JPH08262441A - Surface light source element - Google Patents
Surface light source elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08262441A JPH08262441A JP8085167A JP8516796A JPH08262441A JP H08262441 A JPH08262441 A JP H08262441A JP 8085167 A JP8085167 A JP 8085167A JP 8516796 A JP8516796 A JP 8516796A JP H08262441 A JPH08262441 A JP H08262441A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- emitted
- plane
- incident
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は面光源装置に用いる
面光源素子に関する。本発明は特に、液晶表示装置等の
背面照明手段として好適に使用されるものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surface light source element used in a surface light source device. The present invention is particularly preferably used as a back lighting means for liquid crystal display devices and the like.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、液晶表示装置等の背面照明手段と
しては、光源に線状ランプを用いランプを回転放物線型
リフレクターの焦点に置きランプ上部に乳半状の拡散板
を置いた形状が一般的であり、リフレクターの形状を最
適化する工夫及び拡散板の拡散率を調整する工夫等が行
なわれている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a back lighting means for a liquid crystal display device or the like, a linear lamp is used as a light source, the lamp is placed at the focus of a rotating parabolic reflector, and a milky diffuser plate is placed on the upper portion of the lamp. The idea is to optimize the shape of the reflector and to adjust the diffusivity of the diffuser plate.
【0003】また、特殊な形状として、線状ランプと導
光体を組合わせ、導光体形状を点光源近似によってシュ
ミレートし、ある方向に出射光を集光するように近似曲
線状に加工したものや、光の進行方向に沿って導光体の
厚みを変えたものや、光源からの距離によってプリズム
角を変えたレンチキュラーを使ったもの、及びこれらの
幾つかを組合わせたものがある。点光源近似をすれば、
殆んどの場合、光路をシュミレート出来、且つそれに応
じた導光層の形状を光進行方向の距離に応じて変えてい
くことは可能であり、この様な提案も特許及び実用新案
で多数なされている。In addition, as a special shape, a linear lamp and a light guide are combined, the shape of the light guide is simulated by approximation of a point light source, and processed into an approximate curve shape so as to collect emitted light in a certain direction. There are a thing, a thing which changed the thickness of a light guide along the advancing direction of light, a thing which uses a lenticular whose prism angle is changed according to the distance from a light source, and a combination of some of these. If you do point light approximation,
In most cases, the optical path can be simulated, and the shape of the light guide layer can be changed according to the distance in the light traveling direction. Many such proposals have been made in patents and utility models. There is.
【0004】しかし、面光源は出射平面よりできるだけ
全方向に均一に光が出射することを目的とした物が殆ん
どであるが、使用目的によっては或る方向に光を集中し
たい場合がある。However, most of the surface light sources are intended to emit light uniformly in all directions from the emission plane, but there are cases where it is desired to concentrate the light in a certain direction depending on the purpose of use. .
【0005】例えば視野角の小さいパーソナルユースの
液晶カラーTV等は、或る方向だけに均一な光を出射し
且つ出射面全体ができるだけ均一な出射光量であること
が要求される。For example, a liquid crystal color TV or the like for personal use having a small viewing angle is required to emit uniform light only in a certain direction and to have the uniform quantity of emitted light on the entire emitting surface.
【0006】図9はそのような液晶カラーTV装置の概
略構成図である。同図において、1は液晶画面、2は液
晶カラーTV装置の本体部、3は液晶画面1の画面の法
線、4は観察者の目である。この形式の装置において
は、液晶画面1を液晶カラーTV装置の本体部2から4
5°程度の角度で立たせ、法線3に対して15°の角度
をなす方向から画面を見るような構成になっている。し
たがって、図において、Xで示す角度域内で面光源の輝
度が他の角度域に比べて大きくなるような背面照明手段
があれば、全体の光量をそこに集中できる点において、
有利となる。つまり、この様な面光源の輝度は所望の方
向に対して最高の輝度値を示し、それは全方向均一出射
型の輝度値より何倍も大きくなる。従ってある特定方向
のみが視角である様な表示装置の背面照明として使用す
れば低消費電力で高輝度の表示装置を得ることが出来
る。FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of such a liquid crystal color TV apparatus. In the figure, 1 is a liquid crystal screen, 2 is a main body of a liquid crystal color TV apparatus, 3 is a normal line of the screen of the liquid crystal screen 1, and 4 is an observer's eye. In this type of device, the liquid crystal screen 1 is connected to the main body 2 to 4 of the liquid crystal color TV device.
It is configured to stand at an angle of about 5 ° and to view the screen from a direction forming an angle of 15 ° with respect to the normal line 3. Therefore, in the figure, if there is a back lighting unit in which the brightness of the surface light source becomes larger in the angle range indicated by X than in other angle ranges, the total amount of light can be concentrated there.
Be advantageous. That is, the brightness of such a surface light source shows the highest brightness value in the desired direction, which is many times higher than the brightness value of the uniform emission type in all directions. Therefore, when it is used as the back lighting of a display device in which only a specific direction has a viewing angle, a display device with low power consumption and high brightness can be obtained.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、図9の
ような液晶カラーTV装置等の平面に使用する光源は、
特殊な小面積の例外を除いて殆んどの場合、点光源を使
うことはない。使用する光源は、体積光源(蛍光灯の様
に点光源と見做すことが出来ない光源)であり、点光源
近似の一致性は極めて悪い。従って従来技術で提案され
ている様な形状は、形状が精密且つ複雑で製造にコスト
がかかる割には、前記のような所望の特性を得ることは
難しい。However, the light source used for the plane of the liquid crystal color TV device as shown in FIG.
In most cases, with the exception of special small areas, point lights are not used. The light source used is a volume light source (a light source that cannot be regarded as a point light source like a fluorescent lamp), and the point light source approximations are extremely poor in agreement. Therefore, the shape proposed in the prior art is difficult to obtain the desired characteristics as described above, although the shape is precise and complicated and the manufacturing cost is high.
【0008】しかも蛍光灯の様な体積光源は光源自体が
拡散光であり、無指向性である。即ち、拡散光出射光源
を用いて所望の指向性を確保することは厳密な意味では
非常に困難である。Moreover, in a volume light source such as a fluorescent lamp, the light source itself is diffused light and is non-directional. That is, it is very difficult in the strict sense to secure a desired directivity by using the diffused light emitting light source.
