric vehicle. Reference numeral 2 is a smoothing capacitor for voltage stabilization, 3 is an original relay that supplies the current from the high-voltage battery 1 via a resistor 3a, 4 is a main relay that bypasses the resistor to supply the current, and 5 is an inverter unit 6. DC brushless motor, which is a load, and a rotor with a permanent magnet and 3
With phase armature windings. Reference numeral 6 denotes an inverter section in which a plurality of IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) 60 are used as switching elements, and a three-phase bridge connection is made with a plurality of diodes D connected in parallel between the emitters and collectors of opposite polarities.

Reference numeral 7 sends a switching signal of an IGBT 60, which is a switching element of the inverter unit 6, in response to a start-up, stop, and rotation speed command of an ECU 8 which will be described later, and detects an induced voltage of each winding of the DC brushless motor 6. It is a motor control unit that controls the operating state of the rotor (rotor) position and the like. Further, the motor control unit 7 detects an abnormality such as overheat and overcurrent protection, and when the abnormality occurs, stops driving the DC brushless motor 5.

For stopping the driving of the DC brushless motor 5, an EC is detected by detecting an abnormality in the motor controller 7.
The drive can be stopped regardless of the command from U8, or the ECU8
Even if the driving command is sent from the
In the case of pm, the stop mode 1 in which the driving is stopped by the control operation in the motor control unit 7 and E accompanying the operation by the driver
There is a stop mode 2 in which driving is stopped by a stop command from the CU 8. In the case of the stop mode 1, the fact is transmitted to the ECU 8.

Reference numeral 8 outputs a start / stop / rotation speed command to the motor control section 7 of the inverter section 6, and a monitor signal from the motor control section 7 is used as a feedback signal to set a temperature by an operation panel (not shown). Various temperature sensors,
The ECU optimally controls the inverter unit 3 based on other detection signals. Further, when the DC brushless motor 5 is driven, the ECU 8 sends various control signals to the motor control unit 7 and energizes the original relay 3 and the main relay 4 to supply the electric power of the high voltage battery 1 as described above. It is supplied to the inverter unit 6. The control means of the present invention is composed of the motor control section 7 and the ECU 8. A control power supply (not shown) for operating the motor controller 7 and the ECU 8 is separately provided.

Next, the motor controller 7 will be described with reference to FIG. The motor control unit 7 drives the original relay 3 by the activation signal from the ECU 8 to close the contact (step 1),
Resistor 3 until 2 seconds have passed (NO in step 2)
Supply power through. As a result, the smoothing capacitor 2 is charged.

After 2 seconds have passed (YE in step 2)
S), the main relay 4 is driven to close the contacts (step 3), and the high voltage of the high voltage battery 1 is applied to the inverter unit 6. Then, the positioning operation of the DC brushless motor 5 is performed (step 4). In the positioning operation, a predetermined phase (for example, each upper arm of the U phase and W phase and a lower arm of the V phase) is energized for a fixed time (for example, 2 seconds),
Position the rotor in the corresponding position.

Thereafter, the synchronous operation is started (step 5), and the rotation speed is gradually increased to a predetermined rotation speed (for example, 500 rp).
m) (NO in step 6). In the synchronous operation, two of the three-phase windings are energized while energizing so that the electrical angle sequentially changes by 60 degrees, and the switching speed is increased at a constant rate to increase the rotation speed.

When the number of rotations of the rotor reaches a predetermined number of rotations (YES in step 6), the self-control operation is started (step 7), the number of rotations is controlled according to the number of rotations command of the ECU 8, and the stop command is issued. Until there is (N in step 8)
O), continue self-control operation. In the self-control operation, the position of the rotor is detected based on the induced voltage appearing at each of the U, V, and W terminals of the DC brushless motor 5, and the energization control by the inverter unit 6 is performed.

When the ECU 8 issues a stop command or a stop command in the motor control section 7 during operation (YES in step 8), the respective stop modes are as follows according to the command mode. When the stop command is the stop mode 1 by the control operation of the motor control unit 7 (YES in step 9), the rotation drive control is stopped and the step 4 is executed.
Only the same positioning operation is performed and the next command from the ECU 8 is awaited (NO in step 11). As a result, when the next start command is issued (YE
S), it is possible to immediately shift to step 5 and start the synchronous operation. Therefore, the startup time of restart can be shortened.