【0009】また、前記のような光出射の方向性の点と
は別に、光源装置自体をできるだけ小型にする為には、
少なくとも光源ランプの直径と同じ程度の厚さで目的を
達成する必要がある。前述したようなランプの下部に回
転放物線型リフレクターを配設するタイプの光源装置で
はランプ径の2〜4倍の厚さになり、小型化の要望を満
たすことはできない。In addition to the above-described directivity of light emission, in order to make the light source device itself as small as possible,
It is necessary to achieve the object with a thickness at least as large as the diameter of the light source lamp. In the light source device of the type in which the rotating parabolic reflector is arranged in the lower part of the lamp as described above, the thickness becomes 2 to 4 times the lamp diameter, and the demand for downsizing cannot be satisfied.
【0010】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の目的は、前記従
来技術の問題点に鑑み、カラー液晶TV装置の様な小型
でしかも視野角が小さく、しかも視野が限定される様な
表示器の背面照明として、薄型(ランプの径と同程度)
で、光源のワット数を増加することなく、使用者が見る
方向に集中光が簡単に得られる面光源素子を提供するこ
とにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a display device such as a color liquid crystal TV device which is small in size, has a small viewing angle, and has a limited viewing field. Thin back lighting (similar to lamp diameter)
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a surface light source element that allows concentrated light to be easily obtained in a direction viewed by a user without increasing the wattage of the light source.
【0011】以上のような目的は、少なくとも一つの側
端を入射面とし、これと直交する面を光出射面とする第
1のエレメントと、上記第1のエレメントの出射面の反
対面に対向して配設された反射面と、上記第1のエレメ
ントからの出射光を入射させる入射面と所定の方向に光
を出射させる出射面とを備え、上記第1のエレメントの
入射面と平行に形成された多数のプリズム単位を表面に
有する第2のエレメントと、上記第1のエレメントの入
射面に対向して配置された光源とから構成され、上記第
1のエレメントの光出射面より当該光出射面と上記第1
のエレメントの入射面との双方に対し直交する面方向に
おいて上記第1のエレメントの光出射面の法線方向に対
し傾きを有する特定方向に指向性を有する出射光を出射
させるとともに、この第1のエレメントからの出射光を
上記第2のエレメントによって前記法線方向の方へと偏
向させるようにしてなることを特徴とする面光源素子に
より達成される。For the above-mentioned purpose, the first element having at least one side edge as the incident surface and the surface orthogonal to this as the light emitting surface is opposed to the opposite surface of the emitting surface of the first element. A reflecting surface, an incident surface on which the light emitted from the first element is incident, and an emitting surface on which the light is emitted in a predetermined direction, and are parallel to the incident surface of the first element. A second element having a large number of prism units formed on the surface and a light source arranged to face the incident surface of the first element, and the light is emitted from the light emitting surface of the first element. The exit surface and the first
In the plane direction orthogonal to both the incident surface of the element and the normal direction of the light emission surface of the first element, the emitted light having directivity is emitted in the specific direction and the first direction is emitted. The surface light source element is characterized in that the light emitted from the element is deflected in the direction of the normal line by the second element.
【0012】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明に係る面光源素子に
ついて、図面に基づき詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A surface light source element according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
【0013】まず、本発明に係る面光源素子の基本的な
考え方について、説明する。First, the basic concept of the surface light source element according to the present invention will be described.
【0014】導光体の空気に対する光の屈折率nは凡ね
n=1.4〜1.6近辺であり、図10(a)に示すよ
うに、導光体10の入射端面11と出射平面16が直交
している様な形状(エッジライティング)では臨界反射
角が45°前後で原理的に出射平面16には光が出射し
ない。なお、図10(a)において、14は蛍光灯等の
光源、15はそのリフレクター、13は導光体10の出
射平面16と反対側に形成された反射面である。The refractive index n of the light with respect to the air of the light guide body is approximately n = 1.4 to 1.6, and as shown in FIG. In a shape where the planes 16 are orthogonal to each other (edge lighting), the critical reflection angle is around 45 °, and in principle no light is emitted to the emission plane 16. In FIG. 10A, 14 is a light source such as a fluorescent lamp, 15 is a reflector thereof, and 13 is a reflecting surface formed on the side of the light guide 10 opposite to the emission plane 16.
【0015】そのため、図10(b)に示すように、一
般的には出射平面16を拡散加工した平面16aとした
り、出射対向面の反射面13を散乱反射面13aとする
が、光の出射の方向性を欲する今回の目的では出射光が
散乱光となる為この様な手段は使えない。Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the emission plane 16 is generally a diffusion-processed plane 16a or the emission-opposing reflection surface 13 is a scattering reflection surface 13a. For the purpose of this time that wants the directionality of, since such emitted light becomes scattered light, such means cannot be used.
【0016】そこで、本発明者らは、第1エレメントで
ある導光体の表面あるいはその反対面をできるだけ均一
に粗面加工(本発明では以降梨地面という)を施し、そ
の形成された梨地面と出射光の出射方向性を詳細に検討
した結果、導光体の入射面及び出射面の双方に直交する
面において、出射面の法線に対し、例えば、70〜80
度程度の傾きを有する特定方向に指向性を有した光が出
射し、出射平面の法線方向iの出射光量は極めて少ない
ことを見出し、この方向を法線方向の方に変換させるた
めに、多数の線状のプリズム単位を有する第2のエレメ
ントを、プリズム単位が第1のエレメントの入射面と平
行となるように組み合わせることを考えて本発明を完成
させた。Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have roughened the surface of the light guide body, which is the first element, or the opposite surface thereof as uniformly as possible (hereinafter, referred to as a satin-finished surface in the present invention), and formed the satin-finished surface. As a result of a detailed examination of the emission directionality of the emitted light, it is, for example, 70 to 80 with respect to the normal line of the emission surface on the plane orthogonal to both the incidence surface and the emission surface of the light guide.
It was found that light having directivity in a specific direction having an inclination of about 10 degrees is emitted, and the amount of emitted light in the normal direction i of the emission plane is extremely small, and in order to convert this direction to the normal direction, The present invention has been completed in consideration of combining a second element having a large number of linear prism units so that the prism units are parallel to the incident surface of the first element.
【0017】第1エレメントの構成の斜視図を図4
(a)に示すが、出射平面には均一な梨地面を形成し、
その反対面には反射面13を形成させその一端に蛍光灯
の様な線状光源14を配設した。図4(b)はそのA−
A′断面図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the first element.
As shown in (a), a uniform satin surface is formed on the exit plane,
A reflecting surface 13 was formed on the opposite surface, and a linear light source 14 such as a fluorescent lamp was arranged at one end thereof. FIG. 4B shows the A-
It is an A'cross section figure.
【0018】図7(a),(b)、図14(c),
(d)及び図15(e),(f)は、図4(b)に示し
た出射光輝度の角度分布を示した図である。すなわち、
各角度の出射光の内、最も大きい角度の出射光を100
%としたときの各角度の出射光の割合いを示した図であ
る(測定試料及び測定法については後述する)。7 (a), (b), FIG. 14 (c),
15D and FIGS. 15E and 15F are diagrams showing the angular distribution of the emission light luminance shown in FIG. 4B. That is,
Of the emitted light of each angle, the emitted light of the largest angle is 100
It is a figure which showed the ratio of the emitted light of each angle when it was set to% (a measuring sample and a measuring method are mentioned later).
【0019】図5(a),(b)はそれぞれその測定方
法を示す図であり、図5(a)は測定位置を示す正面図
であり、図5(b)はA−A′断面図である。図5
(b)において、48は輝度計である。5 (a) and 5 (b) are views showing the measuring method, respectively, FIG. 5 (a) is a front view showing the measuring position, and FIG. 5 (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA '. Is. Figure 5
In (b), 48 is a luminance meter.
【0020】結果は、図7(a),(b)、図14
(c),(d)及び図15(e),(f)に示すとお
り、光源として必要な正面方向(平面の法線方向)には
殆ど光は出ておらず、75〜80度の特定方向に出射光
が集中していることがわかった。The results are shown in FIGS. 7 (a), 7 (b) and 14
As shown in (c), (d), and FIGS. 15 (e), (f), almost no light is emitted in the front direction (normal direction of the plane) required as a light source, and the light is identified at 75 to 80 degrees. It was found that the emitted light was concentrated in the direction.
【0021】そこで、本発明はこの様に特定方向に出射
光が集中し、出射光分布ができるだけ小さく且つ出射光
量の多い梨地面60を有する導光体(第1のエレメン
ト)を逆に利用し、法線の両側に出射した出射光20,
21(図4(b)参照)を第1のエレメントの入射面と
平行に形成された線状のプリズム群を有する第2のエレ
メントによって屈折させることにより、出射光20,2
1を偏向させ、法線方向近傍の所望方向に出射光を集中
出射させることをその原理とするものである。Therefore, the present invention reversely utilizes the light guide body (first element) having the satin surface 60 in which the emitted light is concentrated in a specific direction and the emitted light distribution is as small as possible and the emitted light amount is large. , Emitted light 20 emitted on both sides of the normal,
21 (see FIG. 4B) is refracted by the second element having the linear prism group formed in parallel with the incident surface of the first element, so that the emitted light 20, 2
The principle is that 1 is deflected and the emitted light is concentrated and emitted in a desired direction near the normal direction.
【0022】図6(a),(b)は上記の作用のもう一
つの構成要素である第2のエレメントのプリズムを拡大
した図である。同図において、20,21はそれぞれ第
1のエレメントの梨地面60からの右側方向、左側方向
への出射光、θ1 ,θ2 はそれぞれ、法線とプリズム面
30,31がなす角、32は出射面である。また、ψ 1
〜ψ6 及びφ1 〜φ6 はそれぞれ、プリズム単位の各面
或は基準線に対する角度を示したものであり、その角度
の取り方は図6(a),(b)に示すとおりである。FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show another operation of the above.
Enlarging the prism of the second element, which is one component
FIG. In the figure, 20 and 21 are respectively the first
Rightward and leftward from the matte surface 60 of element 1
Light emitted to, θ1 , Θ2 Are the normal and prism face, respectively
An angle formed by 30, 31 and 32 is an emission surface. Also, ψ 1
~ Ψ6 And φ1 ~ Φ6 Is each surface of prism unit
Or, it shows the angle with respect to the reference line.
Is taken as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b).
【0023】出射光21のようにプリズムの右側より入
射する場合においては、プリズム面30から入射し、プ
リズム面31で全反射した後、出射面32から所定角度
ψ6で出射する。また、出射光20のようにプリズムの
左側より入射する場合においては、プリズム面31から
入射し、プリズム面30で全反射した後、出射面32か
ら所定角度φ6 で出射する。When the emitted light 21 enters from the right side of the prism, it enters from the prism surface 30, is totally reflected by the prism surface 31, and then exits from the exit surface 32 at a predetermined angle φ 6 . When the emitted light 20 is incident from the left side of the prism, it is incident from the prism surface 31, totally reflected by the prism surface 30, and then emitted from the emission surface 32 at a predetermined angle φ 6 .
【0024】第1のエレメントの梨地面60の第1次出
射光の出射角は、法線に対して対称になるので、第2の
エレメントのプリズム群の構成単位のプリズムのプリズ
ム角(図6のθ1 ,θ2 )及び屈折率を変えることによ
り所望の出射角(ψ6 及びφ 6 )を得ることが可能であ
る。First appearance of the matte surface 60 of the first element
Since the emission angle of the emitted light is symmetric with respect to the normal,
Prism prism of the constituent unit of the prism group of the element
Angle (θ in Fig. 61 , Θ2 ) And by changing the refractive index
Desired output angle (ψ6 And φ 6 ) Is possible
It
【0025】[0025]
【実施例】以下、本発明に係る面光源素子について、そ
の具体的な構成について、図面に基づき詳細に説明す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The surface light source element according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings showing the specific construction thereof.
【0026】図1は本発明に係る面光源素子の一実施例
を示す部分的な断面図である。FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of a surface light source element according to the present invention.
【0027】同図において、14は蛍光灯等の光源、1
5はそのリフレクター、13は導光体50の出射面16
と反対側に形成された反射面、16は導光体50の出射
面である(60は梨地面)。なお、導光体50の出射面
16は反射層13の面と実質的に平行な面である。40
は第2エレメントのプリズム単位、32はその出射面で
ある。プリズム単位40は光源(ランプ)に平行な方向
に延びる凸状の線形状をなしている。In the figure, 14 is a light source such as a fluorescent lamp, and 1
5 is its reflector, 13 is the exit surface 16 of the light guide 50.
Reference numeral 16 is a reflection surface formed on the opposite side, and 16 is an emission surface of the light guide body 50 (60 is a satin surface). The emission surface 16 of the light guide body 50 is a surface substantially parallel to the surface of the reflective layer 13. 40
Is a prism unit of the second element, and 32 is its exit surface. The prism unit 40 has a convex linear shape extending in a direction parallel to the light source (lamp).