When the stop command is the stop mode 2 by the stop command of the ECU 8 (NO in step 9), E
After the contacts of the original relay 3 and the main relay 4 are opened by the CU 8 to stop the energization of the high voltage battery 1 to the inverter unit 6 (step 12), the positioning operation of the DC brushless motor 5 is performed (step 13). As a result, the positioning operation is performed by the charge stored in the smoothing capacitor 2, and the charge in the smoothing capacitor 2 is discharged.

The stop mode 2 includes the case where the operation of the DC brushless motor 5 is temporarily stopped and the driver instructs the operation again, and the case where the DC brushless motor 5 is continuously stopped. After that, it is not possible to determine whether or not there is a restart command. However, as in step 13 above, by performing the positioning operation of the DC brushless motor 5 by the charging charge of the smoothing capacitor 2 and completing the discharge of the smoothing capacitor 2, maintenance and inspection work is performed after the operation is stopped. Even if it does, the electric charge of the smoothing capacitor 2 does not reach the worker, and safety is secured. After this, if there is a start command, the processes from step 1 onward are performed.

As described above, in the present embodiment, when the DC brushless motor 5 is stopped, in the stop mode 2, the charge stored in the smoothing capacitor 2 is discharged by the armature winding of the DC brushless motor 5. Since the smoothing capacitor 2 does not remain in the smoothing capacitor 2, even if a maintenance inspection is performed after the DC brushless motor 5 is stopped, the smoothing capacitor 2
It is safe because the electric charge does not reach the worker. Also,
After the original relay 3 is opened, the rotor positioning control is performed, and the electric charge of the smoothing capacitor 2 is discharged, so that the rotor does not rotate thereafter. Therefore,
Next, when the DC brushless motor 5 is activated, there is no need for positioning control, and synchronous operation can be started immediately. As a result, the rising time for restarting the DC brushless motor 5 can be shortened.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, when the start command is issued after step 13, the processing after step 1 is executed. However, the positioning operation in step 13 is stored, and the start command after that is stored. The positioning operation of step 4 may be omitted. In that case,
The startup time of restart can be shortened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an inverter control device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control operation of a motor control unit and an ECU according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 High Voltage Battery (DC Power Supply) 2 Smoothing Capacitor 3 Source Relay (Relay) 5 DC Brushless Motor 6 Inverter Section (Inverter Circuit) 60 IGBT (Switching Element) 7 Motor Control Section (Control Means) 8 ECU (Control Means) 100 Inverter Control device (control device for electric motor)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A motor for controlling rotation and stop of the rotor of a DC brushless motor having a rotor having permanent magnets and a plurality of armature windings by controlling energization of the plurality of armature windings. A control device, comprising: an inverter circuit comprising a plurality of switching elements for respectively energizing a current of a DC power supply to the plurality of armature windings; and controlling the inverter circuit based on an induced voltage of the armature windings. In the controller for the electric motor, which comprises a control means for controlling the control means, the control means, at the end of the stop control operation of the rotor,
A control device for an electric motor, characterized in that a predetermined armature winding among the plurality of armature windings is energized to perform positioning control for fixing the rotational position of the rotor. 2. A motor for controlling rotation and stop of the rotor of a DC brushless motor having a rotor having permanent magnets and a plurality of armature windings by controlling energization of the plurality of armature windings. A controller, comprising: an inverter circuit including a plurality of switching elements for respectively energizing a current of a DC power supply to the plurality of armature windings via a relay and a smoothing capacitor; In a motor control device comprising a control means for controlling based on the induced voltage of, the control means, during the stop control operation of the rotor, shuts off the relay, and then, among the plurality of armature windings. The motor control device is characterized in that the predetermined armature winding is energized to perform positioning control for fixing the rotational position of the rotor. 3. The electric motor control device according to claim 1, wherein the DC brushless motor drives a refrigerant compressor of a refrigeration cycle of an electric vehicle.