【0028】本発明の構成は、導光体の少なくとも一つ
の側端11を入射面とし、これと直交する面を光出射面
16とし、該出射面16の反対面に反射層13を備えか
つ、導光体の少なくとも一つの面に前記梨地面60を配
した第1のエレメント50と、上記第1のエレメント5
0からの出射光を入射させ、かつ所定の方向に光を出射
させるプリズム単位40を配した入射面と該プリズム単
位40からの光を出射せしめる出射面32とを備えた第
2のエレメント51とから構成されている。In the structure of the present invention, at least one side end 11 of the light guide is an incident surface, a surface orthogonal to this is a light emitting surface 16, and a reflection layer 13 is provided on the opposite surface of the light emitting surface 16. A first element 50 having the satin-finished surface 60 on at least one surface of the light guide, and the first element 5
A second element 51 having an incident surface on which a prism unit 40 for irradiating the emitted light from 0 and emitting the light in a predetermined direction is arranged, and an emitting surface 32 for emitting the light from the prism unit 40. It consists of
【0029】第1エレメントから出射した光はそれぞれ
光線54,55の様に出射され、ψ 6 とφ6 とをほぼ同
じになる様にプリズム単位を設定することにより、目的
を達成することができる。The light emitted from the first element is
It is emitted as rays 54 and 55, 6 And φ6 Is almost the same as
By setting the prism unit to be the same,
Can be achieved.
【0030】本発明の素子を構成する材料としては、小
型軽量の目的から光の導光体として可視光透過率の最も
大きいアクリル樹脂が好適であるが、これに限定する必
要はない。As a material for forming the element of the present invention, an acrylic resin having the largest visible light transmittance as a light guide is suitable for the purpose of small size and light weight, but the material is not limited to this.
【0031】また、光源14としては、小型の蛍光灯を
用いるが、連続した形状の線状光源(例えば、フィラメ
ントランプ)であってもかまわない。Although a small fluorescent lamp is used as the light source 14, a linear light source having a continuous shape (for example, a filament lamp) may be used.
【0032】次に、第1のエレメントにより第1次の出
射角が、法線に対して対称になる場合のプリズム角の決
定例を示す。法線に非対称な場合も光の入射角を左、右
変えることで簡単に計算出来る。なお、nはエレメント
を構成する材料の屈折率である。 プリズムの左側より入射の場合 (記号は総て図6(a)による) (i)90°−ψ<θ1 ,φ1 =(θ1 +ψ)−90, sinφ2 =sin(θ1 +ψ−90)/n, φ5 =90−(2θ2 +θ1 −φ2 ), sinφ6 =n×sinφ5 , φ6 =sin-1(n×sinφ5 ) (ii)90°−ψ>θ1 ,φ1 =90−(θ1 +ψ), sinφ2 =sin(90−θ1 −ψ)/n, φ5 =90−(2θ2 +θ1 +φ2 ), sinφ6 =n×sinφ5 , (iii) 90°−ψ=θ1 ,φ1 =0, φ5 =90−(2θ2 +θ1 ), sinφ6 =n×sinφ5 プリズムの右側より入射 (記号は総て図6(b)による) (iv)90°−ψ<θ2 , ψ1 =(θ2 +ψ)−90, sinψ2 =sin(θ2 +ψ−90)/n, ψ5 =(2θ1 +θ2 −ψ2 )−90, sinψ6 =n×sinψ5 (v)90°−ψ>θ2 , ψ1 =90−(θ2 +ψ), sinψ2 =sin(90−θ2 −ψ)/n, ψ5 =(2θ1 +θ2 +ψ2 )−90, sinψ6 =n×sinψ5 (vi)90°−ψ=θ2 ,ψ1 =0, ψ5 =(2θ2 +θ1 )−90, sinψ6 =n×sinψ5 また、プリズムの材質をアクリル樹脂で作ると屈折率は
n=1.49であり、プリズム40への入射角を法線に
対して、対称でψ=65°とすると、先の計算式により
プリズムよりの出射角は法線の片側に集束する角度が得
られる(左、右の差が2°以内の計算例を示す)。Next, an example of determining the prism angle when the first-order emission angle is symmetric with respect to the normal line by the first element will be shown. Even if it is asymmetrical to the normal, it can be easily calculated by changing the incident angle of light to the left or right. Note that n is the refractive index of the material forming the element. When incident from the left side of the prism (all symbols are according to FIG. 6A) (i) 90 ° −ψ <θ 1 , φ 1 = (θ 1 + φ) −90, sin φ 2 = sin (θ 1 + φ− 90) / n, φ 5 = 90− (2θ 2 + θ 1 −φ 2 ), sin φ 6 = n × sin φ 5 , φ 6 = sin −1 (n × sin φ 5 ) (ii) 90 ° −ψ> θ 1 , Φ 1 = 90− (θ 1 + φ), sin φ 2 = sin (90−θ 1 −φ) / n, φ 5 = 90− (2θ 2 + θ 1 + φ 2 ), sin φ 6 = n × sin φ 5 , ( iii) 90 ° −ψ = θ 1 , φ 1 = 0, φ 5 = 90− (2θ 2 + θ 1 ), sin φ 6 = n × sin φ 5 Incident from the right side of the prism (all symbols are as shown in FIG. 6 (b). ) (Iv) 90 ° -ψ <θ 2 , ψ 1 = (θ 2 + ψ) -90, sin ψ 2 = sin (θ 2 + ψ-90) / n, ψ 5 = (2θ 1 + θ 2 −ψ 2 ) − 90, sin ψ 6 = n × sin ψ 5 (V) 90 ° −ψ> θ 2 , ψ 1 = 90− (θ 2 + ψ), sin ψ 2 = sin (90−θ 2 −ψ) / n, ψ 5 = (2θ 1 + θ 2 + ψ 2 ) −90 , Sin ψ 6 = n × sin ψ 5 (vi) 90 ° −ψ = θ 2 , ψ 1 = 0, ψ 5 = (2θ 2 + θ 1 ) −90, sin ψ 6 = n × sin ψ 5 The prism material is acrylic. When made of resin, the refractive index is n = 1.49, and assuming that the incident angle on the prism 40 is ψ = 65 ° with respect to the normal line, the exit angle from the prism is the normal line according to the above calculation formula. The angle of focusing on one side of is obtained (showing a calculation example in which the difference between left and right is within 2 °).
【0033】 入射角ψ=65° 左側プリズム角θ1 右側プリズム角θ2 θ1 θ2 左側よりの光 右側よりの光 (φ6 ) (ψ6 ) 35° 28° 8.5° 8.9° 36° 27° 11.0° 11.5° 37° 26° 13.5° 14.0° 38° 25° 16.0° 16.5° 39° 24° 18.6° 19.1° 40° 23° 21.1° 21.7° 41° 22° 23.7° 24.3° 42° 21° 26.3° 26.9° 43° 20° 29.0° 29.6° 図2及び図3は本発明の他の構成例を示す面光源素子の
部分的な断面図である。Incident angle ψ = 65 ° Left prism angle θ 1 Right prism angle θ 2 θ 1 θ 2 Light from the left Light from the right (φ 6 ) (ψ 6 ) 35 ° 28 ° 8.5 ° 8.9 ° 36 ° 27 ° 11.0 ° 11.5 ° 37 ° 26 ° 13.5 ° 14.0 ° 38 ° 25 ° 16.0 ° 16.5 ° 39 ° 24 ° 18.6 ° 19.1 ° 40 ° 23 ° 21.1 ° 21.7 ° 41 ° 22 ° 23.7 ° 24.3 ° 42 ° 21 ° 26.3 ° 26.9 ° 43 ° 20 ° 29.0 ° 29.6 ° Fig. 2 and FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a surface light source element showing another configuration example of the present invention.
【0034】図2において、第1のエレメント(導光
体)50−1はその梨地面60を光の出射面16とは反
対側に形成し、独立または一体的に形成した反射層13
に対向させて配置したものとなっており、第1エレメン
ト50−1の出射面16は平滑面となっている。図3は
導光体50の上下面に梨地面を配した導光体50−2を
使用した構成例を示したものである。尚、本発明におい
て、透明導光体の出射面16となる梨地面の仮想平面が
反射層の面13と実質的に平行ということは、厚みの均
一な板状体ということで、本発明は容易に製作、組立可
能な透明導光体を用いることを特徴の一つとしている。In FIG. 2, the first element (light guide) 50-1 has a matte surface 60 formed on the side opposite to the light emitting surface 16 and is formed as a reflection layer 13 formed independently or integrally.
Are arranged to face each other, and the emission surface 16 of the first element 50-1 is a smooth surface. FIG. 3 shows an example of a configuration using a light guide body 50-2 in which a satin surface is arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the light guide body 50. In the present invention, the fact that the imaginary plane of the satin surface, which is the emission surface 16 of the transparent light guide, is substantially parallel to the surface 13 of the reflective layer means that the plate-shaped body has a uniform thickness. One of the features is the use of a transparent light guide that can be easily manufactured and assembled.
【0035】図12は、第1のエレメント50の出射光
が法線に対称に出射し、第2のエレメント51のプリズ
ム単位の角度(図6のθ1 ,θ2 )をθ1 =θ2 =3
1.5°とした場合の実施例を示す図である。この実施
例によれば、光線56,57のように、第2のエレメン
トの出射面32からの出射光を法線方向に集束すること
ができる。In FIG. 12, the light emitted from the first element 50 is emitted symmetrically with respect to the normal line, and the angles (θ 1 , θ 2 in FIG. 6) of the prism element of the second element 51 are θ 1 = θ 2. = 3
It is a figure which shows an Example when it is set to 1.5 °. According to this embodiment, the light emitted from the light emitting surface 32 of the second element, such as the light rays 56 and 57, can be focused in the normal direction.
【0036】次に3インチ液晶カラーTV用の背面光源
を想定し、パネルサイズを横61mm×縦56mmとし
た本発明の構成例について説明する。Next, assuming a rear light source for a 3-inch liquid crystal color TV, a configuration example of the present invention in which the panel size is 61 mm in width × 56 mm in length will be described.
【0037】第1のエレメントは、厚さ5mmの透明ア
クリル樹脂、第2のエレメントは厚さ1mmのアクリル
樹脂として以下の具体的な実施例を作成したが、本発明
はサイズ、厚み、材質共にこれに限定されるものではな
いことは明らかである。The following specific examples were prepared with the first element as a transparent acrylic resin having a thickness of 5 mm and the second element as an acrylic resin having a thickness of 1 mm. Obviously, it is not limited to this.
【0038】[詳細な実施例−1] 図1に示す構成例の作製及びその評価 (導光体の作製)まず、磨いた黄銅板(約3mm×25
0mm×250mm)の片面に60メッシュのガラスビ
ーズを吹きつける常法のホーニング法によって金属板表
面をホーニング加工し、レプリカ用の金型を作製する。
ホーニングの程度により5種類の金型を作製した。[Detailed Example-1] Preparation and evaluation of the configuration example shown in FIG. 1 (preparation of light guide) First, a polished brass plate (about 3 mm × 25)
The surface of the metal plate is subjected to honing by a conventional honing method in which glass beads of 60 mesh are blown onto one surface (0 mm × 250 mm) to produce a replica mold.
Five types of molds were produced depending on the degree of honing.
【0039】次に、厚さ5mmのアクリル樹脂板の片面
に該金型を用い熱プレスによりホーニング面のレプリカ
をとり、これを導光体とした。Next, a replica of the honing surface was taken by hot pressing using the mold on one surface of an acrylic resin plate having a thickness of 5 mm, and this was used as a light guide.
【0040】(第2エレメントの製作)ポータブル液晶
TVの画面の有効視野角、法線よりの傾き角(図9参
照)を測定して、出射角を画面法線に対して15°(ψ
6 =φ6 )になる様に決定し、プリズム角を左側38°
(=θ1 )右側25°(=θ2 )とした(図6(a),
(b)参照)。そして、その設定のプリズムの先端角
(=θ1 +θ2 )63°のプリズム辺が多数平行に配さ
れたマルチプリズムで、且つピッチ0.38mmの金型
を作成し、熱プレスにより厚さ1mmのアクリル樹脂板
に熱転写し、第2のエレメントとした。(Production of Second Element) The effective viewing angle of the screen of the portable liquid crystal TV and the inclination angle from the normal line (see FIG. 9) are measured, and the emission angle is set at 15 ° (ψ) with respect to the screen normal line.
6 = φ 6 ) and set the prism angle to the left 38 °
(= Θ 1 ) 25 ° on the right side (= θ 2 ) (FIG. 6A,
(B)). Then, a multi-prism in which a large number of prism sides with the tip angle (= θ 1 + θ 2 ) 63 ° of the prism of that setting are arranged in parallel and a die having a pitch of 0.38 mm is prepared, and a thickness of 1 mm is obtained by hot pressing. Was thermally transferred to the acrylic resin plate of No. 2 to obtain a second element.
【0041】(導光体の曇価の測定) (1)前記(導光体の作製)で5種類の金型を用いてレ
プリカをとったアクリル樹脂板5mmより各各50mm
×50mm試片を切り出し、曇価測定用試料とした。対
照試料としては、レプリカをとる前の透明なアクリル樹
脂板を同じ様に50mm×50mmに切断して使用し
た。(Measurement of haze value of light guide) (1) 50 mm each from replica acrylic resin plate 5 mm using 5 kinds of molds in the above (manufacture of light guide)
A × 50 mm test piece was cut out and used as a sample for measuring a haze value. As a control sample, a transparent acrylic resin plate before taking a replica was similarly cut into 50 mm × 50 mm and used.
【0042】曇価の測定は、ASTM−D1003−6
1に準じ計測器の光入射側にレプリカ面を配置して測定
し、次式により曇価を求めた: 曇価={(拡散光透過率)/(全光線透過率)}×10
0% (2)測定結果は表1の通りである。The haze value is measured according to ASTM-D1003-6.
According to 1, the replica surface was placed on the light incident side of the measuring instrument and the measurement was performed, and the haze value was determined by the following formula: Haze value = {(diffused light transmittance) / (total light transmittance)} × 10
0% (2) The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
【0043】[0043]
【表1】 (第1エレメントの製作及び出射光の角度分布評価)次
に、上記導光体より、横61mm×縦56mmの大きさ
の板を切断し、横61mmの2辺を常法により研摩し、
縦56mmの2辺は粘着剤つきアルミニウム蒸着膜付き
ポリエステルを貼りつけ、転写したマット面の対面には
銀蒸着膜付きポリエステルフィルムを配設した。横61
mmの2辺に沿って径7mm、長さ245mmのランプ
((株)スタンレー電気製CB7−245W冷陰極管)
をアルミニウム箔をリフレクターとして巻きつけ、DC
12Vでインバーターを介して点灯した。第1エレメン
トの中央部(図5(a)の部分)について輝度計
((株)ミノルタ製輝度計nt−1)で法線に対して角
度を変えて測定し、出射光分布を求めた(図5(b)参
照)。[Table 1] (Fabrication of First Element and Evaluation of Angular Distribution of Emitted Light) Next, a plate having a size of width 61 mm × length 56 mm was cut from the above light guide, and two sides of width 61 mm were polished by a conventional method.
A polyester film with an aluminum vapor deposition film with an adhesive was attached to two sides of a length of 56 mm, and a polyester film with a silver vapor deposition film was arranged on the opposite side of the transferred mat surface. Width 61
A lamp having a diameter of 7 mm and a length of 245 mm along two sides of mm (CB7-245W cold cathode tube manufactured by Stanley Electric Co., Ltd.)
Wrap the aluminum foil as a reflector, DC
It was lit at 12V via an inverter. The center of the first element (portion in FIG. 5A) was measured with a luminance meter (luminance meter nt-1 manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd.) at different angles with respect to the normal line, and the emitted light distribution was obtained ( See FIG. 5B).
【0044】このようにして求めたデータが表2及び前
述した図7(a),(b)及び図14(c),(d)で
ある。図7他において半径方向に輝度を円周方向に光出
射角をとってある。試料−5及び対照試料はいずれの方
向にも出射光量が小さく、測定が不正確となった為、割
愛した。The data thus obtained are shown in Table 2 and FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) and FIGS. 14 (c) and 14 (d). In FIG. 7 and others, the luminance is taken in the radial direction and the light emission angle is taken in the circumferential direction. The sample-5 and the control sample were omitted because the amount of emitted light was small in any direction and the measurement became inaccurate.
【0045】[0045]
【表2】 尚、使用したランプの中央部に於ける管面輝度は各々5
000cd/m2 ,5200cd/m2 であった。[Table 2] The brightness of the tube surface at the center of the lamp used was 5 each.
It was 000 cd / m 2 and 5200 cd / m 2 .
【0046】(本発明に係る面光源素子の製作及びその
評価)前記第2エレメントよりマルチプリズムの線方向
が長辺に平行になる様に、横16mm×縦56mmに切
断し、前記第1エレメントの光出射面にプリズム凸部が
向き合う様に配設し、ランプ辺に沿って(横61mmの
辺)約5mm巾の両面粘着テープで固定し、本発明に係
る面光源素子を製作した。(Production of Surface Light Source Element According to the Present Invention and Evaluation thereof) The first element is cut into 16 mm in width × 56 mm in length so that the line direction of the multi-prism is parallel to the long side from the second element. The prism convex portions are arranged so as to face the light emitting surface of (1), and fixed along the lamp side (side of 61 mm in width) with a double-sided adhesive tape having a width of about 5 mm to manufacture a surface light source element according to the present invention.
【0047】第1エレメントの出射光の角度分布評価の
方法と全く同様な方法で、本面光源素子の出射光の角度
分布を測定した。その測定結果を表3及び図8(a),
(b)及び図16(c),(d)に示す。The angle distribution of the light emitted from the surface light source element was measured by the same method as the method of evaluating the angle distribution of the light emitted from the first element. The measurement results are shown in Table 3 and FIG.
16 (b) and FIGS. 16 (c) and 16 (d).
【0048】[0048]
【表3】 *分布角:輝度値がピーク輝度の1/2になる時の角度。[Table 3] * Distribution angle: The angle at which the brightness value becomes half the peak brightness.
【0049】以上の様に導光体の梨地面の性能として
は、曇価が約30%以上、好ましくは50%以上あれば
面光源素子として充分な輝度と分布角を得ることが出来
る。As described above, as the performance of the light guide for the matte surface, if the haze value is about 30% or more, preferably 50% or more, sufficient brightness and distribution angle can be obtained as a surface light source element.
【0050】[詳細な実施例−2] 図2及び図3に示す構成例の製作及びその評価 [詳細な実施例−1]の試料−2を作成した金型を用い
アクリル樹脂5mm厚の両面レプリカをとり、これを試
料−6とした。この導光体は図3に示した50−2に相
当する。[Detailed Example-2] Production and evaluation of the configuration example shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. Using a mold prepared as Sample-2 of [Detailed Example-1], both sides of acrylic resin 5 mm thick A replica was taken and designated as Sample-6. This light guide corresponds to 50-2 shown in FIG.
【0051】(導光体の曇価の測定)[詳細な実施例−
1]と全く同様にして製作して試料−6の曇価を測定し
たところ、試料−6の曇価は81.5%であった。(Measurement of Haze Value of Light Guide) [Detailed Examples-
1] and the haze value of sample-6 was measured. The haze value of sample-6 was 81.5%.
【0052】(第1エレメントの製作及び出射光の角度
分布評価)[詳細な実施例−1]と全く同様にして製作
した。導光体として前記試料−2及び試料−6を用い次
の点を除いて[詳細な実施例−1]と全く同じである。(Fabrication of First Element and Evaluation of Angular Distribution of Emitted Light) Fabrication was performed in exactly the same manner as in [Detailed Example-1]. Using Sample-2 and Sample-6 as light guides, the procedure is exactly the same as in [Detailed Example-1] except for the following points.
【0053】異なる点:試料−2と同じ導光体の梨地面
に銀蒸着付きポリエステルフィルムを配設した(図2参
照)。この様に配設した試料を試料−7とする。これは
図2の導光体50−1に相当する。Difference: A polyester film with silver vapor deposition was arranged on the matte surface of the same light guide as Sample-2 (see FIG. 2). The sample thus arranged is referred to as Sample-7. This corresponds to the light guide body 50-1 in FIG.
【0054】出射光の角度分布の測定結果は図15
(e),(f)である。The measurement result of the angular distribution of the emitted light is shown in FIG.
(E) and (f).
【0055】[0055]
【表4】 尚、使用したランプの中央部に於ける管面輝度は各々5
000cd/m2 ,5200cd/m2 であった。[Table 4] The brightness of the tube surface at the center of the lamp used was 5 each.
It was 000 cd / m 2 and 5200 cd / m 2 .
【0056】(本発明に係る面光源素子の製作及びその
評価)[詳細な実施例−1]と全く同様にして面光源素
子を製作し本面光源素子の出射光の角度分布を測定し
た。その結果を表5及び図17(e),(f)に示す。(Production of Surface Light Source Element According to the Present Invention and Evaluation thereof) A surface light source element was produced in exactly the same manner as in [Detailed Example-1], and the angular distribution of the emitted light of the main surface light source element was measured. The results are shown in Table 5 and FIGS. 17 (e) and 17 (f).
【0057】[0057]
【表5】 以上の様に梨地面が両面(試料−6)或は反射層に密接
(試料−7)していると集中光の分布角を広くすること
ができる(ピーク輝度はその分小さくなる)。[Table 5] As described above, if the satin-finished surface is on both sides (Sample-6) or in close contact with the reflection layer (Sample-7), the distribution angle of the concentrated light can be widened (the peak luminance is reduced accordingly).
【0058】(比較例)アクリル系樹脂ペレット(三菱
レイヨン社製、ハイペットHBS[登録商標])にルチ
ル型酸化チタンを重量で1.5%ドライブレンドし、通
常の押出機で50μ厚のフィルムを作成した。該フィル
ムを無機ガラス平板上に空気泡の入らぬ様に延展し、メ
チルメタクリレートで仮止めした後、常法通り重合固化
して厚さ5mmのアクリル樹脂板を得た。Comparative Example Acrylic resin pellets (HI-PET HBS [registered trademark] manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) were dry-blended with rutile-type titanium oxide in an amount of 1.5% by weight, and a film having a thickness of 50 μm was formed using an ordinary extruder. It was created. The film was spread on an inorganic glass flat plate so that air bubbles did not enter, temporarily fixed with methyl methacrylate, and then polymerized and solidified in a usual manner to obtain an acrylic resin plate having a thickness of 5 mm.
【0059】この様にして作られた比較例の板を横61
mm×縦56mmに切断し、横61mmの2辺を常法に
より研摩し縦56mmの2辺は粘着剤つきアルミニウム
蒸着膜付きフィルムを貼りつけ、板表面に形成されてい
る白色の薄層の対面に銀蒸着膜付きポリエステルフィル
ムを配設した。次いで第1のエレメントと同様の測定を
全く同じ方法で行ない、出射光分布を求めた。その結果
を表6及び図11に示した。The plate of the comparative example made in this way is made into a horizontal 61
mm x 56 mm long, 61 mm wide is ground by a conventional method, and 56 mm long is coated with a film with an aluminum vapor deposition film with an adhesive on the two sides, facing the white thin layer formed on the plate surface. A polyester film with a silver vapor deposition film was placed on. Then, the same measurement as that of the first element was carried out by the completely same method to obtain the emitted light distribution. The results are shown in Table 6 and FIG.
【0060】[0060]
【表6】 (まとめ)例えば図8(a),(b)、図16(c),
(d)及び図17(e),(f)と図11を比較してみ
ればわかる様に、比較例が全方向に均一に光が出射する
特性を有しているのに対し、本発明の面光源素子は特定
方向に集中光を得ることができ、かつ中心点のピーク輝
度値が約3.5〜4倍の高輝度値を得ることが出来る利
点を有していることが分る。[Table 6] (Summary) For example, FIG. 8 (a), (b), FIG. 16 (c),
As can be seen by comparing (d) and FIGS. 17 (e) and (f) with FIG. 11, the comparative example has a characteristic that light is uniformly emitted in all directions. It can be seen that the surface light source element of 1 has the advantage that concentrated light can be obtained in a specific direction and that the peak luminance value of the central point is about 3.5 to 4 times higher. .
【0061】[詳細な実施例−3]図12に示したよう
に出射角を画面法線方向に向ける例としてプリズム角を
左右対称に31.5°(=θ1 )、31.5°(=θ
2 )とし、ピッチ0.5mmの金型を作成し、熱プレス
により厚さ1mmのアクリル樹脂に熱転写し、第2のエ
レメントを作成した。[Detailed Embodiment-3] As shown in FIG. 12, the prism angle is symmetrically set to 31.5 ° (= θ 1 ), 31.5 ° ( = Θ
2 ), a die having a pitch of 0.5 mm was prepared, and was thermally transferred to an acrylic resin having a thickness of 1 mm by hot pressing to prepare a second element.
【0062】第1のエレメントとして表2の試料−1の
導光体を用い、第2のエレメントに上記31.5°/3
1.5°(θ1 =θ2 )のマルチプリズムを用い、[詳
細な実施例−1]と全く同様にして面光源素子を作成
し、出射光の角度分布を測定した。第1のエレメントの
ピーク輝度の測定結果を表7に、また、その面光源素子
のピーク輝度を表8に、さらに、その面光源素子の出射
光輝度の角度分布を図13に示す。The light guide of Sample-1 in Table 2 was used as the first element, and the above-mentioned 31.5 ° / 3 was used as the second element.
Using a multi-prism of 1.5 ° (θ 1 = θ 2 ), a surface light source element was prepared in exactly the same manner as in [Detailed Example-1], and the angular distribution of emitted light was measured. Table 7 shows the measurement results of the peak luminance of the first element, Table 8 shows the peak luminance of the surface light source element, and FIG. 13 shows the angular distribution of the emitted light luminance of the surface light source element.
【0063】[0063]
【表7】 [Table 7]
【0064】[0064]
【表8】 表8及び図13から解るように、θ1 ,θ2 を上記の様
に設定することにより、通常の場合に比べて集中光を画
面法線方向に向けることのできる面光源素子を作成でき
た。[Table 8] As can be seen from Table 8 and FIG. 13, by setting θ 1 and θ 2 as described above, a surface light source element capable of directing concentrated light in the normal direction of the screen as compared with the normal case can be created. .
【0065】[0065]
【発明の効果】以上、説明したように、本発明に係る面
光源素子によれば、 液晶カラーTVの様な小型でしかも視野角が小さく、
しかも視野が限定される様な表示器の背面照明として
は、薄型(ランプの径と同程度)で、光源のワット数を
増加することなく集中光が簡単に得られる最適の光源装
置を提供できる。 本質的に拡散光源である蛍光灯を用い軽便に集中光が
得られ且つ、集中光の出射方向を簡単に自由に決めるこ
とが出来る。効果がある。As described above, according to the surface light source element of the present invention, it is as small as a liquid crystal color TV and has a small viewing angle.
Moreover, as the back lighting of the display whose field of view is limited, it is possible to provide an optimum light source device that is thin (about the same as the diameter of the lamp) and can easily obtain concentrated light without increasing the wattage of the light source. . Concentrated light can be easily obtained by using a fluorescent lamp which is essentially a diffused light source, and the emission direction of the concentrated light can be easily and freely determined. effective.
【図1】面光源素子の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a surface light source element.
【図2】面光源素子の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a surface light source element.
【図3】面光源素子の断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a surface light source element.
【図4】第1のエレメントの斜視図及び断面図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a first element.
【図5】出射光輝度の角度分布の測定法の概念図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of a method for measuring an angular distribution of emitted light brightness.
【図6】第1のエレメントより出射光のピーク光がプリ
ズムに入射した時の光路解析図である。FIG. 6 is an optical path analysis diagram when the peak light of the emitted light from the first element enters the prism.
【図7】導光体の出射光輝度の角度分布を示す図であ
る。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an angular distribution of emission light brightness of a light guide.
【図8】面光源素子の出射光輝度の角度分布を示す図で
ある。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an angular distribution of emission light brightness of a surface light source element.
【図9】液晶カラーTVの観視状態に於ける相対角度を
示す図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a relative angle in a viewing state of a liquid crystal color TV.
【図10】従来の面光源装置の断面図である。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional surface light source device.
【図11】面光源素子の出射光輝度の角度分布を示す図
である。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an angular distribution of emission light brightness of a surface light source element.
【図12】第2のエレメントがθ1 =θ2 型である面光
源素子の断面図である。FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a surface light source element in which a second element is θ 1 = θ 2 type.
【図13】θ1 =θ2 型の面光源素子の出射光輝度の角
度分布を示す図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an angular distribution of emission light brightness of a θ 1 = θ 2 type surface light source element.
【図14】導光体の出射光輝度の角度分布を示す図であ
る。FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an angular distribution of emission light brightness of a light guide.
【図15】導光体の出射光輝度の角度分布を示す図であ
る。FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an angular distribution of emission light brightness of a light guide.
【図16】面光源素子の出射光輝度の角度分布を示す図
である。FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an angular distribution of emission light brightness of a surface light source element.
【図17】面光源素子の出射光輝度の角度分布を示す図
である。FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an angular distribution of emission light brightness of a surface light source element.
13 反射面 14 光源 15 リフレクター 16 出射面 50,50−1,50−2 導光体(第1のエレメン
ト) 51 第2のエレメント 40 プリズム単位 60 梨地面13 reflective surface 14 light source 15 reflector 16 exit surface 50, 50-1, 50-2 light guide (first element) 51 second element 40 prism unit 60 satin surface
Claims (1)
れと直交する面を光出射面とする第1のエレメントと、 上記第1のエレメントの出射面の反対面に対向して配設
された反射面と、 上記第1のエレメントからの出射光を入射させる入射面
と所定の方向に光を出射させる出射面とを備え、上記第
1のエレメントの入射面と平行に形成された多数のプリ
ズム単位を表面に有する第2のエレメントと、 上記第1のエレメントの入射面に対向して配置された光
源とから構成され、 上記第1のエレメントの光出射面より当該光出射面と上
記第1のエレメントの入射面との双方に対し直交する面
方向において上記第1のエレメントの光出射面の法線方
向に対し傾きを有する特定方向に指向性を有する出射光
を出射させるとともに、この第1のエレメントからの出
射光を上記第2のエレメントによって前記法線方向の方
へと偏向させるようにしてなることを特徴とする面光源
素子。1. A first element having at least one side end as an incident surface and a surface orthogonal to the side surface as a light emitting surface, and the first element is disposed so as to face the surface opposite to the light emitting surface of the first element. A reflecting surface, an incident surface on which the light emitted from the first element is incident, and an emitting surface on which the light is emitted in a predetermined direction, and a large number of elements are formed in parallel with the incident surface of the first element. It is composed of a second element having a prism unit on the surface thereof and a light source arranged so as to face the incident surface of the first element, and the light emitting surface of the first element and the light emitting surface of the first element. In the plane direction orthogonal to both the incident surface of the first element, the emitted light having directivity is emitted in a specific direction having an inclination with respect to the normal direction of the light emitting surface of the first element, and Element of 1 A surface light source device of the light emitted from the preparative characterized by comprising as to deflect towards the normal direction by said second element.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8085167A JP2739730B2 (en) | 1988-06-02 | 1996-04-08 | Surface light source element |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13439388 | 1988-06-02 | ||
JP63-134393 | 1988-06-02 | ||
JP8085167A JP2739730B2 (en) | 1988-06-02 | 1996-04-08 | Surface light source element |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP63304208A Division JPH0727137B2 (en) | 1988-06-02 | 1988-12-02 | Surface light source element |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08262441A true JPH08262441A (en) | 1996-10-11 |
JP2739730B2 JP2739730B2 (en) | 1998-04-15 |
Family
ID=26426193
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8085167A Expired - Lifetime JP2739730B2 (en) | 1988-06-02 | 1996-04-08 | Surface light source element |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2739730B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001126521A (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2001-05-11 | Nippon Leiz Co Ltd | Light guide plate and plane illuminating device |
US6357888B1 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 2002-03-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Surface illuminant device emitting light in multiple directions in concentrative manner |
US8096693B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2012-01-17 | Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. | Light guide plate and backlight unit |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100985358B1 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2010-10-04 | 히다치 가세고교 가부시끼가이샤 | Backlight unit |
-
1996
- 1996-04-08 JP JP8085167A patent/JP2739730B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6357888B1 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 2002-03-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Surface illuminant device emitting light in multiple directions in concentrative manner |
JP2001126521A (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2001-05-11 | Nippon Leiz Co Ltd | Light guide plate and plane illuminating device |
US8096693B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2012-01-17 | Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. | Light guide plate and backlight unit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2739730B2 (en) | 1998-04-15 |
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